EP1267325B1 - Verfahren zur Sprachaktivitätsdetektion in einem Signal, und Sprachkodierer mit Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Sprachaktivitätsdetektion in einem Signal, und Sprachkodierer mit Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1267325B1
EP1267325B1 EP02290984A EP02290984A EP1267325B1 EP 1267325 B1 EP1267325 B1 EP 1267325B1 EP 02290984 A EP02290984 A EP 02290984A EP 02290984 A EP02290984 A EP 02290984A EP 1267325 B1 EP1267325 B1 EP 1267325B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
voice
noise
decision
energy
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02290984A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1267325A1 (de
Inventor
Raymond Gass
Richard Atzenhoffer
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/78—Detection of presence or absence of voice signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/78—Detection of presence or absence of voice signals
    • G10L2025/783—Detection of presence or absence of voice signals based on threshold decision

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a voice signal encoder comprising a device improved speech activity detection, and in particular an encoder according to the ITU-T Standard G.729A, Annex B.
  • a vocal signal has up to 60% silence or background noise.
  • it is known to discriminate the portions of the speech signal that actually contain useful signals and the portions that contain only silence or noise; and to code them respectively according to two different algorithms, each portion that does not contain silence or noise being coded with very little information representing the characteristics of the ambient noise.
  • Such an encoder comprises a device for voice activity detection that achieves this discrimination according to the spectral characteristics and according to the energy of the voice signal to be coded (calculated on each signal frame).
  • the voice signal is divided into digital frames corresponding to a duration of 10ms, for example.
  • a set of parameters is extracted from the signal.
  • the main parameters are auto coefficients correlation.
  • a set of linear prediction coding coefficients, and a set of frequency parameters are then deduced from these auto coefficients correlation.
  • One of the steps of the signal portion discrimination method which actually contain useful signals and portions that do not contain that silence or noise consists in comparing the energy of a signal frame with a threshold.
  • a device for calculating the threshold value adapted the value of the threshold according to the variations of the noise.
  • the noise affecting the signal vocal is composed of electrical noise and ambient noise. This last can increase or decrease significantly over the course of a single communication.
  • coefficients of frequency filtering of the noise must also be adapted to noise variations.
  • the decoder responsible for decoding the coded speech signal shall use alternatively two corresponding decoding algorithms respectively to coded signal portions such as voice and coded signal portions like silence or background noise.
  • the transition from one algorithm to another is synchronized by information coding periods of silence or noise.
  • a solution described in G.723.1 VAD is known and which consists in completely inhibiting the detection of voice activity in the coder, when the signal-to-noise ratio is less than a predetermined value. This solution preserves the integrity of the useful signal but has the disadvantage to increase the traffic.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a more efficient solution, which preserves the effectiveness of voice activity detection in terms of traffic, but which does not affect the quality of the signal restored after decoding.
  • the method thus characterized avoids an unwanted "noise” transition to "Voice” during a transient energy increase during frame n only because the smoothing function takes into account the final decision taken for the n-1 frame preceding the current frame n, to decide a transition "noise” to "voice".
  • the method according to the invention further comprises to prevent any final decision "noise for frames n + 1 to n + i where i is an integer defining a duration of inertia.
  • the method thus characterized avoids the phenomenon of loss of segments of words because the smoothing function has an inertia corresponding to the duration of i frames, for the return to a decision "noise".
  • the subject of the invention is also a voice signal encoder comprising smoothing means for implementing the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents the percentages of errors with the known method and with the method according to the invention, for different values of the signal to noise ratio.
  • Figure 6 shows the percentages of speech losses with the known method and with the method according to the invention, for different values of the signal to noise ratio.
  • the encoder When the speech signal is a useful signal, the encoder provides a frame every 10 ms. When the speech signal consists of silence (or noise), the encoder provides a single frame, at the beginning of the period of silence (or noise).
  • an encoder can be realized by means of a processor suitably programmed.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented by software whose realization is within the reach of man art.
  • FIG. 2 represents the flowchart of "voice” or "noise” decision-making, according to the coding method known from standard G.729 Annex B , 11/96. The method is applied to digitized signal frames having a fixed duration of 10 ms.
  • a first step 11 consists of extracting four parameters for the current frame of the signal to be encoded: the energy of this frame throughout the band frequency, the energy of this frame in the low frequencies, a game of spectral coefficients, and the rate of zero crossings.
  • the next step 12 is to update the minimum size of a buffer.
  • the curves E1 and E2 respectively represent the percentages of errors with the known method and with the method according to the invention, for different values of the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the curves L1 and L2 respectively represent the percentages of speech losses with the known method and with the method according to the invention, for different values of the signal-to-noise ratio.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zur Spracherkennung in einem Signal, wobei dieses Signal in Rahmen unterteilt wird und dieses Verfahren über eine Glättungsphase einer anfänglichen, für jeden Rahmen getroffenen Entscheidung "Sprache" oder "Geräusch" verfügt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Glättungsphase eine Etappe aufweist, die darin besteht, eine endgültige Entscheidung "Sprache" für den n-ten Rahmen zu treffen, wenn:
    die anfängliche Entscheidung für den Rahmen n "Sprache" ist;
    und die endgültige Entscheidung für den Rahmen n-2 "Geräusch" war;
    und die Energie des Rahmens n-1 größer als diejenige des Rahmens n-2 war;
    und die Energie des Rahmens n größer als die Energie des Rahmens n-2 ist.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenn eine endgültige Entscheidung "Sprache" für den Rahmen n getroffen worden ist, dieses Verfahren ferner darin besteht, jegliche endgültige Entscheidung "Geräusch" für die Rahmen n+1 bis n+i zu unterbinden, wobei i eine ganze Zahl ist, die eine Trägheitsdauer definiert.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Glättungsphase eine Etappe aufweist, die für einen Rahmen n darin besteht:
    einen Trägheitszähler (102) auf 0 zu stellen, wenn die anfängliche Entscheidung "Sprache" ist.
    zu bestimmen, ob die Energie des Rahmens n höher als ein Schwellenwert ist, und zu bestimmen, ob der Inhalt des Trägheitszählers niedriger als ein festgelegter Schwellenwert und höher als eins ist (103), wenn die anfängliche Entscheidung "Geräusch" ist. Anschließend:
    die Entscheidung "Sprache" zu treffen, wenn diese drei Bedingungen erfüllt sind, und danach den Trägheitszähler um eine Einheit zu erhöhen (104).
    oder die Entscheidung "Geräusch" zu treffen, wenn eine dieser Bedingungen nicht erfüllt ist.
  4. Sprachsignalcodierer mit einer Spracherkennungsvorrichtung, wobei dieses Signal in Rahmen unterteilt wird und diese Vorrichtung Mittel zur Glättung einer anfänglichen, für jeden Rahmen getroffenen Entscheidung "Sprache" oder "Geräusch" aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Glättungsmittel über Mittel verfügen, um eine endgültige Entscheidung "Sprache" für dem n-ten Rahmen zu treffen, wenn:
    die anfängliche Entscheidung für den Rahmen n "Sprache" ist;
    und die endgültige Entscheidung für den Rahmen n-2 "Geräusch" war;
    und die Energie des Rahmens n-1 größer als diejenige des Rahmens n-2 war;
    und die Energie des Rahmens n größer als die Energie des Rahmens n-2 ist.
  5. Codierer gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glättungsmittel über Mittel verfügen, um - wenn eine endgültige Entscheidung "Sprache" für den Rahmen n getroffen worden ist - jegliche endgültige Entscheidung "Geräusch" für die Rahmen n+1 bis n+i zu unterbinden, wobei i eine ganze Zahl ist, die eine Trägheitsdauer definiert.
  6. Codierer gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glättungsmittel über Mittel verfügen, um:
    einen Trägheitszähler (102) auf 0 zu stellen, wenn die anfängliche Entscheidung für den Rahmen n "Sprache" ist.
    zu bestimmen, ob die Energie des Rahmens n höher als ein Schwellenwert ist, und zu bestimmen, ob der Inhalt des Trägheitszählers niedriger als ein festgelegter Schwellenwert und höher als eins ist (103), wenn die anfängliche Entscheidung "Geräusch" ist. Anschließend:
    die Entscheidung "Sprache" zu treffen, wenn diese drei Bedingungen erfüllt sind, und danach den Trägheitszähler um eine Einheit zu erhöhen (104).
    oder die Entscheidung "Geräusch" zu treffen, wenn eine dieser Bedingungen nicht erfüllt ist.
EP02290984A 2001-06-11 2002-04-18 Verfahren zur Sprachaktivitätsdetektion in einem Signal, und Sprachkodierer mit Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP1267325B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0107585 2001-06-11
FR0107585A FR2825826B1 (fr) 2001-06-11 2001-06-11 Procede pour detecter l'activite vocale dans un signal, et codeur de signal vocal comportant un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

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EP1267325A1 EP1267325A1 (de) 2002-12-18
EP1267325B1 true EP1267325B1 (de) 2004-06-16

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US (1) US7596487B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1267325B1 (de)
JP (2) JP3992545B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1162835C (de)
AT (1) ATE269573T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60200632T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2219624T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2825826B1 (de)

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KR20080059881A (ko) * 2006-12-26 2008-07-01 삼성전자주식회사 음성 신호의 전처리 장치 및 방법
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CN102137194B (zh) * 2010-01-21 2014-01-01 华为终端有限公司 一种通话检测方法及装置
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WO2012152323A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh System and method for emitting and especially controlling an audio signal in an environment using an objective intelligibility measure
US20130090926A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-04-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Mobile device context information using speech detection
CN103325386B (zh) * 2012-03-23 2016-12-21 杜比实验室特许公司 用于信号传输控制的方法和系统
CN103325385B (zh) * 2012-03-23 2018-01-26 杜比实验室特许公司 语音通信方法和设备、操作抖动缓冲器的方法和设备
CN105681966B (zh) * 2014-11-19 2018-10-19 塞舌尔商元鼎音讯股份有限公司 降低噪音的方法及电子装置
US10928502B2 (en) * 2018-05-30 2021-02-23 Richwave Technology Corp. Methods and apparatus for detecting presence of an object in an environment
CN109360585A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-02-19 晶晨半导体(上海)股份有限公司 一种语音激活检测方法
CN113497852A (zh) * 2020-04-07 2021-10-12 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 自动音量调整方法、装置、介质和设备
CN113555025B (zh) * 2020-04-26 2024-08-09 华为技术有限公司 一种静音描述帧发送、协商方法及装置
CN115132231B (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-13 安徽讯飞寰语科技有限公司 语音活性检测方法、装置、设备及可读存储介质

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ATE269573T1 (de) 2004-07-15
CN1162835C (zh) 2004-08-18
JP2006189907A (ja) 2006-07-20
FR2825826A1 (fr) 2002-12-13
DE60200632D1 (de) 2004-07-22
DE60200632T2 (de) 2004-12-23
CN1391212A (zh) 2003-01-15
ES2219624T3 (es) 2004-12-01
US20020188442A1 (en) 2002-12-12
US7596487B2 (en) 2009-09-29
FR2825826B1 (fr) 2003-09-12
JP2003005772A (ja) 2003-01-08
JP3992545B2 (ja) 2007-10-17
EP1267325A1 (de) 2002-12-18

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