EP1264903A2 - Refining of aluminium casting alloys by boron addition - Google Patents
Refining of aluminium casting alloys by boron addition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1264903A2 EP1264903A2 EP02009964A EP02009964A EP1264903A2 EP 1264903 A2 EP1264903 A2 EP 1264903A2 EP 02009964 A EP02009964 A EP 02009964A EP 02009964 A EP02009964 A EP 02009964A EP 1264903 A2 EP1264903 A2 EP 1264903A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- boron
- melt
- alloy
- aluminum
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/062—Obtaining aluminium refining using salt or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for eliminating disruptive alloy components made of a cast aluminum alloy.
- the boron combines in the course of a Response time of at least one hour with the coarsening of the grain with the disruptive alloy components of the aluminum melt and falls out together with these as slag (scabies), which from the Melt removed or retained before or during casting becomes.
- the boron addition required for cleaning purposes is measured so that that after the response time has expired, the vast majority, namely about 90% or more, excreted from the melt and in this only left a maximum boron content of 0.005% by weight.
- the cast aluminum alloy can be used a further melt treatment known per se be subjected to grain refinement; here also come Aluminum master alloys for use, such as Al Ti5 B1.
- An aluminum secondary alloy 226 according to DIN was used as a basis was melted at about 760 degrees Celsius and as interfering elements especially vanadium, zirconium and chrome, but also a too high proportion of Titan had.
- this melt was 0.012% by weight boron in Form mixed with an aluminum-boron master alloy. After a response time of more than three hours then the respective proportion of the above Interfering elements measured. The proportion of vanadium and zirconium was in the melt by an average of 30% and that of titanium by decreased on average 35%, while the proportion of chromium remained unchanged remained. The boron content in the melt had decreased to 0.0031% by weight.
- the melt showed a significantly improved filling and flow behavior and on the finished castings there was a noticeably increased casting quality and in particular a much lower casting porosity has been demonstrated become.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beseitigung von störenden Legierungsbestandteilen aus einer Aluminium-Gusslegierung.The invention relates to a method for eliminating disruptive alloy components made of a cast aluminum alloy.
Für die Herstellung von Leichtmetallkomponenten aus Aluminium-Gusslegierungen kommt insbesondere im Kraftfahrzeugbau zunehmend Recyclingmaterial zur Anwendung, welches zusätzlich zu den gewünschten Legierungsbestandteilen, wie zum Beispiel Silizium, Kupfer, Mangan, Magnesium oder Nickel, auch Vanadium, Zirkonium oder andere unerwünschte Bestandteile aufweist, die als Störelemente vor allem das Fließ- und Füllungsverhalten der Schmelze negativ beeinflussen sowie zu einer erhöhten Porosität des Gussteils führen. Auch an sich erwünschte Legierungsbestandteile können sich bei zu hohen Konzentrationen in gleicher Weise negativ auswirken. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass die Anteile der oben erwähnten Legierungsbestandteile im Recyclingmaterial erheblich schwanken können.For the production of light metal components from cast aluminum alloys recycling material is increasingly used, especially in the automotive industry for use, which in addition to the desired alloy components, such as silicon, copper, manganese, magnesium or nickel, also has vanadium, zirconium or other undesirable constituents, which as interfering elements above all the flow and filling behavior of the Adversely affect the melt and increase the porosity of the casting to lead. Alloy components desired per se can also add up to high concentrations have a negative effect in the same way. aggravating In addition, the proportions of the alloy components mentioned above in the Recycling material can fluctuate considerably.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Beseitigung von störenden Legierungsbestandteilen aus einer Aluminium-Gusslegierung zu schaffen, welches sowohl in der Lage ist, Störelemente weitgehend zu entfernen als auch zu hohe Konzentrationen von an sich erwünschten Bestandteilen zu reduzieren. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for elimination of disruptive alloy components made of a cast aluminum alloy create, which is both able to largely remove interference elements as well as too high concentrations of components desired per se to reduce.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method with the features of claim 1 solved.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch eine Zugabe von Bor in die aufgeschmolzene Aluminium-Gusslegierung eine Art Reinigungsprozess eingeleitet wird, welcher relativ langsam über eine längere Reaktionszeit abläuft und in dessen Verlauf sich der Borgehalt in der Schmelze bis auf einen geringen Restgehalt abbaut. Die Zugabe von Bor zu Aluminium-Gusslegierungen ist zwar an sich bekannt, jedoch zu einem anderen Zweck und mit deutlich höher in der Schmelze verbleibenden Konzentrationen sowie ohne Einhaltung von Reaktions-Mindestzeiten. So wird in der DE 3739187 C 1 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochschmelzende Elemente enthaltenden Aluminiumvorlegierungen beschrieben, bei welchem zur Herstellung von beispielsweise 100 kg einer Al Ti5 B1-Vorlegierung unter anderem 11,6kg Kaliumborfluorid zugegeben wird. Die daraus angefertigten Gussstücke zeichnen sich besonders durch Feinkörnigkeit und Homogenität aus. Weiterhin ist aus der DE 3632609 C 2 die Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung bekannt, welche 0,05 bis 0,3 Gew.-% Bor enthält. Hiermit soll insbesondere die Zugfestigkeit und Dehnung von Formteilen verbessert werden.It has been shown that by adding boron to the melted Aluminum casting alloy a kind of cleaning process is initiated, which runs relatively slowly over a longer reaction time and in the course of it the boron content in the melt is reduced to a low residual content. The addition of boron to cast aluminum alloys is known per se, however for a different purpose and with significantly higher in the melt remaining concentrations and without observing minimum reaction times. DE 3739187 C 1 describes a process for the production of high-melting Described aluminum alloys containing elements, in which for the production of, for example, 100 kg of an Al Ti5 B1 master alloy among other things, 11.6 kg of potassium borofluoride is added. The one from it Made castings are particularly characterized by fine grain and homogeneity. Furthermore, the use is from DE 3632609 C 2 an aluminum alloy known, which contains 0.05 to 0.3 wt .-% boron. This is intended in particular to improve the tensile strength and elongation of molded parts become.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verbindet sich das Bor im Laufe einer Reaktionszeit von mindestens einer Stunde unter Inkaufnahme einer Kornvergröberung mit den störenden Legierungsbestandteilen der Aluminiumschmelze und fällt gemeinsam mit diesen als Schlacke (Krätze) aus, welche aus der Schmelze vor oder während ihres Vergießens entfernt bzw. zurückgehalten wird. Dabei wird die zu Reinigungszwecken erforderliche Borzugabe so bemessen, dass sie nach Ablauf der Reaktionszeit zum weitaus überwiegenden Teil, nämlich zu etwa 90% oder mehr, aus der Schmelze ausgeschieden und in dieser nur noch ein Borgehalt von maximal 0,005 Gew.-% verblieben ist. In the method according to the invention, the boron combines in the course of a Response time of at least one hour with the coarsening of the grain with the disruptive alloy components of the aluminum melt and falls out together with these as slag (scabies), which from the Melt removed or retained before or during casting becomes. The boron addition required for cleaning purposes is measured so that that after the response time has expired, the vast majority, namely about 90% or more, excreted from the melt and in this only left a maximum boron content of 0.005% by weight.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, die für die Zwecke dieser Behandlung vorgesehene Menge an Bor der Schmelze in mehreren Teilmengen zuzumischen, wobei nach jeder Zugabe einer Teilmenge die Reaktions-Mindestzeit von einer Stunde eingehalten wird.It has proven particularly advantageous for the purposes of this treatment envisaged amount of boron of the melt in several subsets to mix, the minimum reaction time after each addition of a portion of an hour is observed.
Da sich Bor in Aluminium nur schlecht löst, ist es von Vorteil, die für die Zwecke dieser Behandlung notwendige Menge an Bor in Form einer Aluminium-Bor-Vorlegierung zuzugeben, welche, wie zum Beispiel die Al B2-Phase, bereits bei 660 Grad Celsius schmilzt und sich daher in der Aluminiumschmelze leicht auflöst.Since boron dissolves poorly in aluminum, it is advantageous to use it for the purposes this treatment requires the amount of boron in the form of an aluminum-boron master alloy admit which, such as the Al B2 phase, already at 660 degrees Celsius melts and therefore easily melts in the aluminum dissolves.
Nach Ablauf des obengenannten Reinigungsprozesses kann dann die Aluminium-Gusslegierung einer weiteren, an sich bekannten Schmelzebehandlung zum Zwecke der Kornfeinung unterzogen werden; hierbei kommen ebenfalls Aluminium-Vorlegierungen zur Anwendung, wie zum Beispiel Al Ti5 B1.After the cleaning process mentioned above, the cast aluminum alloy can be used a further melt treatment known per se be subjected to grain refinement; here also come Aluminum master alloys for use, such as Al Ti5 B1.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher beschrieben:In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment described:
Zugrundegelegt wurde eine Aluminium-Sekundärlegierung 226 nach DIN, welche bei etwa 760 Grad Celsius aufgeschmolzen wurde und als Störelemente vor allem Vanadium, Zirkonium und Chrom, aber auch einen zu hohen Anteil an Titan aufwies.An aluminum secondary alloy 226 according to DIN was used as a basis was melted at about 760 degrees Celsius and as interfering elements especially vanadium, zirconium and chrome, but also a too high proportion of Titan had.
In einer ersten Versuchsreihe wurden dieser Schmelze 0,012 Gew.-% Bor in Form einer Aluminium-Bor-Vorlegierung zugemischt. Nach einer Reaktionszeit von mehr als drei Stunden wurde dann der jeweilige Anteil der oben genannten Störelemente gemessen. Dabei war der Anteil an Vanadium und Zirkonium in der Schmelze um durchschnittlich jeweils 30 % und derjenige von Titan um durchschnittlich 35 % zurückgegangen, während der Anteil an Chrom unverändert blieb. Der Borgehalt in der Schmelze war auf 0,0031 Gew,-% zurückgegangen.In a first series of experiments, this melt was 0.012% by weight boron in Form mixed with an aluminum-boron master alloy. After a response time of more than three hours then the respective proportion of the above Interfering elements measured. The proportion of vanadium and zirconium was in the melt by an average of 30% and that of titanium by decreased on average 35%, while the proportion of chromium remained unchanged remained. The boron content in the melt had decreased to 0.0031% by weight.
In einer zweiten Versuchsreihe wurden der gleichen Ausgangsschmelze nacheinander zwei Teilmengen von jeweils 0,025 Gew.-% Bor, ebenfalls in Form einer Aluminium-Bor-Vorlegierung, beigemischt, wobei jeweils nach Zugabe einer Teilmenge eine Reaktionszeit von mehr als 20 Stunden abgewartet und dann der jeweilige Anteil der oben genannten Störelemente gemessen wurde.In a second series of experiments, the same starting melt was used in succession two aliquots of 0.025% by weight boron each, also in the form an aluminum-boron master alloy, mixed, each after addition a response time of more than 20 hours in a subset and then the respective proportion of the above-mentioned interference elements was measured.
Nach Zugabe der ersten Teilmenge und einer Reaktionszeit von 24 Stunden reduzierte sich der Anteil an Vanadium in der Schmelze um durchschnittlich 50 % und derjenige von Zirkonium sowie Chrom um jeweils 33 %. Der Anteil an Titan war um etwa 60 % zurückgegangen. Der Borgehalt in der Schmelze hatte sich dabei auf 0,0005 Gew.-% abgebaut. Nach Zugabe der zweiten Teilmenge an Bor und einer nochmaligen Wartezeit von 24 Stunden reduzierte sich der Anteil an Vanadium um insgesamt 90 % gegenüber dem Ausgangswert und derjenige von Zirkonium sowie Chrom um jeweils 60 %. Der Titananteil hatte sich nach der zweiten Reinigungsprozedur um mehr als 90 % verringert. Der Boranteil war weiterhin gering.After adding the first portion and a reaction time of 24 hours the proportion of vanadium in the melt was reduced by an average 50% and that of zirconium and chrome by 33% each. The share of Titan was down about 60%. The boron content in the melt had degraded to 0.0005% by weight. After adding the second subset on boron and another waiting time of 24 hours, the Share of vanadium by a total of 90% compared to the initial value and that of zirconium and chrome by 60% each. The titanium portion had decreases by more than 90% after the second cleaning procedure. The Boron content was still low.
Beim Vergießen zeigte die Schmelze ein deutlich verbessertes Füll- und Fließverhalten und an den fertigen Gussteilen konnte eine merklich erhöhte Gussqualität und insbesondere eine wesentlich geringere Gussporosität nachgewiesen werden.When casting, the melt showed a significantly improved filling and flow behavior and on the finished castings there was a noticeably increased casting quality and in particular a much lower casting porosity has been demonstrated become.
Claims (6)
mehrmaliges Zumischen von Bor-Teilmengen zur Schmelze mit jeweils anschließendem Verweilen der Schmelze für die Dauer der Reaktionszeit.A method according to claim 1, characterized by
repeated admixing of boron aliquots to the melt with subsequent subsequent residence of the melt for the duration of the reaction time.
der Schmelze das Bor in Form einer Aluminium-Bor-Vorlegierung zugemischt wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
the boron is added to the melt in the form of an aluminum-boron master alloy.
eine Reaktionszeit von mindestens einer Stunde eingehalten wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
a response time of at least one hour is observed.
die Aluminium-Gusslegierung nach Ablauf der Reaktionszeit einer weiteren, an sich bekannten Schmelzebehandlung zum Zwecke der Kornfeinung unterzogen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
the cast aluminum alloy is subjected to a further, known melt treatment for the purpose of grain refinement after the reaction time.
der Schmelze zum Zwecke der Kornfeinung nach Ablauf der Reaktionszeit eine Titan-Bor-Vorlegierung zugemischt wird.A method according to claim 5, characterized in that
a titanium-boron master alloy is mixed into the melt for the purpose of grain refinement after the reaction time has elapsed.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10127753A DE10127753A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Removing impurity alloying components from an aluminum cast alloy comprises completely melting the cast alloy, mixing with boron, casting the melt, and removing or retaining solids produced from the melt before or during casting |
| DE10127753 | 2001-06-07 | ||
| DE10157722 | 2001-11-24 | ||
| DE2001157722 DE10157722A1 (en) | 2001-11-24 | 2001-11-24 | Removing impurity alloying components from an aluminum cast alloy comprises completely melting the cast alloy, mixing with boron, casting the melt, and removing or retaining solids produced from the melt before or during casting |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1264903A2 true EP1264903A2 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| EP1264903A3 EP1264903A3 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
| EP1264903B1 EP1264903B1 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
Family
ID=26009486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20020009964 Expired - Lifetime EP1264903B1 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-05-03 | Refining of aluminium casting alloys by boron addition |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1264903B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50208178D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2271139T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010060670A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Martinrea Honsel Germany Gmbh | Cylinder head for combustion engines made of aluminum alloy |
| CN103572081A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏江旭铸造集团有限公司 | Casting process of 7475 aluminium alloy slab ingot |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0099948A1 (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1984-02-08 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Process for producing high-purity aluminum |
| US4507150A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1985-03-26 | Alcan International Limited | Removal of impurities from molten aluminium |
| DE3608713A1 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-10-09 | Cabot Corp., Boston, Mass. | GRAIN IMPROVERS FOR ALUMINUM CONTAINING SILICON |
| EP0521580A1 (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-07 | KBM-Metaalindustrie B.V. | Process for the preparation of a grain refiner |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0885832A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-04-02 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method for melting aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| RU2084548C1 (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1997-07-20 | Акционерное общество "Красноярский металлургический завод" | Method of cleaning of aluminium and its alloys of heavy metal impurities |
-
2002
- 2002-05-03 EP EP20020009964 patent/EP1264903B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 DE DE50208178T patent/DE50208178D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 ES ES02009964T patent/ES2271139T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0099948A1 (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1984-02-08 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Process for producing high-purity aluminum |
| US4507150A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1985-03-26 | Alcan International Limited | Removal of impurities from molten aluminium |
| DE3608713A1 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-10-09 | Cabot Corp., Boston, Mass. | GRAIN IMPROVERS FOR ALUMINUM CONTAINING SILICON |
| EP0521580A1 (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-07 | KBM-Metaalindustrie B.V. | Process for the preparation of a grain refiner |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 199623 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class M25, AN 1996-225257 XP002246253 & JP 08 085832 A (KOBE STEEL LTD), 2. April 1996 (1996-04-02) * |
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 199811 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class M25, AN 1998-119109 XP002246252 & RU 2 084 548 C (KRASY METAL WKS), 20. Juli 1997 (1997-07-20) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010060670A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Martinrea Honsel Germany Gmbh | Cylinder head for combustion engines made of aluminum alloy |
| CN103572081A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏江旭铸造集团有限公司 | Casting process of 7475 aluminium alloy slab ingot |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50208178D1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| EP1264903A3 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
| EP1264903B1 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| ES2271139T3 (en) | 2007-04-16 |
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