EP1264079B1 - Distributor for an exhaust gas turbine with an axial flow - Google Patents

Distributor for an exhaust gas turbine with an axial flow Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1264079B1
EP1264079B1 EP01907304A EP01907304A EP1264079B1 EP 1264079 B1 EP1264079 B1 EP 1264079B1 EP 01907304 A EP01907304 A EP 01907304A EP 01907304 A EP01907304 A EP 01907304A EP 1264079 B1 EP1264079 B1 EP 1264079B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vane
guide
shank
ring
adjusting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01907304A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1264079A1 (en
Inventor
Detlef Behrendt
Jozef Baets
Martin Seiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accelleron Industries AG
Original Assignee
ABB Turbo Systems AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1264079A1 publication Critical patent/EP1264079A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/33—Arrangement of components symmetrical

Definitions

  • a diffuser according to the preamble of This diffuser is connected upstream of an axially impinged exhaust gas turbine and has in an exhaust-carrying flow channel axially symmetrical to the turbine axis arranged guide vanes, which in each case pivotable about a radially guided axis are, and a the guide vanes about the pivot axis adjusting pivoting device.
  • the size of the diffuser can be such a diffuser
  • Exhaust gas flow cross-sectional area of the flow channel can be changed and can the exhaust gas turbine in a particularly advantageous manner to changing exhaust gas flows be adapted as they deliver the exhaust gas at about part load operation Internal combustion engine occur.
  • Such a distributor is, for example, in EP 0 131 719 B1, in particular Embodiment according to Figures 3 to 5, described.
  • this diffuser is concentric with the turbine runner wheel in one direction resistant with an adjusting force acted adjusting ring provided, which is arranged radially outwardly in the flow channel is.
  • Each of the vanes is radially oriented and in the region of Shovel front edge located pivot axis. The trailing edge of each vane lies on an end face of the adjusting ring.
  • the vanes By adjusting the adjusting ring parallel to the Turbine axis, the vanes can be pivoted between two end positions and it can be achieved as a uniform flow of the turbine runner. In Dependent on the strength of the exhaust gas flow, the vanes automatically adjust in the most favorable angular position.
  • each guide devices are disclosed in to each of the vanes through a housing wall radially outwardly of the Flow channel guided blade shank is attached.
  • the shovel shaft is with his outwardly guided part rotatably mounted about a pivot axis.
  • adjusting the vanes by means of a each shaft end attached toothed segment causes, each with an outside of the Flow channel arranged and rotatable about the turbine axis sprocket interacts.
  • the invention as defined in the claims solves the problem, a Specify the diffuser of the type mentioned, which despite a simple structure even with difficult operating conditions characterized by great reliability.
  • a collar which is part of one of the type mentioned Leitapparates is According to the invention stored with its outer surface on rolling elements, each as one-armed levers are executed and on a designed as a support ring component of a Housing wall are pivotally mounted.
  • This storage is a self-locking the Leitapparats countered.
  • the diffuser is therefore characterized by a large Operational safety and a long life and can also in extremely easy Be wise manner with adjusting.
  • each one attached to the collar guide cam in the lever arm can intervene. It is also very favorable to provide guide grooves in these ends, which each lead a portion of the adjusting ring.
  • the guide grooves each have one resting on the outer surface of the adjusting ring, curved in opposite directions to the outer surface Groove on, on which a portion of the outside of the ring can roll.
  • Undesirable large bearing forces on the shovel shaft are avoided when the after externally guided part of the blade shank on two radially offset from each other arranged bearings is held.
  • the bearings are advantageous in the as a support ring trained component of the housing wall arranged.
  • the support ring and the at the Bearing points pivotally guided vanes can then extremely easy in the Installed exhaust gas or - if desired - easily easily removed. Low bearing forces at the two bearing points are guaranteed with certainty, if the Bearings are far apart. Therefore, the support ring in the radial direction one big height.
  • the reliability and service life of the diffuser can affect the support ring on its inside by a Flow channel to the outside limiting relief ring of the hot exhaust gases shielded leading flow channel. Although the support ring on its outside with Ambient air comes into contact, can in this way large thermal loads be greatly reduced.
  • the in Diaphragm according to the invention provided lever at one end with each be connected to the blade shank and at its other end in a groove of the adjusting ring be guided.
  • This can be achieved by simple means with advantage in that the Adjusting lever is attached to the blade shank, and that on the lever on the Adjusting ring supported spacers is attached. The spacer then ensures that regardless of the position of the control lever always a safe and good power transmission is ensured by the collar on the shovel shaft, and that self-locking of the Diaphragm according to the invention is avoided with certainty.
  • Is in the support ring a connectable with a coolant source cooling channel formed, which is guided over the housing passages of the blade shafts in the flow channel, so Be lifetime and reliability of the diffuser according to the invention additionally elevated. At the same time thereby the escape of hot and aggressive exhaust gas from the Flow channel can be avoided with great certainty.
  • FIG. 1 is from an exhaust gas turbocharger, only the turbine part with an exhaust gas turbine shown.
  • Exhaust gas turbine has a rotatable about an axis 1 rotor 2 with a turbine runner and attached rotor blades 3 and a turbine housing 4 and a nozzle 5 with an axially symmetrical to the turbine axis 1 arranged ring of adjustable Guide vanes 6 and with a pivoting device 7.
  • the vanes 6 can each through Turning about a guided in the radial direction axis 8 in any angular positions between two end positions are pivoted.
  • the rotor 2 is in gas-tight manner from the turbine housing 4 to a not shown Led bearing point and carries at its left in Fig. 1 end one of the figure 1 no longer visible compressor wheel.
  • the turbine housing 4 contains a gas inlet housing 9 with an axisymmetric arranged inlet opening 10 and a gas outlet housing 12 with a radial aligned outlet opening 13. Between inlet opening 10 and outlet opening 13th extends a limited by the turbine housing 4 flow channel 14.
  • Inlet opening 10 is symbolized by arrows hot exhaust gas 15 from a not shown exhaust gas source, in particular an internal combustion engine supplied.
  • This hot Exhaust gas 15 is first in a direction aligned in the direction of the turbine axis 1 section the flow channel 14 out. In this section, the exhaust gas 15 via the Guides 6 and the blades 3 out. Downstream of the blades 3 occurs that Exhaust gas 15 in a limited by the gas outlet housing 12 section of the Flow channel 14 in which it led away from the axis 1 to the outside and over Finally, the outlet opening 13 is removed from the turbine housing 4.
  • the nozzle 5 is at a between the gas inlet 9 and the gas outlet housing 12 by means of screws clamped support ring 16 is held. Between the two housings 9 and 12 is also a clamped by the support ring 16 thermally decoupled relief ring 17, which the Flow channel 14 in the region of the vanes 6 radially outwardly limited and thereby shields the support ring 16 against the direct effect of the hot exhaust gases and thus thermally relieved.
  • An attached to each of the vanes 6 blade shank 18 is through acting as a housing wall rings 17 and 16 radially outwardly of the Flow channel 14 out.
  • the blade shank 18 is with its outwardly guided part rotatably supported about the pivot axis 8.
  • the rotary motion is initiated by a arranged outside the flow channel 14 and rotatable about the turbine axis 1 Adjusting ring 19 and a torque from the adjusting ring 19 on the blade shank 18 each Guide vane transmitting control lever 20.
  • the blade shank 18 is attached to the guide blade 6 in such a way that the Swivel axis 8 between the front edge 21 and one of the blade pressure points connecting line 22 of the vane runs. This ensures that the Exhaust gas flow, the guide vane 6 always loaded with a defined torque, thereby undesirable fluttering and swinging of the vane during operation of the vane Exhaust gas turbine can be largely suppressed.
  • the outwardly guided part of the blade shaft 18 is at two radially against each other staggered locations 23, 24 stored.
  • the two bearings 23, 24 are in the as Section of the housing 4 used support ring 16 is arranged. As between support ring 16 and flow channel 14 of the relief ring 17 is located, the support ring 16 in the radial Direction are large without being concerned that he is undesirably high is exposed to thermal stresses.
  • the two bearings 23 and 24 can therefore in be arranged relatively far apart radial direction, whereby of the Lagerstellen23, 24 large bearing forces are kept away.
  • the adjusting lever 20 is at its one end by plugging with the blade shank 18th connected.
  • the end of the Schaufelschaft 18 two arranged on the type of forks claws, which on two plane-parallel guided holding surfaces of the blade shank 18 are attached.
  • the Holding surfaces are arranged between the two bearing points 23, 24. It can be on this Way in the radial direction space can be saved.
  • the Adjusting lever 20 is guided in a groove 25 of the adjusting ring 19. This groove 25 is limited by two in essentially radially guided groove walls, which seen in the circumferential direction of the adjusting ring 19 have a distance from each other, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the actuating lever 20.
  • the depth of the groove 25 is dimensioned slightly larger than the diameter of the Stellhebels 20. By this dimensioning of the groove 25 is a jam-free leadership of Adjusting lever 20 when executing a caused by turning the adjusting ring 19 Pivoting movement about the pivot axis 8 ensured. By a on the lever 20 attached and supported on the collar 19 spacers 26 ensures that the connector between the lever 20 and blade shank 18 in the execution of Pivoting movement is not affected.
  • FIG 3 is a lever 20 of another embodiment of the nozzle 5 after Invention shown. Also, this lever is attached to the blade shank 18. in the Difference to the previously described lever 20 is at this lever 20, however, a fastened from a sheet steel, sheet-shaped fuse element 33 is attached.
  • This Securing element 33 has an elastically deformable fork-shaped end 34 on.
  • the fork 34 is first spread and engages after completion of the Aufsteckvorganges the blade shank 18 to form a spreading.
  • To the Adjusting lever 20 to keep as free of play in the radial direction are in the cylindrical executed blade shank 18 only in the region of the connector with the lever 20 two of Figure 3 apparent plan guided side surfaces molded.
  • the Moment transmission from the adjusting ring 19 on the blade shank is characterized by a particularly high level of security, since in contrast to the spacer 26 the Securing element 33 during operation of the diffuser only with relatively small Strain deformation forces is charged.
  • the adjusting ring 19 is mounted with its outer surface on Wälzkörpem. As in particular from 4, it can be seen that these rolling elements are pivotally mounted on the support ring 16 one-armed lever 27 executed. At the end remote from the support ring 16 end of each lever 27th a gate is provided into which a guide ring 19 attached to the guide cam 28 engages. Further, in this end of the lever and a recording of a portion of the adjusting ring 19 serving guide groove 29 formed with a on the outer surface of the adjusting ring 19th resting, opposite to the outer surface curved and serving as Wälz Structure Groove base.
  • a channel 31 is formed in the support ring 16, a channel 31 is formed.
  • This channel can after removal of a cap 32 ( Figure 4) with a coolant source, such as Output of a charge air cooler to be connected.
  • the channel 31 is over the Housing passages for the blade shafts 18 guided in the flow channel 14. in the Channel-guided compressed air ensures effective cooling of the nozzle 5 and prevents by overflow into the flow channel 14, the entry of hot exhaust gases in the Diffuser.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Leitapparat nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Dieser Leitapparat ist einer axial angeströmten Abgasturbine vorgeschaltet und weist in einem abgasführenden Strömungskanal axialsymmetrisch zur Turbinenachse angeordnete Leitschaufeln auf, welche jeweils um eine radial geführte Achse schwenkbar sind, und eine die Leitschaufeln um die Schwenkachse verstellende Schwenkvorrichtung. Mit einem solchen Leitapparat kann durch Schwenken der Leitschaufeln die Grösse der vom Abgas durchströmten Querschnittsfläche des Strömungskanals verändert werden und kann die Abgasturbine so in besonders vorteilhafter Weise an sich verändernde Abgasströmungen angepasst werden, wie sie etwa bei Teillastbetrieb eines das Abgas liefernden Verbrennungsmotors auftreten.In the invention, it is assumed that a diffuser according to the preamble of This diffuser is connected upstream of an axially impinged exhaust gas turbine and has in an exhaust-carrying flow channel axially symmetrical to the turbine axis arranged guide vanes, which in each case pivotable about a radially guided axis are, and a the guide vanes about the pivot axis adjusting pivoting device. With By pivoting the guide vanes, the size of the diffuser can be such a diffuser Exhaust gas flow cross-sectional area of the flow channel can be changed and can the exhaust gas turbine in a particularly advantageous manner to changing exhaust gas flows be adapted as they deliver the exhaust gas at about part load operation Internal combustion engine occur.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Ein derartiger Leitapparat ist beispielsweise in EP 0 131 719 B1, insbesondere Ausführungsform gemäss den Figuren 3 bis 5, beschrieben. Bei diesem Leitapparat ist konzentrisch zum Turbinenlaufradrad ein in einer Richtung beständig mit einer Verstellkraft beaufschlagter Verstellring vorgesehen, welcher im Strömungskanal radial aussen angeordnet ist. Jede der Leitschaufeln ist um eine radial ausgerichtete und im Bereich der Schaufelvorderkante befindliche Achse schwenkbar. Die Hinterkante jeder Leitschaufel liegt an einer Stirnfläche des Verstellrings an. Durch Verstellen des Verstellrings parallel zur Turbinenachse können die Leitschaufeln zwischen zwei Endstellungen geschwenkt werden und es kann so eine gleichförmige Anströmung des Turbinenlaufrads erreicht werden. In Abhängigkeit von der Stärke der Abgasströmung stellen sich die Leitschaufeln automatisch in die jeweils günstigste Winkelstellung ein. Such a distributor is, for example, in EP 0 131 719 B1, in particular Embodiment according to Figures 3 to 5, described. In this diffuser is concentric with the turbine runner wheel in one direction resistant with an adjusting force acted adjusting ring provided, which is arranged radially outwardly in the flow channel is. Each of the vanes is radially oriented and in the region of Shovel front edge located pivot axis. The trailing edge of each vane lies on an end face of the adjusting ring. By adjusting the adjusting ring parallel to the Turbine axis, the vanes can be pivoted between two end positions and it can be achieved as a uniform flow of the turbine runner. In Dependent on the strength of the exhaust gas flow, the vanes automatically adjust in the most favorable angular position.

In der DE-C1-36 23 001 und der DE-C2-41 00 224 sind jeweils Leitapparate offenbart, bei denen an jede der Leitschaufeln ein durch eine Gehäusewand radial nach aussen aus dem Strömungskanal geführter Schaufelschaft angesetzt ist. Der Schaufelschaft ist mit seinem nach aussen geführten Teil um eine Schwenkachse drehbar gelagert. Bei dem in der DE-C2-41 00 224 offenbarten Leitapparat wird das Verstellen der Leitschaufeln mittels eines an jedem Schaftende befestigten Zahnsegmentes bewirkt, das jeweils mit einem ausserhalb des Strömungskanals angeordneten und um die Turbinenachse drehbaren Zahnkranz zusammenwirkt.In DE-C1-36 23 001 and DE-C2-41 00 224 each guide devices are disclosed in to each of the vanes through a housing wall radially outwardly of the Flow channel guided blade shank is attached. The shovel shaft is with his outwardly guided part rotatably mounted about a pivot axis. In the in DE-C2-41 00 224 disclosed adjusting the vanes by means of a each shaft end attached toothed segment causes, each with an outside of the Flow channel arranged and rotatable about the turbine axis sprocket interacts.

Beim Leitapparat der DE-C1-36 23 001 erfolgt das Verstellen der Leitschaufeln durch einen ausserhalb des Strömungskanals angeordneten und um die Turbinenachse drehbaren Stellring sowie einen ein Drehmoment vom Stellring auf den Schaufelschaft jeder Leitschaufel übertragenden Stellhebel. Der Stellring ist mittels Wälzkörpern verdrehbar auf Verbindungslaschen eines Befestigungsringes gelagert, der am Turbinengehäuse befestigt ist. Aufgrund der grossen Kräfte, die beim Verstellen des Stellringes übertragen werden müssen, birgt diese Konstruktion, die Gefahr, dass die Bauteile sich verklemmen und es zu einer Selbsthemmung kommt. Siehe hierzu auch CH-A-558 477.When Leitapparat DE-C1-36 23 001, the adjustment of the vanes is done by a arranged outside the flow channel and rotatable about the turbine axis Adjusting ring and a torque from the adjusting ring on the blade shank of each vane transmitting lever. The adjusting ring is rotatable by means of rolling elements Bearing connecting straps mounted a mounting ring which is attached to the turbine housing is. Due to the large forces that are transmitted when adjusting the adjusting ring If this construction entails the risk of the components jamming and becoming jammed a self-locking comes. See also CH-A-558 477.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen definiert ist, löst die Aufgabe, einen Leitapparat der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welcher sich trotz einfachen Aufbaus auch bei erschwerten Betriebsbedingungen durch grosse Zuverlässigkeit auszeichnet.The invention as defined in the claims solves the problem, a Specify the diffuser of the type mentioned, which despite a simple structure even with difficult operating conditions characterized by great reliability.

Ein Stellring, der Teil eines der eingangs genannten Art gehörenden Leitapparates ist, ist erfindungsgemäss mit seiner Aussenfläche auf Wälzkörpern gelagert, die jeweils als einarmige Hebel ausgeführt sind und an einem als Tragring ausgebildeten Bauteil einer Gehäusewand schwenkbar gelagert sind. Durch diese Lagerung wird einer Selbsthemmung des Leitapparats entgegengetreten. Der Leitapparat zeichnet sich daher durch eine grosse Betriebssicherheit und eine lange Lebensdauer aus und kann zudem in äusserst einfacher Weise mit Verstellkraft beaufschlagt werden. A collar, which is part of one of the type mentioned Leitapparates is According to the invention stored with its outer surface on rolling elements, each as one-armed levers are executed and on a designed as a support ring component of a Housing wall are pivotally mounted. This storage is a self-locking the Leitapparats countered. The diffuser is therefore characterized by a large Operational safety and a long life and can also in extremely easy Be wise manner with adjusting.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die vom Tragring abgewandten Enden der Hebelarme so auszugestalten, dass jeweils eine am Stellring befestigte Führungsnocke in den Hebelarm eingreifen kann. Ebenfalls sehr günstig ist es, in diesen Enden Führungsnuten vorzusehen, welche jeweils einen Abschnitt des Stellrings führen. Die Führungsnuten weisen jeweils einen auf der Aussenfläche des Stellrings aufliegenden, gegenläufig zur Aussenfläche gekrümmten Nutgrund auf, auf welchem sich ein Abschnitt der Aussenseite des Rings abwälzen kann.It is particularly advantageous for the ends of the lever arms facing away from the support ring to be so to design that each one attached to the collar guide cam in the lever arm can intervene. It is also very favorable to provide guide grooves in these ends, which each lead a portion of the adjusting ring. The guide grooves each have one resting on the outer surface of the adjusting ring, curved in opposite directions to the outer surface Groove on, on which a portion of the outside of the ring can roll.

Unerwünscht grosse Lagerkräfte am Schaufelschaft werden vermieden, wenn der nach aussen geführte Teil des Schaufelschafts auf zwei radial gegeneinander versetzt angeordneten Lagerstellen gehalten ist. Die Lagerstellen sind mit Vorteil in dem als Tragring ausgebildeten Bauteil der Gehäusewand angeordnet. Der Tragring und die an den Lagerstellen schwenkbar geführten Leitschaufeln können dann äusserst einfach in die Abgasturbine eingebaut oder - falls erwünscht - in einfacher Weise leicht ausgebaut werden. Geringe Lagerkräfte an den beiden Lagerstellen sind mit Sicherheit gewährleistet, wenn die Lagerstellen weit auseinanderliegen. Daher weist der Tragring in radialer Richtung eine grosse Bauhöhe auf.Undesirable large bearing forces on the shovel shaft are avoided when the after externally guided part of the blade shank on two radially offset from each other arranged bearings is held. The bearings are advantageous in the as a support ring trained component of the housing wall arranged. The support ring and the at the Bearing points pivotally guided vanes can then extremely easy in the Installed exhaust gas or - if desired - easily easily removed. Low bearing forces at the two bearing points are guaranteed with certainty, if the Bearings are far apart. Therefore, the support ring in the radial direction one big height.

Um den Tragring vor grossen Temperaturdifferenzen und damit grossen thermischen Spannungen zu schützen, welche die Zuverlässigkeit und Lebensdauer des Leitapparates beeinträchtigen können, ist der Tragring an seiner Innenseite durch einen den Strömungskanal nach aussen begrenzenden Entlastungsring von dem heissen Abgase führenden Strömungskanal abgeschirmt. Obwohl der Tragring an seiner Aussenseite mit Umgebungsluft in Kontakt kommt, können auf dies Weise grosse thermische Belastungen stark reduziert werden.To the support ring from large temperature differences and thus large thermal To protect voltages, the reliability and service life of the diffuser can affect the support ring on its inside by a Flow channel to the outside limiting relief ring of the hot exhaust gases shielded leading flow channel. Although the support ring on its outside with Ambient air comes into contact, can in this way large thermal loads be greatly reduced.

Um eine einfache und sichere Verstellung der Leitschaufeln zu gewährleisten, sollten die im Leitapparat nach der Erfindung vorgesehenen Stellhebel an ihren einen Enden jeweils mit dem Schaufelschaft verbunden sein und an ihren anderen Ende in einer Nut des Stellrings geführt sein. Dies lässt sich mit einfachen Mitteln mit Vorteil dadurch erreichen, dass der Stellhebel auf den Schaufelschaft aufgesteckt ist, und dass am Stellhebel ein auf dem Stellring abgestützter Abstandshalter befestigt ist. Der Abstandshalter sorgt dann dafür, dass unabhängig von der Position des Stellhebels stets eine sichere und gute Kraftübertragung vom Stellring auf den Schaufelschaft gewährleistet ist, und dass Selbsthemmung des Leitapparates nach der Erfindung mit Sicherheit vermieden wird. Beim Fehlen eines Abstandshalters könnte sich der Stellhebel während des Betriebs des Leitapparats aufgrund von äusseren Kräften, wie beispielsweise Motorschwingungen, sonst vom Schaufelschaft weg in Richtung Stellring verschieben. Beim Verstellen des Leitapparates müsste der Stellring dann den Stellhebel gegen die grossen Reibungskräfte der Steckverbindung zurückschieben, was zum Klemmen und zur Selbsthemmung des Leitapparates führen könnte. Eine sichere und gute Kraftübertragung ist auch dann gewährleistet, wenn der Stellhebel auf den Schaufelschaft aufgesteckt ist, und wenn am Stellhebel ein den Schaufelschaft hintergreifendes Sicherungselement befestigt ist. Diese Kraftübertragung zeichnet sich durch eine besonders hohes Mass an Sicherheit aus, da im Unterschied zum Abstandshalter das Sicherungselement während des Betriebs des Leitapparates nur mit relativ geringen Formänderungskräften belastet wird. In jedem Fall ist es jedoch sehr zu empfehlen, den Stellhebel an seinem in der Nut des Stellrings geführten Ende nach Art eines Kugelkopfes auszubilden, da dann Kraft bzw. Drehmoment vom Stellring praktisch spielfrei auf den Schaufelschaft übertragen wird. Aus Gründen der Platzersparnis empfiehlt es sich, jeden der Stellhebel zwischen den beiden Lagerstellen mit dem Schaufelschaft zu verbinden.To ensure easy and safe adjustment of the vanes, the in Diaphragm according to the invention provided lever at one end with each be connected to the blade shank and at its other end in a groove of the adjusting ring be guided. This can be achieved by simple means with advantage in that the Adjusting lever is attached to the blade shank, and that on the lever on the Adjusting ring supported spacers is attached. The spacer then ensures that regardless of the position of the control lever always a safe and good power transmission is ensured by the collar on the shovel shaft, and that self-locking of the Diaphragm according to the invention is avoided with certainty. In the absence of a Spacer could be the lever during operation of the distributor due to from external forces, such as engine vibrations, otherwise away from the blade shank move in the direction of the adjusting ring. When adjusting the diffuser would have the collar then push the lever back against the large frictional forces of the connector, which could lead to jamming and self-locking of the diffuser. A safe and good power transmission is ensured even when the lever on the Shovel shaft is attached, and if the lever on the shovel shaft behind engaging securing element is attached. This power transmission is characterized a particularly high level of security, as in contrast to the spacer the Fuse element during operation of the diffuser only with relatively small Strain deformation forces is charged. In any case, it is highly recommended that Adjusting lever at its guided in the groove of the adjusting ring end in the manner of a ball head form, since then force or torque from the collar practically backlash on the Shovel shaft is transmitted. For reasons of space savings, it is recommended that each of the Adjust the lever between the two bearing points with the shovel shaft.

Ist in den Tragring ein mit einer Kühlmittelquelle verbindbarer Kühlkanal eingeformt, welcher über die Gehäusedurchführungen der Schaufelschäfte in den Strömungskanal geführt ist, so werden Lebensdauer und Betriebssicherheit des Leitapparates nach der Erfindung zusätzlich erhöht. Zugleich kann hierdurch das Austreten von heissem und aggressivem Abgas aus dem Strömungskanal mit grosser Sicherheit vermieden werden.Is in the support ring a connectable with a coolant source cooling channel formed, which is guided over the housing passages of the blade shafts in the flow channel, so Be lifetime and reliability of the diffuser according to the invention additionally elevated. At the same time thereby the escape of hot and aggressive exhaust gas from the Flow channel can be avoided with great certainty.

Es ist empfehlenswert, den Schaufelschaft derart an die Leitschaufel anzusetzen, dass die Schwenkachse zwischen der Vorderkante und einer die Schaufeldruckpunkte verbindenden Linie der Leitschaufel verläuft. Die Schaufeln sind dann stets mit einem durch die Abgasströmung erzeugten definierten Drehmoment belastet. Bei bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen sonst möglicherweise entstehendes Schwingen der Leitschaufel kann so mit Sicherheit vermieden oder zumindest wesentlich unterdrückt werden. Bei Ausfall des Leitapparates werden die Leitschaufeln dann durch die Abgasströmung geöffnet, wodurch die Drehzahl des Abgasturbine herabgesetzt und ein Überdrehen vermieden wird. It is recommended to attach the blade shank to the vane so that the Pivot axis between the leading edge and a blade pressure points connecting Line of the vane runs. The blades are always with one through the Exhaust gas flow generated defined torque loaded. For certain Operating conditions otherwise possibly arising swinging of the vane can so certainly avoided or at least significantly suppressed. In case of failure of Diaphragm, the vanes are then opened by the exhaust flow, causing the Reduced speed of the exhaust turbine and overspeeding is avoided.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Aufsicht auf einen längs der Turbinenachse geführten Schnitt durch den Turbinenteil eines Abgasturboladers mit einer ersten Ausführungsform des Leitapparats nach der Erfindung,
Fig.2
einen vergrössert dargestellten Ausschnitt aus Fig.1,
Fig.3
eine Draufsicht auf einen Stellhebel einer zweiten Ausführungsform des Leitapparates nach der Erfindung, und
Fig.4
eine Draufsicht in Richtung eines Pfeils IV auf das Gaseintrittsgehäuse und den Leitapparat des Turbinenteils gemäss Fig.1 in perspektivischer Darstellung.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments. Hereby shows:
Fig.1
a plan view of a guided along the turbine axis section through the turbine part of an exhaust gas turbocharger with a first embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention,
Fig.2
an enlarged detail of Fig.1,
Figure 3
a plan view of a lever of a second embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention, and
Figure 4
a plan view in the direction of an arrow IV on the gas inlet housing and the diffuser of the turbine part according to Figure 1 in a perspective view.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In allen Figuren beziehen sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleichwirkende Teile. In Figur 1 ist von einem Abgasturbolader lediglich das Turbinenteil mit einer Abgasturbine dargestellt. Diese Abgasturbine weist einen um eine Achse 1 drehbaren Rotor 2 mit einem Turbinenlaufrad und daran befestigten Laufschaufeln 3 auf sowie ein Turbinengehäuse 4 und ein Leitapparat 5 mit einem axialsymmetrisch zur Turbinenachse 1 angeordneten Kranz von verstellbaren Leitschaufeln 6 und mit einer Schwenkvorrichtung 7. Die Leitschaufeln 6 können jeweils durch Drehen um eine in radialer Richtung geführte Achse 8 in beliebige Winkelpositionen zwischen zwei Endstellungen geschwenkt werden.In all figures, like reference numerals refer to like-acting parts. In Figure 1 is from an exhaust gas turbocharger, only the turbine part with an exhaust gas turbine shown. These Exhaust gas turbine has a rotatable about an axis 1 rotor 2 with a turbine runner and attached rotor blades 3 and a turbine housing 4 and a nozzle 5 with an axially symmetrical to the turbine axis 1 arranged ring of adjustable Guide vanes 6 and with a pivoting device 7. The vanes 6 can each through Turning about a guided in the radial direction axis 8 in any angular positions between two end positions are pivoted.

Der Rotor 2 ist in gasdichter Weise aus dem Turbinengehäuse 4 zu einer nicht dargestellten Lagerstelle geführt und trägt an seinem in Fig. 1 links gelegenen Ende ein aus der Figur 1 nicht mehr ersichtliches Verdichterrad. The rotor 2 is in gas-tight manner from the turbine housing 4 to a not shown Led bearing point and carries at its left in Fig. 1 end one of the figure 1 no longer visible compressor wheel.

Das Turbinengehäuse 4 enthält ein Gaseintrittsgehäuse 9 mit einer axialsymmetrisch angeordneten Eintrittsöffnung 10 und ein Gasaustrittsgehäuse 12 mit einer radial ausgerichteten Austrittsöffnung 13. Zwischen Eintrittsöffnung 10 und Austrittsöffnung 13 erstreckt sich ein vom Turbinengehäuse 4 begrenzter Strömungskanal 14. Durch die Eintrittsöffnung 10 wird mittels Pfeilen symbolisiertes heisses Abgas 15 aus einer nicht dargestellten Abgasquelle, insbesondere einem Verbrennungsmotor, zugeführt. Dieses heisse Abgas 15 wird zunächst in einem in Richtung der Turbinenachse 1 ausgerichteten Abschnitt des Strömungskanals 14 geführt. In diesem Abschnitt wird das Abgas 15 über die Leitschaufeln 6 und die Laufschaufeln 3 geführt. Stromabwärts der Laufschaufeln 3 tritt das Abgas 15 in einen durch das Gasaustrittsgehäuse 12 begrenzten Abschnitt des Strömungskanals 14 ein, in welchem es von der Achse 1 nach aussen weggeführt und über die Austrittsöffnung 13 schliesslich aus dem Turbinengehäuse 4 entfernt wird.The turbine housing 4 contains a gas inlet housing 9 with an axisymmetric arranged inlet opening 10 and a gas outlet housing 12 with a radial aligned outlet opening 13. Between inlet opening 10 and outlet opening 13th extends a limited by the turbine housing 4 flow channel 14. By the Inlet opening 10 is symbolized by arrows hot exhaust gas 15 from a not shown exhaust gas source, in particular an internal combustion engine supplied. This hot Exhaust gas 15 is first in a direction aligned in the direction of the turbine axis 1 section the flow channel 14 out. In this section, the exhaust gas 15 via the Guides 6 and the blades 3 out. Downstream of the blades 3 occurs that Exhaust gas 15 in a limited by the gas outlet housing 12 section of the Flow channel 14 in which it led away from the axis 1 to the outside and over Finally, the outlet opening 13 is removed from the turbine housing 4.

Aus Figur 2 sind die Einzelheiten des Leitapparats 5 ersichtlich. Der Leitapparat 5 ist an einem zwischen dem Gaseintritts- 9 und dem Gasaustrittsgehäuse 12 mittels Schrauben eingespannten Tragring 16 gehalten. Zwischen den beiden Gehäusen 9 und 12 ist ferner ein vom Tragring 16 thermisch entkoppelter Entlastungsring 17 eingespannt, welcher den Strömungskanal 14 im Bereich der Leitschaufeln 6 radial nach aussen begrenzt und dadurch den Tragring 16 gegenüber der direkten Wirkung der heissen Abgase abschirmt und damit thermisch entlastet. Ein an jede der Leitschaufeln 6 angesetzter Schaufelschaft 18 ist durch die als Gehäusewand wirkenden Ringe 17 und 16 radial nach aussen aus dem Strömungskanal 14 geführt. Der Schaufelschaft 18 ist mit seinem nach aussen geführten Teil um die Schwenkachse 8 drehbar gelagert. Die Drehbewegung wird eingeleitet durch einen ausserhalb des Strömungskanals 14 angeordneten und um die Turbinenachse 1 drehbaren Stellring 19 sowie einen ein Drehmoment vom Stellring 19 auf den Schaufelschaft 18 jeder Leitschaufel übertragenden Stellhebel 20.From Figure 2, the details of the nozzle 5 can be seen. The nozzle 5 is at a between the gas inlet 9 and the gas outlet housing 12 by means of screws clamped support ring 16 is held. Between the two housings 9 and 12 is also a clamped by the support ring 16 thermally decoupled relief ring 17, which the Flow channel 14 in the region of the vanes 6 radially outwardly limited and thereby shields the support ring 16 against the direct effect of the hot exhaust gases and thus thermally relieved. An attached to each of the vanes 6 blade shank 18 is through acting as a housing wall rings 17 and 16 radially outwardly of the Flow channel 14 out. The blade shank 18 is with its outwardly guided part rotatably supported about the pivot axis 8. The rotary motion is initiated by a arranged outside the flow channel 14 and rotatable about the turbine axis 1 Adjusting ring 19 and a torque from the adjusting ring 19 on the blade shank 18 each Guide vane transmitting control lever 20.

Ersichtlich ist der Schaufelschaft 18 derart an die Leitschaufel 6 angesetzt, dass die Schwenkachse 8 zwischen der Vorderkante 21 und einer die Schaufeldruckpunkte verbindenden Linie 22 der Leitschaufel verläuft. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Abgasströmung die Leitschaufel 6 stets mit einem definierten Drehmoment belastet, wodurch unerwünschtes Flattern und Schwingen der Leitschaufel während des Betriebs der Abgasturbine weitgehend unterdrückt werden.Obviously, the blade shank 18 is attached to the guide blade 6 in such a way that the Swivel axis 8 between the front edge 21 and one of the blade pressure points connecting line 22 of the vane runs. This ensures that the Exhaust gas flow, the guide vane 6 always loaded with a defined torque, thereby undesirable fluttering and swinging of the vane during operation of the vane Exhaust gas turbine can be largely suppressed.

Der nach aussen geführte Teil des Schaufelschafts 18 ist an zwei radial gegeneinander versetzt angeordneten Stellen 23, 24 gelagert. Die beiden Lagerstellen 23, 24 sind in dem als Abschnitt des Gehäuses 4 verwendeten Tragring 16 angeordnet. Da sich zwischen Tragring 16 und Strömungskanal 14 der Entlastungsring 17 befindet, kann der Tragring 16 in radialer Richtung gross bemessen werden, ohne dass zu befürchten ist, dass er unerwünscht hohen thermischen Spannungen ausgesetzt ist. Die beiden Lagerstellen 23 und 24 können daher in radialer Richtung relativ weit auseinander liegend angeordnet sein, wodurch von den Lagerstellen23, 24 grosse Lagerkräften ferngehalten werden.The outwardly guided part of the blade shaft 18 is at two radially against each other staggered locations 23, 24 stored. The two bearings 23, 24 are in the as Section of the housing 4 used support ring 16 is arranged. As between support ring 16 and flow channel 14 of the relief ring 17 is located, the support ring 16 in the radial Direction are large without being worried that he is undesirably high is exposed to thermal stresses. The two bearings 23 and 24 can therefore in be arranged relatively far apart radial direction, whereby of the Lagerstellen23, 24 large bearing forces are kept away.

Der Stellhebel 20 ist an seinem einen Ende durch Aufstecken mit dem Schaufelschaft 18 verbunden. Bei der in Figur 2 dargestellten Steckverbindung weist das Ende des Schaufelschafts 18 zwei nach Art von Gabelzinken angeordnete Klauen auf, welche auf zwei planparallel geführten Halteflächen des Schaufetschaftes 18 aufgesteckt sind. Die Halteflächen sind zwischen den beiden Lagerstellen 23, 24 angeordnet. Es kann auf diese Weise in radialer Richtung Platz eingespart werden. An seinem anderen Ende ist der Stellhebel 20 in einer Nut 25 des Stellrings 19 geführt. Diese Nut 25 ist begrenzt durch zwei im wesentlichen radial geführte Nutwände, welche in Umfangsrichtung des Stellrings 19 gesehen einen Abstand voneinander haben, der etwas grösser ist als der Durchmesser des Stellhebels 20. Auch die Tiefe der Nut 25 ist etwas grösser bemessen als der Durchmesser des Stellhebels 20. Durch diese Bemessung der Nut 25 ist eine klemmfreie Führung des Stellhebels 20 beim Ausführen einer durch Drehen des Stellrings 19 bewirkten Schwenkbewegung um die Schwenkachse 8 sichergestellt. Durch einen am Stellhebel 20 befestigten und auf dem Stellring 19 abgestützten Abstandshalter 26 ist gewährleistet, dass die Steckverbindung zwischen Stellhebel 20 und Schaufelschaft 18 bei der Ausführung der Schwenkbewegung nicht beeinträchtigt wird.The adjusting lever 20 is at its one end by plugging with the blade shank 18th connected. In the connector shown in Figure 2, the end of the Schaufelschaft 18 two arranged on the type of forks claws, which on two plane-parallel guided holding surfaces of the blade shank 18 are attached. The Holding surfaces are arranged between the two bearing points 23, 24. It can be on this Way in the radial direction space can be saved. At the other end is the Adjusting lever 20 is guided in a groove 25 of the adjusting ring 19. This groove 25 is limited by two in essentially radially guided groove walls, which seen in the circumferential direction of the adjusting ring 19 have a distance from each other, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the actuating lever 20. The depth of the groove 25 is dimensioned slightly larger than the diameter of the Stellhebels 20. By this dimensioning of the groove 25 is a jam-free leadership of Adjusting lever 20 when executing a caused by turning the adjusting ring 19 Pivoting movement about the pivot axis 8 ensured. By a on the lever 20 attached and supported on the collar 19 spacers 26 ensures that the connector between the lever 20 and blade shank 18 in the execution of Pivoting movement is not affected.

In Figur 3 ist ein Stellhebel 20 einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Leitapparats 5 nach der Erfindung dargestellt. Auch dieser Stellhebel ist auf den Schaufelschaft 18 aufgesteckt. Im Unterschied zum zuvor beschriebenen Stellhebel 20 ist an diesem Stellhebel 20 jedoch ein aus einem Stahlblech geformtes, blattförmiges Sicherungselement 33 befestigt. Dieses Sicherungselement 33 weist ein elastisch verformbares gabelförmig ausgebildetes Ende 34 auf. Beim Aufstecken des Stellhebels 20 auf den zylinderförmig ausgeführten Schaufelschaft 18 wird die Gabel 34 zunächst aufgespreizt und hintergreift nach Beendigung des Aufsteckvorganges den Schaufelschaft 18 unter Bildung einer Spreizverbindung. Um dem Stellhebel 20 in radialer Richtung möglichst spielfrei zu halten, sind in den zylinderförmig ausgeführten Schaufelschaft 18 lediglich im Bereich der Steckverbindung mit dem Stellhebel 20 zwei aus Figur 3 ersichtliche plan geführte Seitenflächen eingeformt. Die Momentübertragung vom Stellring 19 auf den Schaufelschaft zeichnet sich durch eine besonders hohes Mass an Sicherheit aus, da im Unterschied zum Abstandshalter 26 das Sicherungselement 33 während des Betriebs des Leitapparates nur mit relativ geringen Formänderungskräften belastet wird.In Figure 3 is a lever 20 of another embodiment of the nozzle 5 after Invention shown. Also, this lever is attached to the blade shank 18. in the Difference to the previously described lever 20 is at this lever 20, however, a fastened from a sheet steel, sheet-shaped fuse element 33 is attached. This Securing element 33 has an elastically deformable fork-shaped end 34 on. When attaching the actuating lever 20 on the cylindrically shaped blade shank 18, the fork 34 is first spread and engages after completion of the Aufsteckvorganges the blade shank 18 to form a spreading. To the Adjusting lever 20 to keep as free of play in the radial direction are in the cylindrical executed blade shank 18 only in the region of the connector with the lever 20 two of Figure 3 apparent plan guided side surfaces molded. The Moment transmission from the adjusting ring 19 on the blade shank is characterized by a particularly high level of security, since in contrast to the spacer 26 the Securing element 33 during operation of the diffuser only with relatively small Strain deformation forces is charged.

Aus Figur 3 ist auch ersichtlich, dass der Stellhebel 20 an seinem in der Nut 25 des Stellrings 19 geführten Ende nach Art eines Kugelkopfes 35 ausgebildet ist. Eine hierbei zumindest abschnittsweise vorhandene Kugelfläche 36 wälzt sich bei einer durch Drehen des Stellrings 19 hervorgerufenen Schwenkung des Stellhebels 20 um die Schwenkachse 8 vorwiegend auf den Seitenflächen der Nut 25 ab. Kraft bzw. Drehmoment kann so praktisch spielfrei vom Stellring 19 auf den Schaufelschaft 18 übertragen werden. Diese vorteilhafte Ausbildung und Führung des Stellhebefs in der Nut 25 kann auch beim zuvor im Zusammenhang mit Figur 2 beschriebenen Stellhebel 20 vorgesehen werden.From Figure 3 it is also seen that the adjusting lever 20 at its in the groove 25 of the adjusting ring 19 guided end in the manner of a ball head 35 is formed. One here at least partially existing spherical surface 36 rolls at one by turning the adjusting ring 19 caused pivoting of the actuating lever 20 about the pivot axis 8 mainly on the side surfaces of the groove 25 from. Force or torque can be practically free from play Adjusting ring 19 are transmitted to the blade shank 18. This advantageous training and Guiding the Stellhebefs in the groove 25 can also in the previously in connection with Figure 2 be described lever 20 are provided.

Der Stellring 19 ist mit seiner Aussenfläche auf Wälzkörpem gelagert. Wie insbesondere aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, sind diese Wälzkörper als am Tragring 16 schwenkbar gelagerte einarmige Hebel 27 ausgeführt. An dem vom Tragring 16 abgewandten Ende jedes Hebels 27 ist eine Kulisse vorgesehen, in die eine am Stellring 19 befestigte Führungsnocke 28 eingreift. Ferner ist in dieses Ende des Hebels auch eine der Aufnahme eines Abschnitts des Stellrings 19 dienende Führungsnut 29 eingeformt mit einem auf der Aussenfläche des Stellrings 19 aufliegenden, gegenläufig zur Aussenfläche gekrümmten und als Wälzfläche dienendem Nutgrund. Bei einer über eine Fremdsteuerung und einen Hebel 30 eingeleiteten Drehung des Stellringes 19 wälzen sich die in den Nuten 29 geführten Abschnitte der Aussenfläche des Stellrings 19 bei gleichzeitigem Schwenken der Hebel 27 auf dem Nutgrund ab. Eine Selbsthemmung des Stellrings 16 während einer Drehbewegung wird so mit Sicherheit vermieden. The adjusting ring 19 is mounted with its outer surface on Wälzkörpem. As in particular from 4, it can be seen that these rolling elements are pivotally mounted on the support ring 16 one-armed lever 27 executed. At the end remote from the support ring 16 end of each lever 27th a gate is provided into which a guide ring 19 attached to the guide cam 28 engages. Further, in this end of the lever and a recording of a portion of the adjusting ring 19 serving guide groove 29 formed with a on the outer surface of the adjusting ring 19th resting, opposite to the outer surface curved and serving as Wälzfläche Groove base. In an introduced via an external control and a lever 30 rotation of the Adjusting ring 19, the guided in the grooves 29 sections of the outer surface of the Adjusting ring 19 with simultaneous pivoting of the lever 27 on the groove bottom. A Self-locking of the adjusting ring 16 during a rotation is so sure avoided.

Aus Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, dass in den Tragring 16 ein Kanal 31 eingeformt ist. Dieser Kanal kann nach Entfernen einer Verschlusskappe 32 (Fig.4) mit einer Kühlmittelquelle, etwa dem Ausgang eines Ladeluftkühlers, verbunden werden. Der Kanal 31 ist über die Gehäusedurchführungen für die Schaufelschäfte 18 in den Strömungskanal 14 geführt. Im Kanal geführte Druckluft sorgt für eine wirksame Kühlung des Leitapparates 5 und verhindert durch Überströmen in den Strömungskanal 14 das Eintreten von heissen Abgasen in den Leitapparat. From Figure 2 it can be seen that in the support ring 16, a channel 31 is formed. This channel can after removal of a cap 32 (Figure 4) with a coolant source, such as Output of a charge air cooler to be connected. The channel 31 is over the Housing passages for the blade shafts 18 guided in the flow channel 14. in the Channel-guided compressed air ensures effective cooling of the nozzle 5 and prevents by overflow into the flow channel 14, the entry of hot exhaust gases in the Diffuser.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Turbinenachseturbine axis
22
Rotorrotor
33
Laufschaufelnblades
44
Turbinengehäuseturbine housing
55
Leitapparatdiffuser
66
Leitschaufelvane
77
Schwenkvorrichtungswivel device
88th
Schwenkachseswivel axis
99
GaseintrittsgehäuseGas inlet casing
1010
Eintrittsöffnunginlet opening
1212
GasaustrittsgehäuseGas outlet casing
1313
Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
1414
Strömungskanalflow channel
1515
Abgasströmungexhaust gas flow
1616
Tragringsupport ring
1717
Entlastungsringrelief ring
1818
Schaufelschaftblade shank
1919
Stellringcollar
2020
Stellhebellever
2121
Vorderkanteleading edge
2222
Linie der DruckpunkteLine of pressure points
23, 2423, 24
Lagerstellenbearings
2525
Nutgroove
2626
Abstandshalterspacer
2727
Hebellever
2828
FührungsnockeKeying
2929
Führungsnutguide
3030
Hebellever
3131
Kühlkanalcooling channel
3232
Verschlusskappecap
3333
Sicherungselementfuse element
3434
gabelförmiges Endeforked end
3535
Kugelkopfball head
3636
Kugelflächespherical surface

Claims (10)

  1. Guide-vane system (5) for an axial-flow exhaust-gas turbine, in particular of a turbocharger, having
    a) guide vanes (6) which are arranged axially symmetrically to the turbine axis (1) in a flow passage (14) and of which each has a vane shank (18) led radially outward from the flow passage (14) through a casing wall,
    b) having a pivoting device (7), by means of which the guide vanes (6) can be turned about a pivot axis (8) defined by the vane shank (18), in which case
    c) the pivoting device (7) has an adjusting ring (19) mounted outside the flow passage (14) and rotatable about the turbine axis (1),
    d) and an adjusting lever (20) transmitting a torque from the adjusting ring (19) to the vane shank (18) of each guide vane (6),
    characterized in that
    e) the rolling elements are each designed as one-armed levers (27) which are mounted so as to be pivotable on a component of a casing wall, this component being designed as a supporting ring (16).
  2. Guide-vane system according to Claim 1, characterized in that in each case a guide lug (28) fastened to the adjusting ring (19) engages in that end of each lever (27) which is remote from the supporting ring (16), and a guide groove (29) serving to accommodate a section of the adjusting ring (19) is formed with a groove root which rests on the outer surface of the adjusting ring, is curved in the opposite direction to the outer surface and serves as a rolling surface.
  3. Guide-vane system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that part of the vane shank (18) which is directed outward is mounted at two points (23, 24) in the supporting ring (16) which are radially offset from one another.
  4. Guide-vane system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the supporting ring (16) is thermally relieved by a relieving ring (17) defining the flow passage (14) on the outside.
  5. Guide-vane system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adjusting lever (20) is connected to the vane shank (18) between the two bearing points (23, 24).
  6. Guide-vane system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adjusting lever (20) is detachably connected to the vane shank (18) and is secured free from backlash between vane shank and adjusting lever by means of an anti-backlash device.
  7. Guide-vane system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the adjusting lever (20) is slipped onto the vane shank (18), and the anti-backlash device is a spacer (26) supported on the adjusting ring (19).
  8. Guide-vane system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the adjusting lever (20) is slipped onto the vane shank (18), and the anti-backlash device is a locking element (33) engaging behind the vane shank (18).
  9. Guide-vane system according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a cooling passage (31) which can be connected to a coolant source is formed in the supporting ring (16) and is directed via the casing leadthroughs of the vane shanks (18) into the flow passage (14) .
  10. Guide-vane system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the vane shank (18) is connected to the guide vane (6) in such a way that the pivot axis (18) runs between the leading edge (21) of the guide vane (6) and a line (22) of the guide vane (6) which connects the vane pressure points.
EP01907304A 2000-03-17 2001-03-06 Distributor for an exhaust gas turbine with an axial flow Expired - Lifetime EP1264079B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10013335 2000-03-17
DE10013335A DE10013335A1 (en) 2000-03-17 2000-03-17 Conducting apparatus is for position alteration of conducting blades in turbocharger exhaust gas turbine has blades arranged axially symmetrically to the turbine axis in an exhaust gas flow channel and can be pivoted by a pivot device
PCT/CH2001/000139 WO2001069044A1 (en) 2000-03-17 2001-03-06 Distributor for an exhaust gas turbine with an axial flow

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EP1264079A1 EP1264079A1 (en) 2002-12-11
EP1264079B1 true EP1264079B1 (en) 2005-01-05

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EP (1) EP1264079B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4526055B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100751743B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1304733C (en)
AU (1) AU2001235307A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ298199B6 (en)
DE (2) DE10013335A1 (en)
TW (1) TW513516B (en)
WO (1) WO2001069044A1 (en)

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TW513516B (en) 2002-12-11
CZ298199B6 (en) 2007-07-18
AU2001235307A1 (en) 2001-09-24
US20030049120A1 (en) 2003-03-13
DE50105028D1 (en) 2005-02-10
KR20020077535A (en) 2002-10-11
JP2003527521A (en) 2003-09-16
DE10013335A1 (en) 2001-09-20
WO2001069044A1 (en) 2001-09-20
JP4526055B2 (en) 2010-08-18
KR100751743B1 (en) 2007-08-27
CN1429311A (en) 2003-07-09
EP1264079A1 (en) 2002-12-11
CN1304733C (en) 2007-03-14
CZ20023107A3 (en) 2004-03-17
US6824355B2 (en) 2004-11-30

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