EP1261240B1 - Apparatus for discharge lamps with safe ignition - Google Patents
Apparatus for discharge lamps with safe ignition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1261240B1 EP1261240B1 EP02005923A EP02005923A EP1261240B1 EP 1261240 B1 EP1261240 B1 EP 1261240B1 EP 02005923 A EP02005923 A EP 02005923A EP 02005923 A EP02005923 A EP 02005923A EP 1261240 B1 EP1261240 B1 EP 1261240B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- load circuit
- fres
- voltage generator
- discharge lamps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
- H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
- H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter
- H05B41/2883—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter the controlled element being a DC/AC converter in the final stage, e.g. by harmonic mode starting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
Definitions
- the invention relates to an operating device for discharge lamps according to the Preamble of claim 1.
- the invention deals with the ignition of these lamps.
- Operating devices for discharge lamps hereinafter referred to for short as lamps, have an alternating voltage generator according to the prior art, which is connected to one or more lamps via a load circuit.
- the design of the AC voltage generator as a half or full bridge inverter with electronic switches is widespread, as a result of which the AC voltage generator outputs a rectangular source voltage U q.
- the load circuit essentially consists of a reactance network. Among other things, its task is to transform the source impedance of the AC voltage generator into a value required for operating lamps.
- the load circuit also takes over the task of igniting these lamps.
- the load circuit is designed so that it has a resonance. This means that the load circuit is able to generate a high voltage at the output when excited with its resonance frequency fres , which is suitable for igniting a lamp.
- the load circuit consists of a series circuit of an inductance L and a capacitor C. This circuit has a resonance frequency fres at 1 / 2 ⁇ LC on. A lamp is connected in parallel to the capacitance C.
- Tper of the source voltage Uq is aimed for for the clock ratio of the source voltage Uq .
- the pulse duty factor is the ratio of pulse duration Tpuls to pulse pause of the rectangular source voltage Uq .
- a problem with the ignition of the lamps in the manner described above is that the fundamental frequency of the source voltage Uq emitted by the AC voltage generator must be set precisely, since the resonance of the load circuit is generally narrow-band.
- the resonance frequency fres must be met with an accuracy that is less than 1%, since otherwise there is not enough voltage excess across the capacitance C for reliable ignition of the lamp. If the resonance of the load circuit is of a high quality, a problem can also arise if the resonance frequency fres is hit too precisely. In this case, current and voltage amplitudes can occur in the control gear, which lead to the destruction of components.
- the US Pat. No. 4,544,863 (Hashimoto) describes a range for the resonance frequency of a series resonance circuit with respect to a frequency of an output voltage specified.
- the resonance frequency of the serum resonance circuit should therefore be double up to ten times the frequency of the output voltage.
- the independent oscillator is more and more frequently designed using digital technology. This can be done in the form of a microcontroller. Digital technology means that the independent oscillator can no longer generate any frequency. Only discrete frequencies can be generated, which are specified by a fixed grid. In order to meet the resonance frequency fres with sufficient accuracy, a great deal of effort must be made so that the predetermined grid allows a sufficiently high resolution for the frequencies that can be generated.
- the object of the present invention is an operating device according to the preamble of claim 1 to provide a reliable ignition of discharge lamps enabled with little effort.
- an AC voltage generator for igniting lamps generates a rectangular source voltage Uq whose fundamental frequency is close to the resonance frequency fres .
- this source voltage Uq after it has been switched on, is present continuously throughout the entire ignition process.
- a transient process appears, which forms a transient overvoltage on the lamp.
- This has an amplitude that is sufficient to ignite the lamp, it is too short to cause ignition.
- the present invention uses the transient overvoltage in that, according to the invention, transient processes are triggered in a periodic sequence.
- Tper ⁇ fres n , where n is a natural number greater than 1.
- a further advantage of the course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is that the energy that the AC voltage generator feeds into the load circuit can be set by the choice for Tper and Tpuls . This can prevent components from being damaged when the load circuit is excited at precisely its resonance frequency.
- n 3.
- the course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is preferably fed into a load circuit which contains a series connection of an inductance and a capacitance. This means the least effort for realizing the desired resonance.
- the course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is preferably generated by an independent oscillator since, as explained above, there is therefore a simple possibility for influencing the course of the source voltage Uq .
- the implementation of the independent oscillator in digital technology is particularly advantageous.
- the course of the source voltage Uq can thus only be modified by changing the register contents .
- the effort for the implementation of the AC voltage generator according to the invention is very low if the electronic switch contained in it is directly from independent oscillator can be controlled.
- the AC voltage generator is designed as a half-bridge inverter. It consists of the series connection of the electronic switches S 1 and S2, which are controlled by an independent oscillator OSC.
- the series connection of the electronic switches S1 and S2 is connected to a DC voltage source UDC for energy supply.
- the reference potential is the potential M, which is connected to a connection of the DC voltage source UDC.
- the output of the AC voltage generator, where the source voltage Uq is present, is located at the junction of the electronic switches S1 and S2.
- the load circuit is connected between the source voltage Uq and the reference potential M. It consists of the series connection of a coupling capacitor Cb, an inductance L and a capacitor C.
- the coupling capacitor Cb serves to decouple the DC component of the source voltage Uq .
- the inductance L and the capacitance C form a series resonance with the resonance frequency fres .
- the output of the load circuit, to which a lamp Lp is connected, is parallel to the capacitance C.
- a lamp voltage ULp is also tapped there.
- the source voltage Uq has a rectangular shape with a period Tper and a pulse duration Tpuls .
- the amplitude is 375V. This corresponds to the value of the voltage that the DC voltage source UDC supplies.
- the course of the voltage ULp shows a sinusoidal course, the frequency of which corresponds to the resonance frequency fres .
- the voltage surge that occurs with each pulse of the source voltage Uq can be clearly seen .
- the peak voltage of the lamp voltage ULp is approximately 1000V and is suitable for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp. With higher quality resonant circuits, a higher voltage can be realized, which may be suitable for the ignition of high pressure discharge lamps.
- typical values for the inductance L are 2mH and for the capacitance C 10nF. These values are the basis of the voltage profiles in FIG. 2. This results in a resonance frequency fres of 35.5 kHz.
- the period Tper is 87 ⁇ s in the example shown.
- the product of the period Tper and the resonance frequency fres is thus 3.08. This result lies with a 3% accuracy with the natural number 3.
- the pulse duration Tpuls is 10.7 ⁇ s in the example shown. This value lies in the required range between 0.3 / fres ( 8.4 ⁇ s in the example) and 1 / fres ( 28 ⁇ s in the example).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Betriebsgerät für Entladungslampen gemäß dem
Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Insbesondere behandelt die Erfindung die Zündung
dieser Lampen.The invention relates to an operating device for discharge lamps according to the
Preamble of
Betriebsgeräte für Entladungslampen, im folgenden kurz Lampen genannt, besitzen nach dem Stand der Technik einen Wechselspannungsgenerator, der über einen Lastkreis mit einer oder mehreren Lampen verbunden ist. Verbreitet ist die Ausführung des Wechselspannungsgenerators als Halb- oder Vollbrückenwechselrichter mit elektronischen Schaltern, wodurch der Wechselspannungsgenerator eine rechteckförmige Quellspannung Uq abgibt. Der Lastkreis besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Reaktanznetzwerk. Seine Aufgabe besteht unter anderem darin, die Quellimpedanz des Wechselspannungsgenerator in einen zum Betrieb von Lampen erforderlichen Wert zu transformieren.Operating devices for discharge lamps, hereinafter referred to for short as lamps, have an alternating voltage generator according to the prior art, which is connected to one or more lamps via a load circuit. The design of the AC voltage generator as a half or full bridge inverter with electronic switches is widespread, as a result of which the AC voltage generator outputs a rectangular source voltage U q. The load circuit essentially consists of a reactance network. Among other things, its task is to transform the source impedance of the AC voltage generator into a value required for operating lamps.
Insbesondere zum Betrieb von Niederdrucklampen übernimmt der Lastkreis auch die
Aufgabe der Zündung dieser Lampen. Dazu wird der Lastkreis so ausgeführt, dass er
eine Resonanz aufweist. Das bedeutet, dass der Lastkreis in der Lage ist, bei Anregung
mit seiner Resonanzfrequenz fres am Ausgang eine hohe Spannung zu erzeugen,
die geeignet ist eine Lampe zu zünden. Im einfachsten Fall besteht der Lastkreis
aus einer Serienschaltung einer Induktivität L und einer Kapazität C. Diese Schaltung
weist eine Resonanzfrequenz fres bei 1/2π
Ein Problem bei der Zündung der Lampen auf die oben beschriebene Art besteht darin, dass die Grundfrequenz der vom Wechselspannungsgenerator abgegebenen Quellspannung Uq genau eingestellt werden muss, da die Resonanz des Lastkreises im allgemeinen schmalbandig ist. Die Resonanzfrequenz fres muss mit einer Genauigkeit getroffen werden, die unter 1% liegt, da sonst nicht genügend Spannungsüberhöhung an der Kapazität C für eine sichere Zündung der Lampe auftritt. Weist die Resonanz des Lastkreises eine hohe Güte auf, so kann ein Problem auch dadurch entstehen, dass die Resonanzfrequenz fres zu genau getroffen wird. Es können in diesem Fall im Betriebsgerät Strom- und Spannungsamplituden auftreten, die zur Zerstörung von Bauteilen führen.A problem with the ignition of the lamps in the manner described above is that the fundamental frequency of the source voltage Uq emitted by the AC voltage generator must be set precisely, since the resonance of the load circuit is generally narrow-band. The resonance frequency fres must be met with an accuracy that is less than 1%, since otherwise there is not enough voltage excess across the capacitance C for reliable ignition of the lamp. If the resonance of the load circuit is of a high quality, a problem can also arise if the resonance frequency fres is hit too precisely. In this case, current and voltage amplitudes can occur in the control gear, which lead to the destruction of components.
Zur Realisierung des Wechselspannungsgenerators sind sog. selbsterregte Generatoren bekannt. Bei diesen wird das Ansteuersignal für die elektronischen Schalter des Wechselspannungsgenerators aus dem Laststrom gewonnen. Dadurch ergibt sich ein selbstregulierender Effekt, der die Frequenz der Quellspannung Uq, die der Wechselspannungsgenerator abgibt, in die Nähe der Resonanzfrequenz fres legt. In der Schrift DE 27 05 969 (Komrumpf) ist eine Schaltungsanordnung beschrieben, die solche Eigenschaften aufweist. Das dort aufgeführte Ausführungsbeispiel stellt eine Frequenz des Wechselspannungsgenerators ein, der bei einem Drittel der Resonanzfrequenz liegt. Derartige, selbsterregte Generatoren erlauben jedoch nur beschränkte Eingriffsmöglichkeiten zur Regelung des Lampenbetriebs, weshalb sog. fremderregte Generatoren immer häufiger eingesetzt werden. Bei fremderregten Generatoren erzeugt ein unabhängiger Oszillator das Ansteuersignal für die elektronischen Schalter des Wechselspannungsgenerators. Unabhängig bedeutet, dass im Gegensatz zu selbsterregten Generatoren eine Schwingung erzeugt werden kann, die unabhängig von Größen wie Laststrom oder Lastspannung ist.So-called self-excited generators are known for realizing the AC voltage generator. In these, the control signal for the electronic switches of the AC voltage generator is obtained from the load current. This results in a self-regulating effect which places the frequency of the source voltage Uq , which the alternating voltage generator emits, in the vicinity of the resonance frequency fres . In the document DE 27 05 969 (Komrumpf) a circuit arrangement is described which has such properties. The exemplary embodiment listed there sets a frequency of the AC voltage generator which is at a third of the resonance frequency. Such self-excited generators, however, only allow limited intervention options for regulating lamp operation, which is why so-called externally excited generators are being used more and more frequently. With externally excited generators, an independent oscillator generates the control signal for the electronic switches of the AC voltage generator. Independent means that, in contrast to self-excited generators, a vibration can be generated that is independent of variables such as load current or load voltage.
Im Stand der Technik werden mehrere Lösungen vorgeschlagen, die das Ziel haben, die Frequenz eines o. g. unabhängigen Oszillators so einzustellen, dass die Lampe sicher gezündet wird.Several solutions are proposed in the prior art which aim to the frequency of one of the above independent oscillator so that the lamp is ignited safely.
In der Schrift EP 0 351 012 (Wong) wird vorgeschlagen, die Frequenz des unabhängigen Oszillators auf einen Wert einzustellen, der über der Resonanzfrequenz fres liegt und dann kontinuierlich abzusenken, bis die Resonanzfrequenz fres getroffen wird. Damit ergibt sich aber das Problem, dass einerseits die Änderung der Frequenz des unabhängigen Oszillators nicht zu schnell sein darf, damit sich die Resonanz im Lastkreis ausbilden kann, andererseits aber die Zündung der Lampe möglichst schnell erfolgen soll, damit vorgeheizte Wendeln einer Lampe bis zur Zündung nicht wieder abkühlen.In the document EP 0 351 012 (Wong) it is proposed to set the frequency of the independent oscillator to a value which is above the resonance frequency fres and then to lower it continuously until the resonance frequency fres is hit. However, this gives rise to the problem that on the one hand the change in the frequency of the independent oscillator must not be too rapid so that the resonance can form in the load circuit, but on the other hand the lamp should be ignited as quickly as possible, so that preheated filaments of a lamp are ignited do not cool down again.
In der Schrift EP 0 831 678 (Nerone) wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine geschlossene Regelschleife die Frequenz des unabhängigen Oszillators derart regelt, dass sich an der Lampe die gewünschte Zündspannung einstellt. Da, wie oben erwähnt, die Resonanz des Lastkreises schmalbandig ist, ist der Aufwand für die vorgeschlagene Regelung erheblich.In document EP 0 831 678 (Nerone) it is proposed that a closed Control loop regulates the frequency of the independent oscillator in such a way that the lamp sets the desired ignition voltage. There, as mentioned above, the resonance of the load circuit is narrowband, is the effort for the proposed regulation considerably.
In der Schrift US 4,544,863 (Hashimoto) wird ein Bereich für die Resonanzfrequenz eines Sereinresonanzkreises in Bezug auf eine Frequenz einer Ausgangsspannung angegeben. Die Resonanzfrequenz des Sereinresonanzkreises soll demnach doppelt bis zehnmal so hoch sein wie die Frequenz der Ausgangsspannung.The US Pat. No. 4,544,863 (Hashimoto) describes a range for the resonance frequency of a series resonance circuit with respect to a frequency of an output voltage specified. The resonance frequency of the serum resonance circuit should therefore be double up to ten times the frequency of the output voltage.
Ein weiteres Problem entsteht dadurch, dass der unabhängige Oszillator immer häufiger in Digitaltechnik ausgeführt ist. Dies kann in Form eines Microcontrollers geschehen. Die Digitaltechnik bedingt, dass der unabhängige Oszillator nicht mehr jede beliebige Frequenz erzeugen kann. Es sind nur diskrete Frequenzen erzeugbar, die durch ein festes Raster vorgegeben sind. Um die Resonanzfrequenz fres mit genügender Genauigkeit zu treffen, muss ein hoher Aufwand getrieben werden, damit das vorgegebene Raster eine ausreichend hohe Auflösung für die erzeugbaren Frequenzen zulässt.Another problem arises from the fact that the independent oscillator is more and more frequently designed using digital technology. This can be done in the form of a microcontroller. Digital technology means that the independent oscillator can no longer generate any frequency. Only discrete frequencies can be generated, which are specified by a fixed grid. In order to meet the resonance frequency fres with sufficient accuracy, a great deal of effort must be made so that the predetermined grid allows a sufficiently high resolution for the frequencies that can be generated.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Betriebsgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff
des Anspruchs 1 bereitzustellen, das eine zuverlässige Zündung von Entladungslampen
mit geringem Aufwand ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is an operating device according to the preamble
of
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Betriebsgerät mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs
des Anspruchs 1 durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1
gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This task is performed with an operating device with the features of the generic term
of
Wie oben ausgeführt erzeugt ein Wechselspannungsgenerator zur Zündung von Lampen eine rechteckförmige Quellspannung Uq deren Grundfrequenz nahe der Resonanzfrequenz fres liegt. Nach dem Stand der Technik liegt diese Quellspannung Uq, nachdem sie eingeschaltet wurde, kontinuierlich während des ganzen Zündvorgangs an. Beim Einschalten dieser Quellspannung Uq zeigt sich ein Einschwingvorgang, der an der Lampe eine transiente Überspannung ausbildet. Diese weist zwar eine Amplitude auf, die zur Zündung der Lampe genügt, jedoch ist sie zu kurz, um eine Zündung zu bewirken. Die vorliegende Erfindung nutzt die transiente Überspannung, indem erfindungsgemäß in periodischer Abfolge Einschwingvorgänge ausgelöst werden. Dazu erzeugt der Wechselspannungsgenerator eine rechteckförmige Quellspannung Uq für deren Periodendauer Tper erfindungsgemäß folgende Bedingung angestrebt wird: Tper · fres = n, wobei n eine natürliche Zahl größer 1 ist. Um eine für die Zündung der Lampe eine genügend hohe Spannung zu erzielen, muss für die Pulsdauer Tpuls der Quellspannung Uq erfindungsgemäß folgende Bedingung erfüllt sein: 0,3 ≤ Tpuls · fres < 1.As stated above, an AC voltage generator for igniting lamps generates a rectangular source voltage Uq whose fundamental frequency is close to the resonance frequency fres . According to the prior art, this source voltage Uq , after it has been switched on, is present continuously throughout the entire ignition process. When this source voltage Uq is switched on, a transient process appears, which forms a transient overvoltage on the lamp. Although this has an amplitude that is sufficient to ignite the lamp, it is too short to cause ignition. The present invention uses the transient overvoltage in that, according to the invention, transient processes are triggered in a periodic sequence. For this purpose, the AC voltage generator generates a rectangular source voltage Uq for the period of time Tper according to the invention, the following condition being sought: Tper · fres = n , where n is a natural number greater than 1. In order to achieve a sufficiently high voltage for the ignition of the lamp, the following condition must be fulfilled according to the invention for the pulse duration Tpuls of the source voltage Uq : 0.3 ≤ Tpuls · fres <1.
Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verlaufs der Quellspannung Uq liegt darin begründet, dass die Anforderung an die Genauigkeit des unabhängigen Oszillators um mindestens den Faktor 2 reduziert ist. D. h. die oben aufgeführte erfindungsgemäße Bedingung Tper · fres = n muss nur näherungsweise erfüllt werden. Näherungsweise bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Bedingung mit einer Genauigkeit von 3% erfüllt wird. Für größere Werte von n genügt sogar noch eine geringere Genauigkeit.The advantage of the course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention lies in the fact that the requirement for the accuracy of the independent oscillator is reduced by at least a factor of 2. I.e. the above-mentioned condition Tperfres = n only has to be approximately fulfilled. Approximately in this context means that the condition is met with an accuracy of 3%. Even lower accuracy is sufficient for larger values of n .
Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verlaufs der Quellspannung Uq besteht darin, dass durch die Wahlmöglichkeit für Tper und Tpuls die Energie eingestellt werden kann, die der Wechselspannungsgenerator in den Lastkreis einspeist. Damit kann verhindert werden, dass bei einer Anregung des Lastkreises bei genau seiner Resonanzfrequenz, Bauteile beschädigt werden.A further advantage of the course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is that the energy that the AC voltage generator feeds into the load circuit can be set by the choice for Tper and Tpuls . This can prevent components from being damaged when the load circuit is excited at precisely its resonance frequency.
Für große Werte von n wird der beschriebene Einschwingvorgang nur selten ausgelöst: Dabei kann es vorkommen, dass die Lampe nicht mehr sicher gezündet wird. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass bei einem Wert von n = 3 eine sichere Zündung der Lampe gewährleistet ist.The described transient process is only rarely triggered for large values of n: It may happen that the lamp is no longer ignited safely. It has been found that a reliable ignition of the lamp is guaranteed with a value of n = 3.
Der erfindungsgemäße Verlauf der Quellspannung Uq wird bevorzugt in einen Lastkreis eingespeist, der eine Serienschaltung einer Induktivität und einer Kapazität enthalt. Dies bedeutet den geringsten Aufwand für die Realisierung der gewünschten Resonanz.The course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is preferably fed into a load circuit which contains a series connection of an inductance and a capacitance. This means the least effort for realizing the desired resonance.
Bevorzugt wird der erfindungsgemäße Verlauf der Quellspannung Uq von einem unabhängigen Oszillator erzeugt, da, wie oben erläutert, damit eine einfache Möglichkeit besteht den Verlauf der Quellspannung Uq zu beeinflussen.The course of the source voltage Uq according to the invention is preferably generated by an independent oscillator since, as explained above, there is therefore a simple possibility for influencing the course of the source voltage Uq .
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Realisierung des unabhängigen Oszillators in Digitaltechnik. Nur durch Verändern von Registerinhalten kann damit der Verlauf der Quellspannung Uq modifiziert werden. Durch Einsatz eines Microcontrollers ist dies durch bloße Softwareänderung möglich.The implementation of the independent oscillator in digital technology is particularly advantageous. The course of the source voltage Uq can thus only be modified by changing the register contents . By using a microcontroller, this is possible simply by changing the software.
Der Aufwand für die Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Wechselspannungsgenerators ist dann sehr gering, wenn darin enthaltene elektronische Schalter direkt vom unabhängigen Oszillator angesteuert werden können. The effort for the implementation of the AC voltage generator according to the invention is very low if the electronic switch contained in it is directly from independent oscillator can be controlled.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Schaltbild eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgeräts
- Figur 2
- erfindungsgemäße Spannungsverläufe eines Betriebsgeräts nach Fig. 1
- Figure 1
- a circuit diagram of an operating device according to the invention
- Figure 2
- Voltage curves according to the invention of an operating device according to FIG. 1
In Fig. 1 ist ein Schaltbild eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgeräts dargestellt. Der
Wechselspannungsgenerator ist als Halbbrückenwechselrichter ausgeführt. Er besteht
aus der Serienschaltung der elektronischen Schalter S 1 und S2, die von einem unabhängigen
Oszillator OSC angesteuert werden. Die Serienschaltung der elektronischen
Schalter S1 und S2 ist zur Energieversorgung an eine Gleichspannungsquelle UDC
angeschlossen. Bezugspotenzial ist das Potenzial M, das mit einem Anschluss der
Gleichspannungsquelle UDC verbunden ist. An der Verbindungsstelle der elektronischen
Schalter S1 und S2 befindet sich der Ausgang des Wechselspannungsgenerators,
wo die Quellspannung Uq anliegt. Zwischen Quellspannung Uq und Bezugspotenzial
M ist der Lastkreis geschaltet. Er besteht aus der Serienschaltung eines Koppelkondensators
Cb einer Induktivität L und einer Kapazität C. Der Koppelkondensator
Cb dient zum Abkoppeln des Gleichanteils der Quellspannung Uq. Die Induktivität
L und die Kapazität C bilden eine Serienresonanz mit der Resonanzfrequenz fres
aus. Parallel zur Kapazität C liegt der Ausgang des Lastkreises, an dem eine Lampe
Lp angeschlossen ist. Dort wird auch eine Lampenspannung ULp abgegriffen.1 shows a circuit diagram of an operating device according to the invention. The AC voltage generator is designed as a half-bridge inverter. It consists of the series connection of the
In Fig. 2 ist der erfindungsgemäße zeitliche Verlauf der Quellspannung Uq und der Lampenspannung ULp während der Zündung der Lampe Lp dargestellt. Die Quellspannung Uq weist einen rechteckförmigen Verlauf mit einer Periodendauer Tper und einer Pulsdauer Tpuls auf. Die Amplitude beträgt 375V. Dies entspricht dem Wert der Spannung, den die Gleichspannungsquelle UDC liefert. Der Verlauf der Spannung ULp zeigt einen sinusförmigen Verlauf, deren Frequenz der Resonanzfrequenz fres entspricht. Deutlich ist die Spannungsüberhöhung zu erkennen, die bei jedem Puls der Quellspannung Uq auftritt. Die Spitzenspannung der Lampenspannung ULp beträgt ca. 1000V und ist zur Zündung einer Niederdruckentladungslampe geeignet. Mit Schwingkreisen höherer Güte lässt sich eine höhere Spannung realisieren, die ggf. zur Zündung von Hochdruckentladungslampen geeignet ist.2 shows the time profile of the source voltage Uq and the lamp voltage ULp according to the invention during the ignition of the lamp Lp. The source voltage Uq has a rectangular shape with a period Tper and a pulse duration Tpuls . The amplitude is 375V. This corresponds to the value of the voltage that the DC voltage source UDC supplies. The course of the voltage ULp shows a sinusoidal course, the frequency of which corresponds to the resonance frequency fres . The voltage surge that occurs with each pulse of the source voltage Uq can be clearly seen . The peak voltage of the lamp voltage ULp is approximately 1000V and is suitable for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp. With higher quality resonant circuits, a higher voltage can be realized, which may be suitable for the ignition of high pressure discharge lamps.
In Betriebsgeräten für Niederdruckentladungslampen sind typische Werte für die Induktivität L 2mH und für die Kapazität C 10nF. Diese Werte liegen den Spannungsverläufen in Fig. 2 zugrunde. Daraus berechnet sich eine Resonanzfrequenz fres von 35,5 kHz. Die Periodendauer Tper beträgt im dargestellten Beispiel 87µs. Das Produkt aus der Periodendauer Tper und der Resonanzfrequenz fres beträgt somit 3,08. Dieses Ergebnis liegt mit einer 3% Genauigkeit bei der natürlichen Zahl 3. Die Pulsdauer Tpuls beträgt im dargestellten Beispiel 10,7µs. Dieser Wert liegt im geforderten Bereich zwischen 0,3/fres (im Beispiel 8,4µs) und 1/ fres (im Beispiel 28µs).In operating devices for low-pressure discharge lamps, typical values for the inductance L are 2mH and for the capacitance C 10nF. These values are the basis of the voltage profiles in FIG. 2. This results in a resonance frequency fres of 35.5 kHz. The period Tper is 87µs in the example shown. The product of the period Tper and the resonance frequency fres is thus 3.08. This result lies with a 3% accuracy with the natural number 3. The pulse duration Tpuls is 10.7 µs in the example shown. This value lies in the required range between 0.3 / fres ( 8.4µs in the example) and 1 / fres ( 28µs in the example).
Claims (6)
- Appliance for discharge lamps (Lp) having the following features:characterized in thata load circuit which has an input which is connected to an AC voltage generator, which emits a square-wave source voltage Uq with a period duration Tper and a pulse duration Tpulse,the load circuit has an output, which can be connected to discharge lamps (Lp),the load circuit has a resonance point at a resonant frequency fres, which means that the voltage at the output (ULp) may be greater than the voltage at the input (Uq),
in order to start discharge lamps (Lp), the AC voltage generator emits a source voltage Uq whose period duration Tper multiplied by the resonant frequency fres of the load circuit produces approximately a natural number n which is greater than 1, and
whose pulse duration Tpulse is in a range which is described by the following condition: - Appliance according to Claim 1, characterized in that the natural number n is equal to 3.
- Appliance according to Claim 1, characterized in that the load circuit contains a series tuned circuit comprising an inductance (L) and a capacitance (C) connected in series.
- Appliance according to Claim 1, characterized in that the AC voltage generator contains an independent oscillator (OSC).
- Appliance according to Claim 4, characterized in that the independent oscillator (OSC) uses digital technology.
- Appliance according to Claim 5, characterized in that the AC voltage generator contains electronic switches (S1, S2) which are driven by the signal which the independent oscillator (OSC) produces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10124636 | 2001-05-18 | ||
| DE10124636A DE10124636A1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2001-05-18 | Discharge lamp operating device has generator that outputs voltage with period multiplied by resonant frequency approximately natural number greater than 1, pulse length in defined range |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1261240A1 EP1261240A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| EP1261240B1 true EP1261240B1 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
Family
ID=7685525
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02005923A Expired - Lifetime EP1261240B1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2002-03-14 | Apparatus for discharge lamps with safe ignition |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6611112B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1261240B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2383331A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10124636A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8471475B1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2013-06-25 | Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. | Modular dimming ballast with decoupled half-bridge topology |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4053813A (en) * | 1976-03-01 | 1977-10-11 | General Electric Company | Discharge lamp ballast with resonant starting |
| US4544863A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-01 | Ken Hashimoto | Power supply apparatus for fluorescent lamp |
| US4952849A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-08-28 | North American Philips Corporation | Fluorescent lamp controllers |
| US5187414A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1993-02-16 | North American Philips Corporation | Fluorescent lamp controllers |
| US5488269A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-01-30 | General Electric Company | Multi-resonant boost high power factor circuit |
| US6188179B1 (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 2001-02-13 | Auckland Uniservices Limited | Induction circuits for lighting |
| US5723953A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-03-03 | General Electric Company | High voltage IC-driven half-bridge gas discharge lamp ballast |
| US6172468B1 (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 2001-01-09 | Metrolight Ltd. | Method and apparatus for igniting a gas discharge lamp |
| JP2982804B2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-11-29 | サンケン電気株式会社 | Discharge lamp lighting device |
| IL123029A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2003-02-12 | Jbp Technologies Ltd | Method and device for operating electronic ballasts for high intensity discharge (hid) lamps |
-
2001
- 2001-05-18 DE DE10124636A patent/DE10124636A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-03-14 DE DE50200521T patent/DE50200521D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-14 EP EP02005923A patent/EP1261240B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-11 US US10/119,847 patent/US6611112B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-25 CA CA002383331A patent/CA2383331A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020180376A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
| CA2383331A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 |
| EP1261240A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| DE50200521D1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
| DE10124636A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
| US6611112B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 |
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