EP1253189B1 - Builder composition - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to builder compositions having improved release residue behavior obtainable by contacting crystalline layered sodium disilicate and water and subsequently heat treating the resulting builder compositions.

The compulsion to save energy in washing and cleaning processes, e.g. Machine washing of textiles and dishwashing requires ever greater reductions in water consumption. Detergents based on water-insoluble builder systems, such as zeolite or partially soluble systems, such as crystalline layered sodium disilicate, are increasingly reaching their limits. As a negative consequence of the reduction in water consumption, e.g. when washing textiles - especially in dark colored textiles - white residues on the tissues derived from undissolved or poorly dispersed builder.

The object of the present invention was to provide a builder composition with improved release residue behavior.

EP 0 650 926 describes the roll compaction of crystalline layered sodium disilicate by roll compacting with the addition of curing agents such as water, silica sol, silica gel, surfactants, water glass, maleic acid-acrylic acid polymers and other copolymers. The aim is to produce a granulate resistant to mechanical abrasion. The granulation itself takes place at 15 to 130 ° C. The Kompaktiergut is not preheated, since the temperature is achieved solely by the mechanical friction between the Kompaktiergut and the Kompaktier rollers. The residence time of Kompaktiergutes in the roll compactor, the formation of the flakes (flakes) and crushing the granules moves Total in the range of fractions of a second to a few seconds.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that crystalline layered sodium silicate builder compositions obtainable by contacting crystalline layered sodium silicate with water or aqueous solutions of detergent ingredients in a particular ratio, and subsequently heat treating the resulting builder compositions , show improved release residue behavior.

• a) kristallinem schichtförmigem Natriumsilicat der Formel NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, wobei M Natrium oder Wasserstoff, x eine Zahl von 1,9 bis 4 und y eine Zahl von 0 bis 20 bedeuten, und
• b) Wasser oder einer wässrigen Lösung bzw. Dispersion mindestens eines Waschmittelinhaltsstoffes aus der Gruppe Alkalisilikate, nichtionische Tenside anionische Tenside, kationische Tenside, Polyethylenglykole, Bentonite, Hectorite und/oder Saponite,
• c) wobei das molare Verhältnis der Komponente a) zum Wasser aus der Komponente b) 0,5:1 bis 20:1 beträgt,

und nachträglichem Wärmebehandeln der so erhaltenen Builder-Zusammensetzung bei 70 bis 150°C für 2 bis 120 min.The invention accordingly provides a builder composition obtainable by contacting

• a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1 *} yH ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and
• b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one detergent constituent from the group of alkali metal silicates, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, polyethylene glycols, bentonites, hectorites and / or saponites,
• c) wherein the molar ratio of component a) to water from component b) is 0.5: 1 to 20: 1,

and subsequently heat treating the resulting builder composition at 70 to 150 ° C for 2 to 120 minutes.

The sodium silicates a) are preferably those having x values of 2, 3 or 4. Particular preference is given to sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O where x is equal to 2. Sodium silicates a) may also be used to trade mixtures.

Crystalline layered sodium disilicate a) is composed of varying percentages of the polymorphic phases alpha, beta, delta and epsilon. Commercial products may also contain amorphous portions. By the latter, x can also be non-even in commercial products.
Preferably, 1.9≤x≥2.2.
Preferred crystalline layered sodium silicates a) contain 0 to 40% by weight of alpha-sodium disilicate, 0 to 40% by weight of beta-sodium disilicate, 40 to 100% by weight of delta-sodium disilicate and 0 to 40% by weight of amorphous portions.

Particularly preferred crystalline layered sodium silicates a) contain 7 to 21% by weight of alpha-sodium disilicate, 0 to 12% by weight of beta-sodium disilicate, 65 to 95% by weight of delta-sodium disilicate and 0 to 20% by weight of amorphous portions , Particularly preferred are crystalline layered sodium silicates a) having a content of 80 to 100 wt .-% delta-sodium disilicate.

In a further preferred embodiment, crystalline layered sodium silicates a) having a content of from 70 to 100% by weight of beta-sodium disilicate can also be used.

The abovementioned alpha-sodium disilicate corresponds to the Na-SKS-5 described in EP-B-0 164 514, characterized by the X-ray diffraction data given there, which are assigned to the alpha-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ whose X-ray diffraction diagrams are available from the Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction standards under the numbers 18-1241, 22-1397, 22-1397A, 19-1233, 19-1234 and 19-1237 are registered.
The aforesaid beta-sodium disilicate corresponds to the Na-SKS-7 described in EP-B-0 164 514, characterized by the X-ray diffraction data given there, which are assigned to the beta-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ whose X-ray diffraction diagrams are available from the Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction standards are registered under the numbers 24-1123 and 29-1261.
The abovementioned delta-sodium disilicate corresponds to the Na-SKS-6 described in EP-B-0 164 514, characterized by the X-ray diffraction data given there, which are assigned to the delta-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ whose X-ray diffraction patterns are known to the Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction standards are registered under the number 22-1396.

In a particular embodiment, the crystalline layered sodium silicates a) additionally contain cationic and / or anionic constituents.
The cationic constituents are preferably alkali metal ions and / or alkaline earth metal cations and / or Fe, W, Mo, Ta, Pb, Al, Zn, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co and / or Ni.
The anionic constituents are preferably aluminates, sulfates, Fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, carbonates, bicarbonates, nitrates, hydrated oxides, phosphates and / or borates.

In a particular embodiment, the crystalline layered sodium silicates contain a), based on the total content of SiO ₂ , up to 10 mol% boron.

In a further preferred embodiment, the crystalline layered sodium silicates a), based on the total content of SiO ₂ , contain up to 20 mol% of phosphorus.

The crystalline layered sodium silicate a) is preferably used as a powder having an average particle size of 0.1 to 4000 μm, more preferably 10 to 500 μm, particularly preferably 20 to 200 μm.

Commercial crystalline layered sodium silicate a) may contain small amounts of water through production and storage. Due to the low concentration of water and the lack of heat treatment, however, no improvement in the Löserückstaridsverhaltens observed under these circumstances.

The water can also be used in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions of detergent ingredients according to claim 1.

Thus, in the case of aqueous solutions of alkali metal silicates, polyethylene glycols and long-chain alkyl ethoxylates in addition hardening of the granules can be achieved.

Preferred alkali silicates are sodium and potassium silicates. Their aqueous solutions are also referred to as water glasses. Such water glasses are produced by dissolving solid water glasses (pieces of water glass), spray-dried water glasses or directly by hydrothermal digestion of sand and sodium hydroxide solution. The water glasses preferably have a molar composition of Me ₂ O: SiO ₂ equal to 0.2: 1 to 1: 1 with Me = Na and / or K and H ₂ O: SiO ₂ being 0.9: 1 to 250: 1.

The nonionic surfactants are preferably alkyl alkoxylates, gluconamides, alkyl polyglycosides and / or amine oxides. Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are those described later in connection with the detergents and cleaners containing the builder composition.

Preferred anionic surfactants are carboxylates, sulfonates and sulfates, more preferably (C ₉ -C ₁₃ ) -alkylbenzenesulfonates, alpha-olefinsulfonates, alkanesulfonates, esters of sulfo fatty acids, disalts of alpha-sulfo fatty acids, sulfuric acid monoesters of (C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ ) fatty alcohols and Soap. Particularly preferred anionic surfactants are those described later in connection with the detergents and cleaners containing the builder composition.

Preferred cationic surfactants are quaternary (C ₆ -C ₁₆ ) -N-, preferably (C ₆ -C ₁₀ ) -N, alkyl and alkenyl-ammonium compounds in which the remaining N positions with methyl, hydroxyethyl and / or Hydroxypropyl groups are substituted. Particularly preferred cationic surfactants are those described later in connection with the detergents and cleaners containing the builder composition.

Preferred polyethylene glycols are those having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 10000 g / mol, more preferably from 2000 to 8000 g / mol.

Preferred as bentonites, hectorites and saponites are montmorillonites having the formula Na _x [Al ₄ -x Mg _x (OH) Si ₄ O ₁₀ ] * nH ₂ O with 0.1 ≦ x ≦ 0.4 and 0 ≦ n ≦ 20, preferably x about 0.33 and n about 4, hectorites having the formula Na _x [Mg _3-x Li _x Si ₄ O ₁₀ ] * nH ₂ O with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4 and 0 ≤ n ≤ 20 and saponites having the formula Na _x [Mg ₃ (Si _4-x Al _x ) ₄ O ₁₀ ] * nH ₂ O with 0.1 ≦ x ≦ 0.4 and 0 ≦ n ≦ 20, preferably x approximately 0, 33 and n approx. 1. The bentonites, hectorites and saponites are generally used as aqueous dispersions.

The concentration of the respective detergent ingredients according to claim 1 in the aqueous solutions or dispersions also depends on handleability (pumpability, Flowability, storage stability, etc.) of the respective solution or dispersion. Within the limits of the ratio c) of the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to the water from the component b), any concentrations are possible.
The weight ratio of the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to the detergent ingredients is preferably 5: 1 to 1000: 1, more preferably 7: 1 to 200: 1, particularly preferably 10: 1 to 100: 1.

Compliance with the molar ratio c) of the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to water from component b) is of essential importance to the invention.
The molar ratio c) of the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to the water from component b) is preferably 1: 1 to 20: 1, more preferably 1: 1 to 10: 1 and particularly preferably 1.2: 1 to 5: 1.

The contacting of the components a) and b) can be carried out by any method that ensures sufficient contact of the components. Preference is given to mixing, spraying and spraying techniques, more preferably mixing techniques. Preferred mixers are paddle, ring layer or ploughshare mixers e.g. the company Lödige, free-fall mixer, e.g. the company Telschig, Eirich mixer, Schugi mixer, fluidized bed mixer and drum mixer. The mixing times are preferably 0.5 s to 60 min, more preferably 2 s to 15 min.

When bringing the components a) and b) into contact, all variants are conceivable which ensure adequate mixing of the components. Thus, e.g. Components of the components are premixed and the remaining shares are subsequently mixed.

Component b) can also be brought into contact with the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) in the gas, vapor or aerosol state. The bringing into contact of the components a) and b) can be carried out at ambient temperature, but also at elevated temperature. Prefers are temperatures from 0 to 300 ° C, more preferably 10 to 200 ° C.
The heat can be introduced by external heating. Optionally, all components or even individual can be preheated.

Essential for the invention is the subsequent heat treatment of the builder composition, which leads to a significant improvement in the Löserrückstandsverhaltens. The invention is to be understood to mean that the heat treatment takes place subsequently after the components a) and b) have been brought into contact, but does not have to be the immediately following process step.

The heat treatment is carried out at temperatures between 70 to 150 ° C.

The duration of the heat treatment is 2 to 120 minutes, preferably 10 to 120 minutes.

The water vapor partial pressure during the heat treatment is preferably 10 mbar to 10 bar, more preferably 250 mbar to 3 bar.

Preferred apparatus for the heat treatment are fluidized beds, belt and tunnel ovens, air conveyors and storage containers.

It has proven advantageous to keep the builder composition in motion during the heat treatment, thereby better maintaining homogeneity and transportability during hot storage. Preferred apparatuses for this are paddle, ring layer or ploughshare mixers, e.g. the company Lödige, free-fall mixer, e.g. the company Telschig, Eyrich mixer, Nauta mixer and drum mixer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contacting and heat treating of the builder composition occurs in separate apparatuses. This can batchwise batchwise or preferably continuously respectively. In a further embodiment, the bringing into contact and the heat treatment are carried out in an apparatus, whereby it is also possible to work continuously.

In a preferred embodiment, the builder composition obtained after contacting the components a) and b) is further treated mechanically. Preferred mechanical further treatments are compacting, granulating, grinding, crushing and / or grain fractionating.
It should be expressly mentioned in this context that the mechanical further treatment can take place as a whole or in partial steps before and after the heat treatment. Multiple heat treatments at different process stages are also within the meaning of the invention.

In a preferred embodiment, the components a) and b) are first brought into contact, then heat-treated and finally further treated mechanically.
Most preferably, the components are first contacted, then heat treated, then compacted, then ground / crushed, and finally grain fractionated.
Also most preferably, the components are first contacted, then heat treated, then ground and finally grain fractionated.

In a further preferred embodiment, the components a) and b) are first brought into contact, then further treated mechanically and finally heat-treated.
Most preferably, the components are first contacted, then compacted, then ground, then grain fractionated, and finally heat treated.

Also within the meaning of the invention are embodiments in which the components a) and b) are brought into contact with each other, then treated mechanically, then heat treated and then treated again mechanically.

The compacting serves the grain enlargement (grain structure). It differs in two ways from the agglomeration. When compacting a binder does not necessarily have to be used, which is imperative in the agglomeration. Furthermore, the powder to be compacted is not only compressed by the acting pressing pressure and the grains are entangled, but also powder grains are crushed each other.
The compacting is preferably a press granulation, such as, for example, roll compacting or briquetting, more preferably roll compacting.
The temperature of the material during the compaction is preferably between 10 and 200 ° C, wherein the desired temperature can be controlled by external heating / cooling or adjusts itself by the released frictional heat. During compacting, the residence time under pressure is only a few fractions of a second until the resulting slugs are comminuted with mills of the relevant type and optionally grain-fractionated. Thus, the duration of the heating is much shorter than in the targeted heat treatment according to the invention and is thus too short for an improvement in the Löserückdenverhaltes.
In a continuous mode of operation, the slugs produced in the roll compaction are immediately comminuted with mills of the relevant type and optionally grain-fractionated. The good grain is discharged from the grain fractionation and returned undersize and oversize in the sense of circulating streams in the Kompaktor or in the mills. Even in the case of such a continuous process, the duration of the heating is much shorter than in the targeted heat treatment.
The roll compaction is preferably carried out with a line press force of 2 to 200 kN / cm roll width, more preferably 10 to 160 kN / cm roll width, and at a temperature of 20 to 200 ° C. Such an indication makes sense insofar as usually the area on which the material is actually subjected to pressure during roll compaction is difficult to define. The highest pressure acts in the area in which the two concave surfaces of the rollers come closest. This area can only be estimated. Furthermore, by material wear, the roll surface may be eroded so that no uniform pressure distribution is guaranteed. If a support width of 1 cm is used as the basis for the abovementioned preferred ranges, pressing pressures of between 2 and 200 kN / cm ² , particularly preferably between 10 and 100 kN / cm ^{2, result} . Suitable roll compactors are, for example, those of Hosokawa-Bepex and Alexanderwerk.

The grinding serves to reduce the particle size of powders, of pressed granules and of the crushing of slugs. Preference is given to vibratory mills, ball mills, roller and spherical roller mills (for example those from Neuman & Esser), hammer mills, impact mills or air jet mills (for example those from Hosokawa-Alpine).

Grain fractionation classifies the millbase in oversize, fine grain and undersize, preferably by sighting and / or sieving. Particularly preferred is the screening. Suitable sieves are e.g. those of the companies Rhewum, Locker or Allgeier.

The builder composition according to the invention is preferably a powder having an average particle size of 0.1 to 4000 μm, more preferably 10 to 500 μm, particularly preferably 20 to 200 μm.

In a further preferred embodiment, the builder composition according to the invention is a granulate having an average particle size of 200 to 2000 .mu.m, preferably 400 to 900 .mu.m.

Likewise preferably, the builder composition according to the invention is a ground granulate having an average particle size of 0.1 to 300 .mu.m, preferably 10 to 200 .mu.m.

The builder compositions of the invention are preferably characterized in that the Löserückstand an aqueous 0.25 wt .-% solution, at 20 ° C and after stirring for 20 minutes, less than or equal to 50%, preferably less than or equal to 30%.

The invention also provides detergents and cleaners containing at least one inventive builder composition.

The detergents are preferably heavy-duty detergents, compact heavy duty detergents, compact color detergents, heavy duty bulk detergents, special detergents, e.g. Stain salts, bleach boosters, curtain washes, wool detergents, builders laundry detergents and industrial laundry detergents. The cleaning agents are preferably machine-wash and machine-dishwashing detergents. Here, silicates are in demand mainly because of their good dirt dispersion, their high alkalinity and because of their protective effect for the glass. By glass damage is meant both the formation of layered deposits on glasses as well as the erosion of the glass surface - both leads to the known undesirable turbidity of glasses.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) optional 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe
• d) optional 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Preferred washing and cleaning agents included

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) optionally 1 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 30 wt .-%, surfactants
• d) optionally 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) optional 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe,
• d) optional 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Particularly preferred detergents and cleaners contain

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, surface-active substances,
• d) optionally 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• c) 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe
• b) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• d) optional 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• c) 1 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 30 wt .-%, surfactants
• b) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• d) optionally 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• d) 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• b) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) optional 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• d) 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• b) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) optionally 1 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 30 wt .-%, surfactants
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• e) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• b) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) optional 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe,
• d) optional 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• e) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• b) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, surface-active substances,
• d) optionally 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 98,5 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe,
• d) optional 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 98.5 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, surface-active substances,
• d) optionally 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 97,5 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe,
• d) 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 97.5 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, surface-active substances,
• d) 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 0,5 bis 97 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Cobuilder
• c) 1 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 2 bis 30 Gew.-%, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe,
• d) 1 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, Bleichsysteme
• e) 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, pH-Regulatoren
• f) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Furthermore, particularly preferred washing and cleaning agents

• a) 0.5 to 97 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, co-builder
• c) 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, surface-active substances,
• d) 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, bleaching systems
• e) 0.5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, pH regulators
• f) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

Special detergents and cleaners contain 1 to 50 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention, for example, heavy duty detergents, color detergents, water softeners and stain salts, or 60 to 100 wt .-% thereof, eg modular detergent systems.
Other special detergents and cleaners, for example machine-dishwashing detergents, contain from 0.5 to 30% by weight of the builder composition according to the invention.

The co-builders are preferably crystalline aluminosilicates, mono-, oligo- or polymeric or copolymeric carboxylic acids, alkali ortho-, alkali-pyro- and alkali polyphosphates, crystalline layered silicates, crystalline alkali silicates without layer structure and / or X-ray amorphous alkali metal silicates.

The bleaching systems are preferably active chlorine carriers and / or organic or inorganic active oxygen carriers (for example perborates, percarbonates, percarboxylic acids, etc.), bleach activators (for example TAED), bleach catalysts (for example according to DE 199 13 995, WO 98/23531 , WO 00/36061), enzymes for the removal of discoloration, etc.

The surface-active substances are preferably anionic, cationic, nonionic and / or zwitterionic surfactants.

As nonionic surfactants, alkyl alkoxylates, alkyl ester alkoxylates, gluconamides and / or alkylpolyglycosides are particularly preferred.

Among the alkyl alkoxylates are preferably ethoxylated alcohols, preferably primary alcohols, preferably having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and preferably 1 to 80 EO units per mole of alcohol used, wherein the alcohol radical is linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl branched Contains radicals in the mixture, as is usually the case in Oxoalkoholresten. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C ₁₁ alcohols having 3, 5, 7, 8 and 11 EO units, (C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ ) alcohols having 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 13 EO units, (C ₁₄ -C ₁₅ ) -alcohols having 4, 7 and 8 EO units, (C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ ) -alcohols having 8, 11, 15, 20, 25, 50 and 80 EO units and mixtures thereof. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number. In addition to these, it is also possible to use fatty alcohol EO / PO adducts, for example the ^® Genapol types 3970, 2909 and 2822 from Clariant GmbH.

Further suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula R ₂ CO-N (R ₃ ) -Z, in which R ₂ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R _{3 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z represents a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.

Alkylglycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x are preferably used, where R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and G is a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is preferably a number between 1 and 10, more preferably x is between 1.2 and 1.4.

Preference is given to alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described for example in Japanese Patent Application JP 58/217598 or preferably those as described in the international patent application WO A 90/13533 described methods are used.

Suitable anionic surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably the known (C ₉ -C ₁₃ ) -alkylbenzenesulfonates, alpha-olefinsulfonates and alkanesulfonates. Also suitable are esters of sulfo fatty acids or the disalts of the alpha-sulfo fatty acids. Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated Fettsäureglycerinester which mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as in the preparation by esterification by 1 mole of monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 Mole of glycerol can be obtained. Suitable alkyl sulfates are, in particular, the sulfuric acid monoesters of (C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ ) fatty alcohols, such as lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol, and the fatty alcohol mixtures obtained from coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, which additionally contain portions of unsaturated alcohols, eg Oleyl alcohol, may contain.
As further anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration. Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular those derived from natural fatty acids, such as coconut, palm kernel or tallow, soap mixtures derived. The anionic surfactants can be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, as well as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
The pH regulators are preferably soda, trona, potash, citric acid, sodium citrate and / or bicarbonate.

Finally, the detergents and cleaners may optionally contain enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase.

The invention also relates to components for detergent modular systems which preferably contain from 60 to 100% by weight of the builder composition according to the invention.

• a) 0,5 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung
• b) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-% Cobuilder
• c) optional 0 bis 15 Gew.-% grenzflächenaktive Substanzen
• d) optional 0,5 bis 80 Gew.-% pH-Regulatoren

The invention furthermore relates to water softeners which comprise at least one of the builder compositions according to the invention. Water softeners exert a performance-enhancing effect on the washing result and a protective effect with regard to the washing machine, especially in regions with high water hardness. Preferred water softeners included

• a) 0.5 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention
• b) optionally 0.5 to 80 wt .-% cobuilder
• c) optionally 0 to 15 wt .-% surfactants
• d) optionally from 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

As components a), b), c) and d), the compounds listed above are preferably used.

The builder composition according to the invention can also be used expressly as a component for the preparation of compounds for detergents and cleaners, water softeners and detergent building block systems. With compounds it is possible to achieve special effects. Thus, e.g. liquid components are incorporated into powdered or tablet-shaped detergents and cleaners. In addition, so the coloring or sprinkling of detergents and cleaners is possible. Likewise, special disintegration effects, better dispersion of difficultly dispersible components or the porosity of tablets can be achieved thereby.

• a) 70 bis 99,5 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung, bevorzugt eingesetzt als Pulver mit mittleren Teilchengrößen von 1 bis 500 µm, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 100 µm, oder in einer anderen Ausführungsform bevorzugt als Granulat mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße von 200 bis 2000 µm, bevorzugt 300 bis 900 µm, und
• b) 0,5 bis 30 Gew.-% anionische, kationische, nichtionische und/oder zwitterionische Tenside.

Compounds containing surfactants are preferred

• a) 70 to 99.5 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention, preferably used as a powder having average particle sizes of 1 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 20 to 100 .mu.m, or in another embodiment preferably as granules having an average particle size of 200 to 2000 microns, preferably 300 to 900 microns, and
• b) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of anionic, cationic, nonionic and / or zwitterionic surfactants.

As surfactants b) the surface-active compounds listed above are preferably used.

• a) 50 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung,
• b) 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-% Farbstoff
• c) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Other preferred compounds included

• a) 50 to 99% by weight of the builder composition according to the invention,
• b) 0.01 to 10 wt .-% dye
• c) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

• a) 70 bis 99 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung, bevorzugt als Pulver mit mittleren Teilchengrößen von 1 bis 500 µm, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 100 µm, oder in einer anderen Ausführungsform bevorzugt als Granulat mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße von 200 bis 2000 µm, bevorzugt 300 bis 900 µm, und
• b) 0,5 bis 30 Gew.-% Polycarboxylatcopolymeren
• c) 0,5 bis 30 Gew.-% Wasser

Compounds with polycarboxylate copolymers are preferred

• a) 70 to 99 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention, preferably as a powder having average particle sizes of 1 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 20 to 100 .mu.m, or in another embodiment preferably as granules having an average particle size of 200 to 2000 μm, preferably 300 to 900 μm, and
• b) 0.5 to 30 wt .-% polycarboxylate copolymers
• c) 0.5 to 30 wt .-% water

The polycarboxylate copolymers b) used are preferably the compounds listed above.

• a) 60 bis 99.5 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäßen Builder-Zusammensetzung, bevorzugt eingesetzt als Pulver mit mittleren Teilchengrößen von 1 bis 500 um, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 100 µm, oder in einer anderen Ausführungsform bevorzugt als Granulat mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße von 200 bis 2000 µm, bevorzugt 300 bis 900 µm, und
• b) 0,5 bis 40 Gew.-% pH-Regulatoren
• c) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe.

Compounds with pH regulators are preferred

• a) 60 to 99.5 wt .-% of the builder composition according to the invention, preferably used as a powder having average particle sizes of 1 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 20 to 100 .mu.m, or in another embodiment preferably as granules having a mean particle size of 200 to 2000 microns, preferably 300 to 900 microns, and
• b) 0.5 to 40% by weight of pH regulators
• c) ad 100 wt .-% further customary ingredients.

As pH regulators b) the compounds listed above are preferably used.

The compounds are preferably used as powders having an average particle size of 0.1 to 4000 .mu.m, more preferably 10 to 500 .mu.m, particularly preferably 20 to 200 .mu.m.

In a further preferred embodiment, the compounds are used as granules having an average particle size of 200 to 2000 .mu.m, preferably 400 to 900 .mu.m.

The compounds are preferably prepared either by agglomeration, milling, grain fractionation etc or by compaction, milling, grain fractionation, etc.

The detergents, cleaners, water softeners and kit components may e.g. in powder, granule, gel, liquid or tablet form.

To produce the tablets, the respective composition is pressed by means of a tablet press into the appropriate shape, wherein the shape may be varied (eg cylindrical, cuboid, elliptical, annular, etc.). In the case of the cylindrical shape, the ratio of radius to height may be between 0.2 to 5. The pressing pressure can be between 12 and 0.3 kN / cm ² . The pressing pressure is essentially independent of the geometric shape of the tablet.

Pressing pressures of 0.7 to 14.2 kN / cm ^{2 are} preferred for the tableting of machine-dishwashing detergents, particular preference being given to pressures of 2.8 to 10 kN / cm ² . Preference is also the multi-stage compression to more complex forms. The division into different compartments serves a certain separation of otherwise incompatible ingredients.
For multilayer tablets, arbitrary proportions of the formulation are pressed successively on one another in several steps, so that several layers result. In the case of a two-layer tablet, a layer thickness ratio of the two layers of from 1:10 to 10: 1 is particularly preferred.
Other forms of application include tablets with inserted spherical compartments. The different layers and compartments of the tablets can also be colored differently.

• a) kristallines schichtförmiges Natriumsilicat der Formel NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, wobei M Natrium oder Wasserstoff, x eine Zahl von 1,9 bis 4 und y eine Zahl von 0 bis 20 bedeuten, und
• b) Wasser oder eine wässrige Lösung bzw. Dispersion mindestens eines Waschmittelinhaltsstoffes,
• c) wobei das Verhältnis der Komponente a) zum Wasser aus der Komponente b) 0,5 : 1 bis 20: 1 beträgt,

miteinander in Kontakt bringt und nachträglich die so erhaltene Builder-Zusammensetzung bei 70 bis 150°C für 2 bis 120 min wärmebehandelt.The invention also provides a process for the preparation of a builder composition, characterized in that

• a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1 *} yH ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and
• b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one detergent ingredient,
• c) wherein the ratio of component a) to water from component b) is 0.5: 1 to 20: 1,

and subsequently subsequently treating the resulting builder composition at 70 to 150 ° C for 2 to 120 minutes.

• a) kristallinem schichtförmigem Natriumsilicat der Formel NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, wobei M Natrium oder Wasserstoff, x eine Zahl von 1,9 bis 4 und y eine Zahl von 0 bis 20 bedeuten, und
• b) Wasser oder einer wässrigen Lösung bzw. Dispersion mindestens eines Waschmittelinhaltsstoffes,
• c) wobei das Verhältnis der Komponente a) zum Wasser aus der Komponente b) 0,5:1 bis 20:1 beträgt,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Builder-Zusammensetzung bei 70 bis 150°C für 2 bis 120 min wärmebehandelt.The invention further provides a process for reducing the solvent residue of a builder composition containing an intimate mixture of

• a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1 *} yH ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and
• b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one detergent ingredient,
• c) wherein the ratio of component a) to water from component b) is 0.5: 1 to 20: 1,

characterized in that the builder composition is heat treated at 70 to 150 ° C for 2 to 120 minutes.

Under intimate mixture of components a) and b) here is a composition to understand how they after contacting the Components a) and b) and optionally subsequent mechanical further treatment. The builder composition itself may also be mixtures with other builders, such as non-layered silicates, zeolites, phosphates, etc.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention without, however, restricting it.

Determination of the phase composition of the crystalline layered sodium disilicates used:
A crushed solid sample was measured in a Philips PW1710 X-ray powder diffractometer (CuK alpha 2 radiation, wavelength 1.54439 angstroms, acceleration voltage 35 kV, heating current 28 mA, monochromator, scanning rate 3 degrees 2 theta per minute). The measured intensities were evaluated as follows: substance characteristic peak (d value in angstroms) Alpha phase 3.29 +/- 0.07, typically 3.31 Beta phase 2.97 +/- 0.06 Delta phase 3.97 +/- 0.08

$$\mathrm{Beta}-\mathrm{Gehalt}:\mathrm{\hspace{1em}B}[\%]=1,41*100*{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{b}}/\left({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{a}}+{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{d}}\right)$$

$$\mathrm{Delta}-\mathrm{Gehalt}:\mathrm{\hspace{1em}D}[\%]=100-\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{D}$$

Zur Bestimmung des röntgenamorphen Anteils (AM) wurde der Untergrund (Impulse) des Röntgenpeaks bei einem d-Wert von 2,65 Angström bestimmt (I_am) und mit folgender empirischen Formel in den Prozentgehalt umgerechnet: $$\mathrm{AM\hspace{1em}}\left[\%\right]=({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{am}}-70)*100/450$$

The crystalline percentages by weight were calculated from the intensities I _a , I _b and I _d - measured in pulses - of the alpha, beta and delta phases according to the following formulas: $$\mathrm{alpha}-\mathrm{salary}:\mathrm{A}[\%]=100*{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{a}}/\left({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{a}}+{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{b}}+{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{d}}\right)$$

$$\mathrm{beta}-\mathrm{salary}:\mathrm{B}[\%]=1.41*100*{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{b}}/\left({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{a}}+{\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{d}}\right)$$

$$\mathrm{delta}-\mathrm{salary}:\mathrm{D}[\%]=100-\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{D}$$

To determine the X-ray amorphous fraction (AM), the background (impulses) of the X-ray peak was determined at a d value of 2.65 angstroms (I _am ) and converted into the percentage by the following empirical formula: $$\mathrm{AT\; THE}\left[\%\right]=({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{at\; the}}-70)*100/450$$

If in an analysis not only the crystalline parts but also X-ray amorphous parts are mentioned, the contents A, B, C were corrected for AM.

Compacting, Grinding, and Grain Fractionation of the Builder Compositions: In a roll compactor (Hosokawa-Bepex), the feed stock was conveyed between the compactor rolls by means of a plug screw (step 5 setting). This happened so fast that a line press force of 2 to 200 kN / cm roll width, preferably between 10 and 160 kN / cm roll width, emerged. The roll revolution was set to levels 3 to 7, the nip was 0.1 mm. The resulting slugs (length about 50 mm, thickness about 2 to 5 mm, width about 10 to 15 mm) were in a hammer mill (type UPZ, Fa. Alpine) with a Sieblochdurchmesser of 5mm at a speed of 600 to 1400 rpm Broken. From the crushed powdery product oversize (sieve with hole diameter 1000 microns) and undersize (sieve with hole diameter 300 microns) were separated. The oversize was subjected to another grinding step and sieved again. The two fractions with particle size between 300 .mu.m and 1000 .mu.m were combined.

Determination of the particle size distribution of the builder compositions by sieve analysis:
In a screening machine from the company Retsch the inserts were used with the desired sieves. The mesh size of the sieves decreased from top to bottom. 50 g of the powder to be tested were placed on the widest sieve. Due to the oscillating motion of the screening machine, the powder material was conveyed through the various screens. The residues on the sieves were balanced and calculated based on the material weight. From the values, the d ₅₀ value could be calculated.

Preparation of the test detergents:

The optical brighteners were stirred in a quarter of the amount of the molten alkyl ethoxylate and mixed in a household Multimixer (Braun) with half of the soda or bicarbonate or phosphate amount. In a plowshare mixer from Lödige, the residual soda and the total amounts of builder composition according to the invention, phosphate, zeolite, bicarbonate, citric acid or polymer were mixed for 15 minutes at 300 rpm. Thereafter, half of the remaining alkyl ethoxylate was sprayed on in 5 minutes. After all Alkanesulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alkylbenzenesulfonate, soap, antifoaming agent, phosphonate or compound with optical brightener were added and mixed for 10 minutes at 300 rev / min. In the tumble mixer, the mixture from the Lödige mixer was mixed with percarbonate, perborate, TAED or enzymes under low shear and mixed for 5 minutes.

Tabletting of detergents:

For tableting, the detergent formulations were mixed and pressed with a tablet press from Matra in the appropriate form. The pressing pressure was between 12 and 0.3 kN / cm ² . The pellets had a height of about 18 mm and a diameter of 41 mm.

Manufacture of machine dishes:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, the solid components except enzymes, bleach and perfume were initially charged and mixed well. Then the alkyl ethoxylate was sprayed on. Enzymes, perfume and bleach system were finally mixed in.

Execution of the solvent residue tests:

800 ml of tap water (water hardness 20 degrees German hardness, molar ratio Ca: Mg = about 4: 1) were heated to 20 ° C. 2 g of the test substance were added and stirred for 20 minutes with a magnetic stirrer. With the light vacuum of a water jet pump, the dispersion was drawn through a cotton fabric (type WFK 10A from wfk-Testgewebe GmbH, Christenfeld 10, 41379 Brueggen, Germany) in a Büchner funnel (diameter about 95 mm). The sieve was dried at 80 to 100 ° C for 1 hour in a convection oven. The weight increase was based on the initial weight, normalized to% and referred to as the solvent residue (KRT in%).

Example 1 (comparison):

From a commercially available crystalline layered sodium disilicate granules (SKS-6 granules, Clariant GmbH), the dissolution residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 2 (comparison):

In a plowshare mixer Lödige were from 7.52 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH, 77 wt .-% delta, 16 wt .-% alpha, 3 wt .-% beta disilicate phase , 3.8% by weight of amorphous portion, 0.2% of water) and 480 g of water 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared and the solubility residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 3 (comparison):

The powder mixture from Example 2 was processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 4 (comparison):

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 0.88 kg of water glass (type Na9 / 1 from Clariant France, SiO ₂ = 30.6% by weight) were used. %, Na ₂ O = 15.1% by weight, H ₂ O = 54.3% by weight, corresponding to Na ₂ O / SiO ₂ = 0.48 (mol / mol) and H ₂ O / SiO ₂ = 5.92 (mol / mol)) 8 kg powder mixture produced. This was processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 5:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were produced from 7.52 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 480 g of water. This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes. The dissolution residue was determined from a sample (see Table 1).

Example 6:

The heat-treated material of Example 5 was processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 7:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). This was heat-treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes and the residual solvent was determined (see Table 1).

Example 8:

As in Example 7, 8 kg powder mixture were prepared, heat-treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 9:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.88 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 120 g of water. This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 10:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.36 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 640 g of water. This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 11:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were produced from 7.76 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 240 g of water glass (type Na9 / 1 from Clariant France).

This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 12:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were produced from 6.8 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 1.2 kg of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 13:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH), 320 g of condensate and 560 g of water glass (type Na9 / 1 from Clariant France). This was heat treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 14:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 4/1 from Clariant France, SiO ₂ = 28.3% by weight) were used. , Na ₂ O = 8.3 wt .-%, H ₂ O = 63.4 wt .-%, corresponding to Na ₂ O / SiO ₂ = 0.284 (mol / mol) and H ₂ O / SiO ₂ = 7.472 (mol This was heat-treated in a drying oven at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length, about 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue of dissolution was determined. see Table 1).

Example 15:

In a heatable ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were first prepared at room temperature from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). Thereafter, the material in the mixer was heat-treated at 95 ° C for 15 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined.

Example 16:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). This was heat treated in a drying oven for 90 minutes at 45 ° C and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 17:

In a ploughshare mixer from Lödige, 8 kg of powder mixture were prepared from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). This was heat treated in a drying oven at 200 ° C for 10 minutes and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 90 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 18:

In an Eirich mixer 8 kg of powder mixture were first prepared at room temperature from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). Thereafter, the material was heat treated in a heatable ploughshare mixer Fa. Lödige 30 min at 80 ° C and in a roll compactor at a line press force of 55 kN / cm roll length processed. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 19:

In an Eirich mixer 8 kg of powder mixture were first prepared at room temperature from 7.12 kg of crystalline layered sodium disilicate (SKS-6 powder, Clariant GmbH) and 880 g of water glass (type Na 9/1 from Clariant France). Thereafter, the material was heat treated in a heatable ploughshare mixer Fa. Lödige 30 min at 80 ° C and processed in a roll compactor at a line press force of 160 kN / cm roll length. About 3 kg of good grain were obtained, from which the residue was determined (see Table 1).

Example 20 a:

From the material of Example 5, 4 kg were milled for about 60 minutes with a ball mill U 280A0 Fa. Welte, the metal-lined inside and the drum rotates at about 50 rev / min, milled. The grinding media used was 44 kg of porcelain balls. The material had a mean particle diameter of 63 microns and gave a dissolution residue of about 50%.

Example 20b:

From the material of Example 8, 4 kg for about 60 min with a ball mill U 280A0 Fa. Welte, the metal-lined inside and the drum rotates at about 50 rev / min, milled. The grinding media used was 44 kg of porcelain balls. The material had a mean particle diameter of 55 microns and gave a 7% residual solute.

Example 21a (not according to the invention)

In an Eirich mixer analogously to EP 0 849 355, 5.3 kg of builder composition according to the invention from Example 5 with 2.7 kg of a solution of acidic polycarboxylate (Stockhausen, type W78230, 45% solution, 9.5 mmol H ⁺ / g of active substance) are agglomerated to 8 kg of granules and dried to a moisture content of about 6.3%.

Example 21b:

According to US Pat. No. 5,540,855, 5.6 kg of builder composition according to the invention from Example 7 were mixed with 2.4 kg of citric acid to give 8 kg of powder mixture in a ploughshare mixer from Lödige. The mixture was processed in a roll compactor at a press pressure of 90 kN / cm roll width.

Example 21c:

According to DE 199 60 744, initially 7.6 kg of the builder composition according to the invention from Example 8 are mixed with 23 g of Sandolan Blue E-HRL 180 and then on a round plate with a solution of 53.3 g of Genapol DU 110 and 13 g of isopropanol in 304 g of water sprayed.

Examples 22 to 26:

According to the general procedure "Preparation of the test detergents", test detergents having the compositions indicated in Table 2 a were prepared.

Example 27:

In Lödige's ploughshare mixer, a water softener formulation according to Table 2 a was prepared, the solid components being mixed for 15 minutes at 300 rpm. The alkyl ethoxylate was melted and sprayed on with mixing.

Example 28:

According to the general instructions "preparation of the test detergents" and "tabletting of detergents" detergent tablets were prepared with compositions according to Table 2 a.

Examples 29 to 34:

In accordance with the general procedure "preparation of the test detergents", test detergents having the compositions indicated in Table 2 b were prepared.

Example 35:

In the ploughshare mixer from Lödige, a stain salt formulation was prepared according to Table 2 b, with the solid components being mixed for 15 minutes at 300 rpm. The alkanesulfonate was melted and sprayed on with mixing.

Examples 36 to 38:

In accordance with the general procedure "Manufacture of machine-harness cleaners", machine-harness cleaners having the compositions according to Table 3 were produced.

Example 39:

A machine dishwashing detergent gel having the composition shown in Table 4 was prepared by mixing water glass, phosphate, soda, sodium hydroxide, phosphonate, polymer, alkanesulfonate, phosphoric acid ester in a disperser (Ultraturrax, Messrs. Hanke and Kunkel). The builder composition according to the invention according to Example 20a and sodium hypochlorite are finally mixed in.

Used chemicals:

AE 1

^® Genapol OA 050, Clariant GmbH

AE 2

^® Genapol 2822, Clariant GmbH

alkanesulfonate

^® Hostapur SAS 60, Clariant GmbH

alkylbenzenesulfonate

^® Marlon ARL, Fa. Huls

antifoam

^® 11 Plv ASP3, Wacker

citric acid

Fa. Jungbunzlauer

CMC

^® Tylose 2000, Clariant GmbH

Enzyme 1

^® Termamyl 60T, Solvay Enzymes

Enzyme 2

^® Termamyl 120T, from Solvay Enzymes

Enzyme 3

^® Savinase 6.0 TW, Solvay Enzymes

NaDCC

Fa. Olin Chemicals

Sodium acetate th

Merck KGaA

sodium bicarbonate

Solvay

sodium chloride

Merck KGaA

Sodium citrate th

Fa. Jungbunzlauer

sodium hydroxide

Microprills 100%, Riedel-de Haen

sodium hypochlorite

Fa. Celanese GmbH

Sodium metasilicate ph

Fa. Van Baerle

Sodium perborate mh

Degussa

Sodium perborate th

Degussa

sodium

^® Oxyper C, Solvay Interox

Sodium phosphate 1

Sodium tripolyphosphate, Fa. Thermphos Intl.

Sodium phosphate 2

^® Makrophos 1018, BK Giulini

Sodium phosphate 3

^® Thermphos northwest coarse, Fa. Thermphos Intl.

sodium sulphate

Solvay

Sodium silicate

45.5% active substance, module 2.0, Clariant France SA

Opt. Brightener

^® Tinopal CBS-X, Ciba

Perfume

Lemon Perfume 78122D, Fa Orissa

Phosphonate 1

^® Dequest 2041, Monsanto

Phosphonate 2

^® Dequest 200, Monsanto

Polycarboxylate 1

^® Sokalan CP5 powder, BASF

Polycarboxylate 2

^® Sokalan CP45, BASF

Polycarboxylate 3

^® Sokalan CP5 liquid, BASF

polyvinylpyrrolidone

^® Sokalan HP50, BASF

Soap

^® Liga basic soap HM11 E

soda

Schwersoda, Fa. Matthes & Weber

Soil release polymer

^® Texcare SRA-100, Clariant GmbH

TAED 1

^® Peractive AN, Clariant GmbH

TAED 2

^® Peractive AC White, Clariant GmbH

Zeolite A

^® Wessalith P, Degussa

Table 1: Examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 See See See See PLVR grain PLVR grain grain grain grain grain grain grain grain grain grain grain grain SKS-6 (% by weight) 97.1 94 94 89 94 94 89 89 98.5 92 97 85 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 Water (% by weight) 2.9 6 6 - 6 6 - - 1.5 8th - - 4 - - - - - - Water glass (wt.%) - - - 11 - - 11 11 - - 3 15 7 11 11 11 11 11 11 Water Glass Type - - - a) - - a) a) - - a) a) a) b) a) a) a) a) a) SKS-6 / H ₂ O (mol / mol) 3.31 1.55 1.55 1.47 1.55 1.55 1.47 1.47 6.49 1.14 5.89 1.03 2.29 1.26 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 SKS-6 / WMI (w / w) - - - 17.7 - - 17.7 17.7 - - 70.75 12.4 27.82 22.11 17.7 17.7 17.7 17.7 17.7 Storage time (min) - 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 15 90 10 30 30 Storage temp. (° C) - - - - 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 95 45 200 80 80 Pressing pressure (kN / cm) - - 90 90 - 90 - 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 55 160 Solvent residue (%) 55 85 50 53 65 18 60 6 25 15 17 12 8th 7 13 16 12 19 9 d ₅₀ (μm) 640 - - - - - 150 670 - - - - - - - - - - - a) = Na 9/1
b) = Na 4/1
Cf. Comparative Example
Plvr = powder
Gran = granules
WMI = detergent content Table 2 a: Examples 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Phyllosilicate from Ex. 13 [%] 45 15 - 10 10 15 12 Phyllosilicate from Ex. 8 [%] - - 5 - - - - Zeolite A [%] - 20 20 - 30 40 13 Sodium phosphate 1 [%] - - - 25 - - - Polycarboxylate 1 [%] - 6 3 - 7 7 8th soda [%] - 13 18 - - 15 10 sodium bicarbonate [%] 15 - - - 18 5 - Sodium perborate mh [%] - 18 - - - - - Sodium perborate th [%] - - 20 20 - - - sodium [%] 18 - - - - - 10 TAED 1 [%] 5 5 2.5 - - - 5 alkylbenzenesulfonate [%] - 9 9 6.7 8th - 14 alkanesulfonate [%] - - - - - - - AE 1 [%] 10 8th 5 2.2 10 2 4 Soap [%] - 1.5 - - 1 2 1.5 antifoam [%] 1 1 0.6 0.6 1 - 1 Enzyme 1 [%] 1.5 1.5 0.6 0.6 1.5 - 1 Enzyme 3 [%] 1.5 1.5 0.6 0.6 1.5 - 1 Opt. Brightener [%] 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 - - 0.5 Phosphonate 1 [%] 0.2 - 0.1 0.1 0.2 - 0.2 citric acid [%] - - - - 2 5 5 polyvinylpyrrolidone [%] - - - - 1 - - Soil release polymer [%] - - - - 0.8 - 1 CMC [%] - - - - 1 - - sodium sulphate [%] 2.3 - 15.4 34 7 9 5.8 sodium chloride [%] - - - - - - - Sodium acetate th [%] - - - - - - 7 dosage - 65 g 72 g 135 g 135 g 72 g 30 g 2 * 40g Table 2 b: Examples 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Phyllosilicate from Ex. 13 [%] 20 - - 4 - - 9 Phyllosilicate from Ex. 8 [%] - 20 - - 12 - - Phyllosilicate from Ex. 19 [%] - - 40 - - 5 - Zeolite A [%] 31 31 16 29 - - - Sodium phosphate 1 [%] - - - - - - - Polycarboxylate 1 [%] 5 - 3 3 2 2 - soda [%] - 5 5 40 29 76 34 sodium bicarbonate [%] - - - - - - - Sodium perborate mh [%] - - - - - 3 - Sodium perborate th [%] - - - - - 2 - sodium [%] - - - - - - 21 TAED 1 [%] - - - - - - 7 alkylbenzenesulfonate [%] 10 30 - 7 6.5 - - alkanesulfonate [%] - - - 9 4.5 9 4 AE 1 [%] 25 7 18 3 - 3 - Soap [%] - - 13 - - - 1 antifoam [%] - - - - - - - Enzyme 1 [%] 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 - - - Enzyme 3 [%] 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 - - - Opt. Brightener [%] - 0.5 - - - - - Phosphonate 1 [%] - - - - - - - citric acid [%] - - - - - - - polyvinylpyrrolidone [%] - - - - - - - Soil release polymer [%] - - - - - - - CMC [%] - - - - - - - sodium sulphate [%] 6 5.5 4 4.4 - - 22 sodium chloride [%] - - - - 46 - 2 Sodium acetate th [%] - - - - - - - dosage - 0.5 g / l 0.5 g / l 0.5 g / l 80 g 80 g 150 g 40 g Table 3: Examples 36 37 38 Phyllosilicate from Ex. 13 [%] 5 - - Phyllosilicate from Ex. 14 [%] - 5.2 - Phyllosilicate from Ex. 17 [%] - - 3 Sodium phosphate 2 [%] - 47 20 Sodium metasilicate ph [%] - - 47 soda [%] 32.7 27.5 18 sodium hydroxide [%] - - 8th Sodium citrate th [%] 35.0 - - sodium [%] 10 - - Sodium perborate mh [%] - 10 - NaDCC [%] - - 1 Polycarboxylate 2 [%] 7.5 3.5 - TAED 2 [%] 5 2 - Enzyme 2 [%] 1.5 1.5 - Enzyme 3 [%] 1.5 1.5 - AE 2 [%] 1.5 1.5 3 Perfume [%] 0.3 0.3 - dosage - 20 g 20 g 2 g / l Table 4: example 39 Sodium phosphate 3 [%] 25 Phyllosilicate.from Ex. 13 [%] 5 soda [%] 1 sodium hydroxide [%] 1 Phosphonate 2 [%] 0.5 Polycarboxylate 3 [%] 2 alkanesulfonate [%] 1.5 water glass [%] 35 sodium hypochlorite [%] 9 water [%] 20 dosage [G] 40

Claims (38)

1. A builder composition obtainable by bringing

   a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and

   b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one detergent ingredient from the group of alkali metal silicates, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, polyethylene glycols, bentonites, hectorites and/or saponites,

   c) where the molar ratio of component a) to the water from component b) is 0.5:1 to 20:1,

   into contact with one another and subsequently heat-treating the resulting builder composition at 70 to 150°C for 2 to 120 min.
2. The builder composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) comprises 0 to 40% by weight of alpha-sodium disilicate, 0 to 40% by weight of beta-sodium disilicate, 40 to 100% by weight of delta-sodium disilicate and 0 to 40% by weight of amorphous fractions.
3. The builder composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) comprises 80 to 100% by weight of delta-sodium disilicate.
4. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crystalline layered sodium silicate a) comprises additional cationic and/or anionic constituents.
5. The builder composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the molar ratio c) of crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to the water of component b) is 1:1 to 20:1, preferably 1:1 to 10:1.
6. The builder composition as claimed in claim 1-5, wherein the alkali metal silicates are waterglasses of molar composition Me₂O : SiO₂ equal to 0.2:1 to 1:1 where Me = Na and/or K and H₂O : SiO₂ equal to 0.9:1 to 250:1.
7. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weight ratio of crystalline layered sodium silicate a) to the detergent ingredients is 5:1 to 1000:1, preferably 7:1 to 200:1.
8. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the duration of the heat treatment is 10 to 120 min.
9. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the builder composition is kept in motion during the heat treatment.
10. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the builder composition obtained by bringing components a) and b) into contact is also further treated mechanically before and/or after the heat treatment.
11. The builder composition as claimed in claim 10, wherein the mechanical further treatment involves compaction, preferably roll compaction, granulation, grinding, comminution and/or size fractionation.
12. The builder composition as claimed in claim 11, wherein the roll compaction is carried out with a linear compression force of from 2 to 200 kN/cm of roll width and a temperature of from 20 to 200°C.
13. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the components a) and b) are firstly brought into contact, then the resulting builder composition is heat-treated, then compacted, then ground and finally size-fractionated.
14. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the components a) and b) are firstly brought into contact, then the resulting builder composition is heat-treated, then ground/comminuted and finally size-fractionated.
15. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the components a) and b) are firstly brought into contact, then the resulting builder composition is compacted, then ground, then size-fractionated and finally heat-treated.
16. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the builder composition is a powder with an average particle size of from 0.1 to 4000 µm, particularly preferably 10 to 500 µm, especially preferably 20 to 200 µm.
17. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the builder composition is a granulate with an average particle size of from 200 to 2000 µm, preferably 400 to 900 µm.
18. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the builder composition is a ground granulate with an average particle size of from 0.1 to 300 µm, preferably 10 to 200 µm.
19. The builder composition as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the dissolution residue of an aqueous 0.25% by weight solution at 20°C and after stirring for 20 minutes is less than or equal to 50%.
20. A laundry detergent or cleaner comprising at least one builder composition corresponding to at least one of claims 1 to 19.
21. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    b) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances

    d) optionally 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
22. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances

    d) optionally 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
23. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    c) 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances

    b) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    d) optionally 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
24. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    d) 1 to 70% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, of bleaching systems

    b) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
25. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    e) 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    b) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) optionally 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances,

    d) optionally 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
26. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 98.5% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances

    d) optionally 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
27. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 97.5% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances,

    d) 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
28. The laundry detergent or cleaner as claimed in claim 20, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 97% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) 1 to 50% by weight of interface-active substances,

    d) 1 to 70% by weight of bleaching systems

    e) 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators

    f) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
29. A water softener comprising at least one builder composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 19.
30. The water softener as claimed in claim 29, comprising

    a) 0.5 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    b) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders

    c) optionally 0 to 15% by weight of interface-active substances

    d) optionally 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators
31. A compound comprising at least one builder composition corresponding to at least one of claims 1 to 19.
32. The compound as claimed in claim 31, comprising

    a) 70 to 99.5% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 30% by weight of anionic, cationic, nonionic and/or zwitterionic surfactants.
33. The compound as claimed in claim 31, comprising

    a) 50 to 99% by weight of the builder composition,

    b) 0.01 to 10% by weight of dye

    c) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
34. The compound as claimed in claim 31, comprising

    a) 70 to 99% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 30% by weight of polycarboxylate copolymers

    b) 0.5 to 30% by weight of water
35. The compound as claimed in claim 31, comprising

    a) 60 to 99.5% by weight of the builder composition

    b) 0.5 to 40% by weight of pH regulators

    c) ad 100% by weight of further customary ingredients.
36. The composition as claimed in at least one of claims 20 to 35 in the form of a tablet.
37. A process for the preparation of a builder composition, which comprises bringing

    a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and

    b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one detergent ingredient,

    c) where the molar ratio of component a) to the water from component b) is 0.5:1 to 20:1,

    into contact with one another and subsequently heat-treating the resulting builder composition at 70 to 150°C for 2 to 120 min.
38. A method of reducing the dissolution residue of a builder composition comprising an intimate mixture of

    a) crystalline layered sodium silicate of the formula NaMSi_xO_2x+1*yH₂O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and

    b) water or an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one laundry detergent ingredient,

    c) where the molar ratio of component a) to the water from component b) is 0.5:1 to 20:1,

    which comprises heat-treating the builder composition at 70 to 150°C for 2 to 120 min.