EP1252430B1 - Integriertes luft-brennstoff-modul mit niedrigen brennstoff-gas-emissionen - Google Patents

Integriertes luft-brennstoff-modul mit niedrigen brennstoff-gas-emissionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1252430B1
EP1252430B1 EP00955532A EP00955532A EP1252430B1 EP 1252430 B1 EP1252430 B1 EP 1252430B1 EP 00955532 A EP00955532 A EP 00955532A EP 00955532 A EP00955532 A EP 00955532A EP 1252430 B1 EP1252430 B1 EP 1252430B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
air
valve
fuel
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00955532A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1252430A1 (de
EP1252430A4 (de
Inventor
Keith Allen Confer
Thomas W. Newman
Charles Wilson Braun
Michael Roland Brosseau
Daniel Frederick Smith
Curtis David Lamb
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1252430A1 publication Critical patent/EP1252430A1/de
Publication of EP1252430A4 publication Critical patent/EP1252430A4/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10216—Fuel injectors; Fuel pipes or rails; Fuel pumps or pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10281—Means to remove, re-atomise or redistribute condensed fuel; Means to avoid fuel particles from separating from the mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/116—Intake manifolds for engines with cylinders in V-arrangement or arranged oppositely relative to the main shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold

Definitions

  • This invention relates to control of engine evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons and to a low emission integrated air fuel module capable of containing such emissions.
  • a third common source of hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere is permeation of the fuel through the materials of the system.
  • Hydrocarbons can permeate most composite and elastomer materials commonly used in the automotive engine environment. Small amounts of hydrocarbons therefore leak through the walls of composite components in the system and through the elastomer O-rings and seals at the interfaces in the system. This leakage is increased with higher fuel pressures driving the hydrocarbons out through the walls.
  • US 5 740 779 discloses an apparatus for reducing evaporative emissions comprising a butterfly value adapted to close the inlet passage of a carburetor when the engine is switched off.
  • the present invention provides an integrated air fuel module for an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 that reduces or eliminates the escape of hydrocarbon evaporative emissions from the integrated air fuel module system, sub systems and components.
  • the integrated air fuel module includes containment means, such as a valve or carbon adsorber, that blocks the escape of evaporated hydrocarbon emissions from the air inlet of an internal combustion engine during engine off conditions.
  • the module provides a reduced number of potential external hydrocarbon leak and permeation paths to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • Preferred geometries of the intake manifold in the module with the internal integration of other normally external systems, such as fuel injection and positive crankcase ventilation systems, accomplish the containment of evaporative emissions within or entering the air fuel module between engine operating periods when the engine is shut down.
  • Module 10 generally indicates an exemplary low evaporative emissions integrated air fuel module for an internal combustion engine, the module including features according to the invention.
  • Module 10 includes a housing 12 internally defining an air system 14.
  • the air system includes in series an inlet portion 16 for admitting charge air, a throttle control portion 18 having a throttle valve 20 for controlling air flow, a connecting portion 22, or zip tube, for tuning the air flow, an inlet plenum 24 for distributing and balancing the air flow, and a plurality of intake runners 26.
  • the runners 26 connect individually with the plenum and connect the plenum 24 with outlet ports 28 along a cylinder head interface 30 coplanar with a mounting flange 32 of the housing 12.
  • the runners 26 and outlet ports 28 distribute the air flow to inlet ports of an engine, not shown, for intermittent admission to associated cylinders during operation of the engine.
  • the inlet portion includes containment means for limiting the escape of evaporative emissions from within the air system through the inlet portion between periods of engine operation, that is, when the engine is stopped.
  • Air system 14 includes an exemplary embodiment of containment means in the form of a containment valve 34, shown in further detail with the inlet portion 16 in FIG. 2.
  • Valve 34 includes a pivotable edge mounted flapper type valve element 36 including a sharp edged sealing portion 38 engagable, when the valve is closed, with a valve seat 40 of an air inlet 42 in the inlet portion 16.
  • a variable force spring 44 engages the valve element to bias the valve in a closing direction.
  • the spring 44 may be a curved spring steel tape shaped similarly to a steel rule tape but used as a spring. In the closed position shown in solid lines, the spring is positioned to exert a maximum force to hold the valve element 36 firmly against the valve seat 40. When the valve is opened, the spring flattens and bends easily to allow opening of the valve against a lower spring force.
  • An actuator 46 is provided for pivoting the valve element to the open position shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 and 2. Any suitable form of actuator may be used which is responsive to signals indicating operating and shutdown conditions of the engine.
  • the illustrated actuator represents a vacuum motor 46 that opens the valve in response to vacuum in the air system 14, which indicates that the engine is in operation.
  • the vacuum motor 46 allows the valve to be closed and held in place by the spring 44 when loss of vacuum with near ambient pressure in the air system indicates that the engine is stopped.
  • Containment valve 34 and vacuum motor 46 are only exemplary of the many forms of suitable containment means and actuators which could be used within the scope of the invention. Any suitable electric, pneumatic or fluid actuator might be used with appropriate controls if needed. Containment means may include many forms of valves, including pivoting blades, plungers, reed valves and other check valves, as examples. Instead of valves, carbon adsorbers may provide adequate containment of evaporative emissions and could be used as containment means within the scope of the invention.
  • the air fuel module 10 also includes a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system 50, which is primarily contained within the air system 14 of the housing 12.
  • the PCV system 50 includes a ventilation inflow passage 52 that connects the air inlet portion between the containment valve 34 and the throttle valve 20 with a ventilation outlet 54 at the cylinder head interface 30 of the housing.
  • a ventilation outflow passage 56 is also provided which extends from the interface 30 to the air system 14 downstream of the throttle valve 20.
  • Passages 52, 56 are defined by walls that are primarily contained within the housing defined air system 14 of the module 10. When the module 10 is installed on an engine, the passages 52, 56, including outlet 54, are connected with the crankcase chamber of the engine for passing ventilation air through the crankcase.
  • a PCV valve 58 is located in the ventilation outflow passage 56 to control the flow of air and crankcase vapors through the PCV system.
  • the air fuel module 10 further includes a fuel injection system 60 that is primarily contained within the air system 14 of the housing 12.
  • Fuel injection system 60 includes one or more fuel rails 62 that extend longitudinally within the housing 12.
  • a plurality of fuel injectors 64 are connected with the fuel rail(s) to receive pressurized fuel supplied from a source external to the module housing 12.
  • the fuel rail(s) 62 and the injectors 64 are mounted entirely within the housing 12 and the air system 14 defined by the housing.
  • the injectors are positioned to spray fuel out through the outlet ports 28 from the runners 26 to mix with air in the intake ports and cylinders of the associated engine, not shown).
  • the mounting locations of the injectors and all the connections with the fuel rails and of the fuel rails with incoming fuel lines are contained with the air system 14.
  • any leakage of evaporative emissions from the internal portions of the fuel system will be contained within the air system and drawn into the engine during engine operation.
  • a molded housing may require treatment of at least the outer walls to maintain containment of evaporated hydrocarbons and other substances within the housing when the engine is shut down.
  • the housing 12, or at least its outer walls may be made from cast aluminum or other metal having low permeability.
  • the housing 12 is preferably made as a plastic molding in three sections, an entry conduit 66, an upper manifold 68 and a lower manifold 70.
  • the lower manifold 70 includes the mounting interface 30 and the lower portions of the plenum 24 and runners 26 as well as the components of the fuel injection system 60.
  • the upper manifold 68 includes upper portions of the plenum 24 and runners 26.
  • the PCV system passages 52, 56 extend into both manifold sections 68, 70 but the PCV valve 58 is mounted in the upper manifold.
  • the entry conduit 66 is mounted on the upper manifold 68 and is removable to allow access to service the PCV valve.
  • the air fuel module 72 there disclosed further includes within a housing 74, a coolant crossover 76 having internal passages, not shown, for carrying coolant between cylinder banks of an associated V-8 engine.
  • a liquid cooled electrical alternator 78 is mounted within the crossover 76 and is cooled by coolant in the passages during engine operation.
  • the figure also shows a side mounted electric throttle control 80 for the internal throttle valve.
  • the housing 74 is made in two sections, including an upper manifold 82 mounted on a lower manifold 84. The latter includes a mounting flange 86 coplanar with the lower interface, not shown, that mounts on the associated engine cylinder heads.
  • the elements of the module 72 are essentially similar to those of module 10 in FIG. 1.
  • the containment valve 34 is opened upon starting of the engine, and remains open, allowing the entry of charging air into the module air system 14. Vaporized hydrocarbons and other vapors retained in the air system are drawn into the engine with the new air charges and burned in the engine. Any fuel vapors seeping into the air system 14 during engine operation are likewise drawn into the engine and burned along with the crankcase vapors flushed out by the PCV system 50, which are drawn from the engine crankcase by vacuum in the module downstream of the throttle valve 20. The inlet air controlled by the throttle valve and including any added crankcase vapors continues through the manifold connecting portion or zip tube 22 and enters the inlet plenum 24.
  • the air is then drawn into the individual engine cylinders through the intake runners 26 and outlet ports 28 of the module into associated intake ports of the engine.
  • Fuel is added to the incoming air by the fuel injectors 64 that are part of the fuel injection system 60 enclosed within the air fuel module 10.
  • the fuel is sprayed from the module directly into the cylinder head intake ports, not shown, and normally against the intake valve to assist vaporization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul (10) für einen Verbrennungsmotor zur Aufnahme von Kraftstoffdampf in einem Ansaugsystem des Motors zwischen Perioden eines Motorbetriebs, wobei das Modul umfasst:
    ein Gehäuse (12), das intern ein Luftsystem (14) mit einem Einlassabschnitt (16) und einer Vielzahl von Ansaugkrümmern (26) definiert, die mit dem Einlassabschnitt (16) verbunden sind und sich zu Auslasskanälen (28) erstrecken, die für eine Verbindung mit zugehörigen Ansaugkanälen des Motors ausgebildet sind, in denen Kraftstoff mit Luft aus dem Luftsystem gemischt wird; und
    gekennzeichnet ist durch
    ein Aufnahme-Mittel in dem Einlassabschnitt des Luftsystems, das zwischen Perioden eines Motorbetriebs wirksam ist, um das Entweichen von Kraftstoffdämpfen, die nach einem Abstellen des Motors in das Luftsystem eintreten oder darin verbleiben, durch den Einlassabschnitt zu begrenzen;
    wobei das Aufnahme-Mittel umfasst: ein Aufnahme-Ventil (34), das wirksam ist, um den Einlassabschnitt (16) des Luftsystems bei Abstellen des Motors zu schließen und den Einlassabschnitt für ein Einströmen von Luft bei einem Neustart des Motors zu öffnen, eine Feder (44) mit variabler Kraft, die mit dem Aufnahme-Ventil (34) in Eingriff steht, um das Ventil (34) in einer Schließrichtung vorzuspannen, wobei die Feder (44) eine größere Kraft ausübt, wenn das Ventil (34) geschlossen ist, als wenn das Ventil (34) offen ist, um ein sicheres Schließen des Ventils gegen ein Entweichen von Emissionen aufrecht zu erhalten.
  2. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Luftsystem (14) einen Drosselklappensteuerungsabschnitt (18) mit einer Drosselklappe (20), einen Verbindungsabschnitt (22) und einen Einlassluftsammler (24) aufweist, die alle in Serie zwischen dem Einlassabschnitt (16) und den Ansaugkrümmern (26) verbunden angeordnet sind.
  3. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 2, umfassend: ein PCV-System (50), das primär in dem Luftsystem (14) des Gehäuses (12) enthalten ist, wobei das PCV-System einen Entlüftungseinströmungskanal (52), der das Luftsystem oberstromig der Drosselklappe mit einem Entlüftungsauslass verbindet, der für eine Verbindung mit einer Kurbelgehäusekammer eines zugehörigen Motors eingerichtet ist, und einen Entlüftungsausströmungskanal (56) umfasst, der zum Verbinden der Kurbelgehäusekammer mit dem Luftsystem unterstromig der Drosselklappe eingerichtet ist, und ein PCV-Ventil (58) in dem Ausströmungskanal (56) zum Steuern einer Entlüftung durch das PCV-System, wobei Kurbelgehäusedämpfe innerhalb des PCV-Systems oder aus diesem austretend im Wesentlichen innerhalb des Luftsystems eingeschlossen und durch das Aufnahme-Mittel zurückgehalten werden, wenn der Motor abgestellt ist.
  4. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 1, umfassend ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem (60), das primär innerhalb des Luftsystems (14) des Gehäuses (12) enthalten ist, wobei die Kraftstoffeinspritzdüsen (64) für ein Einspritzen eines Kraftstoffnebels durch die Auslasskanäle (28) des Luftsystems in die zugehörigen Motoransaugkanäle befestigt sind, wobei Kraftstoffdampfemissionen innerhalb des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems oder aus diesem austretend im Wesentlichen innerhalb des Luftsystems eingeschlossen und durch das Aufnahme-Mittel zurückgehalten werden, wenn der Motor abgestellt ist.
  5. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Aufnahme-Ventil durch ein Stellglied betätigt wird, das auf Signale anspricht, die Betriebs- und Abstellzustände des zugehörigen Motors anzeigen.
  6. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Stellglied einen ersten Vakuummotor umfasst, der mit dem Gehäuseluftsystem verbunden ist, und auf ein Vakuum in dem Luftsystem anspricht, um das Aufnahme-Ventil zu öffnen, wobei die Feder (44) das Ventil bei einem Vakuumverlust schließt.
  7. Luft- / Kraftstoffmodul nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Feder (44) ein gekrümmtes Federstahlband ist.
EP00955532A 1999-08-16 2000-08-15 Integriertes luft-brennstoff-modul mit niedrigen brennstoff-gas-emissionen Expired - Lifetime EP1252430B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14914299P 1999-08-16 1999-08-16
US149142P 1999-08-16
PCT/US2000/022297 WO2001012973A1 (en) 1999-08-16 2000-08-15 Low evaporative emissions integrated air fuel module

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1252430A1 EP1252430A1 (de) 2002-10-30
EP1252430A4 EP1252430A4 (de) 2004-05-12
EP1252430B1 true EP1252430B1 (de) 2007-01-17

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EP00955532A Expired - Lifetime EP1252430B1 (de) 1999-08-16 2000-08-15 Integriertes luft-brennstoff-modul mit niedrigen brennstoff-gas-emissionen

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EP (1) EP1252430B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60033057T2 (de)
WO (1) WO2001012973A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101566114B (zh) * 2008-04-24 2014-11-26 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 具有整体式曲轴箱通风系统的进气组件

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KR100405731B1 (ko) * 2001-10-11 2003-11-14 현대자동차주식회사 내연기관의 블로바이 가스 환원시스템 및 그 제어방법
US7458366B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2008-12-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fugitive hydrocarbon treatment module for internal combustion engine air intake system
US6692551B2 (en) 2002-07-17 2004-02-17 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Air cleaner assembly and process
US6752859B2 (en) 2002-10-02 2004-06-22 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Air cleaner assembly for reducing pollutants from being discharged into the atmosphere
US7578285B2 (en) 2005-11-17 2009-08-25 Basf Catalysts Llc Hydrocarbon adsorption filter for air intake system evaporative emission control
US8020541B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-09-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Positive crankcase ventilation system

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CN101566114B (zh) * 2008-04-24 2014-11-26 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 具有整体式曲轴箱通风系统的进气组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001012973A1 (en) 2001-02-22
DE60033057D1 (de) 2007-03-08
DE60033057T2 (de) 2007-05-31
EP1252430A1 (de) 2002-10-30
EP1252430A4 (de) 2004-05-12

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