EP1251243B1 - Turbinenschaufel mit Kühlluftleiteinrichtung - Google Patents
Turbinenschaufel mit Kühlluftleiteinrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1251243B1 EP1251243B1 EP02290964A EP02290964A EP1251243B1 EP 1251243 B1 EP1251243 B1 EP 1251243B1 EP 02290964 A EP02290964 A EP 02290964A EP 02290964 A EP02290964 A EP 02290964A EP 1251243 B1 EP1251243 B1 EP 1251243B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- blade
- air
- turbine
- deflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003456 pulmonary alveoli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
- F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
- F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dawn for turbine, the dawn being reported on a disk of the turbine and being cooled by a circulation internal air.
- An axial turbine stage is composed a vanes grid called distributor and a mobile blade grid called a wheel. It exists monobloc wheels where blades and disc form a unique piece. There are also paddle wheels reported where blades and disk are assembled mechanically, usually by feet of fir.
- Figure 1A is a partial view of a dawn 1 mounted on a disk 2, the view being represented in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the turbine. It shows more precisely the foot 3 of the dawn 1 in position in a cell 4 of the disk 2. The foot is shown in section along the axis of a channel 5 bringing the air cooling from the bottom of the cell 4 to the internal cooling circuit and not represented from dawn. Cooling air circulates in the cell 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the figure. In the example shown, the air is introduced by one end of the cell, corresponding on one side of the so-called upstream face disc, and goes up in the channel (or channels) 5, the other end of the cell, corresponding to the other side of the disk or downstream face, being closed.
- the cooling air taken from the compressor output is injected through a flange pressed against the upstream face of the disc for seal the air circuit.
- the flange is often kept on the disc by a system of hooks called jabots.
- the hooks also provide another function. They give the cooling air itself directing to the cells a rotational speed equal to that of the rotor of the turbine. Looks like cooling then arrives in front of the cell in turning at the same speed as she and enters at inside the cell without side effects.
- WO-A-99 47792 discloses a dawn for turbine, the blade having a foot allowing bring it back into a cell of a disk of the turbine.
- Dawn has an internal circuit of air cooling comprising inlet means of air located on the foot of the dawn and next to the cell, and air outlet means.
- the foot of the dawn is provided with a device allowing channel the cooling air of the dawn. This device also allows the evacuation of air from cooling after it's passed inside of dawn. The device ensures the separation of the circuits cooling air entering the dawn and coming out of dawn.
- GB-A-1 605 282 discloses a dawn for turbine, the dawn having a foot allowing to bring it back into a cell of a disk of the turbine.
- Dawn has an internal circuit of air cooling consisting of channels, comprising air inlet means located on the foot dawn and next to the alveolus, and means of air outlet located at the end of the blade.
- the foot of the dawn is provided with a cooling tube to bring the cooling air from the suction air manifold to the air inlets.
- US-A-4 348 157 discloses a dawn for turbine, reported on a disk by means of a foot.
- Dawn has an internal circuit of air cooling comprising an inlet port air.
- the air inlet is not located on the foot of dawn and next to the receiving cell of this foot but in the connecting part between the foot and dawn, that is, in the leg.
- Passages are provided to bring cooling air to the air intakes of the blades. These passages can understand deflectors.
- US-A-4 178 129 discloses a system cooling turbine blades by circulation air. Each dawn has a foot allowing the bring into a cell a disc of the turbine. Dawn has an internal cooling circuit by air comprising air inlet means located on the foot of dawn. The cooling air is sent either in an air supply chamber of cooling in which the channels of cooling, either directly in the edge channel attacking through a Pitot receiver.
- incoming cooling air is brought in by a tube-shaped device communicating with the orifices of the cooling channels.
- the device shaped tube can have size orifices suitable for the openings of the channels or orifices corresponding substantially to the width of the cell. In both cases, one can not avoid the formation of a whirlwind.
- an air cooling tube is provided adapted to the width of the cell. We can not avoid the formation of a whirlpool.
- Figure 1B illustrates the phenomenon causing a loss of effectiveness of the blade cooling.
- This figure is a view of the underside of the foot 3 and bearing the reference 6 in Figure 1A.
- the channel (or channels) 5 does not have been represented.
- the flange pressed against the upstream face The disc is shown as 7.
- Under the reference 8 was figured a flange shutter the cell, side downstream side of the disc.
- the inventors came to the conclusion that when the air is no longer guided to the cell, the cooling air arrives in the cell with a rotation speed lower than when it is guided. The air is then scooped and whirls in the cell by forming a whirlwind as shown on the Figure 1B.
- the center of this whirlpool (or vortex) is a very large pressure dip that's detrimental to the dawn feeding in air from cooling.
- the present invention makes it possible to remedy this problem whenever it comes in a turbine.
- a turbine blade dawn with a foot to bring it back in a cell of a disk of the turbine, dawn having an internal air cooling circuit comprising air inlet means located on a face of the foot of the dawn and facing said cell, and air outlet means, characterized in that said face of the foot of the dawn is equipped with a deflector comprising at least one fin allowing to channel the cooling air circulating in the bottom of the cell to regulate the flow of air to the air inlet means.
- the deflector can be an integral part of dawn.
- the deflector may be a reported element on the foot of dawn and provided with means of access to air inlet means.
- the means of access may include at least one calibrated hole.
- the winglet can be straight or inclined by relation to the general axis of dawn.
- the deflector comprises at least one fin allowing channel cooling air penetrating into the cell and at least one fin allowing channel repressed air towards the center of the cell.
- Figure 2A is a view of a dawn 11 according to the invention and mounted on a disk 12, the view being represented in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the turbine as for Figure 1A.
- The: foot 13 of the dawn 11 is in position in a cell 14 of the disk 12.
- the foot is shown in section along the axis of a canal 15 bringing the cooling air from the bottom of cell 14 to the cooling circuit internal and not represented at dawn.
- the circulation of the air in the cell is as described previously for Figure 1A.
- the blade of FIG. 2A is equipped with a deflector 20 secured to the lower face 16 of the dawn foot.
- the deflector 20 has fins to channel the cooling air circulating in the bottom of the cell 14.
- Figure 2A shows that the deflector has a hole 21 in correspondence with channel 15 and serving as channel access for cooling air. This hole can be a calibrated hole whose realization is easy to get on a piece such as a baffle reported.
- FIG 2B corresponding to Figure 1B for the prior art, shows by arrows which way is channeled the cooling air to the bottom of the cell between the flanges 17 and 18 of the disc 12.
- the deflector is equipped with two fins 22 and 23 located on either side of the axis of alignment of the holes 21.
- the fins are arranged so as to form a species of chicane.
- the baffle shown has four holes for the passage of air from cooling.
- the deflector can be a patch by welding or brazing on the blade root. In a variant, the deflector can be an integral part of dawn.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of deflector 20 mentioned above. This figure allows to better see the fins 22 and 23 as well as the holes 21.
- FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view a turbine equipped with a blade according to the invention.
- the FIG. 4 shows a blade 11 equipped with a deflector 20 and mounted in a cavity 14 of the disc 12.
- figure can also see flange 17 plated against the upstream face of the disk 12 and the flange 18 shutter of the cell.
- the cooling air is taken in chamber background and accelerated through a series injectors such as the injector 31. This air passes then through holes, such as hole 32, pierced on the flask 17 and goes back to the funds of alveoli as indicated by arrows on the Figure 4. In broken lines, the hooks or claws that the invention allows to remove.
- Figures 5 and 6 show, in position on the underside of a dawn foot, others forms of deflectors usable by this invention.
- the deflector 40 comprises two fins 41 and 42 present along the entire length of the deflector. Holes 43 for access to the channels of blades are also represented.
- the deflector 50 comprises a first series of fins 51 and 53, located in a side of the baffle, and a second set of fins 52 and 54, located on the other side of the baffle.
- the fins are arranged to form baffles. of the 55 holes access to the channels of the vanes are also represented.
- the deflector may also include one or several fins curved shape and allowing a guiding the cooling air along a path more evolutionary.
- Figures 7 to 10 give, as examples, other forms of usable deflectors by the present invention. All these views are cross-sectional representations made according to a hole for the passage of cooling air.
- the deflector 60 of FIG. rail shape It has fins 61 and 62 arranged at right angles to the support face 63 of the deflector on the dawn foot.
- the fins 61 and 62 can run the full length of the baffle or be interrupted to form baffles.
- the deflector 70 has fins 71 and 72 which flare in relation to the bearing face 73 of the deflector on the dawn foot.
- the baffle 80 has fins 81 and 82 which are going to closer to the bearing face 83 of the deflector on the dawn foot.
- the baffle 90 includes four parallel fins 91, 92, 93 and 94 arranged at right angles to the support face 95 of the deflector on the dawn foot.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a gain of static pressure in the center of the cell that fills at about 75% the pressure dip existing without the layout brought.
- This improvement of dawn feeding in cooling air helps reduce the average temperature of dawn according to the operating conditions and to increase as a result its lifespan.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel, die eine Schaufel (11), eine Scheibe (12) umfasst, wobei die Schaufel einen Fuß (13) aufweist, mittels dessen sie in einer Zelle (14) der Scheibe (12) der Turbine eingebaut werden kann, wobei die Schaufel einen inneren Luft-Kühlungskreislauf besitzt, der Lufteinlassmittel (15) aufweist, die sich an einer Seite des Fußes der Schaufel gegenüber dieser Zelle befinden, und Laufauslassmittel aufweist, wobei diese Seite des Schaufelfußes mit einer Ablenkeinrichtung (20) versehen ist, die eine Rippe (22, 23) enthält,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Rippe auf der einen Seite oder der anderen Seite der Ausrichtachse der Lufteinlassmittel (15) befindet. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel, die eine Schaufel (11), eine Scheibe (12) umfasst, wobei die Schaufel einen Fuß (13) aufweist, mittels dessen sie in einer Zelle (14) der Scheibe (12) der Turbine eingebaut werden kann, wobei die Schaufel einen inneren Luft-Kühlungskreislauf besitzt, der Lufteinlassmittel (15) aufweist, die sich an einer Seite des Fußes der Schaufel gegenüber dieser Zelle befinden, und Laufauslassmittel aufweist, wobei diese Seite des Schaufelfußes mit einer Ablenkeinrichtung (20) versehen ist, die mindestens zwei Rippen (22, 23) enthält,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Rippen beiderseits der Ausrichtachse der Lufteinlassmittel (15) befinden. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung einen integrierenden Bestandteil der Schaufel bildet. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung (20) ein an den Fuß (13) der Schaufel (11) angebautes Element ist und mit Zugangsmitteln (21) zu den Lufteinlassmitteln (15) versehen ist. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugangsmittel (21) mindestens ein kalibriertes Loch umfassen. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Rippe (22, 23) gerade oder zur Hauptachse der Schaufel geneigt ausgeführt ist. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung (20) mindestens eine Rippe (22) umfasst, mit der die in die Zelle eintretende Kühlungsluft kanalisiert werden kann, sowie mindestens eine Rippe (23), mit der die zum Zentrum der Zelle strömende Luft kanalisiert werden kann. - Kühlungsvorrichtung für eine Turbinenschaufel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung mindestens eine gebogene Rippe umfasst.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0105289 | 2001-04-19 | ||
FR0105289A FR2823794B1 (fr) | 2001-04-19 | 2001-04-19 | Aube rapportee et refroidie pour turbine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1251243A1 EP1251243A1 (de) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1251243B1 true EP1251243B1 (de) | 2005-09-07 |
EP1251243B8 EP1251243B8 (de) | 2005-11-02 |
Family
ID=8862464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02290964A Expired - Lifetime EP1251243B8 (de) | 2001-04-19 | 2002-04-17 | Turbinenschaufel mit Kühlluftleiteinrichtung |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6981845B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1251243B8 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4112986B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2444862C (de) |
DE (1) | DE60205977T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2244738T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2823794B1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2325537C2 (de) |
UA (1) | UA73655C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002086291A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0227745D0 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2003-01-08 | Rolls Royce Plc | Blade cooling |
US6974306B2 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-12-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Blade inlet cooling flow deflector apparatus and method |
FR2858829B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-12 | 2008-03-14 | Snecma Moteurs | Aube refroidie de moteur a turbine a gaz |
GB0405679D0 (en) * | 2004-03-13 | 2004-04-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | A mounting arrangement for turbine blades |
ES2337800T3 (es) | 2004-03-30 | 2010-04-29 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dispositivo para la presurizacion de aire de refrigeracion en un alabe de rodete. |
US7578652B2 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2009-08-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Hybrid vapor and film cooled turbine blade |
SG143087A1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-06-27 | Turbine Overhaul Services Pte | Laser fillet welding |
US20090068446A1 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2009-03-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Layered structures with integral brazing materials |
US8128365B2 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2012-03-06 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine airfoil cooling system with rotor impingement cooling |
FR2937372B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-12-10 | Snecma | Aube de turbine equipee de moyens de reglage de son debit de fluide de refroidissement |
WO2011026503A1 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | A method and a device of tangentially biasing internal cooling on nozzle guide vane |
US8622702B1 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2014-01-07 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Turbine blade with cooling air inlet holes |
GB201016597D0 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2010-11-17 | Rolls Royce Plc | Turbine disc cooling arrangement |
IT1403416B1 (it) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-10-17 | Avio Spa | Rotore palettato di una turbina a gas per motori aeronautici e metodo per il raffreddamento di detto rotore palettato |
DE102011121634B4 (de) * | 2010-12-27 | 2019-08-14 | Ansaldo Energia Ip Uk Limited | Turbinenschaufel |
US20120315139A1 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-13 | General Electric Company | Cooling flow control members for turbomachine buckets and method |
EP2639407A1 (de) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasturbinenanordnung zur Reduzierung von Spannungen an Turbinenscheiben und zugehörige Gasturbine |
US9435206B2 (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2016-09-06 | General Electric Company | Flow inducer for a gas turbine system |
EP2725191B1 (de) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-03-16 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Gasturbine und Turbinenschaufel für solch eine Gasturbine |
US8926283B2 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2015-01-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine blade angel wing with pumping features |
US20160090841A1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-03-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine blade slot heat shield |
US10094228B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2018-10-09 | General Electric Company | Turbine dovetail slot heat shield |
WO2017005781A1 (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine stator vane and/or turbine rotor vane with a cooling flow adjustment feature and corresponding method of adapting a vane |
DE102015111746A1 (de) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-01-26 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Gekühltes Turbinenlaufrad, insbesondere für ein Flugtriebwerk |
GB201516657D0 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-11-04 | Rolls Royce Plc | Seal-plate anti-rotation in a stage of a gas turbine engine |
US20170234447A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Methods and systems for modulating airflow |
KR102025147B1 (ko) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-09-27 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 버킷의 쓰로틀 플레이트 결합구조와 이를 포함하는 회전체 및 가스터빈 |
DE102019206432A1 (de) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-12 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Turbomaschinenschaufel |
KR102284507B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-08-02 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 로터 및 이를 포함하는 터보머신 |
US11560844B2 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2023-01-24 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Inertial particle separator for a turbine section of a gas turbine engine |
US12018590B1 (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2024-06-25 | Ge Infrastructure Technology Llc | Method for turbine blade and assembly with dovetail arrangement for enlarged rotor groove |
US12110809B1 (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2024-10-08 | Ge Infrastructure Technology Llc | Turbine blade and assembly with dovetail arrangement for enlarged rotor groove |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1605282A (en) * | 1973-10-27 | 1987-12-23 | Rolls Royce 1971 Ltd | Bladed rotor for gas turbine engine |
GB1561229A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1980-02-13 | Rolls Royce | Gas turbine engine cooling system |
US4348157A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1982-09-07 | Rolls-Royce Limited | Air cooled turbine for a gas turbine engine |
US4626169A (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1986-12-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Seal means for a blade attachment slot of a rotor assembly |
US4820123A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-04-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Dirt removal means for air cooled blades |
DE3835932A1 (de) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-26 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur kuehlluftzufuehrung fuer gasturbinen-rotorschaufeln |
US5403156A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-04-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Integral meter plate for turbine blade and method |
US6059529A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2000-05-09 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Turbine blade assembly with cooling air handling device |
-
2001
- 2001-04-19 FR FR0105289A patent/FR2823794B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-04-17 JP JP2002583793A patent/JP4112986B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-17 UA UA2003109399A patent/UA73655C2/uk unknown
- 2002-04-17 EP EP02290964A patent/EP1251243B8/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 ES ES02290964T patent/ES2244738T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 RU RU2003133669/06A patent/RU2325537C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-17 US US10/474,038 patent/US6981845B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 WO PCT/FR2002/001325 patent/WO2002086291A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2002-04-17 DE DE60205977T patent/DE60205977T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 CA CA002444862A patent/CA2444862C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2823794B1 (fr) | 2003-07-11 |
JP4112986B2 (ja) | 2008-07-02 |
DE60205977T2 (de) | 2006-07-06 |
US20040115054A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
RU2325537C2 (ru) | 2008-05-27 |
WO2002086291A1 (fr) | 2002-10-31 |
EP1251243A1 (de) | 2002-10-23 |
US6981845B2 (en) | 2006-01-03 |
EP1251243B8 (de) | 2005-11-02 |
JP2004522049A (ja) | 2004-07-22 |
DE60205977D1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
UA73655C2 (uk) | 2005-08-15 |
FR2823794A1 (fr) | 2002-10-25 |
ES2244738T3 (es) | 2005-12-16 |
RU2003133669A (ru) | 2005-04-20 |
CA2444862A1 (fr) | 2002-10-31 |
CA2444862C (fr) | 2009-11-24 |
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