Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/0208—Tissues; Wipes; Patches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners

Definitions

• the present invention relates to disposable, articles suitable for cleansing and therapeutically treating the skin, hair and any other sites in need of such treatment.
• These articles each comprise a two layer substrate sheet, a cleansing component, and a therapeutic benefit component.
• Consumers use the articles by wetting them with water and rubbing them on the area to be cleansed and/or therapeutically treated (e.g. conditioned).
• the invention also encompasses methods for cleansing and therapeutically treating the skin and hair using the articles of the present invention.
• Cleansing products have evolved into a variety of product forms during their use in civilized society.
• Exemplary product forms include solid bars, lotions, gels, creams, etc. No matter what the form, however, most forms attempt to achieve the same goal of providing the user with a mild, non-irritating, non-drying, invigorating, clean-feeling bathing or cleansing experience.
• such benefits are derived in conjunction with additional aesthetic benefits, like moisturization or some other type of therapeutic treatment.
• the articles of the present invention provide effective cleansing and therapeutic benefits to the skin and/or hair in a convenient, inexpensive, and sanitary .manner.
• the present invention provides the convenience of not needing to carry, store, or use a separate implement (such as a washcloth or sponge), a cleanser, and a therapeutic benefit product.
• a separate implement such as a washcloth or sponge
• a cleanser such as a cleanser
• a therapeutic benefit product such as a separate implement that is useful for cleansing as well as application of a therapeutic or aesthetic benefit agent.
• these articles are suitable for use vrithin or in conjunction with another personal care implement that is designed for more extensive use.
• the articles of the present invention are disposed within or attached to a separate personal care implement that is not readily disposable, e.g., a bath towel or washcloth.
• the disposable articles of the present invention may be removeably attached to a handle or grip suitable for moving the article over the surface to be cleansed and therapeutically treated (e.g., conditioned).
• the articles of the present invention are suitable for personal care applications, they may also be useful in a variety of other industries such as the automotive care, marine vehicle care, household care, animal care, etc. where surfaces or areas are in need of cleansing and/or application of a benefit agent, e.g., wax, conditioner, UN protectant, etc..
• a benefit agent e.g., wax, conditioner, UN protectant, etc.
• the articles are suitable for personal care applications and are useful for cleansing and conditioning the skin, hair, and other surfaces in need of such treatment. Consumers use these articles by wetting them with water and rubbing them on the area to be treated.
• the article consists of a two layer substrate sheet, a cleansing component disposed adjacent to the substrate sheet, and a therapeutic benefit component which is also disposed adjacent to the substrate sheet wherein said therapeutic benefit component occupies less than about 50 cm" of the substrate sheet per gram of therapeutic benefit component.
• the present invention relates to an article suitable for cleansing wherein the article comprises: a) a substrate sheet which comprises:
• the present invention also relates to an article suitable for cleansing wherein the article comprises: a) a substrate sheet which comprises:
• the cleansing article of the present invention may be modified to impart solely therapeutic benefits.
• This article comprises: a) a substrate sheet which comprises:
• the present invention also relates to methods of cleansing and conditioning the skin and hair which comprises the steps of: a) wetting such articles with water and b) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted articles.
• dispenser is used in its ordinary sense to mean an article that is disposed or discarded after a limited number of usage events, preferably less than 25, more preferably less than about 10, and most preferably less than about 2 entire usage events.
• substantially dry means that the articles of the present invention exhibit a Moisture Retention of less than about 0.95 gms, preferably less than about 0.75 gms, even more preferably, less than about 0.5 gms, even more preferably less than about 0.25 gms, even still more preferably less than about 0.15 gms, and most preferably, less than about 0.1 gms. The determination of the Moisture Retention is discussed later.
• the articles of the present invention which are preferably personal care articles, comprise the following essential components.
• the articles of the present invention are preferably disposable and substantially dry and comprise a substrate sheet that further comprises at least two layers, hereafter referred to as the first and second substrate layers.
• the first and second substrate layers are non-scouring.
• non-scouring means that the layer exhibits an Abrasive Value of greater than about 15, preferably greater than about 30, more preferably greater than about 50, even more preferably greater than about 70, and most preferably greater than about 80 as determined by the Abrasiveness Value Methodology described below.
• the first and second substrate layers are soft yet invigorating to the skin of the consumer when used.
• These substrate layers as well as any others which may be optionally included are each defined as having both a top (or exterior) and bottom (or interior) surface.
• the bottom or interior surfaces of the layers are those which face the inside or innermost portion of the article of the present invention whereas the top or exterior surfaces of the layers are those which face the outside or outermost portion of the article.
• the substrate sheet enhances cleansing and/or therapeutic treatment.
• the layers of the substrate sheet can have the same or differing textures on each surface such that the outermost surfaces of the article may also have the same or Differing textures.
• the substrate sheet of the article may act as an efficient lathering and exfoliating implement. By physically coming into contact with the skin or hair, the substrate significantly aids in cleansing and removal of dirt, makeup, dead skin, and other debris. In preferred embodiments, however, the substrate is non-scouring or nonabrasive to the skin.
• the first and second substrate layers of the substrate sheet are preferably materials selected from the group consisting of nonwovens, wovens, and combinations thereof.
• the layers are lofty, non-scouring, and of low-density.
• "lofty” means that the layer has density of from about 0.00005 g/cm 3 to about 0.1 g/cm 3 , preferably from about 0.001 g/cm 3 to about 0.09 g/cm 3 and a thickness of from about 0.04 inches to about 2 inches at 5 gms/in 2 .
• first and second substrate layers include those selected from the group consisting of cellulosic nonwovens, formed films, battings, foams, sponges, reticulated foams, vacuum-formed laminates, scrims, polymeric nets, and combinations thereof. More preferably, the first and second substrate layers comprise materials selected from the group consisting of cellulosic nonwovens, formed films, battings, and combinations thereof.
• nonwoven means that the layer does not comprise fibers which are woven into a fabric but the layer need not comprise fibers at all, e.g., formed films, sponges, foams, scrims, etc..
• the fibers can either be random (i.e., randomly aligned) or they can be carded (i.e., combed to be oriented in primarily one direction).
• the first and second substrate layers can each be composite materials composed of a combination of additional layers, i.e., plies, of random and carded fibers.
• a preferred material suitable for the first and second substrate layers is batting.
• the batting comprises synthetic materials.
• synthetic means that the materials are obtained primarily from various man-made materials or from natural materials that have been further altered.
• Suitable synthetic materials include, but are not limited to, acetate fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose ester fibers, modacrylic fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, rayon fibers, polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, and combinations thereof.
• Preferred synthetic materials, particularly fibers may be selected from the group consisting of nylon fibers, rayon fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyester fibers, and combinations thereof.
• Preferred polyolefin fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polypentene, and combinations and copolymers thereof. More preferred polyolefin fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and combinations and copolymers thereof.
• Preferred polyester fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate, and combinations and copolymers thereof. More preferred polyester fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and combinations and copolymers thereof.
• Most preferred synthetic fibers comprise solid staple polyester fibers that comprise polyethylene terephthalate homopolymers.
• Suitable synthetic materials may include solid single component (i.e., chemically homogeneous) fibers, multiconstit ⁇ ent fibers (i.e., more than one type of material making up each fiber), and multicomponent fibers (i.e., synthetic fibers which comprise two or more distinct filament types which are somehow intertwined to produce a larger fiber), and combinations thereof.
• Preferred fibers include bicomponent fibers, multiconstituent fibers, and combinations thereof. Such bicomponent fibers may have a core-sheath configuration or a side- by-side configuration. In either instance, the first and second substrate layers may each comprise either a combination of fibers comprising the above-listed materials or fibers which themselves comprise a combination of the above-listed materials.
• the cores comprise materials selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C higher than the sheath material, and combinations thereof.
• the sheaths of the bicomponent fibers preferably comprise materials selected from the group consisting of polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C lower than the core material, polyesters polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C lower than the core material, and combinations thereof.
• the fibers of the batting layer may exhibit a helical or spiral or crimped configuration, particularly the bicomponent type fibers.
• the fibers of the first and second substrate layers which comprise batting preferably have an average thickness of from about 0.5 microns to about 150 microns. More preferably, the average thickness of the fibers is from about 5 microns to about 75 microns. In an even more preferred embodiment, the average thickness of the fibers is from about 8 microns to about 40 microns.
• the fibers of the of the first and second substrate layers may be of varying sizes, i.e., the fibers of the batting layer may comprise fibers having different average thicknesses.
• the cross section of the fibers can be round, flat, oval, elliptical or otherwise shaped.
• the first and second substrate layers may comprise a variety of both natural and synthetic fibers or materials.
• natural means that the materials are derived from plants, animals, insects or byproducts of plants, animals, and insects.
• the conventional base starting material is usually a fibrous web comprising any of the common synthetic or natural textile-length fibers, or combinations thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of natural materials useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, silk fibers, keratin fibers and cellulosic fibers.
• Nonlimiting examples of keratin fibers include those selected from the group consisting of wool fibers, camel hair fibers, and the like.
• Nonlimiting examples of cellulosic fibers include those selected from the group consisting of wood pulp fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers, flax fibers, and combinations thereof. Cellulosic fiber materials are preferred in the present invention.
• Nonwovens made from natural materials consist of webs or sheets most commonly formed on a fine wire screen from a liquid suspension of the fibers. See CA. Hampel et al., The Encyclopedia of Chemistry, third edition, 1973, pp. 793-795 (1973); The Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 21, pp. 376-383 (1984); and G.A. Smook, Handbook of Pulp and Paper Technologies. Technical Association for the Pulp and Paper Industry (1 86); which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• the first and or second substrate layer is apertured, preferably when the layer comprises cellulosic or fonned film materials.
• the apertures in the layer will generally range in average diameter between about 0.5 mm and 5 mm. More preferably, the apertures will range in size between about 1 mm to 4 mm in average diameter. Preferably, no more than about 10% of the apertures in the layer will fall outside these size ranges. More preferably, no more than about 5% of the apertures in the layer will fall outside these size ranges.
• the "diameter" of the aperture refers to the diameter of a circular opening having the same surface area as the opening of the non-circular shaped aperture.
• the apertures will generally occur at a frequency of from about 0.5 to 12 apertures per straight linear centimeter. More preferably, the apertures in the surface of the layer will occur at a frequency of from about 1.5 to 6 apertures per c straight linear centimeter.
• apertures must at least be placed within the substrate layer. Such apertures need not protrude completely through one surface of the layer to the other. They, however, may do so. Additionally, apertures may or may not be both layers of the substrate sheet such that the article is apertured through it's entire volume.
• Apertures may be formed in the substrate layers as they are being formed or fabricated. Alternatively, apertures may be formed in the substrate layers after they are completely formed.
• Natural material nonwovens useful in the present invention may be obtained from a wide variety of commercial sources.
• suitable commercially available paper layers useful herein include Airtex®, an embossed airlaid cellulosic layer having a base weight of about 71 gsy, available from James River, Green Bay, WI; and Walkisoft®, an embossed airlaid cellulosic having a base weight of about 75 gsy, available from Walkisoft U.S. A., Mount Holly, NC.
• Additional suitable nonwoven materials include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in U. S. Patent Nos.
• nonwovens are well known in the art. Generally, these nonwovens can be made by air-laying, water-laying, meltblowing, coforming, spunbonding, or carding processes in which the fibers or filaments are first cut to desired lengths from long strands, passed into a water or air stream, and then deposited onto a screen through which the fiber-laden air or water is passed. The resulting layer, regardless of its method of production or composition, is then subjected to at least one of several types of bonding operations to anchor the individual fibers together to form a self-sustaining web.
• the first and second substrate layers can be prepared by a variety of processes including, but not limited to, air-entanglement, hydroentanglement, thermal bonding, and combinations of these processes.
• Nonlimiting examples of synthetic materials useful in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of acetate fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose ester fibers, modacrylic fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, rayon fibers, polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, and combinations thereof.
• suitable synthetic materials include acrylics such as acrilan, creslan, and the acrylonitrile-based fiber, orlon; cellulose ester fibers such as cellulose acetate, arnel, and accelerator; polyamides such as nylons (e.g., nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, and the like); polyesters such as fortrel, kodel, and the polyethylene terephthalate fiber, polybutylene terephalate fiber, dacron; polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyethylene; polyvinyl acetate fibers; polyurethane foams and combinations thereof.
• acrylics such as acrilan, creslan, and the acrylonitrile-based fiber, orlon
• cellulose ester fibers such as cellulose acetate, arnel, and accelerator
• polyamides such as nylons (e.g., nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, and the like)
• polyesters such as fortrel, kodel, and
• Nonwovens made from synthetic materials useful in the present invention can be obtained from a wide variety of commercial sources.
• Nonlimiting examples of suitable first and second substrate layer materials useful herein include HEF 40-047, an apertured hydroentangled material containing about 50% rayon and 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 61 grams per square meter (gsm), available from Veratec, Inc., Walpole, MA; HEF 140-102, an apertured hydroentangled material containing about 50% rayon and 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 67 gsm, available from Veratec, Inc., Walpole, MA; Novonet® 149-616, athermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 100% polypropylene, and having a basis weight of about
• thermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 69% rayon, about 25% polypropylene, and about 6% cotton, and having a basis weight of about 90 gsm, available from Veratec, Inc. Walpole, MA; Novonet® 149-191, a thermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 69% rayon, about 25% polypropylene, and about 6% cotton, and having a basis weight of about 120 gsm, available from
• Duralace® 1236 an apertured, hydroentangled material, containing about 100% rayon, and having a basis weight from about 48 gsm to about 138 gsm, available from
• Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ Duralace® 5904, an apertured, hydroentangled material, containing about 100% polyester, and having a basis weight from about 48 gsm to about 138 gsm, available from Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ; Chicopee® 5763, a carded hydroapertured material (8x6 apertures per inch, 3X2 apertures per cm), containing about 70% rayon, about 30% polyester, and a optionally a latex binder (Acrylate or EVA based) of up to about 5% w/w, and having a basis weight from about 60 gsm to about 90 gsm, available form Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ;
• Duralace® 5904 an apertured, hydroentangled material, containing about 100% polyester, and having a basis weight from about 48 gsm to about 138 gsm, available from Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ
• Chicopee® 5763 a carded hydroaperture
• Chicopee® 9900 series (e.g., Chicopee 9931, 62 gsm, 50/50 rayon/polyester, and Chicopee 9950 50 gsm, 50/50 rayon/polyester), a carded, hydroentangled material, containing a fiber composition of from 50%) rayon 50% polyester to 0% rayon/100% polyester or 100%> rayon/0%) polyester, and having a basis weight of from about 36 gsm to about 84 gsm, available form Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ; Sontara 8868, a hydroentangled material, containing about 50% cellulose and about 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 72 gsm, available from Dupont Chemical Corp.
• Chicopee 9931, 62 gsm, 50/50 rayon/polyester, and Chicopee 9950 50 gsm, 50/50 rayon/polyester a carded, hydroentangled material, containing a fiber composition of from 50%) rayon 50% polyester to 0%
• Preferred non-woven substrate materials have a basis weight of about from 24 gsm to about 96 gsm, more preferably from about 36 gsm to about 84 gsm, and most preferably from about 42 gsm to about 78 gsm.
• the first and second substrate layers may also comprise a polymeric mesh sponge as described in European Patent Application No. EP 702550A1 published March 27, 1996, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• polymeric mesh sponges comprise a plurality of plies of an extruded tubular netting mesh prepared from nylon or a strong flexible polymer, such as addition polymers of olefin monomers and polyamides of polycarboxylic acids.
• the first and second substrate layers may also comprise formed films and composite materials, i.e., multiple materials containing formed films.
• formed films comprise plastics which tend to be soft to the skin.
• Suitable soft plastic formed films include, but are not limited to, polyolefins such as low density polyethylenes (LDPE).
• LDPE low density polyethylenes
• the apertured first and/or second substrate layer comprises a plastic formed film which is only microapertured.
• the surface aberrations of the microapertures are preferably located on the interior or bottom surface of the substrate layer and preferably face toward the inside of the substrate, i.e., toward the cleansing component.
• the surface aberrations of the apertures face toward the surfactant- containing cleansing component, the application of pressure by the hand to the article allows the petal-like edges of the surface aberrations to fold inward thereby creating numerous valves on the interior surface of the layer which in effect meter out the cleansing component contained within the article thereby extending the article's useful life.
• the first and/or second substrate layer comprises a plastic formed film which is both microapertured and macroapertured.
• the layer is well- suited to contact the area to be cleansed and therapeutically treated given the cloth-like feel of such microapertured films.
• the surface aberrations of the microapertures face opposite of the surface aberrations of the macroapertures on the substrate layer. In such an instance, it is believed that the macroapertures maximize the overall wetting/lathering of the article by the three-dimensional thickness formed from the surface aberrations which are under constant compression and decompression during the use of the article thereby creating lathering bellows.
• the first and/or second substrate layer comprising a formed film preferably has at least about 100 apertures/cm 2 , more preferably at least 500 apertures/cm 2 , even still more preferably at least about 1000 apertures/cm 2 , and most preferably at least about 1 00 apertures/cm 2 of the substrate.
• Suitable formed films and formed film-containing composite materials useful in the first and/or second substrate layers of the present invention include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 4,342,314 issued to Radel et al. on August 3, 1982, commonly assigned co-pending application U. S. Serial No. 08/326,571 and PCT Application No. US95/07435, filed June 12, 1995 and published January 11, 1996, and U. S. Patent No. 4,629,643, issued to Curro et al. on December 16, 1986, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the first and/or second substrate layers may be a formed film composite material comprising at least one formed film and at least one nonwoven wherein the layer is vacuum formed.
• a suitable formed film composite material includes, but is not limited to, a vacuum laminated composite formed film material formed by combining a carded polypropylene nonwoven having a basis weight of 30 gsm with a formed film.
• first and second substrate layers are bonded to one another in order to maintain the integrity of the article.
• This bonding may consist of spot bonding (e.g., hot point bonding), continuous joining (e.g., laminated, etc.) in a discontinuous pattern, or by bonding at the external edges (or periphery) of the layers and/or at discrete loci or combinations thereof.
• spot bonding it is preferred that the spot bonds are separated by a distance of not less than about 1 cm. In any instance, however, the bonding may be arranged such that geometric shapes and patterns, e.g. diamonds, circles, squares, etc., are created on the exterior surfaces of the layers and the resulting article.
• Preferred methods of bonding or sealing the first and second substrate layers to one another are selected from the group consisting of heat sealing, ultrasonic sealing, adhesive bonding, embossing, male/female plate heat sealing, and combinations thereof.
• the second substrate layer is sealed to the first substrate layer to thereby form at least one reservoir seal in at least one surface of the substrate sheet, hi one embodiment, there are a plurality of reservoir seals formed in at least one surface of the substrate sheet.
• such reservoir seals are shaped in a form selected from the group consisting of shapes, designs, logos, and combinations thereof.
• the reservoir seals are shaped in the form of geometric shapes.
• such reservoir seals are preferably at least about 0.1 mm deep, more preferably, at least about 0.5 mm deep, and most preferably, at least about 2 mm deep.
• the reservoir seals are about 4 mm wide. In one embodiment, such reservoir seals are formed in both a top surface and bottom surface of the substrate sheet. In another embodiment, there are a plurality of reservoir seals which are formed in both the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate sheet.
• first and second substrate layers may be surface modified to form a single composite layer having 2 surfaces or sides with different textures.
• the substrate sheet can be construed as comprising a single composite layer with dual textured sides or surfaces.
• the bonded area present between the first and second substrate layers be not greater than about 50% of the total surface area of the layers, preferably not greater than about 15%, more preferably not greater than about 10%, and most preferably not greater than about 8%.
• each of the layers discussed herein comprises at least two surfaces, namely an interior surface and an exterior surface, each of which may have the same or different texture and abrasiveness.
• the articles of the present invention comprise substrate layers that are soft to the skin.
• differing texture substrates can result from the use of different combinations of materials or from the use of different manufacturing processes or a combination thereof.
• a dual textured substrate sheet can be made to provide a personal care article with the advantage of having a more abrasive side for exfoliation and a softer, absorbent side for gentle cleansing and/or therapeutic treatment, hi addition, the separate layers of the substrate sheet can be manufactured to have different colors, thereby helping the user to further distinguish the surfaces.
• each of the layers of the articles as well as the articles themselves may be made into a wide variety of shapes and forms including flat pads, thick pads, thin sheets, ball- shaped implements, irregularly shaped implements.
• the exact size of the layers will depend upon the desired use and characteristics of the article and may range in surface area size from about a square inch to about hundreds of square inches.
• Especially convenient layer and article shapes include, but are not limited to, square, circular, rectangular, hourglass, mitt-type or oval shapes having a surface area of from about 5 in 2 to about 200 in 2 , preferably from about 6 in 2 to about 120 in 2 , and more preferably from about 15 in 2 to about 100 in 2 , and a thickness of from about 0.5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to about 25 mm, and more preferably from about 2 mm to about 20 mm.
• the articles of the present invention comprise a cleansing component, which further comprises one or more surfactants.
• the cleansing component is disposed adjacent to the substrate sheet.
• the cleansing component is impregnated into and/or on said first and second substrate layers of the substrate sheet.
• the cleansing component is deposited onto the interior surface of the first and/or second substrate layers. In this instance, the cleansing component is sandwiched in between said first and second substrate layers.
• the articles of the present invention comprise from about 10% to about 1,000%, preferably from about 50% to about 600%, and more preferably from about 100% to about 250%, based on the weight of the water insoluble substrate, of the surfactant. Also, the articles of the present invention preferably comprise at least about 1 gram, by weight of the substrate sheet, of a surfactant.
• the cleansing component may be added to the substrate without requiring a drying process.
• the surfactants of the cleansing component are preferably lathering surfactants.
• lathering surfactant means a surfactant, which when combined with water and mechanically agitated generates a foam or lather. Such surfactants are preferred since increased lather is important to consumers as an indication of cleansing effectiveness.
• the surfactants or combinations of surfactants are mild.
• “mild” means that the surfactants as well as to the articles of the present invention demonstrate skin mildness at least milder than common bar soap matrices which typically comprise a combination of natural soap and synthetic surfactant (e.g., Lever 2000® and Zest®).
• lathering surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of anionic lathering surfactants, nonionic lathering surfactants, cationic lathering surfactants, amphoteric lathering surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
• anionic lathering surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by Allured Publishing Corporation; McCutcheon's, Functional Materials. North American Edition (1992); and U. S. Patent No. 3,929,678, to Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• anionic lathering surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates, sulfated monoglycerides, sulfonated olefins, alkyl aryl sulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, acyl taurates, acyl isethionates, alkyl glycerylether sulfonate, sulfonated methyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, alkyl phosphates, acyl glutamates, acyl sarcosinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acylated peptides, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, anionic fluorosurfactants, and combinations thereof. Combinations of anionic surfactants
• Anionic surfactants for use in the cleansing component include alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. These materials have the respective formulae R10-S03M and Rl(CH2H40)x-0-S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, dielhanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• the alkyl sulfates are typically made by the sulfation of monohydric alcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) using sulfur trioxide or other known sulfation technique.
• the alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) and then sulfated. These alcohols can be derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic.
• Specific examples of alkyl sulfates which may be used in the cleansing component are sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, or TEA salts of lauryl or myristyl sulfate.
• alkyl ether sulfates which may be used include ammonium, sodium, magnesium, or TEA laureth-3 sulfate.
• sulfated monoglycerides of the form RlCO-0-CH2-C(OH)H-CH2-0-S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• fatty acids having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• An example of a sulfated monoglyceride is sodium cocomonoglyceride sulfate.
• Suitable anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates of the form R1S03M, wherein Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium,
• anionic surfactants are the linear alkylbenzene sulfonates of the form Rl- C6H4-S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, friethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine. These are formed by the sulfonation of linear alkyl benzene with sulfur trioxide.
• An example of this anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
• Still other anionic surfactants suitable for this cleansing component include the primary or secondary alkane sulfonates of the form R1S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl chain from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water- soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl chain from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water- soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• alkane sulfonate useful herein is alkali metal or ammonium C13- C17 paraffin sulfonates.
• alkyl sulfosuccinates which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate; diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium N-(l,2- dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; and dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
• taurates which are based on taurine, which is also known as 2- aminoethanesulfonic acid.
• taurates include N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate as detailed in U.S. Patent No. 2,658,072 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• Other examples based of taurine include the acyl taurines formed by the reaction of n-methyl taurine with fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms).
• acyl isethionates Another class of anionic surfactants suitable for use in the cleansing component is the acyl isethionates.
• the acyl isethionates typically have the formula R1CO-0-CH2CH2S03M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, and M is a cation. These are typically formed by the reaction of fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms) with an alkali metal isethionate.
• Nonlimiting examples of these acyl isethionates include ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.
• alkylglyceryl ether sulfonates of the form Rl-OCH2-C(OH)H-CH2-S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, trieti anola ine, diemanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, trieti anola ine, diemanolamine and monoethanolamine.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, trieti
• Suitable anionic surfactants include the sulfonated fatty acids of the form Rl- CH(S04)-COOH and sulfonated methyl esters of the from Rl-CH(S04)-CO-0-CH3, where Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. These can be formed by the sulfonation of fatty acids or alkyl methyl esters (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) with sulfur trioxide or by another known sulfonation technique. Examples include alpha sulphonated coconut fatty acid and lauryl methyl ester.
• anionic materials include phosphates such as monoalkyl, dialkyl, and trialkylphosphate salts formed by the reaction of phosphorous pentoxide with monohydric branched or unbranched alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. These could also be formed by other known phosphation methods.
• An example from this class of surfactants is sodium mono or dilaurylphosphate.
• anionic materials include acyl glutamates corresponding to the formula R1CO- N(COOH)-CH2CH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• whic include sodium lauroyl glutamate and sodium cocoyl glutamate.
• anionic materials include alkanoyl sarcosinates corresponding to the formula R1C0N(CH3)-CH2CH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include alkyl ether carboxylates corresponding to the formula Rl- (OCH2CH2)x-OCH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• x is 1 to 10
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include acyl lactylates corresponding to the formula RlCO-[0- CH(CH3)-CO]x-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 3, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• x is 3
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include the carboxylates, nonlimiting examples of which include sodium lauroyl carboxylate, sodium cocoyl carboxylate, and ammonium lauroyl carboxylate.
• Anionic flourosurfactants can also be used.
• anionic materials include natural soaps derived from the saponification of vegetable and/or animal fats & oils exmaples of which include sodium laurate, sodium myristate, palmitate, stearate, tallowate, cocoate.
• any counter cation, M can be used on the anionic surfactant.
• the counter cation is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine. More preferably, the counter cation is ammonium.
• Nonlimiting examples of nonionic lathering surfactants for use in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials. North American Edition (1992); both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Nonionic lathering surfactants useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl glucosides, alkyl polyglucosides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid esters, sucrose esters, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.
• Alkyl glucosides and alkyl polyglucosides are useful herein, and can be broadly defined as condensation products of long chain alcohols, e.g., C8-30 alcohols, with sugars or starches or sugar or starch polymers, i.e., glycosides or polyglycosides.
• These compounds can be represented by the formula (S) n -0-R wherein S is a sugar moiety such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose; n is an integer of from about 1 to about 1000, and R is a C8-30 alkyl group.
• long chain alcohols from which the alkyl group can be derived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like.
• Preferred examples of these surfactants include those wherein S is a glucose moiety, R is a C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an integer of from about 1 to about 9.
• Commercially available examples of these surfactants include decyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) and lauryl polyglucoside (available as APG 600CS and 625 CS from Henkel).
• sucrose ester surfactants such as sucrose cocoate and sucrose laurate.
• nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants, more specific examples of which include glucosamides, corresponding to the structural formula:
• R is H, C, -C , alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy- propyl, preferably C, -C . alkyl, more
• R is C--C- , alkyl or alkenyl, preferably
• C Pain-C 1 Q alkyl or alkenyl more preferably Cg-C 1 ⁇ alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably C, , -C, , alkyl or alkenyl; and Z is a polhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with a least
• Z preferably is a sugar moiety selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and mixtures thereof.
• An especially preferred surfactant corresponding to the above structure is coconut alkyl N-methyl
• compositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed, for example, in G.B. Patent Specification 809,060, published February 18, 1959, by Thomas Hedley
• nonionic surfactants include amine oxides.
• Amine oxides correspond to the general formula R * R2R3N->0, wherein R j contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety, and R2 and R3 contain from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals.
• the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond.
• amine oxides suitable for use in this invention include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2- hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyl-decylamine oxide, dimethyl- tefradecylamine oxide, 3,6,9-trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)- tetradecylamine oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3- hydroxypropyl)amine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
• Nonlimiting examples of preferred nonionic surfactants for use herein are those selected form the group consisting of C8-C14 glucose amides, C8-C14 alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, lauramine oxide, cocoamine oxide, and mixtures thereof.
• Cationic lathering surfactants are also useful in the articles of the present invention.
• Suitable cationic lathering surfactants include, but are not limited to, fatty amines, di-fatty quaternary amines, tri-fatty quaternary amines, imidazolinium quaternary amines, and combinations thereof.
• Suitable fatty amines include monalkyl quaternary amines such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
• a suitable quaternary amine is dialklamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate. The fatty amines, however, are preferred.
• a lather booster is used when the cationic lathering surfactant is the primary lathering surfactant of the cleansing component. Additionally, nonionic surfactants have been found to be particularly useful in combination with such cationic lathering surfactants.
• amphoteric lathering surfactant is also intended to encompass zwitterionic surfactants, which are well known to formulators skilled in the art as a subset of amphoteric surfactants.
• amphoteric lathering surfactants can be used in the compositions of the present invention. Particularly useful are those which are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, preferably wherein the nitrogen is in a cationic state, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the radicals contains an ionizable water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
• an ionizable water solubilizing group e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
• Nonlimiting examples of amphoteric surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials. North American Edition (1992); both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• noisy examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of betaines, sultaines, hydroxysultaines, alkyliminoacetates, iminodialkanoates, aminoalkanoates, and mixtures thereof.
• betaines include the higher alkyl betaines, such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available as Lonzaine 16SP from Lonza Corp.), lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl garnma- -carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, amidobetaines and amidosulfobetaines (wherein the RCONH(CH diligent)o radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine), oleyl betaine (where
• sultaines and hydroxysultaines include materials such as cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine (available as Mirataine CBS from Rhone-Poulenc).
• amphoteric surfactants having the following structure: wherein R is unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain alkyl having from about 9 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• R* has from about 11 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferably still from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms;
• m is an integer from 1 to about 3, more preferably from about 2 to about
• n is either 0 or 1, preferably 1;
• R ⁇ and E? are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or mono-substituted with hydroxy, preferred R ⁇ and R ⁇ are CH3;
• X is selected from the group consisting of CO2, SO3 and SO4;
• R ⁇ is selected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain alkyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with hydroxy, having from 1 to about 5 carbon atoms.
• R ⁇ preferably has 1 or 3 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 carbon atom.
• R ⁇ preferably has from about 2 to about
• amphoteric surfactants of the present invention include the following compounds:
• Cetyl dimethyl betaine (this material also has the CTFA designation cetyl betaine)
• R H 2 -C 0 2 wherein R has from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms
• Cocamidopropyl hydroxy suitable R— — C H 2 — S0 3 wherein R has from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms
• amphoteric surfactants examples include alkyliminoacetates, and iminodialkanoates and aminoalkanoates of the formulas RN[CH ) CO rememberM] and
• Patent 2,438,091 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety; and the products sold under the trade name "Miranol” and described in U. S. Patent 2,528,378, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• Other examples of useful amphoterics include amphoteric phosphates, such as coamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate (commercially available as Monaquat PTC, from Mona Corp.). Also useful are amphoacetates such as disodium lauroamphodiacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred lathering surfactants are selected from the group consisting of anionic lathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium trideceth sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium monolauryl phospate, sodium cocoglyceryl ether sulfonate, sodium C 9 -C 22 soap, and combinations thereof; nonionic lathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of lauramine oxide, cocoamine oxide, decyl polyglucose, lauryl polyglucose, sucrose cocoate, C12-14 glucosamides, suc
• the articles of the present invention further essentially comprise a therapeutic benefit component.
• This benefit component is disposed adjacent to the substrate sheet and comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, more preferably, from about 10% to about 500%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 250%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a therapeutic benefit agent.
• the therapeutic benefit component is disposed on a surface of the first and/or second substrate layer in at least one location in a form selected from the group consisting of shapes, designs, logos, and combinations thereof. Suitable shapes include those selected from the group consisting of dots, straight lines, wavy lines, stars, rectangles, triangles, ellipses, and combinations thereof. Exemplary logos may include "P&G" and Olay®.
• the benefit component is disposed on at least one surface of the first and/or second substrate layers in a plurality of locations. In this instance, the benefit component is therefore disposed on an interior or an exterior surface of the substrate sheet or on both surfaces.
• the therapeutic benefit component is disposed between the first and second substrate layers of the article of the present invention. In this instance, the benefit component is sandwiched within the substrate sheet. In any case, the benefit component is disposed on the layers in isolated areas, e.g., in the form of shapes, designs, or logos. i another embodiment of the present invention where reservoir seals are formed, the therapeutic benefit component is disposed within the reservoir seals for effective delivery to the surface to be treated.
• the therapeutic benefit component occupies less than about 50 cm 2 of the surface area of the substrate sheet per gram of benefit component.
• This occupied surface area is determined from an overhead or top view perspective by the total therapeutic benefit component-occupied surface area per 1 gram of benefit component. Therefore, it is conceivable that the occupied surface area of the substrate sheet may be one surface, two surfaces (top and bottom), or more surfaces of the substrate sheet.
• the surface area occupied by the benefit component is less than about 40 cm 2 of the substrate sheet per gram of benefit component, more preferably, less than about 25 cm 2 /gm benefit component, and most preferably, less than about 10 cm 2 /gm benefit component.
• the claimed reduced surface areas occupied by the therapeutic benefit component which result in "isolated pockets" of benefit agents provide a more effective therapeutic benefit to the user than is offered by benefit agents which are coated in a relatively thinner layer onto substrates. It is believed that the reduced surface area occupancy of the benefit component or agent minimizes interaction with the cleansing component thereby extending the amount of benefit component which is preserved for therapeutic treatment upon completion of the cleansing process.
• therapeutic benefits alone may be provided with an article of the present invention which comprises: a) a substrate sheet that comp a first and second substrate layer wherein said second substrate layer is attached to said first layer; and b) a therapeutic benefit component disposed adjacent to said substrate sheet wherein the occupied surface area of said therapeutic benefit component is less than about 50 cm 2 /gm
• the therapeutic benefit agent of the benefit component is selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic conditioning agents, hydrophilic conditioning agents, structured conditioning agents, and combinations thereof.
• the articles of the present invention may comprise one or more hydrophobic conditioning agents which are useful for providing a conditioning benefit to the skin or hair during the use of the article.
• the articles of present invention preferably comprise from about 0.5% to about 1,000%, more preferably from about 1% to about 200%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 100%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a hydrophobic conditioning agent.
• the hydrophobic conditioning agent may be selected from one or more hydrophobic conditioning agents such that the weighted arithmetic mean solubility parameter of the hydrophobic conditioning agent is less than or equal to 10.5. It is recognized, based on this mathematical definition of solubility parameters, that it is possible, for example, to achieve the required weighted arithmetic mean solubility parameter, i.e., less than or equal to 10.5, for a hydrophobic conditioning agent comprising two or more compounds if one of the compounds has an individual solubility parameter greater than 10.5.
• Solubility parameters are well known to the formulation chemist of ordinary skill in the art and are routinely used as a guide for determining compatibility's and solubilities of materials in the formulation process.
• solubility parameter of a chemical compound is defined as the square root of the cohesive energy density for that compound.
• a solubility parameter for a compound is calculated from tabulated values of the additive group contributions for the heat of vaporization and molar volume of the components of that compound, using the following equation:
• ⁇ m the sum of the molar volume additive group contributions i i
• Solubility parameters obey the law of mixtures such that the solubility parameter for a mixture of materials is given by the weighted arithmetic mean (i.e. the weighted average) of the solubility parameters for each component of that mixture. See. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 57th edition, CRC Press, p. C-726 (1976-1977), which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• Formulation chemists typically report and use solubility parameters in units of
• Solubility parameters have also been tabulated for a wide variety of chemical materials. Tabulations of solubility parameters are found in the above-cited Handbook of Solubility Parameters. Also, see “Solubility Effects hi Product, Package, Penetration, And Preservation", CD. Vaughan, Cosmetics and Toiletries, vol. 103, October 1988, pp. 47-69, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• hydrophobic conditioning agents include those selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, lanolin, lanolin derivatives, C7-C40 branched chain hydrocarbons, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids, monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, triglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol diesters of Cl- C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 carboxylic acid monoesters and polyesters of sugars, polydialkylsiloxanes, polydiaryls
• Mineral oil which is also known as petrolatum liquid, is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. See The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7048, p. 1033 (1983) and International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, vol. 1, p.415-417 (1993), which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Petrolatum which is also known as petroleum jelly, is a colloidal system of nonstraight- chain solid hydrocarbons and high-boiling liquid hydrocarbons, in which most of the liquid hydrocarbons are held inside the micelles. See The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7047, p. 1033 (1983); Schindler, Drug. Cosmet. Ind.. 89, 36-37, 76, 78-80, 82 (1961); and International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, vol. 1, p. 537 (1993), which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Lecithin is also useful as a hydrophobic conditioning agent. It is a naturally occurring mixture of the diglycerides of certain fatty acids, linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid. Straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having from about 7 to about 40 carbon atoms are useful herein. Norilimiting examples of these hydrocarbon materials include dodecane, isododecane, squalane, cholesterol, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, docosane (i.e. a C22 hydrocarbon), hexadecane, isohexadecane (a commercially available hydrocarbon sold as
• C7-C40 isoparaffins which are C7-C40 branched hydrocarbons.
• Polydecene a branched liquid hydrocarbon, is also useful herein and is commercially available under the tradenames Puresyn 100® and Puresyn 3000® from Mobile Chemical (Edison, NJ).
• C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids and of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids including straight and branched chain materials as well as aromatic derivatives.
• esters such as monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, triglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, and propylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids.
• Straight chain, branched chain and aryl carboxylic acids are included herein. Also useful are propoxylated and ethoxylated derivatives of these materials.
• Nonlimiting examples include diisopropyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, myristyl propionate, ethylene glycol distearate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecyl neopentanoate, di-2-ethylhexyl maleate, cetyl palmitate, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate, cetyl stearate, behenyl behenrate, dioctyl maleate, dioctyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, cetyl octanoate, diisopropyl dilinoleate, carpylic/capric triglyceride,
• esters are derived from a sugar or polyol moiety and one or more carboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar, these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature.
• liquid esters include: glucose tetraoleate, the glucose tetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannose tetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraesters of oleic acid, the arabinose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylose tetralinoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, the sorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xylitol pentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, sucrose hexaoleate, sucrose hepatoleate, sucrose octaoleate, and mixtures thereof.
• solid esters examples include: sorbitol hexaester in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a 1:2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; the heptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio; the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are oleate and behenate in a 2:6 molar ratio; and the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate, linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio.
• a preferred solid material is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is 7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are Cl 8 mono- and/or di-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates: behenic of 1:7 to 3:5.
• a particularly preferred solid sugar polyester is the octaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acid moieties and about 1 oleic acid moiety in the molecule.
• Other materials include cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose. The ester materials are further described in, U. S. Patent No. 2,831,854, U. S. Patent No. 4,005,196, to Jandacek, issued January 25, 1977; U. S. Patent No.
• Nonvolatile silicones such as polydialkylsiloxanes, polydiarylsiloxanes, and polyalkarylsiloxanes are also useful oils. These silicones are disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 5,069,897, to Orr, issued December 3, 1991, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the polyalkylsiloxanes correspond to the general chemical formula R3SiO[R2SiO] x SiR3 wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight.
• polyalkylsiloxanes include the polydimethylsiloxanes, which are also known as dimethicones, nonlimiting examples of which include the Vicasil® series sold by General Electric Company and the Dow Corning® 200 series sold by Dow Corning Corporation.
• polydimethylsiloxanes useful herein include Dow Corning® 225 fluid having a viscosity of 10 centistokes and a boiling point greater than 200°C, and Dow Corning® 200 fluids having viscosities of 50, 350, and 12,500 centistokes, respectively, and boiling points greater than 200°C
• materials such as trimethylsiloxysilicate, which is a polymeric material corresponding to the general chemical formula [(CH2)3SiO ⁇ /2] x [Si ⁇ 2]y, wherein x is an integer from about 1 to about 500 and y is an integer from about 1 to about 500.
• a commercially available trimethylsiloxysilicate is sold as a mixture with dimethicone as Dow Corning® 593 fluid.
• dimethiconols which are hydroxy terminated dimethyl silicones. These materials can be represented by the general chemical formulas R3SiO[R2SiO] x SiR2 ⁇ H and
• R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight.
• dimethiconols are typically sold as mixtures with dimethicone or cyclomethicone (e.g. Dow Corning® 1401, 1402, and 1403 fluids).
• polyalkylaryl siloxanes with polymethylphenyl siloxanes having viscosities from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25°C being preferred.
• Alkylated silicones such as methyldecyl silicone and methyloctyl silicone are useful herein and are commercially available from General Electric Company. Also useful herein are alkyl modified siloxanes such as alkyl methicones and alkyl dimethicones wherein the alkyl chain contains 10 to 50 carbons.
• siloxanes are commercially available under the tradenames ABIL WAX 9810 (C 2 -C 2 8 alkyl methicone) (sold by Goldschmidt) and SF1632 (cetearyl methicone)(sold by General Electric Company).
• Vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils are also useful herein.
• vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils include safflower oil, castor oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, menhaden oil, avocado oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, rice bran oil, pine oil, sesame oil, sunflower seed oil, hydrogenated safflower oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated menhaden oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated peanut oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated linseed oil, hydrogenated rice bran oil, hydrogenated sesame oil, hydrogenated sunflower seed oil, and mixtures thereof.
• C4-C20 alkyl ethers of polypropylene glycols C1-C20 carboxylic acid esters of polypropylene glycols, and di-C8-C30 alkyl ethers.
• Nonlimiting examples of these materials include PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, dioctyl ether, dodecyl octyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
• Hydrophobic chelating agents are also useful herein as hydrophobic conditioning agents. Suitable agents are described in U. S. Patent No. 4,387,244, issued to Scanlon et al. on June 7, 1983, and copending U. S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 09/258,747 and 09/259,485, filed in the names of Schwartz et al. on February 26, 1999.
• the articles of the present invention may optionally comprise one or more hydrophilic conditioning agents.
• hydrophilic conditioning agents include those selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, urea, pyrolidone carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated C3-C6 diols andtriols, alpha-hydroxy C2-C6 carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated sugars, polyacrylic acid copolymers, sugars having up to about 12 carbons atoms, sugar alcohols having up to about 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
• hydrophilic conditioning agents include materials such as urea; guanidine; glycolic acid and glycolate salts (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium); lactic acid and lactate salts (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium); sucrose, fructose, glucose, eruthrose, erythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, glycerol, hexanetriol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and the like; polyethylene glycols such as PEG-2, PEG-3, PEG-4, PEG-12, PEG-30, PEG-50, polypropylene glycols such as PPG-9, PPG-12, PPG-15, PPG-17, PPG-20, PPG-26, PPG-30, PPG-34; alkoxylated glucose; hyaluronic acid; cationic skin conditioning polymers (e.g.,
• Glycerol in particular, is a preferred hydrophilic conditioning agent in the articles of the present invention.
• materials such as aloe vera in any of its variety of forms (e.g., aloe vera gel), chitosan and chitosan derivatives, e.g., chitosan lactate, lactamide monoemanolamine; acetamide monoethanolamine; and mixtures thereof.
• propoxylated glycerols as described in propoxylated glycerols described in U. S. Patent No. 4,976,953, to Orr et al., issued December 11, 1990, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the therapeutic benefit component may be made into a variety of forms.
• the therapeutic benefit component is in the form of an emulsion.
• an emulsion For instance, oil-in-water, water-in-oil, water-in-oil-in-water, and oil-in-water-in-silicone emulsions are useful herein.
• water may refer not only to water but also water soluble or water miscible agents like polyols, glycerin.
• oil is meant to encompass hydrophobic materials.
• Preferred therapeutic benefit components comprise an emulsion, which further comprises an aqueous phase and an oil phase.
• the oil phase comprises one or more hydrophobic conditioning agents.
• the aqueous phase comprises one or more hydrophilic conditioning agents.
• Therapeutic benefit components of the present invention generally contain an aqueous phase and an oil or lipid phase.
• Suitable oils or lipids may be derived from animals, plants, or petroleum and may be natural or synthetic (i.e., man-made). Such oils are discussed above in the Hydrophobic Conditioning Agents section.
• Suitable aqueous phase components include the Hydrophilic Conditioning Agents, which are discussed above.
• Preferred emulsion forms include water-in-oil emulsions, water-in-silicone emulsions, and other inverse emulsions. Additionally, preferred emulsions also contain a hydrophilic conditioning agent such as glycerin such that a glycerin-in-oil emulsion results.
• Therapeutic benefit components in emulsion form will preferably further contain from about 1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 2% to about 5%, of an emulsifier, based on the weight of therapeutic benefit component.
• Emulsifiers may be nonionic, anionic or cationic. Suitable emulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patent 3,755,560, issued August 28, 1973, Dickert et al.; U.S. Patent 4,421,769, issued December 20, 1983, Dixon et al.; and McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American Edition, pages 317-324 (1986).
• Therapeutic benefit components in emulsion form may also contain an anti-foaming agent to minimize foaming upon application to the skin. Anti-foaming agents include high molecular weight silicones and other materials well known in the art for such use.
• the therapeutic benefit component may also be in the form of a microemulsion.
• microemulsion refers to thermodynamic stable mixtures of two immiscible solvents (one apolar and the other polar) stabilized by an amphiphilic molecule, a surfactant.
• Preferred microemulsions include water-in-oil microemulsions.
• the therapeutic benefit component may comprise structured conditioning agents. Suitable structured conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, vesicular structures such as ceramides, liposomes, and the like.
• the therapeutic benefit agents of the benefit component are comprised within a coacervate-forming composition or coacervate.
• the coacervate-forming composition comprises a catiomc polymer, an anionic surfactant, and a dermatologically acceptable carrier for the polymer and surfactant.
• the catiomc polymer may be selected from the group consisting of natural backbone quaternary ammonium polymers, synthetic backbone quaternary ammonium polymers, natural backbone amphoteric type polymers, synthetic backbone amphoteric type polymers, and combinations thereof.
• the cationic polymer is selected from the group consisting of natural backbone quaternary ammonium polymers selected from the group consisting of Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium- 10, Polyquaternium-24, PG-hydroxyethylcellulose alkyldimonium chlorides, guar hydroxypropyltrimomum chloride, hydroxypropylguar hydroxypropyltrimomum chloride, and combinations thereof; synthetic backbone quaternary ammonium polymers selected from the group consisting of Polyquaternium-2, Polyquaternium-6, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium- 11, Polyquaternium- 16, Polyquaternium- 17, Polyquaternium-18, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium- 32, Polyquaternium-37, Polyquaternium-43, Polyquaternium-44, Polyquaternium-46, polymethacylamidopropyl trimonium chloride, acrylamidopropyl trimonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer, and
• the cationic polyamine polymer be selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneimines, polyv ylamines, polypropyleneimines, polylysines and combinations thereof. Even more preferably, the cationic polyamine polymer is a polyethyleneimine.
• the polyamine may be hydrophobically or hydrophilically modified. In this instance, the cationic polyamine polymer is selected from the group consisting of benzylated polyamines, ethoxylated polyamines, propoxylated polyamines, alkylated polyamines, amidated polyamines, esterified polyamines and combinations thereof.
• the coacervate-forming composition comprises from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the coacervate-forming composition, of the cationic polymer.
• Suitable anionic surfactants include those discussed above as related to the "cleansing component.”
• the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sarcosinates, glutamates, sodium alkyl sulfates, ammonium alkyl sulfates, sodium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium laureth-n-sulfates, sodium laureth-n-sulfates, isethionates, glycerylether sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and combinations thereof.
• the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, monosodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium alkyl sulfates, ammonium alkyl sulfates, sodium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium alkyleth sulfates, and combinations thereof.
• Suitable coacervate-forming compositions are further described in copending U. S. patent applications Serial Nos. 09/397,747, filed in the name of Schwartz et al.; 09/397,746, filed in the name of Heinrich et al.; 09/397,712, filed in the name of Schwartz et al.; 09/397,723, filed in the name of Heinrich et al.; and 09/397,722, filed in the name of Venkitaraman et al.; each of which were filed on September 16, 1999.
• the coacervate-forming composition or coacervate may comprise an anionic polymer, a cationic surfactant, and a dermatologically acceptable carrier for the polymer and surfactant.
• the anionic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, copolymers of acrylic acid, acrylamide, and other natural or synthetic polymers (e.g., polystyrene, polybutene, polyurethane, etc.), naturally derived gums, and combinations thereof.
• Suitable gums include alginates (e.g., propylene glycol alginate), pectins, chitosans (e.g., chitosan lactate), and modified gums (e.g., starch octenyl succinate), and combinations thereof. More preferably, the anionic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, pectins, chitosans, and combinations thereof. Preferred articles of the present invention comprise from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the coacervate-forming composition, of the anionic polymer. Suitable cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to, those discussed herein.
• the therapeutic benefit component of the article is suitable for providing therapeutic or aesthetic skin or hair benefits by deposition onto such surfaces of not only conditioning agents but also various agents including, but not limited to, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, antimicrobial actives, anti-fungal actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetic actives, artificial tanning agents and accelerators, anti-viral agents, enzymes, sunscreen actives, anti- oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• agents including, but not limited to, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, antimicrobial actives, anti-fungal actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetic actives, artificial tanning agents and accelerators, anti-viral agents, enzymes, sunscreen actives, anti- oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• the therapeutic benefit component may be contained within the cleansing component of the present invention or vice versa such that they form a unitary component with indistinguishable ingredients.
• the Abrasiveness Value indicates the "non-scouring" property of the first and second substrate layers of the present articles.
• the substrate layers of the present invention are mildly exfoliating but are not rough to the skin. Therefore, the Abrasiveness Value determination involves rubbing the substrate layers along a test surface using a mechanical device and then examining the resulting scratch marks produced on the test surface using different analysis techniques.
• the strips are analyzed.
• the strips are placed on a black construction paper background and at least 5 samples of the same substrate are analyzed to get a reproducible average.
• the Glossmeter is placed orthogonally (such that light beam is at right angles to scratches) and centrally over the scratched side of the polystyrene strip. A 20° angle is selected and the sample is measured yielding the Abrasiveness Value. As the Abrasiveness Value decreases the scratchiness or scouring property of a substrate increases.
• the articles of the present invention are considered to be “substantially dry”.
• substantially dry means that the articles of the present invention exhibit a Moisture Retention of less than about 0.95 gms, preferably less than about 0.75 gms, even more preferably, less than about 0.5 gms, even more preferably less than about 0.25 gms, even still more preferably less than about 0.15 gms, and most preferably, less than about 0.1 gms.
• the Moisture Retention is indicative of the dry feel that users perceive upon touching the articles of the present invention as opposed to the feel of "wet" wipes.
• the articles of the present invention may also be packaged individually or with additional articles suitable for providing separate benefits not provided by the primary article, e.g., aesthetic, therapeutic, functional, or otherwise, thereby fo ⁇ ning a personal care kit.
• the additional article of this personal care kit preferably comprises a substrate sheet comprising at least one layer and either a cleansing component containing a surfactant or a therapeutic benefit component disposed onto or impregnated into that layer of the substrate of the additional article.
• the additional article of the present invention may also serve a functional benefit in addition to or in lieu of a therapeutic or aesthetic benefit.
• the additional article may be useful as a drying implement suitable for use to aid in the removal of water from the skin or hair upon completion of a showering or bathing experience.
• the articles of the present invention may also comprise one or more chambers. Such chambers or compartments result from the connection (e.g., bonding) of the substrate layers to one another at various loci to define enclosed areas. These chambers are useful, e.g., for separating various article components from one another, e.g., the surfactant-containing cleansing component from a conditioning agent.
• the separated article components which provide a therapeutic or aesthetic or cleansing benefit may be released from the chambers in a variety of ways including, but not limited to, solubilization, emulsification, mechanical transfer, puncturing, popping, bursting, squeezing of the chamber or even peeling away a substrate layer which composes a portion of the chamber.
• the articles of the present invention may contain a variety of other components such as are conventionally used in a given product type provided that they do not unacceptably alter the benefits of the invention. These optional components should be suitable for application to human skin and hair, that is, when incorporated into the article they are suitable for use in contact with human skin without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like, within the scope of sound medical or formulator's judgment.
• CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition (1992) describes a wide variety of nonlimiting cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry, which are suitable for use in the articles of the present invention.
• ingredients classes include: enzymes, abrasives, skin exfoliating agents, absorbents, aesthetic components such as fragrances, pigments, colorings/colorants, essential oils, skin sensates, astringents, etc. (e.g., clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate), anti-acne agents (e.g., resorcinol, sulfur, salicylic acid, erythromycin, zinc, etc.), anti-caking agents, antifoaming agents, additional antimicrobial agents (e.g., iodopropyl butylcarbamate), antioxidants, binders, biological additives, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants, cosmetic astringents, cosmetic biocides, denaturants, drug astringents, external analgesics, film formers or materials, e.g., polymers, for
• the articles of the present invention may include carrier components such as are known in the art.
• Such carriers can include one or more compatible liquid or solid filler diluents or vehicles which are suitable for application to skin or hair.
• the articles of the present invention may optionally contain one or more of such optional components.
• Preferred articles optionally contain a safe and effective amount of therapeutic benefit component comprising a therapeutic benefit agent selected from the group consisting of vitamin compounds, skin treating agents, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, anti-skin atrophy actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetics, artificial tanning actives and accelerators, antimicrobial actives, anti-fungal actives, sunscreen actives, anti-oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• a therapeutic benefit agent selected from the group consisting of vitamin compounds, skin treating agents, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, anti-skin atrophy actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetics, artificial tanning actives and accelerators, antimicrobial actives, anti-fungal actives, sunscreen actives, anti-oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• a safe and effective amount means an amount of a compound or component sufficient to significantly induce a positive effect or benefit, but low enough to avoid serious side effects, (e.g., undue toxicity or allergic reaction), i.e., to provide a reasonable benefit to risk ratio, within the scope of sound medical judgment.
• the optional components useful herein can be categorized by their therapeutic or aesthetic benefit or their postulated mode of action. However, it is to be understood that the optional components useful herein can in some instances provide more than one therapeutic or aesthetic benefit or operate via more than one mode of action. Therefore, classifications herein are made for the sake of convenience and are not intended to limit the component to that particular application or applications listed. Also, when applicable, the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the components are useful herein. Vitamin Compounds
• the present articles may comprise vitamin compounds, precursors, and derivatives thereof. These vitamin compounds may be in either natural or synthetic form. Suitable vitamin compounds include, but are not limited to, Vitamin A (e.g., beta carotene, retinoic acid, retinol, retinoids, retinyl palmitate, retinyl proprionate, etc.), Vitamin B (e.g., niacin, niacinamide, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, etc.), Vitamin C (e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.), Vitamin D (e.g., ergosterol, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol, etc.), Vitamin E (e.g., tocopherol acetate, etc.), and Vitamin K (e.g., phytonadione, menadione, phthiocol, etc.) compounds.
• Vitamin A e.g., beta carotene, retinoic acid, retin
• the articles of the present invention may comprise a safe and effective amount of a vitamin B3 compound.
• Vitamin B 3 compounds are particularly useful for regulating skin condition as described in co-pending U. S. Application Serial No. 08/834,010, filed April 11, 1997 (corresponding to international publication WO 97/39733 Al. published October 30, 1997) which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the therapeutic component of the present invention preferably comprise from about 0.01% to about 50%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 10%, and still more preferably from about 1% to about 5%>, most preferably from about 2% to about 5%, of the vitamin B3 compound.
• vitamin B3 compound means a compound having the formula: wherein R is - CONH2 (i.e., niacinamide), - COOH (i.e., nicotinic acid) or - CH2OH (i.e., nicotinyl alcohol); derivatives thereof; and salts of any of the foregoing.
• R is - CONH2 (i.e., niacinamide), - COOH (i.e., nicotinic acid) or - CH2OH (i.e., nicotinyl alcohol); derivatives thereof; and salts of any of the foregoing.
• Exemplary derivatives of the foregoing vitamin B3 compounds include nicotinic acid esters, including non-vasodilating esters of nicotinic acid, nicotinyl amino acids, nicotinyl alcohol esters of carboxylic acids, nicotinic acid N-oxide and niacinamide N-oxide.
• vitamin B3 compounds are well known in the art and are commercially available from a number of sources, e.g., the Sigma Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO); ICN Biomedicals, Inc. (Irvin, CA) and Aldrich Chemical Company (Milwaukee, WI).
• the vitamin compounds may be included as the substantially pure material, or as an extract obtained by suitable physical and/or chemical isolation from natural (e.g., plant) sources.
• the articles of the present invention may contain one or more skin treating agents.
• suitable skin treating agents include those effective for preventing, retarding, arresting, and/or reversing skin wrinkles.
• suitable skin treating agents include, but are not limited to, alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and glycolic acid and beta-hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid.
• Anti-Acne Actives include, but are not limited to, alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and glycolic acid and beta-hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid.
• useful anti-acne actives for the articles of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the keratolytics such as salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid), derivatives of salicylic acid such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid, and resorcinol; retinoids such as retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans); sulfur-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly their N-acetyl derivatives, a preferred example of which is N-acetyl-L-cysteine; lipoic acid; antibiotics and antimicrobials such as benzoyl peroxide, octopirox, tetracycline, 2,4,4'- trichloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4'-trichlorobanilide, azelaic acid and its derivatives, phenoxyethanol, phenoxypropanol, phenoxyisopropano
• anti-wrinkle and anti-skin atrophy actives useful for the articles of the present invention include, but are not limited to, retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans); retinol; retinyl esters; niacinamide, salicylic acid and derivatives thereof; sulfiir-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly the N-acetyl derivatives, a preferred example of which is N-acetyl-L-cysteine; thiols, e.g., ethane thiol; hydroxy acids, phytic acid, lipoic acid; lysophosphatidic acid, and skin peel agents (e.g., phenol and the like).
• retinoic acid and its derivatives e.g., cis and trans
• retinol retinyl esters
• niacinamide niacinamide
• NSAIDS examples include acetyl salicylic acid, ibuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, fenbufen, ketoprofen, indoprofen, pirprofen, carprofen, oxaprozin, pranoprofen, miroprofen, tioxaprofen, suprofen, alminoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, fluprofen and bucloxic acid.
• steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including hydrocortisone and the like.
• Artificial Tanning Actives and Accelerators include, but are not limited to, benzocaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine, chlorprocaine, dibucaine, etidocaine, mepivacaine, tetracaine, dyclonine, hexylcaine, procaine, cocaine, ketamine, pramoxine, phenol, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• artificial tanning actives and accelerators useful for the articles of the present invention include, but are not limited to, dihydroxyacetaone, tyrosine, tyrosine esters such as ethyl tyrosinate, and phospho-DOPA.
• Antimicrobial and Antifungal Actives include, but are not limited to, dihydroxyacetaone, tyrosine, tyrosine esters such as ethyl tyrosinate, and phospho-DOPA.
• antimicrobial and antifungal actives useful for the articles of the present invention include, but are not limited to, ⁇ -lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4'- trichlorocarbanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxy propanol, phenoxyisopropanol, doxycycline, capreomycin, chlorhexidine, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, clindamycin, ethambutol, hexamidine isethionate, metronidazole, pentamidine, gentamicin, kanamycin, lineomycin, methacycline, methenamine, minocycline, neomycin, netilmicin, paromomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin, micon
• the articles of the present invention may further comprise one or more anti-viral agents.
• Suitable anti-viral agents include, but are not limited to, metal salts (e.g., silver nitrate, copper sulfate, iron chloride, etc.) and organic acids (e.g., malic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etc.).
• metal salts e.g., silver nitrate, copper sulfate, iron chloride, etc.
• organic acids e.g., malic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etc.
• compositions which contain additional suitable anti-viral agents include those described in copending U. S. patent applications Serial Nos.
• the article of the present invention may optionally include one or more enzymes.
• enzymes are dermatologically acceptable. Suitable enzymes include, but are not limited to, keratinase, protease, amylase, subtilisin, etc.. Sunscreen Actives
• sunscreening actives are also useful herein.
• a wide variety of sunscreening agents are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,087,445, to Haffey et al., issued February 11, 1992; U.S. Patent No. 5,073,372, to Turner et al., issued December 17, 1991; U.S. Patent No. 5,073,371, to Turner et al. issued December 17, 1991; and Segarin, et al., at Chapter VIII, pages 189 et seq., of Cosmetics Science and Technology, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
• sunscreens include those selected from the group consisting of 4-N,N-(2- ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acid ester of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-N,N-(2- ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acid ester with 4-hydroxydibenzoylmethane, 4-N.N- (2-ethylhexyl)- methylaminobenzoic acid ester of 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzophenone, 4-N,N-(2- ethylhexyl)-methylaminobenzoic acid ester of 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)dibenzoylmethane, and mixtures thereof.
• SPF Sun Protection Factor
• HydrocoUoids may also be optionally included in the articles of the present invention.
• Hydrocolloids are well known in the art and are helpful in extending the useful life of the surfactants contained in the cleansing component of the present invention such that the articles may last throughout at least one entire showering or bathing experience.
• Suitable hydrocolloids include, but are not limited to, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxylpropyl cellulose, methyl and ethyl cellulose, natural gums, gudras guar gum, bean gum, natural starches, deionitized starches (e.g., starch octenyl succinate) and the like.
• Exothermic Zeolites include, but are not limited to, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxylpropyl cellulose, methyl and ethyl cellulose, natural gums, gudras guar gum, bean gum, natural starches, de
• the articles of present invention preferably comprise one or more polymeric materials which are oil-soluble and form a gel with hydrophobic materials (e.g. oils) of the therapeutic benefit component.
• hydrophobic materials e.g. oils
• the articles preferably comprise from about 0.05% to about 100%, by weight of the substrate sheet, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 20%, and most preferably from about 1% to about 10%, of an oil-soluble polymeric gelling agent, calculated based on the dry weight of the polymeric gelling agent.
• Suitable materials come from the chemical groups of PE (polyethylenes), PVA (polyvinyl alcohols) and derivatives, PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidones) and derivatives, PVP/Alkene Copolymers, PVP/NA copolymers, PVM/MA (methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) copolymers and their esters and ethers, particularly poly (alkyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymers, ethylene/VA copolymers, styrene/isoprene, styrene/ethylene/butylene, styrene/ethylene/propylene, styrene/elhylene/butylene/styrene and styrene/butadiene copolymers.
• PE polyethylenes
• PVA polyvinyl alcohols
• PVP polyvinylpyrrolidones
• PVP/Alkene Copolymers P
• Suitable materials are available e.g. from Dupont (ELNAX® types), BASF (LUVISKOL® types), Shell (KRATO ⁇ ® polymers) and ISP (PVP, GA ⁇ TREZ® and GA ⁇ EX® types). Hydrogel Forming Polymeric Gelling Agents
• the articles may optionally comprise an aqueous gel, i.e., a "hydrogel", formed from a hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent and water. More specifically, the hydrogel is contained within the cleansing component or the therapeutic benefit component of the article.
• the articles preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 100%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, more preferably from about 3% to about 50%, and most preferably from about 5% to about 35%, of a hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent, calculated based on the dry weight of the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent materials of the present invention are at least partially crosslinked polymers prepared from polymerizable, unsaturated acid- containing monomers which are water-soluble or become water-soluble upon hydrolysis.
• monomers which are water-soluble or become water-soluble upon hydrolysis.
• monomers having at least one hydrophilic radical, including (but not limited to) olefinically unsaturated acids and anhydrides which contain at least one carbon- carbon olefinic double bond.
• water-soluble means that the monomer is soluble in deionized water at 25°C at a level of at least 0.2%, preferably at least 1.0%.
• monomeric units as described above will generally constitute from about 25 mole percent to 99.99 mole percent, more preferably from about 50 mole percent to 99.99 mole percent, most preferably at least about 75 mole percent of the polymeric gelling agent material (dry polymer weight basis), of acid-containing monomers.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent herein is partially crosslinked to a sufficient degree preferably that is high enough such that the resulting polymer does not exhibit a glass transition temperature (Tg) below about 140°C, and accordingly, the term "hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent," as used herein, shall mean polymers meeting this parameter.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent does not have a Tg below about 180°C, and more preferably does not have a Tg prior to decomposition of the polymer, at temperatures of about 300°C or higher.
• the Tg can be determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) conducted at a heating rate of 20.0 C°/minute with 5 mg or smaller samples.
• the Tg is calculated as the midpoint between the onset and endset of heat flow change corresponding to the glass transition on the DSC heat capacity heating curve.
• the use of DSC to determine Tg is well known in the art, and is described by B. Cassel and M. P. DiVito in "Use of DSC To Obtain Accurate Thermodynamic and Kinetic Data", American Laboratory, January 1994, pp 14-19, and by B. Wunderlich in Thermal Analysis. Academic Press, Inc., 1990.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric material is characterized as highly absorbent and able to retain water in its absorbed or "gel” state.
• Preferred hydrogel foiming polymeric gelling agent hereof will be able to absorb at least about 40 g water (deionized) per gram of gelling agent, preferably at least about 60 g/g, more preferably at least about 80 g/g.
• Absorptive Capacity herein can be determined according to the procedure in the Absorptive Capacity "Tea Bag” test described above.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent hereof will, in general, be at least partially crosslinked.
• Suitable cross-linking agents are well know in the art and include, for example, (1) compounds having at least two polymerizable double bonds; (2) compounds having at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one functional group reactive with the acid-containing monomer material; (3) compounds having at least two functional groups reactive with the acid- containing monomer material; and (4) polyvalent metal compounds which can form ionic cross- linkages.
• Cross-linking agents having at least two polymerizable double bonds include (i) di- or polyvinyl compounds such as divinylbenzene and divinyltoluene; (ii) di- or poly-esters of misaturated mono- or poly-carboxylic acids with polyols including, for example, di- or triacrylic acid esters of polyols such as ethylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerine, or polyoxyethylene glycols; (iii) bisacrylamides such as N,N-methylenebisacrylamide; (iv) carbamyl esters that can be obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with hydroxyl group-containing monomers; (v) di- or poly- allyl ethers of polyols; (vi) di- or poly-allyl esters of polycarboxylic acids such as diallyl phthalate, diallyl adipate, and the like; (vii) esters of unsaturated mono- or poly-carboxylic acids with
• Cross-linking agents having at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one functional group reactive with the acid-containing monomer material include N-methylol acrylamide, glycidyl acrylate, and the like.
• Suitable cross-linking agents having at least two functional groups reactive with the acid-containing monomer material include glyoxal; polyols such as ethylene glycol and glycerol; polyamines such as alkylene diamines (e.g., ethylene diamine), polyalkylene polyamines, polyepoxides, di- or polyglycidyl ethers and the like.
• Suitable polyvalent metal cross-linking agents which can form ionic cross-linkages include oxides, hydroxides and weak acid salts (e.g., carbonate, acetate and the like) of alkaline earth metals (e.g., calcium, magnesium) and zinc, including, for example, calcium oxide and zinc diacetate.
• alkaline earth metals e.g., calcium, magnesium
• zinc including, for example, calcium oxide and zinc diacetate.
• cross-linking agents of many of the foregoing types are described in greater detail in Masuda et al., U. S. Patent 4,076,663, issued February 28, 1978, and Allen et al., U. S. Patent 4,861,539, issued August 29, 1989, both incorporated herein by reference.
• Preferred cross-linking agents include the di- or polyesters of unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids mono-allyl esters of polyols, the bisacrylamides, and the di- or tri-allyl amines.
• Specific examples of especially preferred cross-linking agents include N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and trimethylol propane triacrylate.
• the cross-linking agent will generally constitute from about 0.001 mole percent to 5 mole percent of the resulting hydrogel-forming polymeric material. More generally, the cross-linking agent will constitute from about 0.01 mole percent to 3 mole percent of the hydrogel-forming polymeric gelling agent used herein.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents hereof may be employed in their partially neutralized form.
• such materials are considered partially neutralized when at least 25 mole percent, and preferably at least 50 mole percent of monomers used to form the polymer are acid group-containing monomers which have been neutralized with a base.
• Suitable neutralizing bases cations include hydroxides of alkali and alkaline earth metal (e.g. KOH, NaOH), ammonium, substituted ammonium, and amines such as amino alcohols (e.g., 2- amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol, diethanolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol.
• This percentage of the total monomers utilized which are neutralized acid group-containing monomers is referred to herein as the "degree of neutralization.” The degree of neutralization will preferably not exceed 98%.
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents suitable for use herein are well known in the art, and are described, for example, in U. S. Patent 4,076,663, Masuda et al., issued February 28, 1978; U. S. Patent 4,062,817, Westerman, issued December 13, 1977; U. S. Patent 4,286,082, Tsubakimoto et al., issued August 25, 1981; U. S. Patent 5,061,259, Goldman et al., issued October 29, 1991, and U. S. Patent 4,654,039, Brandt et al., issued March 31, 1987 each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents suitable for use herein are also described in U. S. Patent 4,731,067, Le-Khac, issued March 15, 1988, U. S. Patent 4,743,244, Le-Khac, issued May 10, 1988, U. S. Patent 4,813,945, Le-Khac, issued March 21, 1989, U. S. Patent 4,880,868, Le-Khac, issued November 14, 1989, U. S. Patent 4,892,533, Le-Khac, issued January 9, 1990, U. S. Patent 5,026,784, Le-Khac, issued June 25, 1991, U. S. Patent 5,079,306, Le-Khac, issued January 7, 1992, U. S. Patent 5,151,465, Le-Khac, issued September 29, 1992, U.
• Suitable hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents in the form of particles are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Portsmouth, VA, USA (SanwetTM Superabsorbent Polymers) Nippon Shokubai, Japan (AqualicTM, e.g., L-75, L-76) and Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA (Dry TechTM).
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents in the form of fibers are commercially available from Camelot Technologies Inc., Leominster, MA, USA (FibersorbTM, e.g., SA 7200H, SA 7200M, SA 7000L, SA 7000, and SA 7300).
• the articles of the present invention may also contain other hydrophilic gelling agents.
• These include carboxylic acid-containing polymers as otherwise described above, except which have relatively lower degrees of crosslinking, such that they exhibit a Tg below 140°C, as well as a variety of other water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers, such as cellulose ethers (e.g. hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum and xanthan gum.
• Preferred among these additional hydrophilic gelling agents are the acid-containing polymers, particularly carboxylic acid- containing polymers.
• Preferred copolymers useful in the present invention are polymers of a monomeric mixture containing 95 to 99 weight percent of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic, methacrylic and ethacrylic acids; about 1 to about 3.5 weight percent of an acrylate ester of the formula:
• R is an alkyl radical containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms and Ri is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; and 0.1 to 0.6 weight percent of a polymerizable cross-linking polyalkenyl polyether of a polyhydric alcohol containing more than one alkenyl ether group per molecule wherein the parent polyhydric alcohol contains at least 3 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
• these polymers contain from about 96 to about 97.9 weight percent of acrylic acid and from about 2.5 to about 3.5 weight percent of acrylic esters wherein the alkyl group contains 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and Ri is methyl, most preferably the acrylate ester is stearyl methacrylate.
• the amount of crosslinking polyalkenyl polyether monomer is from about 0.2 to 0.4 weight percent.
• the preferred crosslinking polyalkenyl polyether monomers are allyl pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane diallylether or allyl sucrose.
• copolymers useful in the present invention are the polymers which contain at least two monomeric ingredients, one being a monomeric olefinically-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and the other being a polyalkenyl, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol. Additional monomeric materials may be present in the monomeric mixture if desired, even in predominant proportion.
• the first monomeric ingredient useful in the production of these carboxylic polymers are the olefinically-unsaturated carboxylic acids containing at least one activated carbon-to-carbon olefinic double bond, and at least one carboxyl group.
• Another useful carboxylic monomer is maleic anhydride or the acid. The amount of acid used will be from about 95.5 to about 98.9 weight percent.
• the additional monomeric materials which may be present in the polymers include polyfunctional vinylidene monomers containing at least two terminal CH2 ⁇ groups, including for example, butadiene, isoprene, divinyl benzene, divinyl naphthlene, allyl acrylates, and the like. These polymers are fully described in U. S. Patent No. 2,798,053, to Brown, issued July 2, 1957, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• carboxylic acid copolymers useful in the present invention include Carbomer 934, Carbomer 941, Carbomer 950, Carbomer 951, Carbomer 954, Carbomer 980, Carbomer 981, Carbomer 1342, acrylates/C 10-30 alkyl acrylate cross polymer (available as Carbopol 934, Carbopol 941, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 951, Carbopol 954, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 981, Carbopol 1342, and the Pemulen series, respectively, from B. F. Goodrich).
• carboxylic acid copolymers useful in the present invention include sodium salts of acrylic acid acrylamide copolymers sold by the Hoechst Celanese Corporation under the trademark of Hostaceren PN73. Also included are the hydrogel polymers sold by Lipo Chemicals Inc. under the trademark of HYP AN hydrogels. These hydrogels consist of crystalline plicks of nitrates on a C-C backbone with various other pendant groups such as carboxyls, amides, and amidines. An example would include HYP AN SA 100 H, a polymer powder available from Lipo Chemical.
• Neutralizing agents for use in neutralizing the acidic groups of these polymers include those previously described.
• Cationic Surfactants Cationic surfactants are typically categorized as non-lathering surfactants but may be used in the articles of the present invention provided they do not negatively impact the desired benefits of the articles.
• noisy examples of catiomc surfactants useful herein are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials. North American Edition (1992); both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful herein include cationic alkyl ammonium salts such as those having the formula: l R 2 3 R4 N + X " wherein R , is selected from an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, or
• alkyl groups are independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; and X is an anion selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tosylate, lactate, citrate, glycolate, and mixtures thereof.
• the alkyl groups can also contain ether linkages, or hydroxy or amino group substituents (e.g., the alkyl groups can contain polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol moieties).
• Ri is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms
• R2 is selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms
• R3 and R4 are independently selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms
• X is as described in the previous paragraph.
• W ⁇ is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms
• R2, R3, and R4 are selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as described previously.
• cationic surfactants include amino-amides, wherein in the above structure Ri is alternatively R5CO-(CH2) n -, wherein R5 is an alkyl group having from about 12
• Nonlimiting examples of these cationic emulsifiers include stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of cetyl ammonium chloride, cetyl ammomum bromide, lauryl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium bromide, stearyl ammonium chloride, stearyl ammonium bromide, cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl ammonium bromide, stearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammomum bromide, stearyl trimethyl ammomum bromide, stearyl trimethyl ammomum bromide, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammomum bromide, stearyl
• Additional quaternary ammonium salts include those wherein the C 12 to C22 alkyl carbon chain is derived from a tallow fatty acid or from a coconut fatty acid.
• tallow refers to an alkyl group derived from tallow fatty acids (usually hydrogenated tallow fatty acids), which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains in the C16 to C18 range.
• coconut refers to an alkyl group derived from a coconut fatty acid, which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains in the C12 to C14 range.
• Examples of quaternary ammonium salts derived from these tallow and coconut sources include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallow dimethyl ammomum methyl sulfate, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropyl ammonium phosphate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate, ⁇ (coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium bromide, tallow ammomum chloride, coconut ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl am
• Preferred cationic surfactants useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammomum chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammomum chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
• the articles of the present invention may also comprise a safe and effective amount of a chelator or chelating agent.
• chelator or “chelating agent” means an active agent capable of removing a metal ion from a system by forming a complex so that the metal ion cannot readily participate in or catalyze chemical reactions.
• the inclusion of a chelating agent is especially useful for providing protection against UV radiation that can contribute to excessive scaling or skin texture changes and against other environmental agents, which can cause skin damage.
• a safe and effective amount of a chelating agent may be added to the compositions of the subject invention, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, of the composition.
• Exemplary chelators that are useful herein are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,487,884, issued 1/30/96 to Bissett et al.; International Publication No. 91/16035, Bush et al, published 10/31/95; and International Publication No. 91/16034, Bush et al., published 10/31/95.
• Preferred chelators useful in compositions of the subject invention are furildioxime and derivatives thereof. Flavonoids
• Flavonoids are broadly disclosed in U.S. Patents 5,686,082 and 5,686,367, both of which are herem incorporated by reference.
• Flavonoids suitable for use in the present invention are flavanones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted flavanones, mono-substituted flavanones, and mixtures thereof; chalcones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted chalcones, mono-substituted chalcones, di-substituted chalcones, tri-substituted chalcones, and mixtures thereof; flavones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted flavones, mono- substituted flavones, di-substituted flavones, and mixtures thereof; one or more isoflavones; coumarins selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted coumarins, mono-sub
• substituted means flavonoids wherein one or more hydrogen atom of the flavonoid has been independently replaced with hydroxyl, C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxyl, O-glycoside, and the like or a mixture of these substituents.
• suitable flavonoids include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted flavanone, mono-hydroxy flavanones (e.g., 2 '-hydroxy flavanone, 6-hydroxy flavanone, 7-hydroxy flavanone, etc.), mono-alkoxy flavanones (e.g., 5-methoxy flavanone, 6-methoxy flavanone, 7-methoxy flavanone, 4'-methoxy flavanone, etc.), unsubstituted chalcone (especially unsubstituted trans- chalcone), mono-hydroxy chalcones (e.g., 2'-hydroxy chalcone, 4'-hydroxy chalcone, etc.), dihydroxy chalcones (e.g., 2', 4-dihydroxy chalcone, 2',4'-dihydroxy chalcone, 2,2 '-dihydroxy chalcone, 2',3-dihydroxy chalcone, 2',5 '-dihydroxy chalcone,
• unsubstituted flavanone methoxy flavanones, unsubstituted chalcone, 2', 4-dihydroxy chalcone, and mixtures thereof.
• Most preferred are • unsubstituted flavanone, unsubstituted chalcone (especially the trans isomer), and mixtures thereof.
• Flavonoid compounds useful herein are commercially available from a number of sources, e.g., Indofine Chemical Company, Inc. (Somerville, New Jersey), Steraloids, hie. (Wilton, New Hampshire), and Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc. (Milwaukee, Wisconsin).
• the herein described flavonoid compounds are preferably present in the instant invention at concentrations of from about 0.01% to about 20%), more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%.
• Sterols The articles of the present invention may comprise a safe and effective amount of one or more sterol compounds.
• useful sterol compounds include sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol, lanosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, and mixtures thereof. These can be synthetic in origin or from natural sources, e.g., blends extracted from plant sources (e.g., phytosterols).
• Anti-Cellulite Agents include sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol, lanosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, and mixtures thereof. These can be synthetic in origin or from natural sources, e.g., blends extracted from plant sources (e.g., phytosterols).
• the articles of the present invention may also comprise a safe and effective amount of an anti-cellulite agent.
• Suitable agents may include, but are not limited to, xanthine compounds (e.g., caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, and aminophylline).
• the articles of the present invention may comprise a skin lightening agent.
• the compositions preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, also preferably from about 0.5% to about 2%, by weight of the composition, of a skin lightening agent.
• Suitable skin lightening agents include those known in the art, including kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof, e.g., magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or sodium ascorbyl phosphate or other salts of ascorbyl phosphate.
• Skin lightening agents suitable for use herein also include those described in copending patent application Serial No. 08/479,935, filed on June 7, 1995 in the name of Hillebrand, corresponding to PCT Application No.
• the articles of the present invention may optionally comprise binders. Binders or binding materials are useful for sealing the various layers of the present articles to one another thereby maintaining the integrity of the article.
• the binders may be in a variety of forms including, but not limited to, spray on, webs, separate layers, binding fibers, etc. Suitable binders may comprise latexes, polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins and combinations thereof. Additional Layers
• the article of the present invention may comprise one or more additional layers which one having ordinary skill in the art would recognize as separate and distinct from the first and second substrate layers yet which are attached to these layers at some point.
• the additional layers are suitable for enhancing the overall grippability of the side of the article closest to the hand or other means for exerting mechanical action on the surface to be cleansed and therapeutically treated.
• the additional layers are suitable for enhancing the soft feel of the side of the article which contacts the area to be cleansed and therapeutically treated.
• these additional layers may also be referred to as consecutively numbered layers in addition to the two essential layers of the articles of the present invention, e.g., third layer, fourth layer, etc..
• Suitable additional layers may comprise those materials which are disclosed above as suitable for the first and second substrate layers.
• Other materials suitable for any additional layers may be those that are macroscopically expanded or embossed.
• macroscopically expanded refers to webs, ribbons, and films which have been caused to conform to the surface of a three-dimensional forming structure so that both surfaces thereof exhibit a three-dimensional forming pattern of surface aberrations corresponding to the macroscopic cross-section of the forming structure, wherein the surface aberrations comprising the pattern are individually discernible to the normal naked eye (i.e., normal naked eye having 20/20 vision) when the perpendicular distance between the viewer's eye and the plane of the web is about 12 inches.
• embssed it is meant that the forming structure of the material exhibits a pattern comprised primarily of male projections.
• debossed refers to when the forming structure of the material exhibits a pattern comprised primarily of female capillary networks.
• Preferred macroscopically expanded films comprise formed films which are structural elastic-like films. These films are described in U. S. Patent No. 5,554,145, issued September 10, 1996, to Roe et al., which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• Materials suitable for use in the additional layer having a thickness of at least one millimeter include, but are not limited to, those web materials disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 5,518,801, issued to Chappell et al. on May 21, 1996, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the personal care articles of the present invention are manufactured by adding the cleansing component to the first and/or second substrate layers via a conventional method which may include, but is not limited to, sprinkling, dip coating, spraying, slot coating, and roll transfer (e.g., pressure roll or kiss roll).
• the first and second layers are then placed on top of one another.
• the layers are sealed together by a conventional sealing method which may include, but is not limited to, heat, pressure, glue, ultrasound, etc.
• Heat sealing devices vary in design, and where a seal may not be able to be effected an interposing layer of a low-melting heat-sealable fibrous web such as the polyamide fibrous web known as Wonder Under (manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL) may be used between layers for this and other examples without changing the effect or utility of the articles.
• the therapeutic benefit component is added to the first and/or second substrate layer via a conventional method which may include, but is not limited to, pipetting, multi-pipetting using an x/y table to control the pipetting head, bead coating using a hotmelt applicator head with jetting capability (e.g. ITW Dynatec Dyna BF series coating heads), slot coating, screen printing, gravure printing, spraying and roll transfer.
• a conventional method which may include, but is not limited to, pipetting, multi-pipetting using an x/y table to control the pipetting head, bead coating using a hotmelt applicator head with jetting capability (e.g. ITW Dynatec Dyna BF series coating heads), slot coating, screen printing, gravure printing, spraying and roll transfer.
• the manufacturing step may take place before or after sealing depending on the location of the therapeutic benefit component on the finished article.
• the sealed sheets are then partitioned into units for the consumer's use.
• Optional manufacturing steps may include calendaring to flatten the article, drying, creping, shrinking, stretching, embossing, or otherwise mechanically deforming.
• the present invention also relates to methods of cleansing and conditioning the skin and/or hair. These methods comprise the steps of: A) wetting with water an article suitable for cleansing that comprises a) a substrate sheet which comprises: 1) a first substrate layer; and 2) a second substrate layer attached to said first layer; b) a cleansing component disposed adjacent to said substrate sheet; and c) a therapeutic benefit component disposed adjacent to said substrate sheet wherein said therapeutic benefit component occupies less than about 50 cm 2 of the substrate sheet per gram of therapeutic benefit component; and B) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted article.
• it is preferred that the skin or hair is first contacted and cleansed with a surface of the article and is then contacted with another surface that contains the therapeutic benefit component.
• Another method of this invention comprises the steps of: A) wetting with water an article suitable for cleansing that comprises a) a substrate sheet which comprises: 1) a first substrate layer; and 2) a second substrate layer sealed to said first layer to thereby form at least one reservoir seal in at least one surface of said substrate sheet wherein the reservoir seal is in a form selected from the group consisting of shapes, designs, logos, and combinations thereof; b) a cleansing component disposed adjacent to said substrate sheet; and c) a therapeutic benefit component disposed within said reservoir seal wherein said therapeutic benefit component occupies less than about 50 cm 2 of the substrate sheet per gram of therapeutic benefit component; and B) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted article.
• another method of the present invention comprises the steps of: A) wetting with water an article which comprises: a) a substrate sheet that comp a first and second substrate layer wherein said second substrate layer is attached to said first layer; and b) a therapeutic benefit component disposed adjacent to said substrate sheet wherein the occupied surface area of said therapeutic benefit component is less than about 50 c Vgm; and B) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted article.
• the articles of the present invention are water-activated and are therefore intended to be wetted with water prior to use.
• water-activated means that the present invention is presented to the consumer in dry form to be used after wetting with water. It is found that when the articles of the present invention include a lathering surfactant they produce a lather or are "activated” upon contact with water and further agitation. Accordingly, the article is wetted by immersion in water or by placing it under a stream of water.
• lather may be generated from the article by mechanically agitating and or deforming the article either prior to or during contact of the article with the skin or hair.
• any therapeutic or aesthetic benefit agents are deposited onto the skin or hair.
• Deposition of the therapeutic or aesthetic benefit agents are enhanced by the physical contact of the substrate with the skin or hair as well by the inclusion of one or more deposition aids.
• Example 1 Prepare a representative cleansing component for the articles of the present invention inthe following manner.
• Example 5 Blend the bar soap flakes with sodium bicarbonate in a 90:10 weight ratio. Mill the mixture twice in a standard 3 -roll mill. Collect the flakes and store in a suitable sealed container.
• Example 5 Blend the bar soap flakes with sodium bicarbonate in a 90:10 weight ratio. Mill the mixture twice in a standard 3 -roll mill. Collect the flakes and store in a suitable sealed container.
• Example 6 Prepare a representative cleansing component for the articles of the present invention inthe following manner. Blend the cleansing component of Example 2 with 0.1% by weight of the bar soap flakes of a protease enzyme. Next, blend the resultant mixture with 2% by weight of the cleansing component of a dry hydrocoUoid, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and mill. Store the enzyme-containing cleansing component in a suitable sealed container.
• Example 6
• Example 13 Heat the mixture to 50 degrees Celsius, stirring continuously, until the mixture has lost 38% of its original weight, and it has a paste-like consistency.
• the paste advantageously is easy to process with substrate layers and requires no further drying.
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids Melt the ethylene vinyl acetate polymer into the SEFA cottonate at 90 degrees Celsius and high shear mix. Add the surfactant powders and citric acid and mix. Add the silicone polymer microbeads, mix, and cool to set. The composition is remeltable and easy impregnate into or coat onto substrate layers.
• Example 15 Melt alcohol ethoxylate. Blend in the carboxylate until homogeneous. Next, cool the mixture to solidify until ready for use. The composition is remeltable and easy impregnate into or coat onto cloths. Example 15
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids available as Thixcin R from Rheox
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids
• Example 48 Glycerin incorporated into microspheres, then blended into molten lipid phase and cooled for storage or applied to cloth. Examples 52-57
• Examples 68-74 Prepare a representative conditioning component for the articles of the present invention as described in Examples 37-41.
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids
• Epomin SP-018 molecular weight about 1800, from Nippon Shokubai Co.
• Example 11 Four grams of the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable polyamide fibers.
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL.
• the cleansing component is applied to an oval area approximately 13 cm by 18 cm.
• the cleansing component is air dried.
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting has an air permeability of about 1270 cfin/ft 2 and a foam permeability critical pressure of about 2.7 cm H 2 0.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive.
• a layer of a nonwoven is placed under the fusible web to form the second side of the article.
• the nonwoven is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the shape of the article is about 122 mm x 160 mm oval.
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds in a grid pattern with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 4 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced. The article is trimmed and ready for use.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to " yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article.
• Example 99 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of Examples 37-41 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 96.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 6mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 99
• Example 100 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 96.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 6mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 100 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 96.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 6mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 100 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 96.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipe
• Example 101 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 90 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 96.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 102 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 6mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 102 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 6mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 102 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to the article as a hot liquid
• Example 103 Three grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied half to each side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is inthe form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 103 Three grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied half to each side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is inthe form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 103 Three grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied half to each side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C
• Example 104 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 65 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head to create two stripes of coating 5mm wide and 100mm long, 2 cm apart.
• Example 104 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 65 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head to create two stripes of coating 5mm wide and 100mm long, 2 cm apart.
• Example 104 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 65 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head to create two stripes of coating 5mm wide and 100mm long, 2 cm apart.
• Example 104 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 65 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as
• Example 105 Four grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 59 is applied, half to each side, to the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head to create two stripes of coating 5mm wide and 100mm long, 2 cm apart on each side of the article.
• Example 105
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied as a warm liquid (60°C) to one side of a second web using a coating head.
• the coating is intermittent to create patches of coating 15mm wide and 70mm long containing 2g of skin conditioner, where each article wiU contain one patch of skin conditioner.
• the second web is is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting,.
• the coated second web is continuously fed over the first substrate placing the coated side in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article.
• Example 107 Four grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 59 is applied to one side of the fimshed article of Example 97.
• the composition is screen printed as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to create a printed Olay® logo covering a surface area of 10cm 2 .
• Example 107
• Example 19 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 108 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 108 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a
• Example 109 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 90 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 5mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 109 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 90 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 5mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0. lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 109 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 90 is applied to one side of the finished article of Example 97.
• the composition is applied to one side of the article as a hot liquid (60-70°C) using a pipette
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded corners.
• Example 110 Two grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied to one side of the finished article.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 4mm diameter.
• Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points to form a patch of coating dots on a central area of the cloth.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Example 111 The web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners. Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 69 is applied to one side of the finished article. The composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 4mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• Example 12 Four grams of the cleansing component of Example 12 is applied to one side of a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable polyamide fibers.
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL.
• the cleansing component is applied to an oval area approximately 13 cm by 18 cm.
• the cleansing component is air dried.
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting has an air permeability of about 1270 cfm ft 2 and a foam permeability critical pressure of about 2.7 cm H 2 0.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive.
• a layer of a nonwoven is placed under the fusible web to form the second side of the article.
• the nonwoven is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the shape of the article is about 122 mm x 160 mm oval.
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds in a grid pattern with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 4 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• Two grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 69 is applied to one side of the finished article.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 5mm diameter. Each dot contains about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• the article is trimmed and ready for use Examples 112-114
• a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable fibers in four quadrants forming a rectangle about 10 inches by 12 inches, leaving space at Xhe edge and between quadrants to seal layers without the presence of surfactant.
• the permeable web is a fibrous, low density polyethylene (LDPE or LLDPE) material commonly available from sewing supply distributors.
• LDPE low density polyethylene
• a layer of 4 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 4 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of polyester fibers of about 30 microns average diameter and is adhesive bonded, available for example as Mountain Mist Extra Heavy Batting #205 from Stearns Textiles, Cincinnati, OH.
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed under the fusible web.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 300 degrees Fahrenheit and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y- direction measuring about 2 mm width. After cooling, three grams of the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is applied to one side of the finished article.
• composition is applied as a hot liquid (70-80°C) using an extrusion jetting head such that the coating is in the form of dots of about 7mm diameter. Each dot contains about 0.3g of composition.
• the article is trimmed and the corners rounded and it is stored until ready for use. Examples 115-116
• a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable fibers.
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL.
• the powder is sprinkled evenly over an oval area approximately 17 cm by 19 cm.
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in.
• a second nonwoven layer is prepared which is hydroapertured, comprising polyester fibers of about 10 microns diameter and containing within it an interlaced polypropylene scrim having a fiber diameter about 150 microns, laced at about 0.8 cm intervals.
• the second layer is cut larger than the required article dimensions and placed in a convection oven at a temperature of about 150 degrees Celsius for about 10 minutes, until the X- and Y-dimensions of the layer have shrunk to about 70 percent of their original size and the layer has a macroscopic thickness of about 0.12 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the layer has a macroscopic average basis weight of about 64 gsm before sl ⁇ inking, and apertures measuring about 0.5 mm average diameter.
• the second layer is placed under the fusible web and the layers are sealed together using point bonds and also a 2 mm wide seal around the perimeter with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 3 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed, and 2.5 grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 30 is applied to one side of the finished article.
• the composition is applied as a hot liquid (about 50°C) to the article surfaces using a pipette such that the coating is in the form of dots, each containing about O.lg composition and these dots are located in some of the sealing points.
• the composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use. Examples 117-122
• Liquid surfactant composition is applied to one side of a first substrate by coating with a brush -until 2 grams of solid surfactant has been applied, in a windowpane design avoiding the edges and the sealing loci.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30%> PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the substrates are air dried in a convection oven at 45 C for about 6 hours or until dry to the touch.
• a second substrate which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is placed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core- sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure- platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA • with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 300 degrees Fahrenheit and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• the article is trimmed and 3 grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 31 is applied as a hot liquid (about 50°C) using a pipette to one surface of the article such that the coating is in the form of dots, each containing about O.lg composition.
• the composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use. Examples 123-128
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35%o 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm), and is airlaid and heat bonded with no adhesive.
• the surfactant is heated to melting point and held in a reservoir at about 65°C and fed by pump to an extrusion head which continuously meters 4 cylindrical strands onto the web at even spacing across the web, to achieve a final add-on rate of about 5 grams of composition per finished article.
• a second web which is a microapertured and macroapertured formed film which is the formed film of U.S. Patent No. 4,629,643 is continuously fed onto the first web, macroapertured male side towards the batting and surfactant.
• the skin conditioning component is coated onto the exposed batting surface at a rate of 3 grams of composition per finished article in two stripes 5mm wide and 10cm long. The coating is applied while hot, cooling on the article surface to solidify.
• the webs are continuously sealed and cut into 120mm by 160 mm rectangles with rounded corners using a heated metal roll and a pressure roll applied against the formed film side.
• the articles are packaged until ready for use. Examples 129-131
• Liquid surfactant composition is applied to one side of a first substrate by coating with a brush until 2 grams of solid surfactant has been applied, in a windowpane design avoiding the edges and the sealing loci.
• the substrate is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30%) 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the composition is dried.
• a second substrate which is a high wet strength, adhesive bonded cellulose paper towel with good loft and a basis weight of about 53 gsm is placed over the surfactant exposed side of the batting.
• a useful towel is available from The Procter & Gamble Company and marketed as Bounty Rinse & Reuse ®, which retains its Z- direction height when wet, and which has a thickness of about 0.047 inches at 5 gsi.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure- platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to form an adequate seal.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y- direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• the article is trimmed, and 1.5 grams of skin conditioning component is applied to the lofty batting side of the article by an extrusion jetting head to form dots of coating, the jetting head is supplied with composition at 60°C.
• the composition dots are quickly dried on the article surface such that the dots do not expand substantially in size.
• the article is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• the cleansing component of Example 12 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per fimshed article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30%> 15 denier PET fibers, 35 > 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Example 133-134 The skin conditioning liquid of Example 78 is coated onto the web at 60°C to form one stripe of dimensions 4mm by 50mm at about 0.5 grams of composition per fimshed article.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners and packaged until ready for use.
• Example 133-134 The skin conditioning liquid of Example 78 is coated onto the web at 60°C to form one stripe of dimensions 4mm by 50mm at about 0.5 grams of composition per fimshed article.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners and packaged until ready for use.
• Example 133-134 Example 133-134
• the low water activity cleansing component of Example 2 is three-roll milled with aliiminosilicate (available as Advera 401 N from The PQ Corporation, Valley Forge, PA, which generates heat due to an exothermic reaction upon exposure to water) in a ratio of 1 : 1.
• aliiminosilicate available as Advera 401 N from The PQ Corporation, Valley Forge, PA, which generates heat due to an exothermic reaction upon exposure to water
• Ten grams the cleansing component is applied to one side of a layer of batting.
• the batting is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core- sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a second nonwoven layer is prepared which is hydroapertured, comprising polyester fibers of about 10 microns diameter and containing within it an interlaced scrim having a fiber diameters about 100 microns ⁇ inning across the width of the nonwoven and about 250 microns orthogonal to the width, laced (bonded) at about 1 cm intervals.
• Such a scrim is available from Conwed plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• the second nonwoven has a basis weight of about 70 gsm, and is slightly creped due to web tension during manufacture of the nonwoven, and subsequent relaxation of the tension.
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds and also a 2 mm wide seal around the perimeter with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 3 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed, and 4 grams of skin conditioning component is applied to the lofty batting side of the article using an extrusion jetting head to apply the composition at 60°C in dots in some of the sealing points.
• the composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use. Examples 135-142
• the surfactant composition of Example 11 is spread evenly by hand across a lofty batting.
• the batting is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed under over the surfactant coated side of the batting.
• the layers are sealed together using interlocking sealing plates using an unheated plate having inverted thimble-shaped reservoirs spaced evenly in a hexagonal grid pattern.
• the thimble shaped reservoirs are about 1.2 cm diameter at the base and are spaced about 2 cm apart, center-to-center.
• the land area between the dimples on the unheated plate is concave inwards by several mm, forming an interconnected trough.
• the heated plate has an external ridge which fit precisely into the trough on the land area of the unheated plate.
• the heated plate contacts the cellulose/polyester substrate and a heat seal is effected using pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the resulting unfinished article has pronounced thimble shapes rising up on the batting side, and shorter dimples or 'buttons' rising up on the cellulose/polyester substrate side of the article, making both sides easy to grip.
• the article is cut into a rectangle about 120 mm by 160 mm.
• Three grams of skin conditioning component per article is pipetted into the trough area while the composition is hot, and allowed to cool and solidify. The article is packaged until ready for use. Examples 143-144
• the liquid cleansing component of Example 16 is applied to a first substrate by dipping a 120 mm by 160 mm section of the substrate in a bath of the composition until it has increased its weight by about 8 grams.
• the substrate is a batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the substrate is dried.
• a piece of a second substrate which is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive and hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter, having a basis weight of about 70 gsm is placed over the first substrate.
• the substrates are sealed together using an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the article.
• Four grams of skin conditioning component is applied, half to each side of the article by using an extrusion jetting head to apply dots of formulation into some of the sealing points.
• the extrusion jetting head is fed by a hot melt tank at 60°C. Each dot contains about O.lg of conditioner.
• the composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use. Examples 145-149
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning component is slot coated from a hot reservoir pumped through a slot dye conta ⁇ iing a shim such that two thick stripes, 5mm wide and 2cm apart are coated onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 3 grams of skin conditioning component per finished article (about 140 gsm add-on per side), and passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces.
• the web is cut into mdividual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners. Examples 150-170
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per fimshed article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning component is bead coated from a hot reservoir pumped through an extrusion jetting head onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 3 grams of skin conditioning component per fimshed article (about 140 gsm addon per side) in dots each containing about 0.2g of conditioner and located in the sealing points. It is then passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces.
• the coating reservoir is continuously mixed to maintain stability of the emulsion.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners.
• a first substrate and a second substrate are cut to about 12 inch by 9 inch rectangles.
• the first substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the second substrate is a batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the substrates are sealed together in a windowpane design with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 300°F and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width. After cooling the article is trimmed to about 11 inches by 8.5 inches. 10 grams of the skin cleansing and conditioning component of either Example A or B is dried down to a paste and applied to the surfaces of the article using a pipette, half to each side, in dots each containing 0.2g of composition.
• Example 172 10 grams of the skin cleansing and conditioning component of either Example A or B is dried down to a paste and applied to the surfaces of the article using a pipette, half to each side
• a first substrate and a second substrate are cut to about 12 inch by 9 inch rectangles.
• the first substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the second substrate is a batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the substrates are sealed together in a windowpane design with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 300°F and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• Example C or D skin cleansing and conditioning component of either Example C or D is dot coated onto the articles, 4 grams per side using an X-Y table, which is a programmable controlled metering system comprising a heated reservoir maintained at about 70°C, a pump, an on-off valve, a multi- pipette head and a motorized X-Y coordinate control system for the coating head.
• the dots contain about 0.4g of composition and are about 8mm in diameter. The composition cools quickly on the surface of the articles. The articles are packaged until ready for use. Examples 173-175
• liquid cleansing components which include the following components:
• the cleansing components are applied to one side of a first substrate by brashing onto one side of the substrate until 10 grams of composition have been added to a 11 inch by 8.5 inch section.
• the substrate is a lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 gsm.
• the first substrate is dried.
• a second substrate is laminated to the untreated side of the first substrate using an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web at 2 cm intervals.
• the second substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the skin conditioning component of Example 20 is dot coated using an extrusion jetting head fed by a reservoir of heated composition (60-70°C) on the outer surface of the second substrate at a rate of about 3 grams of composition per article.
• the dots each contain about 0. lg of compostion and are about 5mm in diameter.
• the article is allowed to cool, and packaged until ready for use.
• the article confers sustained antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activity against both gram negative and gram positive microorganisms, lathers well, and is relatively mild to the skin.
• the surfactant composition of Example 11 is spread evenly by hand across a lofty batting.
• the batting is a 4 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to a size of 130 mm by 175 mm, comprising polyester fibers of about 30 microns average diameter and is adhesive bonded, available for example as Mountain Mist Extra Heavy Batting #205 from Stearns Textiles, Cincinnati, OH.
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company,
• Saddle River, NJ is placed over the surfactant coated side of the batting.
• the layers are sealed together using interlocking sealing plates using an unheated plate having inverted thimble-shaped reservoirs spaced evenly in a hexagonal grid pattern.
• the thimble shaped reservoirs are about 1.2 cm diameter at the base and are spaced about 1.5 cm apart, center-to-center.
• the land area between the dimples on the unheated plate is convex upwards by several mm, forming an interconnected ridge.
• the heated plate has an external trough which fits precisely onto the ridge of the unheated plate.
• the heated plate contacts the cellulose/polyester substrate and a heat seal is effected using a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the resulting unfinished article has topographical features on both sides, assisting lather generation and also making it easy to grip and slide across the skin surface during use.
• the article is cut into a rectangle about 120 mm by 160 mm.
• a skin conditioning inverse emulsion paste is prepared for use with the article, as follows:
• the lipid soluble ingredients are heated to 70C while stirring. Glycerin is slowly added with vigorous stirring. The composition is homogenized. Three grams of the skin conditioning inverse emulsion paste is pipetted hot into some of the depressed zones on the cellulose/polyester side of the article at about 0.2 g per dot. The composition quickly cools to a semi-solid paste. The article is packaged until ready for use. Examples 177-181
• the conditioning component is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four strips, each 5 mm wide, separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 3 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning component.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter searing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article. Examples 182-186
• the conditioning component is applied to one side of a first substrate by extracting it through an extrusion jetting head to form dots each containing about 0.05g of composition and of about 3mm diameter.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 1.1 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning component.
• the batting comprises a blend of 10% 15 denier PET fibers, 50% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 40% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 80 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article.
• the article is convenient for application to smaller areas of skin, for example the face, elbows, neck and/or feet. Examples 187-191
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 0.52 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 10%> 15 denier PET fibers, 50% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 40% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 80 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning component is dot coated from a hot reservoir pumped through an extrusion jetting head onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 1.25 grams of skin conditioning component per finished article.
• the composition is distributed in dots each containing about 0.07g of composition and having a diameter of about 4mm and located in some of the sealing points.
• the article is passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners.
• a skin cleansing article is prepared.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30%> PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30%> 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35 > 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded corners.
• a skin conditioning article is prepared.
• the conditioning component of Example 39 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four strips, each 5 mm wide, separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 3 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning component.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article.
• a skin cleansing article is prepared.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35%> 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35 > 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded corners.
• a skin conditioning article is prepared.
• a substrate is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having softer, finer denier fibers on one side and coarser fibers on the second side.
• the substrate is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 10 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 20 gsm.
• a web of polypropylene scrim having a diameter about 100 microns, laced at about 0.8 cm intervals is fed over the fibrous webs continuously as a third web.
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 20 gsm each on top of the web.
• the webs are hydroentangled and to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free and about 20% shrinkage due to relaxation of the scrim has occurred.
• a low T g (about 5°C) waterborne acrylic adhesive copolymer is added to the coarse fiber side of the web by kiss roll application at a rate of about 7 gsm wet add-on rate, and dried.
• the skin conditioning component of Example 26 is added to the web by slot coating the composition in a stripe 5mm by 90mm on both sides of the web at a rate of about 25 gsm on each side.
• the substrate web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 100 mm rectangles with rounded corners using a hot cutting roll causing the scrim fibers to shrink back slightly from the edge of the article as they are cut.
• a first side is prepared.
• a first layer of the first side is prepared which is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting has an air permeability of about 1270 cfm ft 2 and a foam permeability critical pressure of about 2.7 cm H 2 0.
• the batting is believed to be heat- bonded, utilizing no adhesive.
• the batting is cut into a 10 inch square.
• a second layer of the first side is prepared which is a 10 inch square sheet of microapertured 100 mesh formed film prepared by forming hydroapertures at high pressure on a drum comprising a 100 mesh forming screen (e.g., as disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 4,629,643).
• the sheet is laid on the first layer with the male apertured side facing up.
• Twenty-five grams of the skin cleansing component of Example 1 is placed on the center of the first side.
• the composition is slightly flattened, shaped to be about l A inch thick and several inches in diameter.
• a layer of an impermeable polyethylene film is placed across the composition, measuring the same 10 inch square dimension as the first layer.
• Example 88 Twenty- five grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 88 is shaped the same as the cleansing component, and placed on top of the film in the same x-y position as the surfactant.
• a layer of a microapertured and macroapertured formed film which (also disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 4,629,643) is placed with the male side of the macroapertures facing towards the composition and the male side of the microapertures facing up. The layer is also cut to a 10 inch square. .
• a last layer is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having soft, fine denier fibers.
• the layer is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 3 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 17 gsm.
• Such a web is available from Conwed Plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 17 gsm each on top of the web. The webs are hydroentangled to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free.
• the web is creped due to web tension during the hydroentangling and drying process and subsequent relaxation after processing.
• a piece of the layer is cut to a size of about 10 inches by 10 inches and placed over the top of the other layers.
• the layers are sealed together with a pressure-platen type heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• a recessed (unheated) bottom plate is used which is shaped to contain the composition, and a recessed (heated) top plate which matches the bottom plate around the circular sealing rim is used to effect a heat seal.
• Typical sealing conditions are 300°C for about 3.5 seconds dwell time with a supply pressure of about 30 psig to the machine, but will vary according to the sealing apparatus used.
• the article is trimmed and packaged until ready for use. Examples 195-198
• a substrate is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having softer, finer denier fibers on one side and coarser fibers on the second side.
• the substrate is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 10 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 20 gsm.
• a web of polypropylene scrim having a diameter about 100 microns, laced at about 0.8 cm intervals is fed over the fibrous webs continuously as a third web.
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 20 gsm each on top of the web.
• the webs are hydroentangled and to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free and about 20% shrinkage due to relaxation of the scrim has occurred.
• An intermediate T g (about 15°C) waterborne acrylic copolymer is added to the coarse fiber side of the web by kiss roll application at a rate of about 5 gsm wet add-on rate, and dried.
• Surfactant is continuously added to the web by slot coating the composition evenly across the web coarse fiber side at a rate of about 80 gsm.
• the skin conditioning component of Example 19 is added to the web by dot coating the composition across the web soft fiber side at a rate of about 3g per finished article.
• the dots each contain about O.lg of composition and are about 5mm in diameter, the dots of composition are located together in a patch such that they are in the center of the finished article.
• the substrate web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded corners using a hot cutting roll causing the scrim fibers to shrink back slightly from the edge of the article as they are cut. Examples 199-203
• a substrate is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having softer, finer denier fibers on one side and coarser fibers on the second side.
• the substrate is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 10 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 20 gsm.
• PET denier polyester
• Such a web is available from Conwed Plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 20 gsm each on top of the web.
• the webs are hydroentangled and to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free.
• An intermediate T g (about 15°C) waterborne acrylic copolymer is added to the coarse fiber side of the web by kiss roll application at a rate of about 5 gsm wet add-on rate, and dried.
• An articles is prepared by cutting from web a 10 in. by 8 in. rectangle and brushing on about 12 gm. of liquid surfactant composition, and drying in a convection oven.
• Example 19 The skin conditioning component of Example 19 is added to the web by dot coating the composition across the web soft fiber side at a rate of about 3g per finished article.
• the dots each contain about O.lg of composition and are about 5mm in diameter.
• the articles are packaged until ready for use.
• Example 204
• a first substrate is prepared.
• the first substrate is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the batting is embossed with a shaped, heated embossing roll leaving an imprinted land area surr ⁇ unding raised, button-like repeating units which are shaped like light bulbs and which forms a material representative of a loop portion of a hook-and-loop type fastening system.
• Such a material is available from PGI Nonwovens, Benson, NC.
• Example 11 4.4 grams of the skin cleansing component of Example 11 is applied evenly to the back (flat side) of a 10 inch by 8.5 inch rectangle of the first substrate.
• a second substrate which is a lofty, high wet strength, adhesive bonded cellulose paper towel with a basis weight of about 53 gsm is cut to a size of about 10 inches by 8.5 inches.
• a useful towel is available from The Procter & Gamble Company and marketed as Bounty Rinse & Reuse ®, which retains its Z-direction height when wet, and which has a thickness of about 0.047 inches at 5 gsi by being wet-formed on a shaped belt.
• Example 205 The substrates are heat bonded at the edge and 4 dots in the article center (5 mm diameter, spaced evenly from each other and the nearest edge) using a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the article is trimmed, and 3 grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19 is applied hot by pipetting it into the four sealing points in the centre of each side of the article and allowing it to cool. The article is packaged until ready for use.
• Example 205 The substrates are heat bonded at the edge and 4 dots in the article center (5 mm diameter, spaced evenly from each other and the nearest edge) using a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the article is trimmed, and 3 grams of the skin conditioning component of Example 19 is applied
• a substrate is prepared on an airlaying process.
• a thin first web of 20 gsm continuous polypropylene filamented fiber is fed to a continuous forming screen.
• Cellulose (Kraft fiber) comprising a second web is airlaid onto the first web at a rate of 100 gsm.
• the surfactant composition of Example 4 is co-metered with the cellulose fibers at a rate of about 80 gsm.
• a third web which is the same as the first web is fed onto the airlaid cellulose.
• a substrate is prepared by heat bonding the edges and dot sealing about 51, 3 mm points of a 10 inch by 8.5 inch rectangular section of the composite web.
• Example 206 The skin conditioning component of Example 93 is melted and dot coated using an extrusion jetting head to form dots containing about O.lg of composition onto both sides of the article at a rate of 3 grams of composition per article, or 1.5 grams per side, followed by rapid cooling. The article is packaged until ready for use.
• Example 206
• Example 207 The article of Example 205 is prepared with the exception that a biodegradable polylactic acid polymer is substituted for the polypropylene to make a biodegradable article.
• Example 207
• a representative cleansing and conditioning article is prepared inthe following manner.
• a layer of a lofty, high wet strength, adhesive bonded cellulose paper towel with a basis weight of about 53 gsm is cut to a size of about 10 inches by 9 inches with folds in each direction.
• a useful towel is available from The Procter & Gamble Company and marketed as Bounty Rinse & Reuse ®, which retains its Z-direction height when wet, and which has a thickness of about 0.047 inches at 5 gsi by being wet-formed on a shaped belt.
• the cellulose layer is dipped in the surfactant composition of Example 8 until it absorbs six grams of the composition, and the composition is dried.
• the skin conditioning component of any one of the Examples 58-77 is melted and dot coated using an extrasion jetting head to form dots containing about O.lg of composition onto both sides of the article at a rate of 3 grams of composition per article, or 1.5 grams per side, followed by rapid cooling.
• the article is packaged until ready for use.
• the article advantageously provides an easy-to-hold cleaning implement which is gentle to skin and provides tear-free cleaning for a child's entire body, hair and face, is easy to dispose of, and biodegradable. Examples 208-209
• the low water activity cleansing component of Example 2 is three-roll milled with ahiminosilicate (available as Advera 401 N from The PQ Corporation, Valley Forge, PA, which generates heat due to an exothermic reaction upon exposure to water) in a ratio of 1 : 1.
• ahiminosilicate available as Advera 401 N from The PQ Corporation, Valley Forge, PA, which generates heat due to an exothermic reaction upon exposure to water
• Ten grams the cleansing component is applied to one side of a layer of batting.
• the batting is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35%> 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core- sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a second nonwoven layer is prepared which is hydroapertured, comprising polyester fibers of about 10 microns diameter and containing within it an interlaced scrim having a fiber diameters about 100 microns running across the width of the nonwoven and about 250 microns orthogonal to the width, laced (bonded) at about 1 cm intervals.
• Such a scrim is available from Conwed plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• the second nonwoven has a basis weight of about 70 gsm, and is slightly creped due to web tension during manufacture of the nonwoven, and subsequent relaxation of the tension.
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds and also a 2 mm wide seal around the perimeter with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 3 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed, and 4 grams of skin conditioning component is applied to the lofty batting side of the article using an extrasion jetting head to apply the composition at 60°C in dots in some of the sealing points.
• the composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• Example 210
• Liquid surfactant composition is applied to one side of a first substrate by coating with a brush until 2 grams of solid surfactant has been applied, in a windowpane design avoiding the edges and the sealing loci.
• the substrate is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30%> 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• the composition is dried.
• a second substrate which is a high wet strength, adhesive bonded cellulose paper towel with good loft and a basis weight of about 53 gsm is placed over the surfactant exposed side of the batting.
• a useful towel is available from The Procter & Gamble Company and marketed as Bounty Rinse & Reuse ®, which retains its Z- direction height when wet, and which has a thickness of about 0.047 inches at 5 gsi.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure- platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to form an adequate seal.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y- direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• the article is trimmed, and 1.5 grams of skin conditioning component is applied to the lofty batting side of the article by an extrusion jetting head to form dots of coating, the jetting head is supplied with composition at 60°C. If necessary, the composition dots are quickly dried on the article surface such that they do not expand substantially in size. Otherwise, the composition dots are allowed to cool.
• the article is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• the surfactant composition of Example 11 is spread evenly by hand across a lofty batting.
• the batting is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting comprising a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm).
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed under over the surfactant coated side of the batting.
• the layers are sealed together using interlocking sealing plates using an unheated plate having inverted thimble-shaped reservoirs spaced evenly in a hexagonal grid pattern.
• the thimble shaped reservoirs are about 1.2 cm diameter at the base and are spaced about 2 cm apart, center-to-center.
• the land area between the dimples on the unheated plate is concave inwards by several mm, forming an interconnected trough.
• the heated plate has an external ridge which fit precisely into the trough on the land area of the unheated plate.
• the heated plate contacts the cellulose/polyester substrate and a heat seal is effected using pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Sencorp, Hyannis, MA.
• the resiilting unfinished article has pronounced thimble shapes rising up on the batting side, and shorter dimples or 'buttons' rising up on the cellulose/polyester substrate side of the article, making both sides easy to grip.
• the article is cut into a rectangle about 120 mm by 160 mm.
• Three grams of skin conditioning component per article is pipetted into the trough area while the composition is hot, and allowed to cool and solidify. The article is packaged until ready for use.
• a representative personal care kit comprising a skin cleansing and conditioning article is prepared by packaging the article of Example 176 with a drying article which comprises at least one substrate layer.
• a representative personal care kit comprising a skin cleansing and conditioning article is prepared by packaging the article of Example 172 with an drying article which comprises at least one substrate layer and a anti-cellulite composition which is impregnated into said substrate layer.

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• 2001
  • 2001-01-25 CZ CZ20022328A patent/CZ20022328A3/cs unknown
  • 2001-01-25 EP EP01906678A patent/EP1250123A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-01-25 JP JP2001555640A patent/JP2003521490A/ja active Pending
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  • 2001-01-25 CA CA002396627A patent/CA2396627A1/en not_active Abandoned
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