EP1247978B1 - Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1247978B1
EP1247978B1 EP02007620A EP02007620A EP1247978B1 EP 1247978 B1 EP1247978 B1 EP 1247978B1 EP 02007620 A EP02007620 A EP 02007620A EP 02007620 A EP02007620 A EP 02007620A EP 1247978 B1 EP1247978 B1 EP 1247978B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
piston
fuel
injection system
fuel injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02007620A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1247978A2 (fr
EP1247978A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Dr. Willmann
Albert Kloos
Gerd Huber
Paul Neumeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Publication of EP1247978A2 publication Critical patent/EP1247978A2/fr
Publication of EP1247978A3 publication Critical patent/EP1247978A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1247978B1 publication Critical patent/EP1247978B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0005—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0028—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic
    • F02M63/0029—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic using a pilot valve controlling a hydraulic chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • fuel injection systems which contain one, usually of several, fuel injectors supplied with fuel under high pressure via a high-pressure fuel line for injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during an injection process.
  • a pressure control valve upstream of the fuel injector in the high-pressure fuel line can be provided for controlling the pressure of the fuel injected into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during the injection process.
  • the pressure control valve comprises a freely displaceable piston with a slide connected in the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line to enlarge and reduce the passage cross section of the flow path depending on the position of the piston.
  • the position of the piston is determined by the pressures prevailing in a first and second pressure chamber.
  • a control valve that controls an outflow channel and that can be designed with a piezo actuator serves to set the pressures in the first pressure chamber.
  • Another fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine is known from DE 197 34 354 A1, which has a pressure control valve for time-dependent modulation of the fuel quantity injected during the injection process.
  • an adjusting device for controlling this modulation valve is provided, which contains a piston which is acted upon by fuel on both sides. This controls a valve needle body of the modulation valve on the basis of a resulting difference in force between the pressure forces acting on both sides of the piston. It is double-acting on the front
  • a first pressure chamber acted upon by fuel under high pressure in the opening direction of the modulation valve and a second pressure chamber acted upon by fuel in the closing direction are provided on the rear of the piston acting on both sides.
  • the second pressure chamber is relieved of pressure during the displacement of the piston acting on both sides in the sense of opening the modulation valve via an outlet channel provided with a throttle point.
  • a memory injection device of a similar type in which the fuel injector is used to implement a second pressure level a switching valve is provided under high pressure fuel supplying fuel high pressure line. When the switching valve is closed, the fuel injector is supplied with a residual pressure which is maintained via a pressure-maintaining valve provided in the high-pressure fuel line between the switching valve and the fuel injector.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved fuel injection system in which there is the possibility of shaping the injection pressure curve.
  • the invention provides a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
  • the fuel injection system contains a fuel injector, which is supplied with fuel held under high pressure via a high-pressure fuel line, for injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during an injection process.
  • a pressure control valve is provided in the high-pressure fuel line upstream of the fuel injector for controlling the pressure of the fuel injected during the injection process.
  • the pressure control valve contains a freely displaceable piston acting on both sides and a slide connected in the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line for opening and closing the passage cross section of the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line depending on the position of the piston.
  • a first pressure chamber acting on the piston in the opening direction of the slide is formed on the front of the piston and a second pressure chamber acting on the piston in the closing direction of the slide is formed on the rear of the piston.
  • a control valve is used to set the pressures in the first and / or second pressure chamber in the sense of a displacement of the piston in the opening or closing direction.
  • the slide is formed in one piece with the piston, the first and second pressure chambers being provided at the ends of the piston and the slide being provided in a central region of the piston.
  • the first pressure chamber provided on the front of the piston is connected to the upstream side of the high-pressure fuel line via a first flow connection
  • the second pressure chamber provided on the rear of the piston is connected to the downstream side of the via a second flow connection High pressure fuel line in connection.
  • the control valve is preferably provided for setting the pressure of the first pressure chamber.
  • control valve is provided in a relief line connected to the first pressure chamber.
  • control valve comprises a proportional actuation device.
  • Such a proportional actuation device is particularly advantageously formed by a piezo actuator.
  • An inlet throttle is preferably provided in the first flow connection connecting the first pressure chamber with the upstream side of the high-pressure fuel line. It is also advantageous if a damping throttle is provided in the second flow connection which is connected to the downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line.
  • this is the second pressure space provided on the rear of the piston with the downstream side the second high-pressure line connecting the fuel flow connection is designed as a flow channel running in the piston.
  • the second flow connection connecting the second pressure chamber provided on the rear side of the piston to the downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line can be designed as an external channel.
  • the flow channel forming the second flow connection extends in the longitudinal direction of the piston from the second pressure chamber to the cross connection forming the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line.
  • the figure shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the fuel injection system according to the invention.
  • the reference numeral 1 denotes a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, during an injection process. Fuel held at high pressure is supplied to the fuel injector 1 via a high-pressure fuel line 13.
  • the high-pressure fuel line 13 is connected to a high-pressure accumulator, not specifically shown in the figure, which is in the manner of an oil-elastic high-pressure accumulator works and in which the fuel is conveyed from a fuel supply by means of a high-pressure pump (also not shown) (common rail system).
  • the fuel injector 1 can be constructed in a conventional manner, comprising an injection nozzle 28, which is opened when a control chamber 41 provided in the fuel injector 1 is relieved. Fuel under high pressure is supplied to the control chamber 41 from the high-pressure fuel line 13 via a control pressure line 42, in which an inlet throttle 4 is provided. Also connected to the control chamber 41 is a relief line 44, into which a return throttle 10 is connected and which can be relieved of pressure by means of a control valve 5 to a leakage line 48, a control quantity R being generated.
  • the control valve 5 can be controlled via an actuating device 8, for example by means of a piezo actuator.
  • a pressure control valve 26 is provided upstream of the fuel injector 1 in the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line 13.
  • This contains a freely displaceable piston 30 acting on both sides and, integrally formed with it, a slide 32 for opening and closing the passage cross-section of the flow path of the high-pressure line 13 depending on the position of the piston 30.
  • a first pressure chamber 36 acting on the slide 32 is provided, and a second pressure chamber 38 acting on the piston 30 in the closing direction of the slide 32 is formed on the rear of the piston 30.
  • the first pressure chamber 36 provided on the front of the piston 30 is connected to the upstream side of the high-pressure fuel line 13 via a first flow connection 20.
  • the second pressure chamber provided on the rear of the piston 30 is connected to the second via a flow connection downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line 13, which supplies the fuel to the fuel injector 1.
  • a control valve 14, 16 which is generally used to adjust the pressure conditions in the two pressure chambers 36, 38 in the sense of a displacement of the piston 30 in the opening or closing direction, is in the embodiment shown in the figure for adjusting the pressure of the first pressure chamber 36 in one the relief line 40 connected to the first pressure chamber 36 is provided.
  • the first pressure chamber 36 can be relieved of pressure via the relief line 40 to a leakage line 46 by means of a valve body 14 of the control valve 14, 16, a control quantity R being generated.
  • the control valve also contains a proportional actuation device 16, which allows a proportional opening and closing of the valve body 14 of the control valve 14, 16 over a predetermined adjustment range.
  • the proportional actuation device 16 is formed in particular by a piezo actuator.
  • an inlet throttle 18 is provided, via which the first pressure chamber 36 is filled by the high-pressure fuel line 13 with a predetermined amount of fuel per unit of time.
  • the pressure in the first pressure chamber 36 which acts on the piston 30 in the opening direction of the slide 32, results from the ratio of the fuel quantity flowing through the first flow connection 20 to the first pressure chamber 36 and the fuel quantity flowing off via the relief line 40 and the control valve 14, 16.
  • a damping throttle 27 is provided, which dampens or from the second pressure chamber 38 to the downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line 13 when the piston 30 is displaced outflowing fuel quantity causes.
  • the second flow connection connecting the second pressure chamber 38 provided on the rear side of the piston 30 to the downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line 13 is provided as a flow channel 22 which is centrally located in the piston 30 the longitudinal direction of which is formed and leads from the second pressure chamber 38 to the cross connection forming the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line 13.
  • this second flow connection is designed as an external channel 24 which leads outside the piston 30 from the second pressure chamber 38 to the downstream side of the high-pressure fuel line 13.
  • the fuel present at the high-pressure fuel line 13 under high pressure is fed as working fluid to the first pressure chamber 36 via the inlet throttle 18 provided in the first flow connection 20.
  • the valve body of the control valve 14, 16 (2/2 valve), which is controlled by the piezo actuator 16, any pressure can be set in the first pressure chamber 36.
  • This pressure represents the reference variable for the proportional pressure control valve 26.
  • the slide 32 connected in the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line 13 assumes a position which is defined from the pressure balance in the first and second pressure chambers 36, 38 on the piston 30 acting on both sides. This results in a displacement of the piston 30 and thus of the slide 32 formed in one piece with it until a pressure equilibrium is established between the first pressure chamber 36 and the second pressure chamber 38.
  • the slide 32 opens the flow path of the high-pressure fuel line 13 and thus again ensures pressure compensation at a higher level.
  • the pressure on the downstream side of the pressure control valve 36 which is decisive for the injection process, is thus also the controlled variable for the proportional valve 26 It is possible, by changing the control of the pressure control valve 26 via the piezo actuator 16, to display almost any injection curves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne, en particulier, un moteur Diesel, avec un injecteur de carburant (1) alimenté en carburant accumulé sous haute pression via une conduite de carburant haute pression (13) servant à l'injection du carburant dans la chambre de combustion du moteur à combustion interne au cours d'un processus d'injection et avec une valve pilote de pression (26) placée dans la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) avant l'injecteur de carburant (1) servant à commander la pression du carburant injecté au cours du processus d'injection, où la valve pilote de pression (26) comprend un piston (30) à double effet et coulissant librement et un tiroir (32) placé dans le trajet d'écoulement de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) servant à agrandir (ouverture) et à diminuer (fermeture) la section de passage du trajet d'écoulement de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) en fonction de la position du piston (30), où on a réalisé, sur la face avant du piston (30), une première chambre de pression (36) actionnant le piston (30) dans le sens de l'ouverture du tiroir (32) et, sur la face arrière du piston (30), une deuxième chambre de pression (38) actionnant le piston (30) dans le sens de fermeture du tiroir (32) et où une valve de commande (14, 16) servant au réglage des pressions dans la première et/ou la deuxième chambre de pression (36, 38) est prévue afin de coulisser le piston (30) dans le sens de l'ouverture ou de la fermeture, caractérisé en ce que le tiroir (32) est réalisé en une seule pièce avec le piston (30), la première et la deuxième chambre de pression (36, 38) étant prévues aux extrémités du piston (30) et le tiroir (32) étant prévu dans la zone centrale du piston (30).
  2. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première chambre de pression (36) prévue sur la face avant du piston (30) est en communication, via une première liaison d'écoulement (20), avec le côté amont de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) et en ce que la deuxième chambre de pression (38) prévue sur la face arrière du piston (30) est en communication, via une deuxième liaison d'écoulement (22, 24), avec le côté aval de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13).
  3. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la valve de commande (14, 16) est prévue pour régler la pression de la première chambre de pression (36).
  4. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la valve de commande (14, 16) est prévue dans une conduite de décharge (40) raccordée à la première chambre de pression (36).
  5. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la valve de commande (14, 16) comprend un dispositif d'actionnement proportionnel (16).
  6. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'actionnement proportionnel (16) est un actionneur piézo-électrique.
  7. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un étrangleur à l'admission (18) est prévu dans la première liaison d'écoulement (20) reliant la première chambre de pression (36) avec le côté amont de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13).
  8. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un étrangleur d'amortissement (27) est prévue dans la deuxième liaison d'écoulement (22, 24) se trouvant en communication avec le côté aval de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13).
  9. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième liaison d'écoulement reliant la deuxième chambre de pression (38), prévue sur la face arrière du piston (30), au côté aval de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) est réalisée en tant que canal d'écoulement (22) s'étendant dans le piston (30).
  10. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième liaison d'écoulement reliant la deuxième chambre de pression (38), prévue sur la face arrière du piston (30), au côté aval de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) est réalisée en tant que canal extérieur (24).
  11. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le trajet d'écoulement de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13) forme une liaison transversale à travers la zone centrale du piston (30).
  12. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 9 en corrélation avec la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'écoulement formant la deuxième liaison d'écoulement (22) s'étend dans le sens longitudinal du piston (30) depuis la deuxième chambre de pression (38) jusqu'à la liaison transversale constituant le trajet d'écoulement de la conduite de carburant haute pression (13).
EP02007620A 2001-04-06 2002-04-04 Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP1247978B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10117401 2001-04-06
DE10117401A DE10117401C2 (de) 2001-04-06 2001-04-06 Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247978A2 EP1247978A2 (fr) 2002-10-09
EP1247978A3 EP1247978A3 (fr) 2004-01-14
EP1247978B1 true EP1247978B1 (fr) 2004-12-29

Family

ID=7680774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02007620A Expired - Lifetime EP1247978B1 (fr) 2001-04-06 2002-04-04 Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6729302B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1247978B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE286207T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10117401C2 (fr)

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DE102006003484A1 (de) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff
DE102005058556B4 (de) * 2005-12-08 2017-04-06 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Injektor eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems
US8191534B2 (en) * 2008-02-28 2012-06-05 General Electric Company High viscosity fuel injection pressure reduction system and method
EP2410168A1 (fr) * 2010-07-23 2012-01-25 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Distributeur de fluide et procédé de préparation d'un fluide de travail à l'aide d'un distributeur de fluide
DE102013204093B4 (de) * 2013-03-11 2021-03-18 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Verfahren zur Entlüftung einer Kraftstoffversorgungsleitung und Brennkraftmaschine
JP6739848B2 (ja) * 2016-12-02 2020-08-12 学校法人明治大学 燃料噴射装置

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EP1157205B1 (fr) * 1999-03-01 2002-09-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Systeme et procede de regulation d'une soupape de commande de systeme d'injection pour moteur diesel
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020179063A1 (en) 2002-12-05
ATE286207T1 (de) 2005-01-15
US6729302B2 (en) 2004-05-04
DE50201867D1 (de) 2005-02-03
DE10117401C2 (de) 2003-02-27
DE10117401A1 (de) 2002-10-17
EP1247978A2 (fr) 2002-10-09
EP1247978A3 (fr) 2004-01-14

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