EP1247056A1 - Barrel for a repeating weapon and repeating weapon with a barrel of this type - Google Patents

Barrel for a repeating weapon and repeating weapon with a barrel of this type

Info

Publication number
EP1247056A1
EP1247056A1 EP01911474A EP01911474A EP1247056A1 EP 1247056 A1 EP1247056 A1 EP 1247056A1 EP 01911474 A EP01911474 A EP 01911474A EP 01911474 A EP01911474 A EP 01911474A EP 1247056 A1 EP1247056 A1 EP 1247056A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
cartridge chamber
guide element
cartridges
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01911474A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1247056B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Fluhr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Original Assignee
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heckler und Koch GmbH filed Critical Heckler und Koch GmbH
Publication of EP1247056A1 publication Critical patent/EP1247056A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1247056B1 publication Critical patent/EP1247056B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/54—Cartridge guides, stops or positioners, e.g. for cartridge extraction
    • F41A9/55—Fixed or movable guiding means, mounted on, or near, the cartridge chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-loading weapon according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a weapon is known from the Czechoslovak pistol CZ 1922 in caliber 6.35 mm.
  • the cartridges are transferred individually from a supply, such as a magazine or cartridge belt, to the cartridge chamber.
  • a supply such as a magazine or cartridge belt
  • they are first placed in or from the storage in a transfer position and from there, for example from the breech, pushed into the cartridge chamber.
  • the section of the weapon barrel containing the cartridge chamber can be designed as an integral part of the barrel or, as known from revolver weapons, as a separate component.
  • the number of transfer positions is mostly dependent on the type of storage. For example, there is Zigzag magazines with two transfer positions next to each other.
  • the transfer position (s) are usually not immediately behind the weapon barrel or the cartridge chamber. Instead, they are often arranged below the cartridge chamber or laterally offset (such lateral displacements are absolutely necessary if several transfer positions lying next to each other are provided).
  • a cartridge must travel a design-related intermediate distance between a transfer position and the cartridge chamber.
  • the position of the cartridge which is too low or laterally offset must be corrected to such an extent that it can be inserted into the cartridge chamber.
  • the cartridge in addition to a movement in the longitudinal direction of the weapon, the cartridge must also make a movement transversely thereto, i.e. be moved in the transverse direction of the weapon and / or pivoted sideways. The latter means that in many cases the cartridge is in an inclined position when it reaches the weapon barrel, more precisely when its tip slides into the chamber. The cartridge is then aligned horizontally by pushing it further into the cartridge chamber.
  • guide elements are provided on the weapon barrel or generally on fixed components of the weapon in known multi-loading weapons, for example so-called “lips” on the magazine.
  • millings on the receptacle of the cartridge chamber are also known, which are intended to facilitate the threading of the cartridges into the cartridge chamber.
  • Such millings have the disadvantage that the cartridge case no longer lies against the inner wall of the cartridge chamber at this point when the cartridge is fully inserted into it. When the cartridge is fired, this can lead to "inflation", ie bulging, of the sleeve if the wall thickness at the relevant point is too small due to a material defect or unsuitable ammunition. is based. The risk of jamming or bursting of the sleeves in the cartridge chamber and the resultant loading inhibitions or danger to the rifle is then significantly greater.
  • the surface of the feed ramp has one or more guide grooves in which the cartridges are guided from their transfer position into the cartridge chamber. They slide, for example, from a lower position (relative to the chamber) in a slightly inclined position so that their tip "dips" exactly into the chamber.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a further possibility of providing a reliable cartridge feed for a multi-loading weapon.
  • the invention solves this problem with the subject matter of claim 1, that is to say with a weapon barrel of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the guide element is arranged essentially where the intended feed movement of the cartridges in the transverse direction of the weapon ends during the loading process.
  • the guide element according to the invention thus limits the transverse movement of the cartridges on their way from the transfer position into the chamber.
  • it In relation to the central axis of the cartridge chamber, it is arranged essentially on the side opposite the transfer position.
  • the guide element according to the invention thus has a different function than the feed ramp known from the prior art.
  • the latter creates a physical transition for the cartridges from the transfer position to the cartridge chamber.
  • the guide element according to the invention counteracts a transverse movement of the cartridges that goes beyond the intended dimension, for example a setting up of the cartridges (so-called spit). Excessive transverse movements can lead to twisting and thus jamming of the cartridges during the loading process and can occur, in particular, with multi-load weapons that have only simple transitions, such as the magazine lips or cutouts mentioned at the beginning.
  • the weapon barrel according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageously used in multi-loading weapons in which - for cost or manufacturing reasons, for example - precise transitions have to be dispensed with.
  • the susceptibility to failure of such weapons during the loading process can then be significantly reduced with the aid of the invention.
  • the weapon barrel according to the invention “is also suitable, however, for increasing the robustness of the multi-armed weapon even further in the case of precisely designed transitions (for example in the manner of the solution mentioned by the applicant).
  • the invention can in principle also be used advantageously for weapons in which the transfer position is located directly behind the weapon barrel or cartridge chamber. A transverse movement of the cartridges is not provided for in such weapons and is consequently also not desired. Such undesirable transverse movements of the cartridges can then be prevented by the guide element according to the invention.
  • the present invention deviates from the traditional design of known gun barrels. So far, efforts have been made to To be kept as free as possible before taking up the cartridge chamber in order to ensure the most trouble-free sleeve ejection.
  • the guide element arranged according to the invention it would have been expected that an increased number of loading inhibitions due to jamming during sleeve ejection would have to be accepted.
  • initial practical tests have shown that this is not the case, but that the advantages of the invention come into play without negative side effects.
  • the weapon barrel according to the invention can in principle be used with any type of multi-load weapon in a conventional design. In individual cases, however, it may be advantageous or necessary to constructively adapt individual components of the multi-load weapon to the new weapon barrel. Therefore, in addition to the weapon barrel, the invention is also directed to a multi-loading weapon, in particular a self-loading weapon, with such a weapon barrel.
  • the guide element according to the invention can be designed as a separate component and attached to the weapon barrel via a fixed or detachable connection.
  • the guide element preferably represents an integral part of the weapon barrel (according to claim 2), that is to say it is produced with it from a block of material.
  • the transfer position (s) of the cartridges are located below the cartridge chamber. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the guide element is arranged above the cartridge chamber (according to claim 3). Likewise, in the case of multi-loading weapons in which the transfer position (s) is arranged above the cartridge chamber, it is expedient to arrange the guide element below the cartridge chamber.
  • the guide element can also be arranged so that its relative position, as seen in the circumferential direction of the cartridge chamber, is offset from a pull-out element attached to the breech (according to claim 4). In this way it is ensured that the function of the pull-out element, for example a pull-out claw, is not impaired by the guide element. At the same time, the guide element is therefore usually not in the ejection direction of the sleeves.
  • the guide element can also be designed in several parts.
  • a plurality of guide elements can also be provided, which are then preferably distributed over the circumference of the tube.
  • the weapon barrel according to the invention is in principle suitable for advantageously supporting any type of cartridge feed of known multi-loading weapons.
  • a feed element is additionally provided which extends in the direction of the rear weapon part, is arranged essentially opposite the guide element with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber, and is intended to cooperate with the guide element when guiding the cartridges (according to claim 5).
  • the feed element is preferably designed as an integral part of the weapon barrel.
  • the feed element is preferably further designed such that further means for guiding the cartridges on the intermediate section in question are no longer required in the case of the multi-loading weapon in question.
  • the cartridge feed is then accomplished solely by the interaction of the feed element with the guide element according to the invention.
  • the guide element and / or optionally (if present) the feed element are designed in such a way that his / her inner surface (s) at least with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber sections run obliquely in such a way that the distance of the inner surface (s) to the central axis decreases towards the front (according to claim 6). It is advantageous if the inner surface (s) flow smoothly into the inner wall of the cartridge chamber. If a feed element is present, the inner surfaces of the two elements preferably converge in a wedge shape. '
  • the guide element and / or, if appropriate, the feed element in such a way that its / its inner surface (s) has (have) a cross-section (s) at least in sections in the form of a segment of a circle, ie is / are curved.
  • the curvature of the circular segment (s) preferably corresponds to the radius of the cartridge bearing (according to claim 7).
  • the inner surfaces of the guide element and the feed element can also converge in a conical shape, that is to say they can each be designed as a segment of a common funnel.
  • the cone shape can then advantageously be worked on during the turning operation on the weapon barrel.
  • the guide element according to the invention and the associated feed element are primarily intended to ensure a cartridge feed that is as trouble-free as possible.
  • the guide element in particular in interaction with the feed element, is also suitable for closing the breech (or possibly breech head) when closing the cartridge chamber in relation to it to center. Therefore, the applicant additionally reserves independent protection for a weapon barrel according to claim 1, which fulfills the said centering function and preferably also has one or more features of claims 2 to 7.
  • the design of the closure must then be adapted so that the feed element can fulfill the centering function.
  • the weapon barrel also apply in full to the multi-loading weapon according to the invention, namely a multi-loading weapon, in particular a self-loading weapon, with a weapon barrel, in which the cartridges are fed to the weapon barrel during the loading process and move in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the weapon, and in which the weapon barrel has a cartridge chamber for receiving the cartridges and a guide element adjoining the cartridge chamber, the guide element extending in the direction of the rear weapon part and being designed in such a way that it guides the cartridges and is arranged essentially where the intended transverse movement of the cartridges ends during the loading process.
  • Figure 1 is an oblique view of a first embodiment of the gun barrel according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an oblique view of a second exemplary embodiment of the weapon barrel according to the invention
  • 3 shows a (not to scale) partial longitudinal section through a submachine gun with the weapon barrel from FIG. 2 in the installed position and an associated breech;
  • FIG. 4 shows an oblique image (not to scale) of the closure from FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 1 shows a (only partially shown) barrel 3 of a self-loading weapon, not shown, with a cartridge chamber 5 and a (not shown) projectile bore.
  • the cartridge chamber 5 is located in the rear section 1 of the barrel 3 and opens into the projectile bore so that the central axis of the cartridge chamber 5 corresponds to the core axis of the barrel 3.
  • the cartridge chamber 5 is used to hold cartridges (not shown).
  • the barrel 3 also has a guide element 7 which sits on an end face 9 of the barrel 3 and is an integral part of the same.
  • the guide element 7, which is referred to below as the "guide nose”, is arranged above the cartridge chamber 5 and extends (in the longitudinal direction of the weapon) to the rear.
  • the guide lug 7 has an inner surface 7a which is slightly curved in accordance with the radius of the cartridge chamber 5 and merges smoothly into the cartridge chamber 5 in a slight incline.
  • the barrel 3 is equipped with a feed element 11, which is referred to below as the "feed ramp".
  • the feed ramp 11 has an inner surface 11a which is slightly curved in accordance with the radius of the cartridge chamber 5, seen in the longitudinal direction essentially stepped into two differently inclined sections 11a 'and 11a' 'and merges smoothly into the cartridge chamber 5.
  • the barrel 3 has a cutout 13 for a pull-out claw (not shown) of the lock belonging to the barrel 3 (not shown).
  • the radii of curvature of the inner surfaces 7a and 11a correspond to those of the inner diameter of the cartridge chamber 5 in order to create the most harmonious possible transition between the inner surfaces 7a, 11a and the cartridge chamber 5. This ensures trouble-free insertion of the cartridges into the cartridge chamber 5.
  • the two surfaces Due to the inclined configuration of the inner surface 7a and the front section 11a 'of the inner surface 11a (the inclination is approximately 8 degrees with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber 5), the two surfaces continuously approach each other in the longitudinal direction of the weapon. They form a kind of "beak" for better absorption of the cartridges. Due to the curved design of the inner surfaces 7a, 11a, these additionally function as guide grooves in order to keep the cartridges in a straight line in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5.
  • the cartridge feeder works in the present example as follows: after the case has been ejected, a new cartridge is pushed from the transfer position (not shown) in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5 by the reloading movement of the closure.
  • the relative position of the transfer position lies below the cartridge chamber 5, so that the tip of the cartridge runs onto the rear section 11a 1 '(the inner surface 11a).
  • the cartridge is thereby lifted and directed upwards in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5 by the slope of this section 11a ′′.
  • the cartridge tip hits the inner surface 7a (the guide nose 7) and thereby tilts with the tip down into a more horizontal position, in which it comes to rest on the first section 11a 'of the inner surface 11a and then completely into the cartridge chamber 5 is inserted.
  • An advantage of the barrel 3 according to the invention is thus that the interaction of the guide lug 7 with the feed ramp 11 allows the latter to be designed in a relatively simple manner without having to accept increased inhibitions of loading. With the same reliability of the weapon, this reduces the manufacturing effort and thus the manufacturing costs.
  • a guide element according to the invention such as the guide lug 7, is also advantageously used in known barrels or multi-load weapons with precisely designed feed elements, since this increases the robustness of the respective multi-load weapon against inhibitions of loading.
  • the guide lug 7 limits the transverse movement of the cartridges upwards, so that they cannot move upward in the transverse direction of the weapon as intended.
  • the guide nose 7 "catches" cartridges that threaten to miss the cartridge chamber 5 and directs them when they strike the inner surface 7a Direction of the cartridge chamber 5.
  • a cartridge feed is created which directs the cartridges into the intended path and holds them there immediately after they have left their transfer position (s). Therefore, no further feed elements are required apart from the feed ramp 11.
  • the guide lug 7 can generally be made shorter than the feed ramp 11. From the example it can be seen that the guide element according to the invention generally takes up relatively little space as a result and therefore has practically no disruptive effect on other processes, in particular the sleeve ejection.
  • the presence of the guide lug 7 means that milled recesses on the receptacle of the cartridge chamber 5 are not required.
  • the sleeves of the cartridges lying in the cartridge chamber 5 are thereby completely against the inner wall of the cartridge chamber 5. There is therefore no danger that they will be inflated during the firing process (as already described).
  • FIG. 3 shows the barrel 3 'in the installed position in a submachine gun 15 with the closure 17, which closes the cartridge chamber 5 from the rear.
  • the breech 17, shown separately in FIG. 4, is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the weapon stored and can thus perform a reload movement in a known manner when loading or after firing a cartridge.
  • the closure 17 has on its front surface 19, in addition to various other recesses (which are not to be explained in more detail here), a groove 21 which extends continuously from a point above a butt plate 23 to the bottom of the closure 17 extends and serves as a clearance for the guide nose 7 and the feed ramp 11 (see also Fig. 3).
  • the function of the closure 17 is therefore not restricted and, particularly in this area, there is also no need to adapt the design to the newly designed barrel 3 '.
  • the example also shows that the longitudinal dimensions of the weapon generally do not have to be increased for the use of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Packaging For Recording Disks (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Barrels, a breech structured to interact with such barrel(s), and firearms incorporating such barrels and breech are disclosed. The barrels include a cartridge chamber having an internal surface with a curvature. They also include a guide element located adjacent to and extending away from the cartridge chamber. The guide element is located at a point where a transverse movement of a cartridge being loaded ends during a loading process. The guide element has a surface having a circular shape whose curvature corresponds to the curvature of the internal surface of the cartridge chamber.

Description

Waffenrohr für eine Mehrladewaffe sowie Mehrladewaffe mit einem solchen Waffenrohr Gun barrel for a multi-load weapon and multi-load weapon with such a gun barrel
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Selbstladewaffe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a self-loading weapon according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine solche Waffe ist durch die Tschechoslowakische Pistole CZ 1922 in Kaliber 6,35 mm bekannt.Such a weapon is known from the Czechoslovak pistol CZ 1922 in caliber 6.35 mm.
Die folgenden Druckschriften bilden hierbei den Ausgangspunkt :The following publications form the starting point:
DE 195 01 397 AI DE 82 32 810 Ul US 59 83 773.DE 195 01 397 AI DE 82 32 810 Ul US 59 83 773.
Die hier verwendeten Lagebegriffe, wie "vorne", "oben", "links" usw. beziehen sich auf eine bei Abgabe eines horizontalen Schusses ordnungsgemäß positionierte Waffe, wobei die Schußrichtung nach vorne verläuft . Gleiches gilt für Richtungsangaben ("nach vorne", "nach oben", "nach links" usw.).The positional terms used here, such as "front", "top", "left" etc. refer to a weapon correctly positioned when firing a horizontal shot, the direction of the shot being forward. The same applies to directions ("to the front", "to the top", "to the left" etc.).
Im allgemeinen werden bei Mehrladewaffen die Patronen einzeln von einer Bevorratung, etwa einem Magazin oder Patronengurt, in das Patronenlager überführt . Zu diesem Zweck werden sie zunächst in oder von der Bevorratung in eine Übergabeposition gebracht und von dort, beispielsweise vom Verschluß, in das Patronenlager geschoben.In general, in the case of multi-loading weapons, the cartridges are transferred individually from a supply, such as a magazine or cartridge belt, to the cartridge chamber. For this purpose, they are first placed in or from the storage in a transfer position and from there, for example from the breech, pushed into the cartridge chamber.
Der das Patronenlager enthaltene Abschnitt des Waffenrohres kann dabei als integraler Bestandteil des Laufes oder, wie von Revolverwaffen bekannt, als gesondertes Bauteil ausgebil- det sein. Die Anzahl der Übergabepositionen ist meist durch die Bauart der Bevorratung bedingt. So gibt es beispielsweise Zickzack-Magazine mit zwei nebeneinander liegenden Übergabe- Positionen.The section of the weapon barrel containing the cartridge chamber can be designed as an integral part of the barrel or, as known from revolver weapons, as a separate component. The number of transfer positions is mostly dependent on the type of storage. For example, there is Zigzag magazines with two transfer positions next to each other.
Die Übergabeposition (en) befinden sich in der Regel nicht un- mittelbar hinter dem Waffenrohr bzw. dem Patronenlager. Stattdessen sind sie häufig unterhalb des Patronenlagers oder dazu seitlich versetzt angeordnet (solche seitlichen Versetzungen sind zwingend notwendig, wenn mehrere nebeneinander liegende Übergabepositionen vorgesehen sind) . In aller Regel muß daher eine Patrone zwischen einer Übergabeposition und dem Patronenlager eine konstruktionsbedingte Zwischenstrecke zurücklegen. Gleichzeitig muß bei dieser Bewegung, im folgenden Zuführbewegung genannt, die zu niedrige bzw. seitlich versetzte Lage der Patrone soweit korrigiert werden, daß sie sich in das Patronenlager einführen läßt. Dazu muß die Patrone neben einer Bewegung in Längsrichtung der Waffe zusätzlich eine Bewegung quer dazu vollführen, d.h. in Querrichtung der Waffe verschoben und/oder seitlich geschwenkt werden. Letzteres führt dazu, daß sich die Patrone in vielen Fällen in ei- ner Schräglage befindet, wenn sie das Waffenrohr erreicht, genauer, wenn ihre Spitze in das Patronenlager hineingleitet. Die Patrone wird dann durch das weitere Einschieben in das Patronenlager horizontal ausgerichtet.The transfer position (s) are usually not immediately behind the weapon barrel or the cartridge chamber. Instead, they are often arranged below the cartridge chamber or laterally offset (such lateral displacements are absolutely necessary if several transfer positions lying next to each other are provided). As a rule, a cartridge must travel a design-related intermediate distance between a transfer position and the cartridge chamber. At the same time during this movement, hereinafter referred to as the feed movement, the position of the cartridge which is too low or laterally offset must be corrected to such an extent that it can be inserted into the cartridge chamber. For this purpose, in addition to a movement in the longitudinal direction of the weapon, the cartridge must also make a movement transversely thereto, i.e. be moved in the transverse direction of the weapon and / or pivoted sideways. The latter means that in many cases the cartridge is in an inclined position when it reaches the weapon barrel, more precisely when its tip slides into the chamber. The cartridge is then aligned horizontally by pushing it further into the cartridge chamber.
Um die Patronen auf dem jeweiligen Weg zu führen, sind bei bekannten Mehrladewaffen Führungselemente am Waffenrohr oder allgemein an festen Bestandteilen der Waffe vorgesehen, z.B. sog. "Lippen" am Magazin. Daneben sind auch Ausfräsungen an der Aufnahme des Patronenlagers bekannt, welche dazu gedacht sind, das Einfädeln der Patronen in das Patronenlager zu erleichtern. Solche Ausfräsungen haben allerdings den Nachteil, daß die Patronenhülse an dieser Stelle dann nicht mehr an der Innenwandung des Patronenlagers anliegt, wenn die Patrone ganz in dieses eingeschoben ist . Dies kann beim Abfeuern der Patrone zum "Aufblasen", d.h. Ausbeulen, der Hülse führen, wenn die Wandstärke an der betreffenden Stelle aufgrund eines Materialfehlers oder ungeeigneter Munition zu gering dimen- sioniert ist. Die Gefahr einer Verklemmung oder eines Auf- platzens der Hülsen im Patronenlager und der daraus resultierenden Ladehemmungen oder Schützengefährdung ist dann deutlich größer.In order to guide the cartridges on the respective path, guide elements are provided on the weapon barrel or generally on fixed components of the weapon in known multi-loading weapons, for example so-called “lips” on the magazine. In addition, millings on the receptacle of the cartridge chamber are also known, which are intended to facilitate the threading of the cartridges into the cartridge chamber. Such millings, however, have the disadvantage that the cartridge case no longer lies against the inner wall of the cartridge chamber at this point when the cartridge is fully inserted into it. When the cartridge is fired, this can lead to "inflation", ie bulging, of the sleeve if the wall thickness at the relevant point is too small due to a material defect or unsuitable ammunition. is based. The risk of jamming or bursting of the sleeves in the cartridge chamber and the resultant loading inhibitions or danger to the rifle is then significantly greater.
Als günstige Lösung hat sich das eingangs genannte, gattungsbildende Waffenrohr der Anmelderin herausgestellt (DE 195 01 397 AI) : an dieses grenzt eine Zuführrampe zur Führung der Patronen an, welche die Strecke zwischen der Patronenbevorra- tung und dem Patronenlager zumindest teilweise überbrückt und als gesondertes Bauteil ausgebildet ist.The above-mentioned generic gun barrel by the applicant has been found to be a cheap solution (DE 195 01 397 AI): adjoining this is a feed ramp for guiding the cartridges, which at least partially bridges the distance between the cartridge supply and the cartridge chamber and as a separate one Component is formed.
Die Oberfläche der Zuführrampe weist dabei eine oder mehrere Führungsrillen auf, in denen die Patronen von ihrer Übergabe- position in das Patronenlager geführt werden. Dabei gleiten sie beispielsweise von einer tieferen Position (relativ zum Patronenlager) in leichter Schräglage nach oben, so daß ihre Spitze genau in das Patronenlager "eintaucht".The surface of the feed ramp has one or more guide grooves in which the cartridges are guided from their transfer position into the cartridge chamber. They slide, for example, from a lower position (relative to the chamber) in a slightly inclined position so that their tip "dips" exactly into the chamber.
Insgesamt hat sich diese Lösung der Anmelderin in der Praxis vielfach bewährt. Sie setzt für einen störungsfreien Ladevorgang allerdings eine präzise Fertigung der Zuführrampe bzw. der Führungsrillen voraus.Overall, the applicant's solution has proven itself many times in practice. However, for a trouble-free loading process, it requires precise manufacture of the feed ramp or guide grooves.
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine weitere Möglichkeit anzugeben, bei einer Mehrladewaffe eine zuverlässige Patronenzuführung bereitzustellen.Against this background, the invention is based on the object of specifying a further possibility of providing a reliable cartridge feed for a multi-loading weapon.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit dem Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1, also mit einem Waffenrohr der eingangs genannten Art, bei welchem das Führungselement im wesentlichen dort angeordnet ist, wo beim Ladevorgang die vorgesehene Zuführbewegung der Patronen in Querrichtung der Waffe endet .The invention solves this problem with the subject matter of claim 1, that is to say with a weapon barrel of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the guide element is arranged essentially where the intended feed movement of the cartridges in the transverse direction of the weapon ends during the loading process.
Das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement begrenzt also die Querbewegung der Patronen auf ihrem Weg von der Übergabeposition in das Patronenlager. Dabei ist es in Bezug auf die Mittelachse des Patronenlagers im wesentlichen auf derjenigen Seite angeordnet, die der Übergabeposition gegenüber liegt.The guide element according to the invention thus limits the transverse movement of the cartridges on their way from the transfer position into the chamber. In relation to the central axis of the cartridge chamber, it is arranged essentially on the side opposite the transfer position.
Das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement hat somit eine andere Funktion, als die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Zuführrampe. Letztere schafft einen körperlichen Übergang für die Patronen von der Übergabeposition zum Patronenlager. Das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement hingegen wirkt einer über das vorgesehene Maß hinausgehenden Querbewegung der Patronen, etwa einem Aufstellen derselben (sog. Spießer) , entgegen. Übermäßige Querbewegungen können zum Verdrehen und damit zum Verklemmen der Patronen beim Ladevorgang führen und vor allem bei Mehrladewaffen auftreten, die nur einfach ausgestaltete Übergänge aufweisen, etwa die eingangs erwähnten Magazinlippen oder Ausfräsungen. Das erfindungsgemäße Waffenrohr findet daher besonders vorteilhaft Anwendung bei Mehrladewaffen, bei denen - etwa aus Kosten- oder Fertigungsgründen - auf präzise Übergänge verzichtet werden muß. Die Störanfälligkeit solcher Waffen beim Ladevorgang läßt sich dann mit Hilfe der Erfindung deutlich senken. Gleichermaßen ist das erfindungsgemäße Waffenrohr „aber auch dazu geeignet, bei präzise ausgestalteten Übergängen (etwa nach Art der eingangs genannten Lösung der Anmelderin) die Robustheit der Mehrladewaffe noch weiter zu erhöhen.The guide element according to the invention thus has a different function than the feed ramp known from the prior art. The latter creates a physical transition for the cartridges from the transfer position to the cartridge chamber. The guide element according to the invention, on the other hand, counteracts a transverse movement of the cartridges that goes beyond the intended dimension, for example a setting up of the cartridges (so-called spit). Excessive transverse movements can lead to twisting and thus jamming of the cartridges during the loading process and can occur, in particular, with multi-load weapons that have only simple transitions, such as the magazine lips or cutouts mentioned at the beginning. The weapon barrel according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageously used in multi-loading weapons in which - for cost or manufacturing reasons, for example - precise transitions have to be dispensed with. The susceptibility to failure of such weapons during the loading process can then be significantly reduced with the aid of the invention. Likewise, the weapon barrel according to the invention “is also suitable, however, for increasing the robustness of the multi-armed weapon even further in the case of precisely designed transitions (for example in the manner of the solution mentioned by the applicant).
Daneben ist die Erfindung grundsätzlich auch vorteilhaft bei Waffen anwendbar, bei denen sich die Übergabeposition unmittelbar hinter dem Waffenrohr bzw. Patronenlager befindet. Bei solchen Waffen ist eine Querbewegung der Patronen nicht vorgesehen und folglich auch nicht erwünscht. Solche unerwünschten Querbewegungen der Patronen können dann durch das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement verhindert werden.In addition, the invention can in principle also be used advantageously for weapons in which the transfer position is located directly behind the weapon barrel or cartridge chamber. A transverse movement of the cartridges is not provided for in such weapons and is consequently also not desired. Such undesirable transverse movements of the cartridges can then be prevented by the guide element according to the invention.
Aufgrund der besonderen Anordnung des Führungselements weicht die vorliegende Erfindung von der traditionellen Bauart bekannter Waffenrohre ab. So wurde bisher angestrebt, den Be- reich vor der Aufnahme des Patronenlagers möglichst freizuhalten, um einen möglichst störungsfreien Hülsenauswurf zu gewährleisten. Es wäre also beim Einsatz des erfindungsgemäß angeordneten Führungselements zu erwarten gewesen, daß eine erhöhte Anzahl von Ladehemmungen aufgrund von Verklemmungen beim Hülsenauswurf in Kauf genommen werden muß. Erste Praxisversuche haben jedoch gezeigt, daß dies nicht der Fall ist, sondern die Vorzüge der Erfindung ohne negative Seiteneffekte zum Tragen kommen.Due to the special arrangement of the guide element, the present invention deviates from the traditional design of known gun barrels. So far, efforts have been made to To be kept as free as possible before taking up the cartridge chamber in order to ensure the most trouble-free sleeve ejection. When using the guide element arranged according to the invention, it would have been expected that an increased number of loading inhibitions due to jamming during sleeve ejection would have to be accepted. However, initial practical tests have shown that this is not the case, but that the advantages of the invention come into play without negative side effects.
Das erfindungsgemäße Waffenrohr kann grundsätzlich bei jeder Art von Mehrladewaffe in herkömmlicher Bauweise Anwendung finden. Im Einzelfall kann es jedoch vorteilhaft oder erforderlich sein, einzelne Komponenten der Mehrladewaffe kon- struktiv an das neue Waffenrohr anzupassen. Daher richtet sich die Erfindung neben dem Waffenrohr auch auf eine Mehrladewaffe, insbesondere eine Selbstladewaffe, mit einem solchen Waffenrohr.The weapon barrel according to the invention can in principle be used with any type of multi-load weapon in a conventional design. In individual cases, however, it may be advantageous or necessary to constructively adapt individual components of the multi-load weapon to the new weapon barrel. Therefore, in addition to the weapon barrel, the invention is also directed to a multi-loading weapon, in particular a self-loading weapon, with such a weapon barrel.
Grundsätzlich kann das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement als gesondertes Bauteil ausgebildet sein und über eine feste oder lösbare Verbindung am Waffenrohr angebracht sein. Bevorzugt stellt das Führungselement jedoch einen integralen Bestandteil des Waffenrohres dar (gemäß Anspruch 2) , wird also mit diesem aus einem Werkstoffblock gefertigt.In principle, the guide element according to the invention can be designed as a separate component and attached to the weapon barrel via a fixed or detachable connection. However, the guide element preferably represents an integral part of the weapon barrel (according to claim 2), that is to say it is produced with it from a block of material.
In vielen Fällen, insbesondere bei Handfeuerwaffen mit Stangenmagazin, befindet/befinden sich die Übergabeposition (en) der Patronen unterhalb des Patronenlagers. Daher ist bei ei- ner bevorzugten Ausgestaltung das Führungselement oberhalb des Patronenlagers angeordnet (gemäß Anspruch 3) . Gleichermaßen ist es bei Mehrladewaffen, bei denen die Übergabeposition (en) oberhalb des Patronenlagers angeordnet ist, zweckmäßig, das Führungselement unterhalb des Patronenlagers anzu- ordnen. Das Führungselement kann weiter so angeordnet sein, daß seine relative Lage, in Umfangsrichtung des Patronenlagers gesehen, gegenüber einem am Verschluß angebrachten Ausziehelement versetzt ist (gemäß Anspruch 4) . Auf diese Weise ist sicherge- stellt, daß die Funktion des Ausziehelements, beispielsweise einer Ausziehkralle, durch das Führungselement nicht beeinträchtigt wird. Gleichzeitig liegt das Führungselement dadurch im Regelfall nicht in der Auswurfrichtung der Hülsen.In many cases, especially in the case of handguns with a rod magazine, the transfer position (s) of the cartridges are located below the cartridge chamber. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the guide element is arranged above the cartridge chamber (according to claim 3). Likewise, in the case of multi-loading weapons in which the transfer position (s) is arranged above the cartridge chamber, it is expedient to arrange the guide element below the cartridge chamber. The guide element can also be arranged so that its relative position, as seen in the circumferential direction of the cartridge chamber, is offset from a pull-out element attached to the breech (according to claim 4). In this way it is ensured that the function of the pull-out element, for example a pull-out claw, is not impaired by the guide element. At the same time, the guide element is therefore usually not in the ejection direction of the sleeves.
Im Bedarfsfall kann das Führungselement auch mehrteilig ausgestaltet sein. Es können auch mehrere Führungselemente vorgesehen sein, die dann vorzugsweise am Rohrumfang verteilt angeordnet sind.If necessary, the guide element can also be designed in several parts. A plurality of guide elements can also be provided, which are then preferably distributed over the circumference of the tube.
Wie oben dargelegt, ist das erfindungsgemäße Waffenrohr grundsätzlich dazu geeignet, jede Art von Patronenzuführung bekannter Mehrladewaffen vorteilhaft zu unterstützen. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist zusätzlich ein Zuführelement vorgesehen, das sich in Richtung des hinteren Waffen- teils erstreckt, in Bezug auf die Mittelachse des Patronenlagers im wesentlichen gegenüber dem Führungselement angeordnet ist, und dazu gedacht ist, mit dem Führungselement bei der Führung der Patronen zusammenzuwirken (gemäß Anspruch 5) . Das Zuführelement ist dabei vorzugsweise als integraler Bestand- teil des Waffenrohres ausgebildet.As stated above, the weapon barrel according to the invention is in principle suitable for advantageously supporting any type of cartridge feed of known multi-loading weapons. In a preferred embodiment, a feed element is additionally provided which extends in the direction of the rear weapon part, is arranged essentially opposite the guide element with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber, and is intended to cooperate with the guide element when guiding the cartridges (according to claim 5). The feed element is preferably designed as an integral part of the weapon barrel.
Das Zuführelement ist vorzugsweise weiter so ausgebildet, daß bei der betreffenden Mehrladewaffe weitere Mittel zur Führung der Patronen auf der besagten Zwischenstrecke nicht mehr er- forderlich sind. Die Patronenzuführung wird dann allein durch das Zusammenspiel des Zuführelements mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Führungselement bewerkstelligt.The feed element is preferably further designed such that further means for guiding the cartridges on the intermediate section in question are no longer required in the case of the multi-loading weapon in question. The cartridge feed is then accomplished solely by the interaction of the feed element with the guide element according to the invention.
Für eine verbesserte Patronenzuführung ist weiter vorgesehen, das Führungselement und/oder gegebenenfalls (falls vorhanden) das Zuführelement so auszugestalten, daß seine/ihre Innenfläche (n) gegenüber der Mittelachse des Patronenlagers zumindest abschnittsweise schräg verläuft/verlaufen und zwar so, daß sich der Abstand der Innenfläche (n) zur Mittelachse nach vorne hin verringert (gemäß Anspruch 6) . Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Innenfläche (n) fließend in die Innenwandung des Patronenlagers übergehen. Ist ein Zuführelement vorhanden, laufen die Innenflächen der beiden Elemente vorzugsweise keilförmig zusammen. 'For an improved cartridge supply, it is further provided that the guide element and / or optionally (if present) the feed element are designed in such a way that his / her inner surface (s) at least with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber sections run obliquely in such a way that the distance of the inner surface (s) to the central axis decreases towards the front (according to claim 6). It is advantageous if the inner surface (s) flow smoothly into the inner wall of the cartridge chamber. If a feed element is present, the inner surfaces of the two elements preferably converge in a wedge shape. '
Daneben ist vorgesehen, das Führungselement und/oder gegebe- nenfalls das Zuführelement so auszugestalten, daß seine/ihre Innenfläche (n) zumindest abschnittsweise (einen) Querschnitt (e) in Form eines Kreissegments aufweist/aufweisen, also gekrümmt ist/sind. Die Krümmung der/des Kreissegmente (s) entspricht/entsprechen dabei vorzugsweise dem Radius des Pa- tronenlagers (gemäß Anspruch 7) .In addition, it is provided to design the guide element and / or, if appropriate, the feed element in such a way that its / its inner surface (s) has (have) a cross-section (s) at least in sections in the form of a segment of a circle, ie is / are curved. The curvature of the circular segment (s) preferably corresponds to the radius of the cartridge bearing (according to claim 7).
Die oben beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen der Innenfläche (n) des Führungselements bzw. des Zuführelements (Schräge und Krümmung) stellen bevorzugte Maßnahmen dar, ein störungsfreies Hineingleiten der Patrone in das Patronenlager zu fördern. Dabei ist eine Kombination der beiden Maßnahmen besonders vorteilhaft, da auf so ein "Ausbrechen" der Patrone vom vorhergesehenen Weg noch wirksamer verhindert werden kann.The above-described configurations of the inner surface (s) of the guide element or of the feed element (bevel and curvature) represent preferred measures to promote a trouble-free sliding of the cartridge into the cartridge chamber. A combination of the two measures is particularly advantageous, since "breaking out" of the cartridge from the intended path can be prevented even more effectively.
Die Innenflächen des Führungselementes und des Zuführelementes können auch kegelförmig zusammenlaufen, also jeweils als ein Segment eines gemeinsamen Trichters ausgestaltet sein. Die Kegelform kann dann vorteilhaft beim Dreharbeitsgang am Waffenrohr mit angearbeitet werden.The inner surfaces of the guide element and the feed element can also converge in a conical shape, that is to say they can each be designed as a segment of a common funnel. The cone shape can then advantageously be worked on during the turning operation on the weapon barrel.
Aus dem bisher Gesagten geht hervor, daß das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement sowie das zugehörige Zuführelement primär dazu gedacht sind, eine möglichst störungsfreie Patronenzuführung zu gewährleisten. Grundsätzlich ist das Führungse1ement , insbesondere im Zusammenspiel mit dem Zuführelement, überdies dazu geeignet, den Verschluß (oder gegebenenfalls Verschlußkopf) beim Abschließen des Patronenlagers in Bezug auf dieses zu zentrieren. Daher behält sich die Anmelderin zusätzlich eigenständigen Schutz für ein Waffenrohr gemäß Anspruch 1 vor, welches die besagte Zentrierfunktion erfüllt, und vorzugsweise auch ein oder mehrere Merkmale der Ansprüche 2 bis 7 aufweist. Selbstverständlich ist der Verschluß dann in seiner Ausgestaltung so anzupassen, daß das Zuführelement die Zentrierfunktion erfüllen kann.From what has been said so far, it can be seen that the guide element according to the invention and the associated feed element are primarily intended to ensure a cartridge feed that is as trouble-free as possible. Basically, the guide element, in particular in interaction with the feed element, is also suitable for closing the breech (or possibly breech head) when closing the cartridge chamber in relation to it to center. Therefore, the applicant additionally reserves independent protection for a weapon barrel according to claim 1, which fulfills the said centering function and preferably also has one or more features of claims 2 to 7. Of course, the design of the closure must then be adapted so that the feed element can fulfill the centering function.
Obige Ausführungen zum Waffenrohr gelten auch vollinhaltlich für die erfindungsgemäße Mehrladewaffe gemäß Anspruch 8, nämlich eine Mehrladewaffe, insbesondere Selbstladewaf e, mit einem Waffenrohr, bei welcher die Patronen beim Ladevorgang dem Waffenrohr zugeführt werden und sich dabei in Längs- und in Querrichtung der Waffe bewegen, und bei welcher das Waf- fenrohr ein Patronenlager zur Aufnahme der Patronen und ein an das Patronenlager angrenzendes Führungselement aufweist, wobei sich das Führungselement in Richtung des hinteren Waffenteils erstreckt und derart ausgestaltet ist, daß es die Patronen führt und im wesentlichen dort angeordnet ist, wo die vorgesehene Querbewegung der Patronen beim Ladevorgang endet .The above statements regarding the weapon barrel also apply in full to the multi-loading weapon according to the invention, namely a multi-loading weapon, in particular a self-loading weapon, with a weapon barrel, in which the cartridges are fed to the weapon barrel during the loading process and move in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the weapon, and in which the weapon barrel has a cartridge chamber for receiving the cartridges and a guide element adjoining the cartridge chamber, the guide element extending in the direction of the rear weapon part and being designed in such a way that it guides the cartridges and is arranged essentially where the intended transverse movement of the cartridges ends during the loading process.
Obige Ausführungen zum Waffenrohr gelten ebenso für die vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrladewaf- fe gemäß Anspruch 9.The above statements regarding the weapon barrel also apply to the advantageous embodiments of the multi-load weapon according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen noch näher erläutert. In der hierzu angefügten Zeichnung zeigen:The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments. The attached drawing shows:
Fig. 1 ein Schrägbild eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Waffenrohres;Figure 1 is an oblique view of a first embodiment of the gun barrel according to the invention.
Fig. 2 ein Schrägbild eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Waffenrohres; Fig. 3 ein (nicht maßstäblicher) Teil-Längsschnitt durch eine Maschinenpistole mit dem Waffenrohr aus Fig. 2 in Einbaulage und einem zugehörigen Verschluß;2 shows an oblique view of a second exemplary embodiment of the weapon barrel according to the invention; 3 shows a (not to scale) partial longitudinal section through a submachine gun with the weapon barrel from FIG. 2 in the installed position and an associated breech;
Fig. 4 ein (nicht maßstäbliches) Schrägbild des Verschlusses aus Fig. 3.4 shows an oblique image (not to scale) of the closure from FIG. 3.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen (nur teilweise dargestellten) Lauf 3 einer nicht dargestellten Selbstladewaffe, mit einem Patronenlager 5 und einer (nicht dargestellten) Geschoßbohrung. Das Patronenlager 5 befindet sich dabei im hinteren Abschnitt 1 des Laufes 3 und mündet nach vorne gehend in die Geschoßbohrung, so daß die Mittelachse des Patronenlagers 5 der Seelenachse des Laufes 3 entspricht. Das Patronenlager 5 dient zur Auf- nähme von (nicht dargestellten) Patronen.Fig. 1 shows a (only partially shown) barrel 3 of a self-loading weapon, not shown, with a cartridge chamber 5 and a (not shown) projectile bore. The cartridge chamber 5 is located in the rear section 1 of the barrel 3 and opens into the projectile bore so that the central axis of the cartridge chamber 5 corresponds to the core axis of the barrel 3. The cartridge chamber 5 is used to hold cartridges (not shown).
Der Lauf 3 weist weiter ein Führungselement 7 auf, das auf einer Stirnfläche 9 des Laufes 3 sitzt und einen integralen Bestandteil desselben darstellt. Das Führungselement 7, das im folgenden als "Führungsnase" bezeichnet wird, ist oberhalb des Patronenlagers 5 angeordnet und erstreckt sich (in Längsrichtung der Waffe) nach hinten. Die Führungsnase 7 weist eine Innenfläche 7a auf, die entsprechend dem Radius des Patronenlagers 5 leicht gekrümmt ist und in einer leichten Schräge fließend in das Patronenlager 5 übergeht.The barrel 3 also has a guide element 7 which sits on an end face 9 of the barrel 3 and is an integral part of the same. The guide element 7, which is referred to below as the "guide nose", is arranged above the cartridge chamber 5 and extends (in the longitudinal direction of the weapon) to the rear. The guide lug 7 has an inner surface 7a which is slightly curved in accordance with the radius of the cartridge chamber 5 and merges smoothly into the cartridge chamber 5 in a slight incline.
Weiter ist der Lauf 3 mit einem Zuführelement 11 bestückt, das im folgenden als "Zuführrampe" bezeichnet wird. Die Zuführrampe 11 weist eine Innenfläche 11a auf, die entsprechend dem Radius des Patronenlagers 5 leicht gekrümmt ist, in Längsrichtung gesehen im wesentlichen in zwei unterschiedlich schräge Abschnitte 11a' und 11a'' abgestuft ist und fließend in das Patronenlager 5 übergeht .Furthermore, the barrel 3 is equipped with a feed element 11, which is referred to below as the "feed ramp". The feed ramp 11 has an inner surface 11a which is slightly curved in accordance with the radius of the cartridge chamber 5, seen in the longitudinal direction essentially stepped into two differently inclined sections 11a 'and 11a' 'and merges smoothly into the cartridge chamber 5.
Ferner hat der Lauf 3 eine Freisparung 13 für eine (nicht dargestellte) Ausziehkralle des zum Lauf 3 gehörenden Verschlusses (nicht dargestellt) . Die Krümmungsradien der Innenflächen 7a und 11a entsprechen denen des Innendurchmessers des Patronenlagers 5, um einen möglichst harmonischen Übergang zwischen den Innenflächen 7a, 11a und dem Patronenlager 5 zu schaffen. So ist ein möglichst störungsfreies Einführen der Patronen in das Patronenlager 5 gewährleistet .Furthermore, the barrel 3 has a cutout 13 for a pull-out claw (not shown) of the lock belonging to the barrel 3 (not shown). The radii of curvature of the inner surfaces 7a and 11a correspond to those of the inner diameter of the cartridge chamber 5 in order to create the most harmonious possible transition between the inner surfaces 7a, 11a and the cartridge chamber 5. This ensures trouble-free insertion of the cartridges into the cartridge chamber 5.
Durch die schräge Ausgestaltung der Innenfläche 7a und des vorderen Abschnitts 11a' der Innenfläche 11a (die Schräge beträgt jeweils etwa 8 Grad in Bezug auf die Mittelachse des Patronenlagers 5) , nähern sich die beiden Flächen in Längsrichtung der Waffe nach vorne einander kontinuierlich an. Sie bilden so eine Art "Schnabel" zur besseren Aufnahme der Pa- tronen. Durch die gekrümmte Ausbildung der Innenflächen 7a, 11a fungieren diese zusätzlich als Führungsrillen, um die Patronen auf einem geradlinigen Weg in Richtung Patronenlager 5 zu halten.Due to the inclined configuration of the inner surface 7a and the front section 11a 'of the inner surface 11a (the inclination is approximately 8 degrees with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber 5), the two surfaces continuously approach each other in the longitudinal direction of the weapon. They form a kind of "beak" for better absorption of the cartridges. Due to the curved design of the inner surfaces 7a, 11a, these additionally function as guide grooves in order to keep the cartridges in a straight line in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5.
Die Patronenzuführung funktioniert bei dem vorliegenden Beispiel wie folgt: Nach erfolgtem Hülsenauswurf wird durch die Nachladebewegung des Verschlusses eine neue Patrone von einer nicht dargestellten Übergabeposition in Richtung des Patronenlagers 5 geschoben. Die relative Lage der Übergabeposition liegt dabei unterhalb des Patronenlagers 5, so daß die Spitze der Patrone auf den hinteren Abschnitt 11a1' (der Innenfläche 11a) aufläuft. Die Patrone wird dadurch angehoben und durch die Schräge dieses Abschnittes 11a' ' nach oben in Richtung des Patronenlagers 5 gelenkt. Schließlich trifft die Patro- nenspitze auf die Innenfläche 7a (der Führungsnase 7) und kippt dadurch mit der Spitze nach unten in eine stärker waagrechte Position, in der sie auf dem ersten Abschnitt 11a' der Innenfläche 11a zu liegen kommt und danach vollständig in das Patronenlager 5 eingeschoben wird.The cartridge feeder works in the present example as follows: after the case has been ejected, a new cartridge is pushed from the transfer position (not shown) in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5 by the reloading movement of the closure. The relative position of the transfer position lies below the cartridge chamber 5, so that the tip of the cartridge runs onto the rear section 11a 1 '(the inner surface 11a). The cartridge is thereby lifted and directed upwards in the direction of the cartridge chamber 5 by the slope of this section 11a ″. Finally, the cartridge tip hits the inner surface 7a (the guide nose 7) and thereby tilts with the tip down into a more horizontal position, in which it comes to rest on the first section 11a 'of the inner surface 11a and then completely into the cartridge chamber 5 is inserted.
In Wirklichkeit läuft die PatronenZuführung beim Ladevorgang in Sekundenbruchteilen ab. Daher ist die vorstehende Be- Schreibung lediglich als stark vereinfachtes Anschauungsmodell zu verstehen. Dabei treffen die Patronen nicht immer genau an der gleichen Stelle auf den Abschnitt 11a' ' bzw. die Innenfläche 7a auf . Bei hohen Nachladegeschwindigkeiten kön- nen einzelne Patronen von der Zuführrampe 11 sogar nach oben abprallen und danach relativ weit hinten auf die Innenfläche 7a auftreffen (wie zum Beispiel die eingangs erwähnten Spießer) . Solche "Ausreißer" würden bei fehlender Führungsnase 7 das Patronenlager 5 verfehlen, sich vor dem Patronenlager 5 bzw. vor der Stirnfläche 9 querlegen und damit eine Ladehemmung verursachen. Bei herkömmlichen Waffenrohren bzw. Läufen (ohne ein Führungselement wie die Führungsnase 7) muß solchen Ausreißern mit entsprechend aufwendig ausgestalteten Zuführelementen entgegengewirkt werden. Diese Problematik verschärft sich zusätzlich bei relativ kurzen und/oder flachköpfigen Patronen, da diese aufgrund der stärkeren Schräglage bzw. der flachen Spitze das Patronenlager 5 noch leichter verfehlen können .In reality, the cartridge feeder takes a fraction of a second to load. Therefore, the above Understanding spelling only as a greatly simplified visual model. The cartridges do not always strike the section 11a ″ or the inner surface 7a at exactly the same point. At high reloading speeds, individual cartridges can even bounce off the feed ramp 11 and then hit the inner surface 7a relatively far to the rear (such as the skewers mentioned at the beginning). Such "outliers" would miss the cartridge chamber 5 in the absence of the guide lug 7, would cross in front of the cartridge chamber 5 or in front of the end face 9 and thus cause an inhibition of loading. In conventional weapon barrels or barrels (without a guide element such as the guide nose 7), such outliers must be counteracted with correspondingly complex feed elements. This problem is exacerbated in the case of relatively short and / or flat-headed cartridges, since these can miss the cartridge chamber 5 even more easily due to the greater inclined position or the flat tip.
Ein Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Laufes 3 ist somit, daß durch das Zusammenwirken der Führungsnase 7 mit der Zuführ- rampe 11 letztere relativ einfach ausgestaltet sein kann, ohne daß vermehrte Ladehemmungen in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Dies vermindert bei gleicher Zuverlässigkeit der Waffe den Fertigungsaufwand und damit die Herstellungskosten. Zugleich findet ein erfindungsgemäßes Führungselement wie die Führungsnase 7 auch bei bekannten Läufen bzw. Mehrladewaffen mit präzise ausgestalteten Zuführelementen vorteilhaft Anwendung, da sich hierdurch die Robustheit der jeweiligen Mehrla- dewaffe gegen Ladehemmungen noch weiter erhöht.An advantage of the barrel 3 according to the invention is thus that the interaction of the guide lug 7 with the feed ramp 11 allows the latter to be designed in a relatively simple manner without having to accept increased inhibitions of loading. With the same reliability of the weapon, this reduces the manufacturing effort and thus the manufacturing costs. At the same time, a guide element according to the invention, such as the guide lug 7, is also advantageously used in known barrels or multi-load weapons with precisely designed feed elements, since this increases the robustness of the respective multi-load weapon against inhibitions of loading.
Aus dem bisher Gesagten ergibt sich auch, daß die Führungsnase 7 die Querbewegung der Patronen nach oben begrenzt, so daß sich diese in Querrichtung der Waffe nicht weiter als vorge- sehen aufwärts bewegen können. Die Führungsnase 7 "fängt" dabei Patronen, welche das Patronenlager 5 zu verfehlen drohen, auf und lenkt sie beim Auftreffen auf die Innenfläche 7a in Richtung des Patronenlagers 5. Im Zusammenspiel mit der Zuführrampe 11 wird so eine Patronenzuführung geschaffen, welche die Patronen in die vorgesehene Bahn lenkt und sie dort hält, unmittelbar nachdem diese ihre Übergabeposition (en) verlassen haben. Daher sind außer der Zuführrampe 11 keine weiteren Zuführelemente erforderlich.From what has been said so far, it also follows that the guide lug 7 limits the transverse movement of the cartridges upwards, so that they cannot move upward in the transverse direction of the weapon as intended. The guide nose 7 "catches" cartridges that threaten to miss the cartridge chamber 5 and directs them when they strike the inner surface 7a Direction of the cartridge chamber 5. In cooperation with the feed ramp 11, a cartridge feed is created which directs the cartridges into the intended path and holds them there immediately after they have left their transfer position (s). Therefore, no further feed elements are required apart from the feed ramp 11.
Da die Patronen zunächst durch die Zuführrampe 11 geführt werden und die Funktion der Führungsnase hauptsächlich auf das besagte Auffangen beschränkt ist, kann die Führungsnase 7 im allgemeinen kürzer als die Zuführrampe 11 ausgestaltet sein. Aus dem Beispiel ist ersichtlich, daß das erfindungsgemäße Führungselement dadurch in der Regel relativ wenig Platz beansprucht und sich daher praktisch nicht störend auf andere Abläufe, insbesondere den Hülsenauswurf, auswirkt.Since the cartridges are first guided through the feed ramp 11 and the function of the guide lug is mainly limited to said collecting, the guide lug 7 can generally be made shorter than the feed ramp 11. From the example it can be seen that the guide element according to the invention generally takes up relatively little space as a result and therefore has practically no disruptive effect on other processes, in particular the sleeve ejection.
Aus dem Beispiel ist weiter ersichtlich, daß durch das Vorhandensein der Führungsnase 7 Ausfräsungen an der Aufnahme des Patronenlagers 5 nicht erforderlich sind. Die Hülsen der im Patronenlager 5 liegenden Patronen liegen dadurch vollständig an der Innenwandung des Patronenlagers 5 an. Somit besteht keine Gefahr, daß sie beim Schußvorgang (wie bereits beschrieben) aufgeblasen werden.From the example it can also be seen that the presence of the guide lug 7 means that milled recesses on the receptacle of the cartridge chamber 5 are not required. The sleeves of the cartridges lying in the cartridge chamber 5 are thereby completely against the inner wall of the cartridge chamber 5. There is therefore no danger that they will be inflated during the firing process (as already described).
Fig. 2 bis 4 zeigen einen weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Lauf 3', welcher in seiner Ausgestaltung und seiner Funktion im wesentlichen dem des Laufes 3 entspricht. Einzige Unterschiede sind der anders gestaltete äußerliche Übergang zwischen dem Abschnitt 1 und dem übrigen Teil des Laufes 3 ' , sowie die an- dersformige Ausgestaltung und leicht veränderte Anordnung der Freisparung 13 ' für die (nicht dargestellte) Ausziehkralle eines zugehörigen Verschlusses 17.2 to 4 show a further barrel 3 'according to the invention, which essentially corresponds in its design and its function to that of barrel 3. The only differences are the differently designed external transition between the section 1 and the remaining part of the barrel 3 ', as well as the different design and slightly modified arrangement of the cutout 13' for the pull-out claw (not shown) of an associated lock 17.
Fig. 3 zeigt den Lauf 3' in Einbaulage in einer Maschinenpi- stole 15 mit dem Verschluß 17, der das Patronenlager 5 von hinten abschließt. Der in Fig. 4 nochmals separat dargestellte Verschluß 17 ist in Längsrichtung der Waffe verschieblich gelagert und kann so in bekannter Weise beim Durchladen oder nach Abfeuern einer Patrone eine Nachladebewegung ausführen.3 shows the barrel 3 'in the installed position in a submachine gun 15 with the closure 17, which closes the cartridge chamber 5 from the rear. The breech 17, shown separately in FIG. 4, is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the weapon stored and can thus perform a reload movement in a known manner when loading or after firing a cartridge.
In Fig. 4 ist zu erkennen, daß der Verschluß 17 an seiner Frontfläche 19 neben verschiedenen anderen Aussparungen (die hier nicht näher erläutert werden sollen) eine Nut 21 aufweist, die sich von einem Punkt oberhalb eines Stoßbodens 23 durchgängig bis zum Boden des Verschlusses 17 erstreckt und als Freisparung für die Führungsnase 7 und die Zuführrampe 11 dient (siehe auch Fig. 3) . Der Verschluß 17 ist dadurch in seiner Funktion nicht eingeschränkt und muß insbesondere in diesem Bereich auch konstruktiv nicht weiter an den neuartig ausgestalteten Lauf 3' angepaßt werden. Das Beispiel zeigt auch, daß für den Einsatz der Erfindung die Längsmaße der Waffe im allgemeinen nicht vergrößert werden müssen. In FIG. 4 it can be seen that the closure 17 has on its front surface 19, in addition to various other recesses (which are not to be explained in more detail here), a groove 21 which extends continuously from a point above a butt plate 23 to the bottom of the closure 17 extends and serves as a clearance for the guide nose 7 and the feed ramp 11 (see also Fig. 3). The function of the closure 17 is therefore not restricted and, particularly in this area, there is also no need to adapt the design to the newly designed barrel 3 '. The example also shows that the longitudinal dimensions of the weapon generally do not have to be increased for the use of the invention.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Waffenrohr (3; 3') für eine Mehrladewaffe (15), insbesondere eine Selbstladewaffe, bei der die Patronen beim Ladevorgang dem Waffenrohr zugeführt werden und sich dabei in Längs- und in Querrichtung der Waffe bewegen, mit: a) einem Patronenlager (5) zur Aufnahme der Patronen; und b) einem an das Patronenlager angrenzenden Führungselement (7) , das sich in Richtung des hinteren Waf- fenteils erstreckt und derart ausgestaltet ist, daß es die Patronen führt, wobei c) das Führungselement (7) im wesentlichen dort angeordnet ist, wo die vorgesehene Querbewegung der Patronen beim Ladevorgang endet , und d) das Führungselement (7) derart ausgestaltet ist, daß seine Innenfläche (7a) zumindest abschnittsweise einen kreissegmentfδrmigen Querschnitt aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß e) die Krümmung des Kreissegmentes dem Radius des Pa- tronenlagers (5) entspricht.1. weapon barrel (3; 3 ') for a multi-loading weapon (15), in particular a self-loading weapon, in which the cartridges are fed to the weapon barrel during the loading process and thereby move in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the weapon, with: a) a cartridge chamber ( 5) to hold the cartridges; and b) a guide element (7) adjoining the cartridge chamber, which extends in the direction of the rear weapon part and is designed such that it guides the cartridges, wherein c) the guide element (7) is arranged essentially where the The intended transverse movement of the cartridges ends during the loading process, and d) the guide element (7) is designed in such a way that its inner surface (7a) has, at least in sections, a cross-section in the form of a segment of a circle, characterized in that e) the curvature of the circular segment corresponds to the radius of the cartridge bearing ( 5) corresponds.
2. Waffenrohr nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem das Führungselement (7) als integraler Bestandteil des Waffenrohres ausgebildet ist.2. Gun barrel according to claim 1, wherein the guide element (7) is formed as an integral part of the gun barrel.
3. Waffenrohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welchem das Führungselement (7) oberhalb des Patronenlagers (5) angeordnet ist.3. Gun barrel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide element (7) above the cartridge chamber (5) is arranged.
4. Waffenrohr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die relative Lage des Führungselements (7) , in Umfangsrichtung des Patronenlagers (5) gesehen, gegenüber einem am Verschluß (17) angebrachten Ausziehelement versetzt ist .4. Gun barrel according to one of the preceding claims, in which the relative position of the guide element (7), seen in the circumferential direction of the cartridge chamber (5), relative to a pull-out element attached to the breech (17) is offset.
5. Waffenrohr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einem an das Patronenlager angrenzenden Zuführelement (11) , das sich in Richtung des hinteren Waffenteils erstreckt, in Bezug auf die Mittelachse des Patronenlagers (5) im wesentlichen gegenüber dem Führungselement (7) angeordnet ist, und derart ausgestaltet ist, daß es bei der Führung der Patronen mit dem Führungselement (7) zu- sammenwirkt .5. Gun barrel according to one of the preceding claims, with a feed element (11) adjoining the cartridge chamber and extending in the direction of the rear weapon part, is arranged essentially opposite the guide element (7) with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber (5), and is designed such that it cooperates with the guide element (7) when guiding the cartridges.
6. Waffenrohr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem das Führungselement (7) und/oder gegebenenfalls das Zuführelement (11) derart ausgestaltet ist/sind, daß seine/ihre Innenfläche (n) (7a; 11a) gegenüber der Mittelachse des Patronenlagers (5) zumindest abschnittsweise schräg verlauft/ erlaufen und zwar so, daß sich der Abstand der Innenfläche (n) zur Mittelachse nach vorne hin verringert .6. Gun barrel according to one of the preceding claims, in which the guide element (7) and / or optionally the feed element (11) is / are designed such that its / its inner surface (s) (7a; 11a) with respect to the central axis of the cartridge chamber ( 5) at least in sections runs obliquely / in such a way that the distance of the inner surface (s) to the central axis decreases towards the front.
Waffenrohr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zuführelement (11) einen kreissegmentfδrmigen Querschnitt aufweist, dessen Krümmung der des Patronenlagers entspricht .Gun barrel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed element (11) has a cross-section in the form of a segment of a circle, the curvature of which corresponds to that of the cartridge chamber.
Waffenrohr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Führungselement (7) und /oder das Zuführelement (11) fließend in das Patronenlager (5) übergeht.Gun barrel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide element (7) and / or the feed element (11) flows smoothly into the cartridge chamber (5).
Mehrladewaffe mit einem oder mehreren Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. Multi-load weapon with one or more features of claims 1 to 7.
EP01911474A 2000-01-14 2001-01-11 Barrel for a repeating weapon and repeating weapon with a barrel of this type Expired - Lifetime EP1247056B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20000598U 2000-01-14
DE20000598U DE20000598U1 (en) 2000-01-14 2000-01-14 Gun barrel for a multi-load weapon and multi-load weapon with such a gun barrel
PCT/EP2001/000293 WO2001051872A1 (en) 2000-01-14 2001-01-11 Barrel for a repeating weapon and repeating weapon with a barrel of this type

Publications (2)

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EP1247056A1 true EP1247056A1 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247056B1 EP1247056B1 (en) 2004-04-28

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EP01911474A Expired - Lifetime EP1247056B1 (en) 2000-01-14 2001-01-11 Barrel for a repeating weapon and repeating weapon with a barrel of this type

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US (1) US6604314B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1247056B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE265667T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2397482C (en)
DE (2) DE20000598U1 (en)
DK (1) DK1247056T3 (en)
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WO (1) WO2001051872A1 (en)

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US8505227B2 (en) 2009-03-24 2013-08-13 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Firearm with quick coupling barrel interlock system
US8490312B2 (en) 2009-03-24 2013-07-23 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Quick coupling barrel system for firearm
US9194641B2 (en) * 2010-09-29 2015-11-24 Nicholas E. Young Barrel alignment and locking assembly
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CA2397482C (en) 2005-11-01
CA2397482A1 (en) 2001-07-19
DE50102121D1 (en) 2004-06-03
ES2217120T3 (en) 2004-11-01
US6604314B2 (en) 2003-08-12
US20030019141A1 (en) 2003-01-30
EP1247056B1 (en) 2004-04-28
ATE265667T1 (en) 2004-05-15
DE20000598U1 (en) 2000-04-27
DK1247056T3 (en) 2004-08-30
WO2001051872A1 (en) 2001-07-19

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