EP1238711B1 - Internal burner - Google Patents

Internal burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1238711B1
EP1238711B1 EP02003519A EP02003519A EP1238711B1 EP 1238711 B1 EP1238711 B1 EP 1238711B1 EP 02003519 A EP02003519 A EP 02003519A EP 02003519 A EP02003519 A EP 02003519A EP 1238711 B1 EP1238711 B1 EP 1238711B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
main
wires
nozzle
flow
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02003519A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1238711A3 (en
EP1238711A2 (en
Inventor
Detlef Nowotni
Christian Wanke
Tilman Dr. Haug
Patrick Izquierdo
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
    • C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal burner for the arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular of cylinder running surfaces, as he, for example. From the basis of the genus forming US 5,622,753 A1 as known.
  • an internal burner which can be used for arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular of cylinder running surfaces.
  • the internal burner has two burner tubes for supplying electrodes, which electrodes are provided for melting and are formed as wires which can be burned in an arc.
  • the process gas is discharged from a nozzle transversely to the main transport direction of the wires and serves to transport and atomize the molten wire material in the direction of the surface of the cavity to be coated.
  • the wires are routed through the burner tubes on the outlet side and in the area of the arc towards each other.
  • the arranged in the contact region of the wires arc of the electrode wires is arranged in the region of the gas flow of the leaked process gas, wherein the nozzle is arranged on the gas outlet side in front of the focal point. Since the gas flow of the leaked process gas, hereinafter referred to as main gas direction, is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires, the wires close close to the arc with the main gas direction at an acute angle.
  • the internal burner for the arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular cylinder surfaces, known.
  • the internal burner has two burner tubes, which are provided for the supply of electrodes made of wire. The electrodes are melted in an arc.
  • the internal burner has a gas supply for a process gas, which is provided for transporting and atomizing the molten wire material in the direction of the surface of the cavity to be coated.
  • the (electrode) wires are guided towards each other through the burner tubes on the outlet side and in the region of the arc, wherein the arranged in the contact region of the wires arc of the electrode wires in the region of the gas flow of the leaked process gas is arranged.
  • the gas flow of the leaked process gas is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires defined by the burner tubes.
  • Layers that are sprayed with such an internal burner on a particular metallic substrate, preferably a cylinder surface, generally have a high porosity and / or pores with an unacceptably large mean pore diameter.
  • the object of the invention is to develop an internal burner to the effect, are possible with the sprayed layers, which have a lower porosity and / or pores with a smaller average pore diameter.
  • the object is achieved with an internal burner with the characterizing features of claim 1. Due to the inventive at least twice bending of the wire, the placement of the focal point within a closed space, the acute angle between the main gas direction and arc near transport direction of the wires within the claimed interval and the exit of the gas / metal droplet mixture from a common nozzle point with the internal burner according to the invention sprayed layers on a negligible porosity.
  • FIG. 1 is the front portion of an internal burner shown, as it is used in particular for the arc wire spraying of cavities, such as preferably cylinder surfaces of cast engine blocks of internal combustion engines.
  • the internal burner has two burner tubes 3 for the supply of electrodes.
  • the burner tubes 3 are arranged inside supply pipes 1, by which the main transporting direction of the wire-like electrodes is determined.
  • the electrodes are wires that are intended for melting in an arc.
  • the droplets forming from the molten wires are produced by a process gas, the gas supply of which in particular also in the supply pipes 1 is arranged, transported in the direction of the surface to be coated of the cavity and preferably also atomized.
  • the gas flow of the emerging from the nozzle head 2 and the droplets transporting process gas is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires.
  • the two wires to the burner tubes 3 are led towards each other on the outlet side.
  • the feeding takes place by a bending of the wires about a first axis which is transverse to the main transporting direction of the wires.
  • the wires in the region of the gas flow of the exiting from the nozzle head 2 process gas, whereby the arc of the electrode wires is in this area.
  • the wires are bent in addition to each other in the region of the nozzle head 2 about a second axis, which is arranged transversely to both the first axis and to the main transport direction of the wires.
  • the arc is largely stationary with respect to the internal burner, which is probably why the quality of the layer deposited on the substrate is very good.
  • the wires are also bent in addition to each other in addition in the direction of the main gas direction.
  • the acute angle between the main gas direction and the focal point near wire transport direction is close to the arc usefully between 0 ° to 30 °, preferably between 20 ° and 1 ° and more preferably between 10 ° and 1 °.
  • the internal burner is designed as a closed burner and has a nozzle 4.
  • the arc (focal point) is arranged in the region of the opening of the nozzle, preferably on the flow side before the exit of the gas stream from the nozzle 4.
  • the stream of droplets through the nozzle 4 is formed in such a way that the gas / material flow emerging through the opening from the nozzle 4 has an expansion angle between 10 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 30 °.
  • the (form) gas supply to the secondary openings can be effected by diverting a partial gas stream from the gas stream of the main opening. Greater variability can be achieved by providing the side openings with a different pressure of gas than the main opening.
  • a combustion and / or inert gas is still blown in the direction of the focal point, thus, for example, an increase in the temperature of the plasma and / or a shielding of the melted Materials would be connected. It makes sense to blow these gases in a flow-like manner or flow-equal to the main flow direction.
  • the feed advantageously takes place through a transport channel whose opening is arranged near the combustion point in the region of the main nozzle opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Innenbrenner zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen von Hohlräumen insbesondere von Zylinderlaufflächen, wie er bspw. aus der als gattungsbildend zugrunde gelegten US 5,622,753 A1 als bekannt hervorgeht.The invention relates to an internal burner for the arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular of cylinder running surfaces, as he, for example. From the basis of the genus forming US 5,622,753 A1 as known.

Aus dem gattungsbildend zugrunde gelegten US 5,622,753 A1 ist eine Innenbrenner bekannt, der zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen von Hohlräumen, insbesondere von Zylinderlaufflächen, verwendet werden kann. Der Innenbrenner weist zwei Brennerrohren zur Zuführung von Elektroden auf, welche Elektroden zur Aufschmelzung vorgesehen und als in einem Lichtbogen abbrennbare Drähte ausgebildet sind. Parallel zu den Brennerrohren, die die Haupttransportrichtung für die Drähte vorgeben ist ein Rohr als Gaszuführung für ein Prozessgas angeordnet. Das Prozessgas wird quer zur Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte aus einer Düse ausgeströmt und dient zum Transport und Zerstäuben des aufgeschmolzenen Drahtmaterials in Richtung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Hohlraumes. Die Drähte werden durch die Brennerrohre austrittsseitig und im Bereich des Lichtbogens aufeinander zu geführt. Der im Berührungsbereich der Drähte angeordnete Lichtbogen der Elektroden-Drähte ist im Bereich des Gasstromes des ausgetretenen Prozessgases angeordnet, wobei sich die Düse gasaustrittsseitig vor dem Brennpunkt angeordnet ist. Da der Gasstrom des ausgetretenen Prozessgases, im folgenden vereinfachen Hauptgasrichtung genannt, quer zur Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte angeordnet ist, schließen die Drähte lichtbogennah mit der Hauptgasrichtung einen spitzen Winkel ein.From the generic basis US 5,622,753 A1 an internal burner is known, which can be used for arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular of cylinder running surfaces. The internal burner has two burner tubes for supplying electrodes, which electrodes are provided for melting and are formed as wires which can be burned in an arc. Parallel to the burner tubes, which specify the main transport direction for the wires, a tube is arranged as a gas feed for a process gas. The process gas is discharged from a nozzle transversely to the main transport direction of the wires and serves to transport and atomize the molten wire material in the direction of the surface of the cavity to be coated. The wires are routed through the burner tubes on the outlet side and in the area of the arc towards each other. The arranged in the contact region of the wires arc of the electrode wires is arranged in the region of the gas flow of the leaked process gas, wherein the nozzle is arranged on the gas outlet side in front of the focal point. Since the gas flow of the leaked process gas, hereinafter referred to as main gas direction, is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires, the wires close close to the arc with the main gas direction at an acute angle.

Aus der DE 198 41 617 A1 ist ein Innenbrenner zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen von Hohlräumen insbesondere von Zylinderlaufflächen, bekannt. Der Innenbrenner weist zwei Brennerrohre auf, die zur Zuführung von Elektroden aus Draht vorgesehen sind. Die Elektroden werden in einem Lichtbogen aufgeschmolzen. Ferner weist der Innenbrenner eine Gaszuführung für ein Prozeßgas auf, welches zum Transport und Zerstäuben des aufgeschmolzenen Drahtmaterials in Richtung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Hohlraumes vorgesehen ist. Die (Elektroden-) Drähte sind durch die Brennerrohre austrittsseitig und im Bereich des Lichtbogens aufeinander zu geführt, wobei der im Berührungsbereich der Drähte angeordnete Lichtbogen der Elektroden-Drähte im Bereich des Gasstromes des ausgetretenen Prozessgases angeordnet ist. Der Gasstrom des ausgetretenen Prozeßgases, im folgenden vereinfachen Hauptgasstromrichtung genannt, ist quer zur Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte, die durch die Brennerrohre festgelegt ist, angeordnet. Schichten, die mit einem derartigen Innenbrenner auf ein insbesondere metallisches Substrat, vorzugsweise eine Zylinderlauffläche, aufgespritzt sind, weisen i.a. eine hohe Porosität und/oder Poren mit einem nicht akzeptablen großen mittleren Porendurchmesser auf.From the DE 198 41 617 A1 is an internal burner for the arc wire spraying of cavities, in particular cylinder surfaces, known. The internal burner has two burner tubes, which are provided for the supply of electrodes made of wire. The electrodes are melted in an arc. Furthermore, the internal burner has a gas supply for a process gas, which is provided for transporting and atomizing the molten wire material in the direction of the surface of the cavity to be coated. The (electrode) wires are guided towards each other through the burner tubes on the outlet side and in the region of the arc, wherein the arranged in the contact region of the wires arc of the electrode wires in the region of the gas flow of the leaked process gas is arranged. The gas flow of the leaked process gas, hereinafter referred to as the main gas flow direction, is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires defined by the burner tubes. Layers that are sprayed with such an internal burner on a particular metallic substrate, preferably a cylinder surface, generally have a high porosity and / or pores with an unacceptably large mean pore diameter.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Innenbrenner dahingehend zu entwickeln, mit dem gespritzte Schichten möglich sind, die eine geringere Porosität und/oder Poren mit einem kleineren mittleren Porendurchmesser aufweisen.The object of the invention is to develop an internal burner to the effect, are possible with the sprayed layers, which have a lower porosity and / or pores with a smaller average pore diameter.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Innenbrenner mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch die erfindungsgemäße wenigstens zweifache Biegung des Drahtes, die Unterbringung des Brennpunktes innerhalb eines geschlossenen Raumes, dem spitzen Winkel zwischen Hauptgasrichtung und lichtbogennaher Transportrichtung der Drähte innerhalb des beanspruchten Intervalls sowie den Austritt des Gas/Metalltröpfchen-Gemisches aus einer gemeinsamen Düse weisen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Innenbrenner gespritzten Schichten eine vernachlässigbare Porosität auf. Ein Grund hierfür könnte u.a. darin liegen, dass der Berührungspunkt der beiden Drähte und damit der Lichtbogen selbst bei Strom- und/oder Spannungsschwankungen eine hohe Ortstabilität aufweist.The object is achieved with an internal burner with the characterizing features of claim 1. Due to the inventive at least twice bending of the wire, the placement of the focal point within a closed space, the acute angle between the main gas direction and arc near transport direction of the wires within the claimed interval and the exit of the gas / metal droplet mixture from a common nozzle point with the internal burner according to the invention sprayed layers on a negligible porosity. One reason could be Among other things lie in the fact that the point of contact of the two wires and thus the arc has a high local stability even with current and / or voltage fluctuations.

Sinnvolle Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Ansprüchen entnehmbar. Im übrigen wird die Erfindung anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1:
eine perspektivische Aufsicht auf eine Innenbrenner mit entfernter Düse und
Fig. 2:
den Brenner nach Figur 1 mit geschlossener Düse.
Useful embodiments of the invention are the further claims removed. Moreover, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. It shows
Fig. 1:
a perspective view of an internal burner with remote nozzle and
Fig. 2:
the burner after FIG. 1 with closed nozzle.

In Figur 1 ist der vordere Bereich eines Innenbrenners dargestellt, wie er insbesondere zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen von Hohlräumen, wie vorzugsweise Zylinderlaufflächen von gegossenen Motorblöcken von Brennkraftmaschinen, eingesetzt wird. Der Innenbrenner weist zwei Brennerrohre 3 zur Zuführung von Elektroden auf. Die Brennerrohre 3 sind innerhalb von Versorgungsrohren 1 angeordnet, durch welche die Haupttransportrichtung der drahtartigen Elektroden festgelegt ist.In FIG. 1 is the front portion of an internal burner shown, as it is used in particular for the arc wire spraying of cavities, such as preferably cylinder surfaces of cast engine blocks of internal combustion engines. The internal burner has two burner tubes 3 for the supply of electrodes. The burner tubes 3 are arranged inside supply pipes 1, by which the main transporting direction of the wire-like electrodes is determined.

Bei den Elektroden handelt es sich um Drähte, die zur Aufschmelzung in einem Lichtbogen vorgesehen sind. Die sich aus den geschmolzenen Drähten bildenden Tröpfchen werden von einem Prozessgas, dessen Gaszuführung insbesondere auch in den Versorgungsrohren 1 angeordnet ist, in Richtung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Hohlraumes transportiert und vorzugsweise auch zerstäubt.The electrodes are wires that are intended for melting in an arc. The droplets forming from the molten wires are produced by a process gas, the gas supply of which in particular also in the supply pipes 1 is arranged, transported in the direction of the surface to be coated of the cavity and preferably also atomized.

Der Gasstrom des aus dem Düsenkopf 2 austretenden und die Tröpfchen transportierenden Prozessgases, im folgenden vereinfachen Hauptgasrichtung genannt, ist quer zur Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte angeordnet.The gas flow of the emerging from the nozzle head 2 and the droplets transporting process gas, hereinafter referred to simplify main gas direction, is arranged transversely to the main transport direction of the wires.

Damit sich der Lichtbogen zwischen den Enden der Drähte bildet, sind die beiden Drähte nach den Brennerrohren 3 austrittsseitig aufeinander zu geführt. Die Zuführung erfolgt durch eine Biegung der Drähte um eine erste, quer zur Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte stehende Achse.In order for the arc to form between the ends of the wires, the two wires to the burner tubes 3 are led towards each other on the outlet side. The feeding takes place by a bending of the wires about a first axis which is transverse to the main transporting direction of the wires.

Des weiteren berühren sich die Drähte im Bereich des Gasstromes des aus dem Düsenkopf 2 austretenden Prozeßgases, wodurch sich auch der Lichtbogen der Elektroden-Drähte in diesem Bereich befindet.Furthermore, the wires in the region of the gas flow of the exiting from the nozzle head 2 process gas, whereby the arc of the electrode wires is in this area.

Die Drähte sind im Bereich der Düsenkopfes 2 außer aufeinander zu noch zusätzlich um eine zweite Achse gebogen, die sowohl zu der ersten Achse als auch zu der Haupttransportrichtung der Drähte quer angeordnet ist. Durch diese Maßnahme ist der Lichtbogen weitgehend ortsstabil zum Innenbrenner, weshalb vermutlich die Qualität der auf dem Substrat abgeschiedenen Schicht sehr gut ist.The wires are bent in addition to each other in the region of the nozzle head 2 about a second axis, which is arranged transversely to both the first axis and to the main transport direction of the wires. As a result of this measure, the arc is largely stationary with respect to the internal burner, which is probably why the quality of the layer deposited on the substrate is very good.

Insgesamt sind die Drähte also außer aufeinander zu noch zusätzlich in Richtung der Hauptgasrichtung gebogen. Der spitze Winkel zwischen der Hauptgasrichtung und der brennpunktnahen Drahttransportrichtung beträgt lichtbogennah sinnvollerweise zwischen 0° bis 30°, vorzugsweise zwischen 20° und 1° und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 10° und 1 °.Overall, therefore, the wires are also bent in addition to each other in addition in the direction of the main gas direction. The acute angle between the main gas direction and the focal point near wire transport direction is close to the arc usefully between 0 ° to 30 °, preferably between 20 ° and 1 ° and more preferably between 10 ° and 1 °.

Damit der im Einsatz notwendige ständige Transport der Drähte mit möglichst geringer Kraft vorgenommen werden kann, erfolgt zumindest die zusätzliche Biegung der Drähte mit einer weichen Krümmung in Richtung der Hauptgasrichtung des ausgetretenen Prozeßgases.So that the necessary in use permanent transport of the wires can be made with the least possible force occurs at least the additional bending of the wires with a soft curvature in the direction of the main gas direction of the leaked process gas.

Der Innenbrenner ist als geschlossener Brenner ausgebildet und weist eine Düse 4 auf. Der Lichtbogen (Brennpunkt) ist im Bereich der Öffnung der Düse, vorzugsweise strömungsseitig vor dem Austritt des Gasstroms aus der Düse 4, angeordnet.The internal burner is designed as a closed burner and has a nozzle 4. The arc (focal point) is arranged in the region of the opening of the nozzle, preferably on the flow side before the exit of the gas stream from the nozzle 4.

In günstiger Weise wird der Tröpfchenstrom durch die Düse 4 in der Weise geformt, daß der durch die Öffnung aus der Düse 4 austretende Gas-/Materialstrom einen Aufweitwinkel zwischen 10° und 45°, vorzugsweise zwischen 15° und 30° aufweist.Conveniently, the stream of droplets through the nozzle 4 is formed in such a way that the gas / material flow emerging through the opening from the nozzle 4 has an expansion angle between 10 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 30 °.

Zur Formung des Gas-/Materialstromes sind in der Düse 4 neben der Hauptöffnung noch mehrere Nebenöffnungen angeordnet, die insbesondere in Form von vorzugsweise konischen Bohrungen und/oder als Ringspalte ausgebildet sind.. Die Nebenöffnungen sind insbesondere konzentrisch um die Hauptöffnung angeordnet, wobei und daß die lichte Weite der Nebenöffnungen geringer als die der Hauptöffnung ist.For forming the gas / material flow, several secondary openings are arranged in the nozzle 4 in addition to the main opening, which are designed in particular in the form of preferably conical bores and / or as annular gaps. The secondary openings are in particular arranged concentrically around the main opening, wherein and the clear width of the secondary openings is less than that of the main opening.

Die (Form-) Gasversorgung der Nebenöffnungen kann dadurch erfolgen, daß aus dem Gasstrom der Hauptöffnung ein Teilgasstrom abgezweigt wird. Ein größere Variabilität kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß die Nebenöffnungen mit einem anderen Druck Gas als die Hauptöffnung versorgt werden.The (form) gas supply to the secondary openings can be effected by diverting a partial gas stream from the gas stream of the main opening. Greater variability can be achieved by providing the side openings with a different pressure of gas than the main opening.

Dies kann außer einer Drucksteuerung des abgezweigten Teilgasstromes noch dadurch erreicht werden, daß die Gasversorgung der Nebenöffnungen getrennt von der Gasversorgung der Hauptöffnung vorgenommen wird.This can be achieved in addition to a pressure control of the diverted partial gas flow by the fact that the gas supply of the secondary openings is made separately from the gas supply to the main opening.

Zu den oben genannten Maßnahmen kann es ferner von Vorteil sein, wenn noch ein Brenn- und/oder Inertgas in Richtung des Brennpunktes eingeblasen wird, womit bspw. eine Erhöhung der Temperatur des Plasmas und/oder eine Abschirmung der aufgeschmolzenen Materialien verbunden wäre. Sinnvollerweise werden diese Gase strömungsähnlich oder strömungsgleich zur Hauptstromrichtung eingeblasen.In addition to the abovementioned measures, it may also be advantageous if a combustion and / or inert gas is still blown in the direction of the focal point, thus, for example, an increase in the temperature of the plasma and / or a shielding of the melted Materials would be connected. It makes sense to blow these gases in a flow-like manner or flow-equal to the main flow direction.

Des weiteren können auch noch weitere Materialien wie Trockenschmiermittel, Hartstoffe usw., vorzugsweise in Pulverform, in Richtung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche eingebracht werden. Hierbei ist es zumeist sinnvoll, diese Materialien ebenfalls durch den Brennpunkt zu leiten.. Die Zuführung erfolgt in diesem Fall vorteilhafter Weise durch einen Transportkanal, dessen Öffnung brennpunktnah im Bereich der Hauptdüsenöffnung angeordnet ist.Furthermore, other materials such as dry lubricants, hard materials, etc., preferably in powder form, can be introduced in the direction of the surface to be coated. In this case, it is usually useful to also guide these materials through the focal point. In this case, the feed advantageously takes place through a transport channel whose opening is arranged near the combustion point in the region of the main nozzle opening.

Claims (6)

  1. Inner torch for the electric-arc spraying of cavities, in particular cylinder contact surfaces, having at least two torch tubes for heating electrodes, which electrodes are provided for melting purposes and are designed as wires which can be burnt away in an electric arc, and also having a gas feed for a process gas which is provided for transporting and spraying the molten wire material in the direction of the cavity surface which is to be coated, it being the case that the wires are guided towards one another, by way of the torch tubes, at the outlet and in the region of the electric arc, that the electric arc of the electrode wires, which is arranged in the contact region of the wires, is arranged in the region of the flow of the discharged process gas and that the flow of the discharged process gas, referred to as the main gas direction for the sake of simplicity hereinbelow, is arranged transversely to the main transporting direction of the wires, that, in addition to being bent towards one another, the wires are additionally also bent transversely to the main transporting direction, and that, in the vicinity of the electric arc, the wires enclose an acute angle with the main gas direction,
    characterized in that
    the inner torch is a closed torch, in that the inner torch has a nozzle (4) for the gas/material flow passing out, in that the electric arc (burning point) is arranged in the region of the opening of the nozzle (4), preferably upstream of the location where the gas flow is discharged from the nozzle (4), in that the acute angle between the main gas flow direction and the wire transporting direction in the vicinity of the burning point is between 20° and 1°, preferably between 10° and 1°, and in that the gas/material flow passing out of the nozzle (4) through the opening has a spreading angle between 10° and 45°, preferably between 15° and 30°.
  2. Inner torch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the additional bending has gentle curvature in the direction of the main gas direction of the discharged process gas.
  3. Inner torch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (4) has a main opening and a plurality of secondary openings arranged, in particular, concentrically around the main opening, and in that the inside width of the secondary openings is smaller than that of the main opening.
  4. Inner torch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the gas flow from the secondary openings is branched off from the gas flow from the main opening.
  5. Inner torch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the gas supply to the secondary openings is separate from the gas supply to the main opening.
  6. Inner torch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the secondary openings are supplied with a different pressure and/or a different gas from the main opening.
EP02003519A 2001-03-10 2002-02-15 Internal burner Expired - Lifetime EP1238711B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10111565A DE10111565C5 (en) 2001-03-10 2001-03-10 internal burner
DE10111565 2001-03-10

Publications (3)

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EP1238711A2 EP1238711A2 (en) 2002-09-11
EP1238711A3 EP1238711A3 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1238711B1 true EP1238711B1 (en) 2008-11-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02003519A Expired - Lifetime EP1238711B1 (en) 2001-03-10 2002-02-15 Internal burner

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US (1) US6667460B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1238711B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3496012B2 (en)
DE (2) DE10111565C5 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017120397A1 (en) 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Apparatus and method for electric arc wire spraying
DE102019005421A1 (en) 2019-08-01 2020-08-06 Daimler Ag Process for protecting sprayed surface coatings

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US6924007B2 (en) * 2003-05-13 2005-08-02 James Browning HVOF wire spray system
DE102008004607A1 (en) 2008-01-16 2009-05-28 Daimler Ag Electric arc wire burner, particularly inner burner, for electric arc wire spraying of workpieces, has gas supply for supplying gas flow in direction to electric arc, where gas supply has jet arrangement and gas channel
DE102008008169A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Daimler Ag Internal burner for electric wire spraying
EP2468914B1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2016-09-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for arc spraying
DE102011120539B4 (en) 2011-12-08 2020-10-29 Daimler Ag Method for testing a thermal coating system
DE102012014665A1 (en) 2012-07-25 2013-01-31 Daimler Ag Electric arc spraying burner for coating surfaces of cylinder of engine, has deflecting element to deflect process gas from gas supply direction into main gas direction for atomization and transport of molten material

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US4624410A (en) * 1982-10-18 1986-11-25 Rogers Frank S Lead cable and spray head for arc metal spray apparatus
FR2681538B1 (en) * 1991-09-19 1995-03-24 Air Liquide METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FORMING A DEPOSITION BY SPRAYING A SUPPLY MATERIAL ON A SUBSTRATE.
US5468295A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-11-21 Flame-Spray Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for thermal spray coating interior surfaces
US5622753A (en) * 1996-04-08 1997-04-22 Ford Motor Company Method of preparing and coating aluminum bore surfaces
WO1999011383A1 (en) * 1997-09-04 1999-03-11 International Metalizing Corporation Twin wire electric arc metalizing device
DE19841617A1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-23 Daimler Chrysler Ag Apparatus for thermally coating the inner walls of e.g. car cylinder bores has a hollow wire electric arc inner burner having a burner head with two wires extending from the feeding mechanism
US6076742A (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-06-20 Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. Arc thermal spray gun extension with conical spray

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017120397A1 (en) 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Apparatus and method for electric arc wire spraying
WO2019048431A1 (en) 2017-09-05 2019-03-14 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Device and method for electric arc wire spraying
DE102019005421A1 (en) 2019-08-01 2020-08-06 Daimler Ag Process for protecting sprayed surface coatings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10111565C5 (en) 2005-07-21
DE10111565C2 (en) 2003-01-30
JP3496012B2 (en) 2004-02-09
US20020130109A1 (en) 2002-09-19
DE50212998D1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP1238711A3 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1238711A2 (en) 2002-09-11
US6667460B2 (en) 2003-12-23
DE10111565A1 (en) 2002-09-26
JP2002322552A (en) 2002-11-08

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