EP1237169A1 - High voltage circuir breaker with spring actuator with an additional energy recuperating spring - Google Patents

High voltage circuir breaker with spring actuator with an additional energy recuperating spring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1237169A1
EP1237169A1 EP02290446A EP02290446A EP1237169A1 EP 1237169 A1 EP1237169 A1 EP 1237169A1 EP 02290446 A EP02290446 A EP 02290446A EP 02290446 A EP02290446 A EP 02290446A EP 1237169 A1 EP1237169 A1 EP 1237169A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
circuit breaker
lever
additional
movable contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02290446A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1237169B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Spiegel
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Alstom SA
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Publication of EP1237169A1 publication Critical patent/EP1237169A1/en
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Publication of EP1237169B1 publication Critical patent/EP1237169B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3084—Kinetic energy of moving parts recuperated by transformation into potential energy in closing or opening spring to be used in next operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high voltage electric circuit breaker, such than a self-blowing and compressed gas circuit breaker, comprising a breaking chamber with at least one movable contact in the chamber which is actuated by means of a mechanical spring control for open or close the circuit breaker, the control including at least one first spring exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to open the circuit breaker and a second spring exerting a tending force move the movable contact to close the circuit breaker while arming the first spring, and in which an additional spring is provided for exert an additional force which accumulates with the force exerted by the first spring at the start of circuit breaker opening.
  • An object of the invention is to propose a particular arrangement a circuit breaker as defined above, which does not require energy additional to arm the additional spring when closing.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an arrangement particular of such a circuit breaker which also makes it possible to recover and store some of the kinetic energy of the moving contact at the end opening or closing, to use it respectively at the start of a subsequent closing or opening operation.
  • the invention relates to an electric circuit breaker comprising a switching chamber with at least one movable contact in the chamber which is actuated by means of a mechanical control with springs to open or close the circuit breaker, the control including minus a first spring exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to open the circuit breaker and a second operating spring a force tending to move the movable contact to close the circuit breaker while arming the first spring, and in which an additional spring is intended to exert additional force which is added to the force exerted by the first spring at the start of the opening of the circuit breaker, characterized in that the additional spring is mounted in such a way that before the breaker opens, the result of the force exerted by the additional spring to move the movable contact reverses to oppose the movement of the movable contact.
  • the additional spring is armed by the displacement of the movable contact and it is therefore not necessary to use part of the energy of the second spring of the command to reset the additional spring when closing the breaker.
  • the movable contact moving essentially due to its own kinetic energy at the end of opening, the additional spring can serve to recover and store part of this kinetic energy which otherwise is conventionally consumed in a damping device.
  • the control comprises a rotary shaft coupled in motion in moving contact and rotated alternately by the first or the second spring.
  • the additional spring is coupled to the rotating shaft by means of a lever fixed to the shaft and occupying two positions extreme angles corresponding to the positions of the movable contact when the circuit breaker is respectively open or closed.
  • Strength exerted by the additional spring on the lever is oriented in such a way that its rotational component changes direction when the lever passes by an intermediate angular position by moving from one position extreme angular towards the other extreme angular position. So the lever works like a pendulum with the additional spring.
  • the result of the force exerted by the additional spring is cumulates that of the force exerted by the first spring, which tends to accelerate the speed of movement of the moving contact.
  • the result of the force exerted by the additional spring is accumulates that of the force exerted by the second spring, so that it is possible to decrease the energy of the control needed to switch on the circuit breaker.
  • the additional spring is coupled to the lever via a return pulley which allows to have the additional spring proximity to the circuit breaker breaking chamber to reduce the size of the circuit breaker.
  • This additional spring is preferably always armed in compression.
  • the lever connected to the additional spring is a lever in the form of triangle having a vertex merging with the rotating shaft, two others vertices being respectively coupled to the movable contact and to the spring additional.
  • circuit breaker An embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention is described below in more detail and illustrated in the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically represents a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.
  • FIG. 2 very schematically represents the circuit breaker of the Figure 1 but in the open position.
  • the reference 1 designates a breaking of a circuit breaker, for example a self-blowing breaking chamber and reduced gas compression of an electric circuit breaker.
  • the interrupting chamber is generally filled with a dielectric gas under a pressure of a few bars, like SF6.
  • Reference 2 designates a movable mounted contact, for example in translation, in the breaking chamber.
  • This mobile contact 2 is moved by a mechanical spring control 3 to open or close the breaker.
  • the command 3 comprises in particular a main rotary shaft 4 on which is fixed a drive lever 5 which is coupled to the movable contact 2 by a articulated mechanical connection 6 so that the rotational movement of the shaft 4 and therefore of the lever 5 is transformed for example into a translational movement of the movable contact 2 in the chamber 1.
  • Reference 7 designates the trigger spring of the command 3 used to open the circuit breaker.
  • Spring 7 works on the shaft 4 by means of a lever 8 integral with the shaft 4 and a chain 9 stretched between the free end of the lever 8 and the spring 7.
  • the spring 7 In closed position of the circuit breaker, as shown in figure 1, the spring 7 is armed and exerts a restoring torque on the lever 8 tending to rotate the shaft 4 in the direction indicated by the arrow O.
  • a CO release trigger is provided to block the rotation of the shaft 4 when the circuit breaker is closed. After an order opening of the circuit breaker, this CO ratchet is unlocked, which causes the shaft 4 to rotate and the angular displacement of the lever 5, displacement which is transformed by link 6 into a movement of translation of the moving contact 2.
  • the mechanical control 3 also includes a system for closing of the circuit breaker, which in particular comprises a spring 10 working on an engagement shaft 11 by means of a wheel with crank 12 secured to the shaft 11.
  • This crank wheel 12 is a toothed wheel which comprises a crank pin 13 connected by a chain 14 with spring 10. It is here coupled to an electric motor 15 via a gear train 16, the motor 15 serving to arm spring 10 after closing the circuit breaker.
  • Tree 11 bears an engagement cam 17 on which a lever comes to engage roller 18 secured to the shaft 4.
  • a pawl lockable release CF is provided to block the rotation of the engagement shaft 11.
  • this CF ratchet is unlocked, which causes the shaft 11 to rotate and the angular displacement of the cam 17 in the direction of the arrow F.
  • the rotational movement of the cam 17 is transmitted to the roller lever 18, which causes the rotation of the shaft 4 in the opposite direction to the arrow O.
  • the spring 7, which was relaxed in the open position of the circuit breaker, is new armed when closing the circuit breaker due to rotation of tree 4.
  • the circuit breaker is then closed and the rotation of the shaft 4 is blocked by the CO trigger pawl.
  • the spring 10 is then put back under tension using the motor 15 and the rotation of the shaft 11 is blocked by the CF catch pawl.
  • the position of control 3 is then that of FIG. 1. In this position, the command 3 is ready for a circuit breaker opening opening closing sequence.
  • spring 7 relaxes and exerts a restoring force rotating the shaft 4 in the direction indicated by the arrow O which causes movement of the movable contact 2 leading to opening complete with circuit breaker.
  • Kinetic energy of the remaining mobile contact available at the end of opening is consumed in a damper 19 coupled to the shaft 4.
  • the circuit breaker is closed by unlocking the pawl CF, which causes the spring 10 to relax and causes the rotation of the shaft 11 in the direction of the arrow F.
  • the rotational movement of the shaft 11 is transmitted to the shaft 4 via the cam 17 and the lever 18, but in opposite direction, which simultaneously causes the contact to move mobile 2 to a fully closed position of the circuit breaker and the tensioning of the spring 7 via the lever 8.
  • the spring 10 is then re-energized using the motor 15 as indicated above.
  • an additional spring 20 is coupled to the shaft 4 to exert on the latter a couple of recall contributing on the one hand to displacement of the movable contact at the start of opening of the circuit breaker and on the other hand to the slowing down of this displacement at the end of opening.
  • the spring 20 is coupled to the shaft 4 via the lever 5 which is here a triangle-shaped lever having a vertex confused with the tree 4 and two other vertices respectively coupled with movable contact 2 and additional spring 20.
  • the apex P of the lever 5 coupled to the spring 20 occupies two extreme angular positions corresponding respectively to the two positions of movable contact 2 when the circuit breaker is completely closed or fully open.
  • the additional spring 20 is armed to the maximum.
  • the extreme angular position of the lever 5 corresponding to complete closing of the circuit breaker is indicated by the reference E1 while the other extreme angular position of the lever 5 corresponding to the full opening of the circuit breaker is indicated by the reference E0 in FIG. 2.
  • the angular travel of the lever 5 and therefore from the vertex P is about 60 °.
  • the force vector exerted by the spring always has the same direction since the spring 20 is always armed either in compression either in tension.
  • the spring 20 is always more or less armed in compression.
  • the strength exerted by the spring 20 always has the same meaning, the result of this force exerts a torque on the shaft 4 and changes direction between the extreme positions E1 and E0. Indeed, there is an angular position intermediate I, also called neutral position, for which the resulting or rotational component of the force exerted by the spring 20 on lever 5 is canceled to change direction when lever 5 is moved from one extreme angular position to the other angular position extreme.
  • the spring 20 When the lever 5 moves from the extreme angular position to the other extreme position, during an opening or closing phase, the spring 20 first relaxes until lever 5 passes through its intermediate angular position PM. During this first trip angle of the lever 5, the restoring torque exerted by the spring 20 on the rotary shaft 4 is added to that exerted by the spring 7 on this same shaft 4, and contributes to driving the shaft 4 in rotation. After crossing by the lever 5 from its neutral position, the spring 20 is gradually armed since the return torque which it exerts on the lever 5 is reversed. The spring 20 then opposes the angular movement of the lever 5 and therefore the moving the moving contact 2.
  • the intermediate angular position of the lever 5 is chosen such that so that during its displacement from its angular position intermediate PM towards its extreme angular position E0 during a phase opening of the circuit breaker, spring 2 accumulates and stores part of kinetic energy of the moving contact which is normally consumed in the damper 19 at the end of opening.
  • the energy stored in the spring 20 at the end of the opening is returned at the start of the subsequent closure and is added to that provided by spring 10 for drive the shaft 4 in rotation.
  • the energy stored by the spring 20 at the end of closing is returned at the start of the phase subsequent opening and is added to that provided by spring 7 for drive the shaft 4 in rotation.
  • the additional spring 20 is armed at its maximum at the end of each opening or closing operation, thanks kinetic energy of the moving contact 2.
  • the spring 20 is adequately calibrated against release springs 7 and interlock 10 so that it can be armed until the lever 5 occupies an extreme angular position.
  • the spring 20 is disposed inside the mechanical control 3, and is coupled to lever 5 by a chain engaged on a return pulley 21. Such an arrangement allows place the spring 20 near the breaking chamber to decrease the size of the circuit breaker.
  • Lever 5 can also be coupled to spring 20 by an articulated connection.

Abstract

The circuit breaker has a chamber (1) with a moving contact driven by a spring control (3) opening or closing the switch. A first spring (7) opens the contact, whilst a second spring (10) closes the contact arming the first spring. There is an additional spring (20) providing a supplementary opening force. The additional spring has an inverter activated before the end of the opening cycle, opposing contact movement and storing energy in the spring for the next cycle.

Description

L'invention porte sur un disjoncteur électrique haute tension, tel qu'un disjoncteur à auto-soufflage et à gaz comprimé, comprenant une chambre de coupure avec au moins un contact mobile dans la chambre qui est actionné au moyen d'une commande mécanique à ressorts pour ouvrir ou fermer le disjoncteur, la commande incluant au moins un premier ressort exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour ouvrir le disjoncteur et un second ressort exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour fermer le disjoncteur tout en armant le premier ressort, et dans lequel un ressort additionnel est prévu pour exercer une force supplémentaire qui se cumule à la force exercée par le premier ressort au début de l'ouverture du disjoncteur.The invention relates to a high voltage electric circuit breaker, such than a self-blowing and compressed gas circuit breaker, comprising a breaking chamber with at least one movable contact in the chamber which is actuated by means of a mechanical spring control for open or close the circuit breaker, the control including at least one first spring exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to open the circuit breaker and a second spring exerting a tending force move the movable contact to close the circuit breaker while arming the first spring, and in which an additional spring is provided for exert an additional force which accumulates with the force exerted by the first spring at the start of circuit breaker opening.

Un tel disjoncteur est déjà connu du brevet US-4228333. Dans le dispositif de commande de ce disjoncteur, le ressort additionnel contribue à augmenter la vitesse de déplacement du contact mobile au début de l'ouverture. Ce ressort additionnel cesse d'exercer la force supplémentaire quand le contact mobile s'est déplacé d'une certaine distance lors de sa course d'ouverture, de façon à ne pas gêner le ralentissement du contact mobile en fin d'ouverture. Mais cette disposition du ressort additionnel nécessite de fournir une plus grande énergie au second ressort pour assurer la fermeture du disjoncteur, du fait qu'il doit non seulement armer le premier ressort mais aussi le ressort additionnel.Such a circuit breaker is already known from patent US-4228333. In the control device for this circuit breaker, the additional spring contributes increase the speed of movement of the movable contact at the start of the opening. This additional spring ceases to exert force extra when the mobile contact has moved a certain distance during its opening stroke, so as not to hinder the slowing down of mobile contact at the end of opening. But this provision of additional spring requires providing greater energy to the second spring to ensure the closing of the circuit breaker, makes it necessary not only to arm the first spring but also the spring additional.

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une disposition particulière d'un disjoncteur tel que défini plus haut, qui ne nécessite pas d'énergie supplémentaire pour armer le ressort additionnel lors de la fermeture.An object of the invention is to propose a particular arrangement a circuit breaker as defined above, which does not require energy additional to arm the additional spring when closing.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer une disposition particulière d'un tel disjoncteur qui permet en outre de récupérer et stocker une partie de l'énergie cinétique du contact mobile en fin d'ouverture ou de fermeture, pour l'utiliser respectivement en début d'une opération subséquente de fermeture ou d'ouverture.Another object of the invention is to propose an arrangement particular of such a circuit breaker which also makes it possible to recover and store some of the kinetic energy of the moving contact at the end opening or closing, to use it respectively at the start of a subsequent closing or opening operation.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un disjoncteur électrique comprenant une chambre de coupure avec au moins un contact mobile dans la chambre qui est actionné au moyen d'une commande mécanique à ressorts pour ouvrir ou fermer le disjoncteur, la commande incluant au moins un premier ressort exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour ouvrir le disjoncteur et un second ressort exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour fermer le disjoncteur tout en armant le premier ressort, et dans lequel un ressort additionnel est prévu pour exercer une force supplémentaire qui se cumule à la force exercée par le premier ressort au début de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, caractérisé en ce que le ressort additionnel est monté de telle façon qu'avant la fin de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, la résultante de la force exercée par le ressort additionnel pour déplacer le contact mobile s'inverse pour s'opposer au déplacement du contact mobile.To this end, the invention relates to an electric circuit breaker comprising a switching chamber with at least one movable contact in the chamber which is actuated by means of a mechanical control with springs to open or close the circuit breaker, the control including minus a first spring exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to open the circuit breaker and a second operating spring a force tending to move the movable contact to close the circuit breaker while arming the first spring, and in which an additional spring is intended to exert additional force which is added to the force exerted by the first spring at the start of the opening of the circuit breaker, characterized in that the additional spring is mounted in such a way that before the breaker opens, the result of the force exerted by the additional spring to move the movable contact reverses to oppose the movement of the movable contact.

Ainsi, en fin d'ouverture du disjoncteur, le ressort additionnel est armé par le déplacement du contact mobile et il n'est donc pas nécessaire d'utiliser une partie de l'énergie du second ressort de la commande pour réarmer le ressort additionnel lors de la fermeture du disjoncteur. Le contact mobile se déplaçant essentiellement du fait de sa propre énergie cinétique en fin d'ouverture, le ressort additionnel peut servir à récupérer et stocker une partie de cette énergie cinétique qui autrement est consommée classiquement dans un dispositif amortisseur.Thus, at the end of opening of the circuit breaker, the additional spring is armed by the displacement of the movable contact and it is therefore not necessary to use part of the energy of the second spring of the command to reset the additional spring when closing the breaker. The movable contact moving essentially due to its own kinetic energy at the end of opening, the additional spring can serve to recover and store part of this kinetic energy which otherwise is conventionally consumed in a damping device.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du disjoncteur selon l'invention, la commande comprend un arbre rotatif couplé en mouvement au contact mobile et entraíné en rotation alternativement par le premier ou le second ressort. Le ressort additionnel est accouplé à l'arbre rotatif par l'intermédiaire d'un levier fixé à l'arbre et occupant deux positions angulaires extrêmes correspondant aux positions du contact mobile quand le disjoncteur est respectivement ouvert ou fermé. La force exercée par le ressort additionnel sur le levier est orientée de telle façon que sa composante rotationnelle change de sens quand le levier passe par une position angulaire intermédiaire en se déplaçant d'une position angulaire extrême vers l'autre position angulaire extrême. Ainsi, le levier fonctionne comme un pendule avec le ressort additionnel. Au début de l'ouverture, la résultante de la force exercée par le ressort additionnel se cumule à celle de la force exercée par le premier ressort, ce qui tend à accélérer la vitesse de déplacement du contact mobile. Au début de la fermeture, la résultante de la force exercée par le ressort additionnel se cumule à celle de la force exercée par le second ressort, de sorte qu'il est possible de diminuer l'énergie de la commande nécessaire pour enclencher le disjoncteur.In a particular embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the control comprises a rotary shaft coupled in motion in moving contact and rotated alternately by the first or the second spring. The additional spring is coupled to the rotating shaft by means of a lever fixed to the shaft and occupying two positions extreme angles corresponding to the positions of the movable contact when the circuit breaker is respectively open or closed. Strength exerted by the additional spring on the lever is oriented in such a way that its rotational component changes direction when the lever passes by an intermediate angular position by moving from one position extreme angular towards the other extreme angular position. So the lever works like a pendulum with the additional spring. At the beginning of opening, the result of the force exerted by the additional spring is cumulates that of the force exerted by the first spring, which tends to accelerate the speed of movement of the moving contact. At the start of the closure, the result of the force exerted by the additional spring is accumulates that of the force exerted by the second spring, so that it is possible to decrease the energy of the control needed to switch on the circuit breaker.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du disjoncteur selon l'invention, le ressort additionnel est couplé au levier par l'intermédiaire d'une poulie de renvoi ce qui permet de disposer le ressort additionnel à proximité de la chambre de coupure du disjoncteur pour diminuer l'encombrement du disjoncteur. Ce ressort additionnel est préférablement armé toujours en compression. In a particular embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the additional spring is coupled to the lever via a return pulley which allows to have the additional spring proximity to the circuit breaker breaking chamber to reduce the size of the circuit breaker. This additional spring is preferably always armed in compression.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du disjoncteur selon l'invention, le levier relié au ressort additionnel est un levier en forme de triangle ayant un sommet confondu avec l'arbre rotatif, deux autres sommets étant respectivement couplés au contact mobile et au ressort additionnel.In a particular embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the lever connected to the additional spring is a lever in the form of triangle having a vertex merging with the rotating shaft, two others vertices being respectively coupled to the movable contact and to the spring additional.

Un exemple de réalisation du disjoncteur selon l'invention est décrit ci-après plus en détails et illustré sur les dessins.An embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention is described below in more detail and illustrated in the drawings.

La figure 1 représente très schématiquement un disjoncteur selon l'invention en position de fermeture.FIG. 1 very schematically represents a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.

La figure 2 représente très schématiquement le disjoncteur de la figure 1 mais en position d'ouverture.FIG. 2 very schematically represents the circuit breaker of the Figure 1 but in the open position.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, la référence 1 désigne une chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur, par exemple une chambre de coupure à auto-soufflage et à compression de gaz réduite d'un disjoncteur électrique. La chambre de coupure est généralement remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous une pression de quelques bars, comme du SF6.In Figures 1 and 2, the reference 1 designates a breaking of a circuit breaker, for example a self-blowing breaking chamber and reduced gas compression of an electric circuit breaker. The interrupting chamber is generally filled with a dielectric gas under a pressure of a few bars, like SF6.

La référence 2 désigne un contact monté mobile, par exemple en translation, dans la chambre de coupure. Ce contact mobile 2 est déplacé par une commande mécanique 3 à ressorts pour ouvrir ou fermer le disjoncteur. Dans l'exemple illustré sur les figures, la commande 3 comprend notamment un arbre rotatif principal 4 sur lequel est fixé un levier d'entraínement 5 qui est accouplé au contact mobile 2 par une liaison mécanique articulée 6 de sorte que le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre 4 et donc du levier 5 est transformé par exemple en un mouvement de translation du contact mobile 2 dans la chambre 1.Reference 2 designates a movable mounted contact, for example in translation, in the breaking chamber. This mobile contact 2 is moved by a mechanical spring control 3 to open or close the breaker. In the example illustrated in the figures, the command 3 comprises in particular a main rotary shaft 4 on which is fixed a drive lever 5 which is coupled to the movable contact 2 by a articulated mechanical connection 6 so that the rotational movement of the shaft 4 and therefore of the lever 5 is transformed for example into a translational movement of the movable contact 2 in the chamber 1.

La référence 7 désigne le ressort de déclenchement de la commande 3 servant à ouvrir le disjoncteur. Le ressort 7 travaille sur l'arbre 4 par l'intermédiaire d'un levier 8 solidaire de l'arbre 4 et d'une chaíne 9 tendue entre l'extrémité libre du levier 8 et le ressort 7. En position de fermeture du disjoncteur, comme représenté à la figure 1, le ressort 7 est armé et exerce un couple de rappel sur le levier 8 tendant à entraíner en rotation l'arbre 4 dans le sens indiqué par la flèche O. Un cliquet de déclenchement dévérouillable CO est prévu pour bloquer la rotation de l'arbre 4 quand le disjoncteur est fermé. Après un ordre d'ouverture du disjoncteur, ce cliquet CO est déverrouillé, ce qui provoque la rotation de l'arbre 4 et le déplacement angulaire du levier 5, déplacement qui est transformé par la liaison 6 en un mouvement de translation du contact mobile 2. Reference 7 designates the trigger spring of the command 3 used to open the circuit breaker. Spring 7 works on the shaft 4 by means of a lever 8 integral with the shaft 4 and a chain 9 stretched between the free end of the lever 8 and the spring 7. In closed position of the circuit breaker, as shown in figure 1, the spring 7 is armed and exerts a restoring torque on the lever 8 tending to rotate the shaft 4 in the direction indicated by the arrow O. A CO release trigger is provided to block the rotation of the shaft 4 when the circuit breaker is closed. After an order opening of the circuit breaker, this CO ratchet is unlocked, which causes the shaft 4 to rotate and the angular displacement of the lever 5, displacement which is transformed by link 6 into a movement of translation of the moving contact 2.

La commande mécanique 3 comprend en outre un système pour la fermeture du disjoncteur, qui comporte notamment un ressort 10 travaillant sur un arbre d'enclenchement 11 par l'intermédiaire d'une roue à manivelle 12 solidaire de l'arbre 11. Cette roue à manivelle 12 est une roue dentée qui comporte un maneton de manivelle 13 relié par une chaíne 14 au ressort 10. Elle est ici couplée à un moteur électrique 15 par l'intermédiaire d'un train d'engrenages 16, le moteur 15 servant à armer le ressort 10 après la fermeture du disjoncteur. L'arbre 11 porte une came d'enclenchement 17 sur laquelle vient s'engager un levier à galet 18 solidaire de l'arbre 4. Quand le ressort d'enclenchement 10 est armé, il exerce une force de rappel sur la roue 12 tendant à entraíner en rotation l'arbre 11 dans le sens indiqué par la flèche F. Un cliquet d'enclenchement déverrouillable CF est prévu pour bloquer la rotation de l'arbre d'enclenchement 11. Après un ordre de fermeture du disjoncteur, à partir d'une position d'ouverture telle que représentée à la figure 2, ce cliquet CF est déverrouillé, ce qui provoque la rotation de l'arbre 11 et le déplacement angulaire de la came 17 dans le sens de la flèche F. Le mouvement de rotation de la came 17 est transmis au levier à galet 18, ce qui provoque la rotation de l'arbre 4 en sens inverse de la flèche O. Le ressort 7, qui était détendu en position d'ouverture du disjoncteur, est à nouveau armé lors de la fermeture du disjoncteur du fait de la rotation de l'arbre 4.The mechanical control 3 also includes a system for closing of the circuit breaker, which in particular comprises a spring 10 working on an engagement shaft 11 by means of a wheel with crank 12 secured to the shaft 11. This crank wheel 12 is a toothed wheel which comprises a crank pin 13 connected by a chain 14 with spring 10. It is here coupled to an electric motor 15 via a gear train 16, the motor 15 serving to arm spring 10 after closing the circuit breaker. Tree 11 bears an engagement cam 17 on which a lever comes to engage roller 18 secured to the shaft 4. When the engagement spring 10 is armed, it exerts a restoring force on the wheel 12 tending to drive in rotation of the shaft 11 in the direction indicated by the arrow F. A pawl lockable release CF is provided to block the rotation of the engagement shaft 11. After an order to close the circuit breaker, from an open position as shown in Figure 2, this CF ratchet is unlocked, which causes the shaft 11 to rotate and the angular displacement of the cam 17 in the direction of the arrow F. The rotational movement of the cam 17 is transmitted to the roller lever 18, which causes the rotation of the shaft 4 in the opposite direction to the arrow O. The spring 7, which was relaxed in the open position of the circuit breaker, is new armed when closing the circuit breaker due to rotation of tree 4.

En position initiale de la commande mécanique à ressorts, les deux ressorts 7 et 10 sont détendus et le disjoncteur est ouvert. Une rotation de la roue 12 entraínée par le moteur 15 selon la direction indiquée par la flèche F provoque la mise en tension du ressort 10 de sorte que la commande se trouve alors dans la position illustrée sur la figure 2. Le cliquet d'enclenchement CF est alors libéré, et le ressort 10 se détend pour exercer un couple de rappel sur l'arbre 11 qui est entraíné en rotation dans le sens indiqué par la flèche F. La rotation de l'arbre 11 entraíne la rotation de la came d'enclenchement 17, laquelle vient entraíner en rotation, dans un sens inverse à la direction O, le levier à galet 18 solidaire de l'arbre 4. La rotation de l'arbre 4 met en tension le ressort 7 et provoque un mouvement angulaire du levier 5 qui est transformé en un mouvement en translation du contact mobile 2. Le disjoncteur est alors fermé et la rotation de l'arbre 4 est bloquée par le cliquet de déclenchement CO. Le ressort 10 est ensuite remis sous tension à l'aide du moteur 15 et la rotation de l'arbre 11 est bloquée par le cliquet d'enclenchement CF. La position de la commande 3 est alors celle de la figure 1. Dans cette position, la commande 3 est prête pour une séquence d'ouverture fermeture ouverture du disjoncteur.In the initial position of the mechanical spring control, the two springs 7 and 10 are relaxed and the circuit breaker is open. A rotation of the wheel 12 driven by the motor 15 in the direction indicated by the arrow F causes the tensioning of the spring 10 so that the control is then in the position illustrated in Figure 2. The CF catch pawl is then released, and spring 10 relaxes to exercise a return torque on the shaft 11 which is driven in rotation in the direction indicated by the arrow F. The rotation of the shaft 11 causes the rotation of the engagement cam 17, which comes drive in rotation, in a direction opposite to direction O, the lever roller 18 secured to the shaft 4. The rotation of the shaft 4 puts the spring 7 and causes an angular movement of the lever 5 which is transformed into a translational movement of the movable contact 2. The circuit breaker is then closed and the rotation of the shaft 4 is blocked by the CO trigger pawl. The spring 10 is then put back under tension using the motor 15 and the rotation of the shaft 11 is blocked by the CF catch pawl. The position of control 3 is then that of FIG. 1. In this position, the command 3 is ready for a circuit breaker opening opening closing sequence.

Plus particulièrement, suite à la libération du cliquet de déclenchement CO, le ressort 7 se détend et exerce une force de rappel entraínant en rotation l'arbre 4 dans le sens indiqué par la flèche O ce qui provoque un déplacement du contact mobile 2 conduisant à l'ouverture complète du disjoncteur. L'énergie cinétique du contact mobile restant disponible en fin d'ouverture est consommée dans un amortisseur 19 couplé à l'arbre 4. Le disjoncteur est refermé en déverrouillant le cliquet CF, ce qui entraíne la détente du ressort 10 et provoque la rotation de l'arbre 11 dans le sens de la flèche F. Le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre 11 est transmis à l'arbre 4 via la came 17 et le levier 18, mais en sens inverse, ce qui provoque simultanément le déplacement du contact mobile 2 jusqu'à une position de fermeture complète du disjoncteur et la mise sous tension du ressort 7 via le levier 8. Le ressort 10 est ensuite remis sous tension à l'aide du moteur 15 comme indiqué plus haut.More particularly, following the release of the pawl CO release, spring 7 relaxes and exerts a restoring force rotating the shaft 4 in the direction indicated by the arrow O which causes movement of the movable contact 2 leading to opening complete with circuit breaker. Kinetic energy of the remaining mobile contact available at the end of opening is consumed in a damper 19 coupled to the shaft 4. The circuit breaker is closed by unlocking the pawl CF, which causes the spring 10 to relax and causes the rotation of the shaft 11 in the direction of the arrow F. The rotational movement of the shaft 11 is transmitted to the shaft 4 via the cam 17 and the lever 18, but in opposite direction, which simultaneously causes the contact to move mobile 2 to a fully closed position of the circuit breaker and the tensioning of the spring 7 via the lever 8. The spring 10 is then re-energized using the motor 15 as indicated above.

Selon l'invention, un ressort additionnel 20 est accouplé à l'arbre 4 pour exercer sur ce dernier un couple de rappel contribuant d'une part au déplacement du contact mobile en début d'ouverture du disjoncteur et d'autre part au ralentissement de ce déplacement en fin d'ouverture. En particulier, le ressort 20 est accouplé à l'arbre 4 par l'intermédiaire du levier 5 qui est ici un levier en forme de triangle ayant un sommet confondu avec l'arbre 4 et deux autres sommets respectivement couplés au contact mobile 2 et au ressort additionnel 20.According to the invention, an additional spring 20 is coupled to the shaft 4 to exert on the latter a couple of recall contributing on the one hand to displacement of the movable contact at the start of opening of the circuit breaker and on the other hand to the slowing down of this displacement at the end of opening. In in particular, the spring 20 is coupled to the shaft 4 via the lever 5 which is here a triangle-shaped lever having a vertex confused with the tree 4 and two other vertices respectively coupled with movable contact 2 and additional spring 20.

Le sommet P du levier 5 couplé au ressort 20 occupe deux positions angulaires extrêmes correspondant respectivement aux deux positions du contact mobile 2 quand le disjoncteur est complètement fermé ou complètement ouvert. Quand le levier 5 occupe l'une ou l'autre de ses deux positions angulaires extrêmes, le ressort additionnel 20 est armé au maximum. Sur la figure 1, la position angulaire extrême du levier 5 correspondant à la fermeture complète du disjoncteur est indiquée par la référence E1 tandis que l'autre position angulaire extrême du levier 5 correspondant à l'ouverture complète du disjoncteur est indiquée par la référence E0 sur la figure 2. Typiquement, la course angulaire du levier 5 et donc du sommet P est d'environ 60°. Quelle que soit la position angulaire du levier 5, le vecteur force exercé par le ressort a toujours le même sens puisque le ressort 20 est toujours armé soit en compression soit en tension. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, le ressort 20 est toujours plus ou moins armé en compression. Bien que la force exercée par le ressort 20 ait toujours le même sens, la résultante de cette force exerce un couple de rotation sur l'arbre 4 et change de sens entre les positions extrêmes E1 et E0. En effet, il existe une position angulaire intermédiaire I, aussi appelée position de point mort, pour laquelle la résultante ou composante rotationnelle de la force exercée par le ressort 20 sur le levier 5 s'annule pour changer de sens quand le levier 5 est déplacé d'une position angulaire extrême vers l'autre position angulaire extrême. Le couple de rappel exercé par le ressort 20 sur le levier 5, et donc sur l'arbre rotatif 4, s'inverse au passage de la position de point mort de telle façon que le levier 5 fonctionne comme un pendule autour de cette position. Quand le levier 5 occupe la position PM de point mort, le ressort additionnel 20 est détendu à son maximum. La force de rappel exercée par le ressort 20 sur le sommet P du levier 5 passe alors par l'axe de rotation de ce levier, c'est à dire par l'axe de l'arbre rotatif 4, comme représentée en traits pointillés sur la figure 2.The apex P of the lever 5 coupled to the spring 20 occupies two extreme angular positions corresponding respectively to the two positions of movable contact 2 when the circuit breaker is completely closed or fully open. When lever 5 occupies one or the other from its two extreme angular positions, the additional spring 20 is armed to the maximum. In Figure 1, the extreme angular position of the lever 5 corresponding to complete closing of the circuit breaker is indicated by the reference E1 while the other extreme angular position of the lever 5 corresponding to the full opening of the circuit breaker is indicated by the reference E0 in FIG. 2. Typically, the angular travel of the lever 5 and therefore from the vertex P is about 60 °. Whatever the position angle of lever 5, the force vector exerted by the spring always has the same direction since the spring 20 is always armed either in compression either in tension. In the embodiment shown, the spring 20 is always more or less armed in compression. Although the strength exerted by the spring 20 always has the same meaning, the result of this force exerts a torque on the shaft 4 and changes direction between the extreme positions E1 and E0. Indeed, there is an angular position intermediate I, also called neutral position, for which the resulting or rotational component of the force exerted by the spring 20 on lever 5 is canceled to change direction when lever 5 is moved from one extreme angular position to the other angular position extreme. The return torque exerted by the spring 20 on the lever 5, and therefore on the rotary shaft 4, reverses when passing from the point position dead so that lever 5 works like a pendulum around from this position. When the lever 5 occupies the PM neutral position, the additional spring 20 is relaxed to its maximum. The recall force exerted by the spring 20 on the top P of the lever 5 then passes through the axis of rotation of this lever, that is to say by the axis of the rotary shaft 4, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 2.

Quand le levier 5 se déplace de la position angulaire extrême à l'autre position extrême, lors d'une phase d'ouverture ou de fermeture, le ressort 20 se détend d'abord jusqu'à ce que le levier 5 passe par sa position angulaire intermédiaire PM. Pendant ce premier déplacement angulaire du levier 5, le couple de rappel exercé par le ressort 20 sur l'arbre rotatif 4 s'ajoute à celui exercé par le ressort 7 sur ce même arbre 4, et contribue à entraíner l'arbre 4 en rotation. Après franchissement par le levier 5 de sa position de point mort, le ressort 20 est progressivement armé puisque le couple de rappel qu'il exerce sur le levier 5 s'inverse. Le ressort 20 s'oppose alors au mouvement angulaire du levier 5 et donc au déplacement du contact mobile 2.When the lever 5 moves from the extreme angular position to the other extreme position, during an opening or closing phase, the spring 20 first relaxes until lever 5 passes through its intermediate angular position PM. During this first trip angle of the lever 5, the restoring torque exerted by the spring 20 on the rotary shaft 4 is added to that exerted by the spring 7 on this same shaft 4, and contributes to driving the shaft 4 in rotation. After crossing by the lever 5 from its neutral position, the spring 20 is gradually armed since the return torque which it exerts on the lever 5 is reversed. The spring 20 then opposes the angular movement of the lever 5 and therefore the moving the moving contact 2.

La position angulaire intermédiaire du levier 5 est choisie de telle façon que pendant son déplacement de sa position angulaire intermédiaire PM vers sa position angulaire extrême E0 lors d'une phase d'ouverture du disjoncteur, le ressort 2 accumule et stocke une partie de l'énergie cinétique du contact mobile qui est normalement consommée dans l'amortisseur 19 en fin d'ouverture. L'énergie stockée dans le ressort 20 en fin d'ouverture est restituée au début de la phase de fermeture subséquente et s'ajoute à celle fournie par le ressort 10 pour entraíner l'arbre 4 en rotation. Inversement, l'énergie stockée par le ressort 20 en fin de fermeture est restituée au début de la phase d'ouverture subséquente et s'ajoute à celle fournie par le ressort 7 pour entraíner l'arbre 4 en rotation. The intermediate angular position of the lever 5 is chosen such that so that during its displacement from its angular position intermediate PM towards its extreme angular position E0 during a phase opening of the circuit breaker, spring 2 accumulates and stores part of kinetic energy of the moving contact which is normally consumed in the damper 19 at the end of opening. The energy stored in the spring 20 at the end of the opening is returned at the start of the subsequent closure and is added to that provided by spring 10 for drive the shaft 4 in rotation. Conversely, the energy stored by the spring 20 at the end of closing is returned at the start of the phase subsequent opening and is added to that provided by spring 7 for drive the shaft 4 in rotation.

Avec cette construction, le ressort additionnel 20 est armé à son maximum à la fin de chaque opération d'ouverture ou de fermeture, grâce à l'énergie cinétique du contact mobile 2. Bien entendu, le ressort 20 est calibré de façon adéquate par rapport aux ressorts de déclenchement 7 et d'enclenchement 10 de façon à pouvoir être armé jusqu'à ce que le levier 5 occupe une position angulaire extrême.With this construction, the additional spring 20 is armed at its maximum at the end of each opening or closing operation, thanks kinetic energy of the moving contact 2. Of course, the spring 20 is adequately calibrated against release springs 7 and interlock 10 so that it can be armed until the lever 5 occupies an extreme angular position.

De préférence, le ressort 20 est disposé à l'intérieur de la commande mécanique 3, et est couplé au levier 5 par une chaíne engagée sur une poulie de renvoi 21. Une telle disposition permet de placer le ressort 20 à proximité de la chambre de coupure pour diminuer l'encombrement du disjoncteur. Le levier 5 peut aussi être couplé au ressort 20 par une liaison articulée.Preferably, the spring 20 is disposed inside the mechanical control 3, and is coupled to lever 5 by a chain engaged on a return pulley 21. Such an arrangement allows place the spring 20 near the breaking chamber to decrease the size of the circuit breaker. Lever 5 can also be coupled to spring 20 by an articulated connection.

Claims (5)

Un disjoncteur électrique comprenant une chambre de coupure (1) avec au moins un contact mobile (2) dans la chambre qui est actionné au moyen d'une commande mécanique à ressorts (3) pour ouvrir ou fermer le disjoncteur, la commande incluant au moins un premier ressort (7) exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour ouvrir le disjoncteur et un second ressort (10) exerçant une force tendant à déplacer le contact mobile pour fermer le disjoncteur tout en armant le premier ressort (7), et dans lequel un ressort additionnel (20) est prévu pour exercer une force supplémentaire qui se cumule à la force exercée par le premier ressort (7) au début de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, caractérisé en ce que le ressort additionnel (20) est monté de telle façon qu'avant la fin de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, la résultante de la force exercée par le ressort additionnel pour déplacer le contact mobile s'inverse pour s'opposer au déplacement du contact mobile.An electric circuit breaker comprising a breaking chamber (1) with at least one movable contact (2) in the chamber which is actuated by means of a mechanical spring control (3) to open or close the circuit breaker, the command including at least a first spring (7) exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to open the circuit breaker and a second spring (10) exerting a force tending to move the movable contact to close the circuit breaker while arming the first spring (7), and in which an additional spring (20) is provided to exert an additional force which accumulates with the force exerted by the first spring (7) at the start of the opening of the circuit breaker, characterized in that the additional spring (20) is mounted in such a way that before the end of the opening of the circuit breaker, the result of the force exerted by the additional spring to move the movable contact reverses to oppose the displacement of the movable contact. Le disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la commande comprend un arbre rotatif (4) couplé en mouvement au contact mobile (2) et entraíné en rotation alternativement par le premier (7) et le second ressort (10) et dans lequel le ressort additionnel (20) est accouplé à l'arbre rotatif (4) par l'intermédiaire d'un levier (5) fixé à l'arbre rotatif et occupant deux positions angulaires extrêmes (E0,E1) correspondant aux positions du contact mobile quand le disjoncteur est respectivement ouvert ou fermé, la force exercée par le ressort additionnel (20) sur le levier (5) étant orientée de telle façon que sa composante rotationnelle change de sens quand le levier (5) passe par une position angulaire intermédiaire (PM) en se déplaçant d'une position angulaire extrême vers l'autre position angulaire extrême.The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the control comprises a rotary shaft (4) coupled in movement to the movable contact (2) and rotated alternately by the first (7) and the second spring (10) and in which the additional spring (20) is coupled to the rotary shaft (4) by means of a lever (5) fixed to the rotary shaft and occupying two extreme angular positions (E0, E1) corresponding to positions of the movable contact when the circuit breaker is respectively open or closed, the force exerted by the additional spring (20) on the lever (5) being oriented in such a way that its rotational component changes direction when the lever (5) passes through an angular position intermediate (PM) moving from an extreme angular position towards the other extreme angular position. Le disjoncteur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le ressort additionnel (20) est couplé au levier (5) par l'intermédiaire d'une poulie de renvoi (21).The circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the spring additional (20) is coupled to the lever (5) via a pulley of reference (21). Le disjoncteur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le ressort additionnel (20) est armé en compression.The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the spring additional (20) is reinforced in compression. Le disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel ledit levier (5) est un levier en forme de triangle ayant un sommet confondu avec l'arbre rotatif et deux autres sommets respectivement couplés au contact mobile (2) et au ressort additionnel (20).The circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said lever (5) is a triangle-shaped lever with a confused apex with the rotating shaft and two other vertices respectively coupled to the movable contact (2) and additional spring (20).
EP02290446A 2001-03-01 2002-02-22 High voltage circuir breaker with spring actuator with an additional energy recuperating spring Expired - Lifetime EP1237169B1 (en)

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FR0102784 2001-03-01
FR0102784A FR2821696B1 (en) 2001-03-01 2001-03-01 HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER HAVING A SPRING DRIVE WITH AN ADDITIONAL ENERGY RECOVERY SPRING

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FR2821696B1 (en) 2003-04-25
DE60235855D1 (en) 2010-05-20
FR2821696A1 (en) 2002-09-06
US6667452B2 (en) 2003-12-23
EP1237169B1 (en) 2010-04-07
US20020121503A1 (en) 2002-09-05

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