EP1233077A1 - System for repairing blast furnace taphole facings - Google Patents
System for repairing blast furnace taphole facings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1233077A1 EP1233077A1 EP02380017A EP02380017A EP1233077A1 EP 1233077 A1 EP1233077 A1 EP 1233077A1 EP 02380017 A EP02380017 A EP 02380017A EP 02380017 A EP02380017 A EP 02380017A EP 1233077 A1 EP1233077 A1 EP 1233077A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- taphole
- gun
- nozzle
- sleeve
- stopper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
Definitions
- This invention refers to a new system for repairing the facings of blast furnace tapholes, with which is possible to lengthen the useful life of the taphole, especially in view of the continuous use of the hot bar technique, furthermore allowing that repairs can be carried out without the need for stopping the installation.
- a blast furnace is a vertical reactor that is loaded through its upper part or mouth with a series of minerals and solid fuels, so that with the injection of hot air and additional fuel, gas, coal, etc., a reduction reaction is obtained that gives rise to pig iron, the fundamental prime material for obtaining the different types of steels, foundry products, etc.
- This reactor is emptied by means of an outlet located in its lower part, called a taphole, with a diameter of the order of 30 to 60 millimetres and with a length generally between 1 and 3 metres, depending on the type of blast furnace, a taphole through which the pig iron and slag leave and that is one of the critical parts in the operation of a blast furnace.
- a machine similar to a drill of large dimensions that uses as a bit a bar of approximately three meters length that works simultaneously turning and hammering, axially perforated to refrigerate the cutting head, whether with water, compressed air, or nitrogen, etc.
- a machine called a taphole stopper gun is used that consists of a hydraulic system with a pressure of up to 400 Kg/cm 2 , that, using a piston and a plunger, injects the taphole material to close the hole made by the bit during the opening.
- the hot bar system consists of inserting a solid bar once in the taphole once the material has been injected with the gun and before the material hardens, with the purpose of later taking it out and that the pig iron and the slag come out through the space left by the extraction of this bar.
- This system has the drawback that the mass of material has to be sufficiently hard to tolerate the pressure of the interior of the blast furnace, up to 4 Kg/cm 2 , to avoid that this material be expelled to the exterior, and sufficiently soft that it allows the bar to enter and afterwards to be withdrawn. Meanwhile the drilling method doesn't have operational problems, but it is a more expensive and less effective system that the hot bar method, because of which there is a tendency to use the most efficient method provided the working conditions of the installation and the material used are adequate.
- the objective is to set a series of parameters, such as:
- the hot bar system furthermore has the drawback of progressively causing damage to the facing of the blast furnace taphole, a facing on which the taphole stopper gun does the closing and that has the following as its main functions:
- the system is based on equipping the gun nozzle with a sleeve perfectly adjusted to this nozzle, that forms an axial and frontal extension for it and in whose cavity is housed a ring of refractory material, that in the connecting of the gun to the taphole face fills the existing hollow in this face, caused by wear in the normal use of the taphole, so that this ring, of an external diameter the same as the internal diameter of the sleeve, will adapt a variable position, according to requirements determined by the depth of taphole facing wear.
- the sleeve will be equipped with complementary external limit stops, beside its front end, that in the joining of the taphole stopper gun with the face of the taphole, on impacting on it, will cause the retraction of this sleeve with respect to the nozzle, while the latter advances to the taphole and introduces the refractory ring in its wear depression, where it remains definitively fixed to the plugging material of the oft-mentioned furnace taphole.
- the ring (12) allowing the passing of the blocking material through it, reaches the interior of the opening(9) of the taphole where it remains freed by the retraction of the sleeve (11) to which effect this latter has limit stops (13), radial and external, touching against the face (8) of the taphole, as seen especially in figure 3, so that the material supplied by the gun (7) doesn't only block the taphole opening (5) but also fills the gaps established between the deteriorated face of the taphole and the refractory ring (12), the latter remaining fixed and integrated in the taphole, so that the face of the taphole (8) remains automatically ready and in optimum conditions if a ring of adequate size (12) has been used, as shown in figure 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
Starting from the use of a taphole stopper
gun (7), connecting with the face of the taphole (5) to
supply to the latter a dense mass of material for closing
of the pig-iron outlet opening, it consists in equipping
the nozzle (10) of this gun (7) with a sleeve (11) an
axial projection of this nozzle (10) and designed to hold
in its interior a refractory ring (12) of axial dimension
adequate to fill the hollow (9) that has been caused in
the face (8) of the taphole (5) by wear, so that in the
actual closing operation of the taphole (5) the refractory
ring (12) remains deposited in this hollow (9) the sleeve
(11) being withdrawn on the nozzle, (10) on the impact of
its external limit stops with the face (8) of the taphole
(5), this ring (12) remaining integrated in the taphole,
secured by the same closing mass of material, filling the
hollow (9), with which the automatic repair of the taphole
is achieved in conjunction with its closing.
Description
This invention refers to a new system for
repairing the facings of blast furnace tapholes, with
which is possible to lengthen the useful life of the
taphole, especially in view of the continuous use of the
hot bar technique, furthermore allowing that repairs can
be carried out without the need for stopping the
installation.
As is known, a blast furnace is a vertical reactor
that is loaded through its upper part or mouth with a
series of minerals and solid fuels, so that with the
injection of hot air and additional fuel, gas, coal, etc.,
a reduction reaction is obtained that gives rise to pig
iron, the fundamental prime material for obtaining the
different types of steels, foundry products, etc. This
reactor is emptied by means of an outlet located in its
lower part, called a taphole, with a diameter of the order
of 30 to 60 millimetres and with a length generally
between 1 and 3 metres, depending on the type of blast
furnace, a taphole through which the pig iron and slag
leave and that is one of the critical parts in the
operation of a blast furnace.
At present and due to continuous greater demands
for productivity in these facilities, the working
conditions of the refractories forming the taphole are
very demanding, because of which investigation has been
done to develop products of greater duration, better cost-benefit
ratio and greater margin of security in use,
avoiding risks both for people and for the installations.
Within the many solutions for the opening and
closing of a taphole, two fundamental methods exist, being
those of more widespread use, that of drilling of the
taphole and that of the hot bar.
In the taphole drilling method a machine similar
to a drill of large dimensions is used, that uses as a bit
a bar of approximately three meters length that works
simultaneously turning and hammering, axially perforated
to refrigerate the cutting head, whether with water,
compressed air, or nitrogen, etc. For closing the taphole
a machine called a taphole stopper gun is used that
consists of a hydraulic system with a pressure of up to
400 Kg/cm2, that, using a piston and a plunger, injects
the taphole material to close the hole made by the bit
during the opening.
The hot bar system consists of inserting a solid
bar once in the taphole once the material has been
injected with the gun and before the material hardens,
with the purpose of later taking it out and that the pig
iron and the slag come out through the space left by the
extraction of this bar. This system has the drawback
that the mass of material has to be sufficiently hard to
tolerate the pressure of the interior of the blast
furnace, up to 4 Kg/cm2, to avoid that this material be
expelled to the exterior, and sufficiently soft that it
allows the bar to enter and afterwards to be withdrawn.
Meanwhile the drilling method doesn't have operational
problems, but it is a more expensive and less effective
system that the hot bar method, because of which there is
a tendency to use the most efficient method provided the
working conditions of the installation and the material
used are adequate.
Due to the variety of blast furnaces existing and
to the different working conditions of each of them,
traditionally tests were carried out in the same plant
until the mass of material was adjusted to what was more
or less better adapted to the operation of that furnace,
with the consequent variations in the time. This method
furthermore involves a series of risks and problems both
for the integrity of people that work in the plant and for
the actual plant, and they affect the working conditions
of the blast furnace.
Due to these problems, the objective is to set a
series of parameters, such as:
- Opening length (it protects the refractory lining of the interior of the furnace, and it assures a greater duration of the run-out).
- Resistance to the pig iron and the slag at temperatures between 1500-1600°C, both from chemical and mechanical attack.
- Regularity of run-outs and among them.
- Workability of the product (that it can be manipulated or injected as easily as possible).
- Respect for the environment (currently the materials that are used in Spain are tar free to assure as far as possible safety and hygiene in their use and respect for environmental standards).
The hot bar system furthermore has the drawback of
progressively causing damage to the facing of the blast
furnace taphole, a facing on which the taphole stopper gun
does the closing and that has the following as its main
functions:
- To offer a resistant and the most uniform possible surface so that the gun can inject the taphole stopper material. When this doesn't happen and because the taphole stopper material is a plastic material, it loses injection power, because of which the material mass does not compact adequately within the taphole, material is ejected outside, which causes smoke and blockages in the secondary routes, and furthermore it causes degradation of the gun mounting, which may cause it to remain blocked, since it works at pressure and each time it enters further within the taphole. This has serious consequences for the normal working of the blast furnace.
- To protect the taphole refrigeration ring and the breastplate of the blast furnace. If the facing is degraded, the risk is run of puncturing the taphole refrigeration ring or "neck" and of perforation of the breastplate that are faults of major importance and that can only be repaired with the stopping of the plant, with the costs that this implies.
- To avoid, as much as possible, the escape of the interior gases of the blast furnace. This escape of gases from the interior of the furnace, in which there are sometimes pressures of up to 4 Kg/cm2, is what represents the greatest difficulties and risks for the conservation and maintenance of the facing, to which must also be added the fact that molten liquids, at an average temperature of approximately 1500°C, come out.
All what has been previously set out allows us to
say that the maintenance and repair operation of the
taphole facing of a blast furnace is a difficult task with
high risk for the operatives and that often obliges a
stoppage of the plant, with the losses and inconveniences,
both technical and economic that this implies.
The system that the invention proposes fully and
satisfactorily, the previously set out difficulties,
allowing the repair of the taphole facing at the same time
as the operation of its closing and with the help of the
classic taphole stopper gun.
This brings with it a series of advantages among
which it is necessary to stand highlight the following:
- It is not necessary that any operator work in a harsh zone, with high temperatures, elevated pressures and high risk for his personal integrity.
- The facing can be repaired with the plant in operation and as often as necessary.
- It protects the critical zone and allows the continuation of production tasks of the blast furnace.
- It allows the continuous use of the hot bar technique with the technical and economic advantages arising from it.
- It forms an economic and simple system.
For this and more specifically, the system is
based on equipping the gun nozzle with a sleeve perfectly
adjusted to this nozzle, that forms an axial and frontal
extension for it and in whose cavity is housed a ring of
refractory material, that in the connecting of the gun to
the taphole face fills the existing hollow in this face,
caused by wear in the normal use of the taphole, so that
this ring, of an external diameter the same as the
internal diameter of the sleeve, will adapt a variable
position, according to requirements determined by the
depth of taphole facing wear.
The sleeve will be equipped with complementary
external limit stops, beside its front end, that in the
joining of the taphole stopper gun with the face of the
taphole, on impacting on it, will cause the retraction of
this sleeve with respect to the nozzle, while the latter
advances to the taphole and introduces the refractory ring
in its wear depression, where it remains definitively
fixed to the plugging material of the oft-mentioned
furnace taphole.
To supplement this description and with the
aim of leading to a better understanding of the
characteristics of the invention, in accordance with
a preferred example of its practical realization, as
an integral part of this description it is
accompanied by a set of drawings where in an
illustrative and non-limiting way, the following
have been represented:
In the light of the figures presented and
especially of figure 1, it can be seen how, in a blast
furnace, the pig iron is set up at a lower level (1), the
slag on the fleet (2), above which the mineral load is
located (3), specifically at the level of the hot air
entry side nozzles (4), so that the pig iron (1) leaves
through the taphole (5) when this is opened, falling to
the principle channel (6), closing the taphole (5) with
the aid of a taphole stopper gun (7) that injects a dense
material in the taphole opening, whether to directly block
this hole or to participate in the blockage with the
assistance of a bar, so that in the first case a later
drilling phase becomes necessary for opening, while in the
second this opening is carried out by extracting the bar.
In whichever case the action of the gun (7) on the
face (8) of the taphole (5) implies an erosion of this
face with its progressive deterioration, that requires
periodic repair, specifically to refill the space (9) made
by this erosion and visible in figure 2.
For this it is planned to equip the nozzle (10) of
the gun (7) with a sleeve (11) whose internal diameter
coincides with the external diameter of the nozzle (10),
so that it fits tightly to it, forming an axial and
frontal extension to it, that allows the holding in its
interior of a refractory ring (12), that is in turn of the
same external diameter as the internal diameter of the
sleeve (11) and of axial dimensions adequate to fill the
deteriorated opening,(9) of the taphole (5).
In accordance with this set up and when the
taphole stopper gun (7) is attached to the taphole (5) in
order to proceed with its blocking or closing, the ring
(12) allowing the passing of the blocking material through
it, reaches the interior of the opening(9) of the taphole
where it remains freed by the retraction of the sleeve
(11) to which effect this latter has limit stops (13),
radial and external, touching against the face (8) of the
taphole, as seen especially in figure 3, so that the
material supplied by the gun (7) doesn't only block the
taphole opening (5) but also fills the gaps established
between the deteriorated face of the taphole and the
refractory ring (12), the latter remaining fixed and
integrated in the taphole, so that the face of the taphole
(8) remains automatically ready and in optimum conditions
if a ring of adequate size (12) has been used, as shown in
figure 4.
Claims (2)
- System for repairing the facings of a blast furnace taphole, that has as its objective the filling with refractive or similar material the hollow (9) that progressively is formed in the face (8) of the taphole (5), due to the effect of the action of the classic taphole stopper gun on this facing (7) in the operations for blocking the taphole. It is characterized because it consists in equipping the nozzle (10) of the taphole stopper gun (7) with a sleeve (11) axial extension of this nozzle (10), retractile on it and provided with external limit stops (13) designed to act on the face (8) of the taphole (5) causing the immobilization of the sleeve (11) during the end phase of advance of the nozzle (10) of the taphole stopper gun, having being planned that in a forward projection position of the sleeve (11) with regard to the nozzle(10) in its cavity a ring (12) of refractory or similar material is placed, that, allowing the passage through it of the material supplied by the gun (7) fills the facing wear hollow (9) of the taphole (5) and it remains integrated in it by the same mass of closing material supplied by the taphole stopper gun (7).
- System to repair the taphole facings of blast furnaces, according to Claim 1, characterized because the sleeve (11) has an internal diameter similar to the external diameter of the nozzle (10) of the taphole stopper gun (7), to slide properly on it, while the refractory ring (12) has, in turn, an external diameter similar to the internal diameter of the sleeve (11), and a variable axial dimension according to the amount of wear of the taphole facing, that is in according with the depth of the wear hollow (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200100338A ES2197738B1 (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2001-02-15 | SYSTEM FOR REPAIRING THE FRONT PIQUERA IN HIGH OVEN. |
| ES200100338 | 2001-02-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1233077A1 true EP1233077A1 (en) | 2002-08-21 |
| EP1233077B1 EP1233077B1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
Family
ID=8496737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02380017A Expired - Lifetime EP1233077B1 (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-01-29 | Apparatus for repairing blast furnace taphole facings |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1233077B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60210357D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2197738B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007034974A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of injecting an aggregate into a small gap formed in the bottom portion of a blast furnace and aggregate used therefor |
| CN103966375A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Repairing method of blast furnace tap hole sleeve and auxiliary device |
| US10933612B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2021-03-02 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass, laminated glass, production method for embossing roll, and production method for interlayer for laminated glass |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0315311A1 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-05-10 | Foseco International Limited | Tap hole plugs for metallurgical vessels |
| US4909487A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1990-03-20 | Dango & Dienenthal Maschinenbau Gmbh | Process and notch gun for closing the tapholes of furnaces |
| FR2680179A1 (en) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-02-12 | Boulonnais Terres Refractaires | Improvements made to devices for plugging casting holes of blast furnaces |
| DE19755932C1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1998-12-10 | Dango & Dienenthal Maschbau | Tapping hole plugging machine for metallurgical furnaces |
| EP1069191A1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-17 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG | Tapping apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2664291B1 (en) * | 1990-07-05 | 1992-09-18 | Boulonnais Terres Refractaires | DEVICE FOR THE RAPID REPAIR OF A BLAST FURNACE CUPBOARD. |
-
2001
- 2001-02-15 ES ES200100338A patent/ES2197738B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-29 DE DE60210357T patent/DE60210357D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-29 EP EP02380017A patent/EP1233077B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0315311A1 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-05-10 | Foseco International Limited | Tap hole plugs for metallurgical vessels |
| US4909487A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1990-03-20 | Dango & Dienenthal Maschinenbau Gmbh | Process and notch gun for closing the tapholes of furnaces |
| FR2680179A1 (en) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-02-12 | Boulonnais Terres Refractaires | Improvements made to devices for plugging casting holes of blast furnaces |
| DE19755932C1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1998-12-10 | Dango & Dienenthal Maschbau | Tapping hole plugging machine for metallurgical furnaces |
| EP1069191A1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-17 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG | Tapping apparatus and method |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007034974A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of injecting an aggregate into a small gap formed in the bottom portion of a blast furnace and aggregate used therefor |
| CN103966375A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Repairing method of blast furnace tap hole sleeve and auxiliary device |
| CN103966375B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2017-09-12 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | The method for repairing and mending and servicing unit of a kind of blast furnace mud sleeve |
| US10933612B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2021-03-02 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass, laminated glass, production method for embossing roll, and production method for interlayer for laminated glass |
| US11318718B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2022-05-03 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass, laminated glass, production method for embossing roll, and production method for interlayer for laminated glass |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2197738B1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| DE60210357D1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
| ES2197738A1 (en) | 2004-01-01 |
| EP1233077B1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
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