EP1230007A1 - Wirbelschicht-reaktor - Google Patents
Wirbelschicht-reaktorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1230007A1 EP1230007A1 EP00973137A EP00973137A EP1230007A1 EP 1230007 A1 EP1230007 A1 EP 1230007A1 EP 00973137 A EP00973137 A EP 00973137A EP 00973137 A EP00973137 A EP 00973137A EP 1230007 A1 EP1230007 A1 EP 1230007A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hollow body
- inlet opening
- lower section
- fluidized bed
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020986 nuts and seeds Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
- F26B17/107—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers pneumatically inducing within the drying enclosure a curved flow path, e.g. circular, spiral, helical; Cyclone or Vortex dryers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/245—Spouted-bed technique
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating
- F26B3/0926—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating by pneumatic means, e.g. spouted beds
Definitions
- THIS INVENTION relates to a fluidized bed apparatus. More particularly, the invention relates to a spouting fluidized bed apparatus
- Known fluidized bed apparatus have many different applications including the drying of particulate products, the gasification of particulate products, the combustion of particulate fuels, the drying and roasting of nuts and seeds, and the like. All the above applications involve the passage of a gas through a bed of particles and thereby creating a fluidized bed of particles, within which required physical and/or chemical reactions can occur, as is determined by the particular application of the apparatus.
- Each spouting fluidized bed apparatus known to the Applicant generally comprises a hollow body that defines an internal space including a downwardly tapering lower section, the hollow body defining a gas inlet opening at its operative lower end which leads into the internal space and which communicates, directly or indirectly, with a gas feed duct. From the operative upper end of the tapering lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body, the walls of the hollow body define an upper section of the internal space that extends upwardly, leading to a gas outlet duct which extends from the hollow body and which provides for the passage of gases from the internal
- the apparatus provides also for the feed of particulate product into the internal space defined by the hollow body and for the discharge of particulate product from the hollow body, which can take place in various different modes.
- the particulate product to be dried can be fed into the hollow body via the gas outlet duct, the particles forming the product effectively dropping under gravity into the tapering lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body.
- Heated gas is fed into the hollow body via a gas feed duct leading to the gas inlet opening defined at the operative lower end of the hollow body, the heated gas thus passing through the bed of particles formed in the said lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body.
- the gas flow rate increases through the bed of particles, a point is reached where the gas pressure drop marginally exceeds the mass of the particles forming the particulate product bed, the particles thereby becoming partially suspended in the air stream.
- an expansion of the bed of particles takes place, a vigorous boiling action being created similar to a boiling liquid. Thereby, the bed of particles is said to be fluidized.
- the flow pattern of gas through the bed of particles results in a spouting action of particles in the upper region of the fluidized bed, this region being referred to as the free-board space from which spouted particles will drop back into the bed of particles.
- the particles behave like a fluid insofar as a specific particle level can be detected, this level being controllable and facilitating also the removal of particles from the hollow body via overflow weirs, or the like, in order to be conveyed to a following process stage.
- a spouting fluidized bed apparatus which is particularly suitable for fluidized bed applications where feed material and dried product material vary in size and density.
- the fluidized bed apparatus of the invention is considered particularly suitable for the above applications, it can be utilized also for other conventional applications, or such applications that are considered specifically suitable in conjunction with the apparatus of the invention.
- a spouting fluidized bed apparatus which includes
- a hollow body that defines an internal space including a downwardly tapering lower section defining a longitudinal axis and a truncated V-shaped profile in cross section along the length thereof and terminating in an elongate slot-like gas inlet opening , defined at the operative lower end of the hollow body, and an upper section extending'operatively upwardly from the upper end of the lower section, leading to a gas outlet defined by the hollow body near the operative upper end of the internal space, the hollow body defining a particulate product inlet opening connectable to a particulate product supply source for feeding product into the lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body;
- an elongate tray formation which is positioned operatively beneath the gas inlet opening defined at the operative lower end of the hollow body, the tray formation having a base platform spaced from the operative lower end of the hollow body and side walls extending upwardly in an overlapping spaced configuration with respect to the walls of the hollow body that define the tapering lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body, providing for slot-like passages to be defined between the side walls of the tray formation and the said walls of the hollow body through which gases can pass to enter the said gas inlet opening defined at the operative lower end of the hollow body; a plenum chamber body that defining a chamber that surrounds at least partially the lower section of the hollow body including the tray formation and that defines a gas inlet opening connectable to a gas supply, permitting a gas to enter the chamber and pass into the hollow body via the said slot-like passages and the said gas inlet opening; and
- a particulate product discharge means for discharging particulate product from the hollow body.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides for the side walls of the elongate tray formation to extend in a substantially parallel, spaced, overlapping relationship with respect to the walls of the hollow body defining the tapering lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body and providing for slot-like passages between the said side walls of the tray formation and the said walls of the hollow body.
- the said slot-like passages accordingly will guide gases passing through these passages onto the base platform of the tray formation, to be deflected towards a central region disposed intermediate between opposite sides of the tray formation, where the gases will impinge and be directed operatively upwardly through the gas inlet opening defined at the operative lower end of the hollow body into the internal space defined by the hollow body.
- the upwardly directed gases will flow through particulate products within the lower section of the internal space defined by the hollow body, providing for the formation of a fluidized bed .
- the particulate product simultaneously will be lifted from the tray formation to a raised level above which the fluidized bed will be defined.
- the motion of the particles forming the fluidized bed otherwise will be essentially conventional, with spouting particles dropping back into the fluidized bed, as is commonly associated with a spouting fluidized bed apparatus.
- the fluidized bed apparatus in accordance with the invention, also can be associated with any further features commonly associated with a spouting fluidized bed apparatus of the type herein envisaged and insofar as the configuration of the fluidized bed apparatus of the invention in this regard is greatly variable, the invention extends also to such alternative configurations fluidized bed apparatus which incorporate the principles of the invention as herein defined .
- a segment of the hollow body of a spouting fluidized bed apparatus is designated generally by the reference numeral 10.
- the hollow body defines an internal space 1 1 including a downwardly tapering lower section 1 2 that defines a longitudinal axis and a truncated V-shaped profile in cross section along the length thereof, the lower section 1 2 of the space 1 1 thus terminating in an elongate slot-like gas inlet opening 14 defined by the hollow body at the lower end thereof.
- the internal space defined by the hollow body further includes an upper section 1 6 extending operatively upwardly from the lower section 1 2, the upper section leading to a gas outlet (not shown), also defined by the hollow body.
- the hollow body defines also a particulate product inlet (not shown) through which particulate products can be fed into the hollow body, to drop under gravity into the lower section 1 2 of the internal space defined by the hollow body.
- an elongate tray formation 1 8 Operatively beneath the gas inlet opening 14 defined by the hollow body at the lower end thereof, there is provided an elongate tray formation 1 8, the tray formation 1 8 having a base platform 20, disposed operatively beneath the opening 14, and side walls
- Passages 30 for gases therefore are defined between the walls 24 of the hollow body and the side walls 22 of the tray formation 18, which gases can then enter the internal space defined by the hollow body via the gas inlet opening 14, as is described in more detail hereafter.
- the lower section 1 2 of the internal space defined by the hollow body is surrounded by a plenum chamber body 26 which is formed of walls 28 defining a chamber, the plenum chamber body having a gas inlet opening through which gases can be fed into the chamber to pass from the chamber into the internal space defined by the hollow body of the fluidized bed apparatus.
- the apparatus also includes a particulate product discharge means for discharging particulate product from the hollow body, this discharge means not being illustrated in the drawing and comprising essentially conventional discharge means as is commonly associated with spouting fluidized bed apparatus of the type herein envisaged.
- the discharge means accordingly may comprise an overflow weir, or suitable feed pipes, that can feed particulate product from the hollow body to a required destination where further processing, or the like, can occur.
- the product can be fed into the internal space defined by the hollow body to fill the lower section 1 2 of the space. It will be appreciated that without fluidizing gases entering the hollow body, the particles forming the particulate product will rest on the tray formation 1 2.
- Hot fluidizing gases can then be displaced into the chamber defined by the plenum chamber body 26 and from there via the passages 30 into the space beneath the inlet opening 14 defined by the hollow body. Gases so entering the said space will be deflected along the base platform 20 of the tray formation 1 8 towards a central region intermediate between the opposite sides of the base platform 20, where the gases will impinge on one another and be directed operatively upwardly to pass through the bed of particulate product formed above the base platform 20.
- a fluidized bed of particles will be generated in a conventional manner, further increasing of the flow rate of gases simultaneously providing for the entire body of particles to be lifted from the base platform 20, forming a virtual bed 32, above which the fluidized bed of particles will be defined .
- a proportion of the gases entering the hollow body 1 2 via the opening 1 4 will follow a circulating path within the space 34 beneath the virtual bed 32, to generate the configuration of the fluidized bed of particles as shown, the heated gases directed through the bed of particles also causing spouting of particles, particularly in the central region of the bed. Such particles will drop back into the bed in a location towards the outer sides of the bed.
- the arrows illustrated in the drawing illustrate both the direction of gas flow through the fluidized bed, as well as the direction of particle movement, which in combination will provide for an extremely effective fluidized bed operation for drying the particles within the apparatus.
- the velocity profile of gases passing through the bed of particles will provide for a maximum velocity in the centre region between opposite sides of the inlet opening 14 and decreasing velocities on opposite sides of this centre region, towards the side edges by the opening 14, thus inducing the spouting action while permitting also the required circulation of particles within the bed of particles.
- This velocity profile clearly will be substantially constant along the entire length of the hollow body 1 2.
- fluidized bed apparatus as described will be particularly suitable for applications where feed material and dried product material vary in size and density.
- the applications of the fluidized bed apparatus is not restricted to such applications and can be employed also for various other conventional and special applications.
- segment of the hollow body of the spouting fluidized bed apparatus of the invention as shown will be combined with features associated with conventional spouting fluidized bed apparatus of the type herein envisaged and insofar as these features may be greatly variable, this is not described in further detail herein .
- the features to be associated with the apparatus will be determined particularly by the intended applications of the apparatus and particularly also by required operating capacities, the particulate products involved, and the like.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA997118 | 1999-11-15 | ||
ZA9907118 | 1999-11-15 | ||
PCT/IB2000/001649 WO2001036082A1 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 2000-11-14 | A fluidized bed apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1230007A1 true EP1230007A1 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
Family
ID=25587993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00973137A Withdrawn EP1230007A1 (de) | 1999-11-15 | 2000-11-14 | Wirbelschicht-reaktor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1230007A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1168301A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001036082A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002057862A2 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-25 | Unified Environmental Services Group | Production and use of biosolid granules |
IL150052A (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2007-05-15 | P T T Ltd | Fluidized bed processor having a hydro dynamically active layer and method for use thereof |
CA2622881C (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2015-01-27 | Vitag Llc | Organic containing sludge to fertilizer alkaline conversion process |
US9695092B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2017-07-04 | Anuvia Plant Nutrients Corporation | Process for treating sludge and manufacturing bioorganically-augmented high nitrogen-containing inorganic fertilizer |
IN2012DN06560A (de) | 2009-12-30 | 2015-10-23 | Vitag Holdings Llc | |
EP2691355B1 (de) | 2011-03-28 | 2021-08-25 | Anuvia Plant Nutrients Holdings Inc. | Hochwertige organisch angereicherte anorganische düngemittel |
AU2016271517C1 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2018-11-15 | Profile Products Llc | High value organic containing fertilizers and methods of manufacture |
MA50738B1 (fr) | 2018-08-16 | 2021-05-31 | Anuvia Plant Nutrients Holdings Llc | Revêtements inorganiques réactifs pour engrais agricoles |
MA50736B2 (fr) | 2018-11-14 | 2021-12-31 | Anuvia Plant Nutrients Holdings Llc | Administration de molécules bioactives dans des enrobages ou des couches de surface d'engrais inorganiques organiquement améliorés |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1208736B (de) * | 1963-05-31 | 1966-01-13 | Basf Ag | Wirbelreaktor |
GB1431763A (en) * | 1972-04-06 | 1976-04-14 | Plessey Co Ltd | Fluid bed apparatus with baffle load-carrying bodies |
US4115929A (en) * | 1976-10-27 | 1978-09-26 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Gas distributor for fluidizing beds |
GB8501959D0 (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1985-02-27 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco |
-
2000
- 2000-11-14 EP EP00973137A patent/EP1230007A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-14 WO PCT/IB2000/001649 patent/WO2001036082A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-11-14 AU AU11683/01A patent/AU1168301A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0136082A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001036082A1 (en) | 2001-05-25 |
AU1168301A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20020607 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20021127 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AC ENTERPRISES LIMITED |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20030508 |