EP1227289A1 - Trocknungsverfahren für Textilmaterial oder gegerbte Häute, sowie Vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Trocknungsverfahren für Textilmaterial oder gegerbte Häute, sowie Vorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1227289A1
EP1227289A1 EP02001864A EP02001864A EP1227289A1 EP 1227289 A1 EP1227289 A1 EP 1227289A1 EP 02001864 A EP02001864 A EP 02001864A EP 02001864 A EP02001864 A EP 02001864A EP 1227289 A1 EP1227289 A1 EP 1227289A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
hide
chamber
water
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP02001864A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roberto Franchetti
Bruno Scortegagna
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lafer SpA
Original Assignee
Lafer SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lafer SpA filed Critical Lafer SpA
Publication of EP1227289A1 publication Critical patent/EP1227289A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/047—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for continuous drying of material in long length, e.g. webs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/58—Drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/048—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum in combination with heat developed by electro-magnetic means, e.g. microwave energy

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a drying method for textile material, tanned hides or other similar or comparable material, and the device able to embody the method.
  • the invention is applied in the finishing of textile material such as cotton, wool, mix, synthetic, knitwear, elastics, and is employed mainly at outlet from wet treatments such as washing, vaporization, impregnation, dyeing, décatissage, calandering and suchlike.
  • the invention is also applied for drying hides emerging from a tanning treatment.
  • the fabric emerging from wet treatments must be subjected to at least a drying step so that it can be sent to subsequent operations. Drying must be performed in such a manner as to remove the maximum quantity of water and humidity from the textile material without ruining it or deteriorating it in any way, particularly the touch or appearance.
  • Usual drying methods provide to hit the textile material with a flow of hot air to make the water contained therein evaporate until the desired level of humidity is reached.
  • ramates Drying machines such as are commonly used, known as ramates, consist of chambers inside which the fabric is made to pass between an inlet and an outlet by chains or similar means.
  • Ramates can have one or two planes according to the path which the textile material has to follow to complete the drying operation.
  • Another drying system using heat treatment provides to transport the textile material into contact with heated cylinders according to a pre-defined path.
  • mechanical drying systems may be provided.
  • the state of the art includes the squeeze drying system, for example with cylinders arranged in a configuration like a foulard; this however has the disadvantage of leaving a residual water in the textile material of not less than 60% with respect to the weight of the fabric.
  • the state of the art also includes the centrifugal system; however, apart from leaving a residual water in the textile material of not less than 50% of the weight of the fabric, this system also has the disadvantage that it is discontinuous and therefore only allows very low production.
  • Another method provides to pass the textile material to be dried in cooperation with one or more suction bars; in this case too, there is low drying efficiency together with high energy consumption.
  • a wet fabric is guided inside an insulated processing chamber, which is at atmospheric pressure, inside which there are two cylinders, which can be heated or not.
  • the fabric is made to advance inside a transit channel made around said two cylinders and delimited by a case associated at inlet and outlet with sealing means.
  • the fabric Before entering into contact with the first of said cylinders, the fabric is made to cooperate with two suction bars, the function of which is to remove water and humidity from the fabric.
  • the suction bars are connected to a vacuum pump, which is associated with a separator, the function of which is to separate the water from the gases.
  • the gases obtained in the separator after being heated by the vacuum pump by means of compression, are returned to the processing chamber, coming into contact with the fabric.
  • the hot gases absorb the humidity and water present on the fabric, substantially performing a pre-drying of the fabric, and then are sucked in by the suction bars.
  • this solution does not exploit the reduction in the fabric's capacity to attract the water molecules which is obtained by subjecting the fabric to heating in an environment subject to a condition of strong depression with respect to atmospheric pressure.
  • the purpose of the invention is to achieve a drying device for textile material or hides able to guarantee high performance, in terms of drying efficiency, in a structure which is simple to construct and to use, at the same time ensuring much lower energy consumption compared with conventional devices and reduced risks of deterioration of the touch and appearance of the material to be dried.
  • the invention provides to use the effect deriving from performing at least a heat treatment made on the material, preferably over its entire width, in a closed chamber inside which an environment is created with a strong depression with respect to atmospheric pressure, and to perform on the material which is passing in said depressed environment and which has been subjected to said at least one heat treatment, at least a mechanical treatment to remove the water and humidity present in the material.
  • the invention provides to pass a fabric, or hide, to be dried inside a closed and insulated chamber associated with means able to create a desired condition of depression (vacuum), in order to exploit the action deriving from the heating of the fabric in a depressed environment in order to take the water and humidity contained in the fabric to boiling temperature.
  • the invention therefore allows to exploit the lower temperature at which the water boils, the weakening of the molecular links and the reduction in the external counter pressure which opposes the detachment of the water and humidity molecules from the surface of the fabric.
  • At least a mechanical squeezing step of the fabric to extract the water, brought substantially to boiling point by the combined action of heating and depression.
  • at least a suction step is provided in this chamber to remove the water brought substantially to boiling temperature.
  • the invention provides to perform, inside this depressed chamber, both one or more squeezing steps and one or more suction steps.
  • Performing a squeezing operation, or a suction operation, or a combined squeezing/suction operation, in an environment kept in a strong depression with respect to atmospheric pressure and after the material has been subjected to heat treatment, allows to achieve a plurality of advantages in terms of drying efficiency.
  • the result is that the surface tension of the liquid is extremely reduced and the resistance of the molecules to detachment is very low; in fact, unlike atmospheric pressure, the vacuum does not constitute a brake to the separation of the water molecules from the surface of the textile material. Moreover, the water boils at considerably lower temperatures, also because the forces of cohesion between the molecules are very weak.
  • the value of depression at which the chamber through which the fabric passes and is treated has to be maintained does not constitute a critical parameter, although the lower said value is, the lower the value of the boiling temperature and hence the higher the drying performance.
  • Values in the range of 0.1 ⁇ 0.2 bar of residual pressure are preferential at least in the case of squeezing alone. In the case of suction, values of 0.3 ⁇ 0.5 bar of residual pressure are preferential; these slightly higher values derive from the fact that the performance is higher if the flow which passes through the fabric has a certain density.
  • the improvement in the removal of water and humidity with respect to traditional drying systems has values of between a minimum of 40% and a maximum of 80%, according to the type of fabrics treated.
  • the heat treatment on the material to be dried in a preferential embodiment, is performed by making the material transit over heated cylinders located inside the closed chamber. In another embodiment, the heat treatment is performed by means of the focused emission of infra-red rays or microwaves using batteries and emitters arranged inside the closed chamber.
  • the number 10 denotes generally a continuous drying device for textile material in the form of a strip 11, or hides, arriving from wet treatments.
  • a strip 11 to be dried is made to pass inside a closed chamber 12, in this case with a circular section, including sealing means with rollers 13a at inlet and sealing means with rollers 13b at outlet.
  • the strip 11 can reach the chamber 12 cold or preheated.
  • the strip 11 is made to pass in contact, in this case, with three cylinders 14, respectively 14a, 14b and 14c, of which at least the first 14a is heated to a temperature preferably in the range of 140 ⁇ 150°C. It is obvious that the number of cylinders 14 as in Fig. 1 is only indicative, and can vary from one to any desired value.
  • the chamber 12 is associated with a vacuum assembly 15 able to create therein an environment under strong depression with respect to atmospheric pressure, with a desired residual pressure with a value advantageously, but not restrictively, in the range of 0.1 ⁇ 0.5 bar.
  • the vacuum assembly 15 is connected to the chamber 12 by means of an extractor conduit 16 and a condenser 17 of the evaporation fumes including an inlet 18a and an outlet 18b for cooling water.
  • the condenser 17 has a discharge 19 connected to an assembly 20 which sends the condensation to subsequent treatments and for possible re-use.
  • a squeezer roller 21 advantageously lined with rubber, suitable to exert on the strip 11 passing through an adjustable pressure, from about 10 kg up to 100 kg per linear centimetre.
  • Fig. 1a The functioning of the device as shown in Fig. 1a provides that the strip 11 to be dried is introduced inside the closed chamber 12 inside which a vacuum environment is created, and made to pass in contact with the heated cylinder 14a. To condition the path of the strip 11 around the cylinders 14a, 14b and 14c there are guide rollers 22.
  • the strip 11 is progressively taken to a temperature equal to the temperature of boiling in the depression conditions created inside the chamber 12, for example between 45 and 80°C.
  • the strip 11 is subjected to mechanical squeezing by the squeezer roller 21, exploiting the loosening of the links between the molecules of boiling water and the fibres of the fabric, and the reduction in the external counter pressure; these factors allow to obtain a much higher removal of water and humidity than occurs in conditions of environmental pressure.
  • the contact under pressure of the squeezer roller 21 and the heated cylinder 14a forms (Fig. 1b) a pressure segment 25, with a width "1" of several centimetres, due to the deformation of the rubber.
  • the strip 11 enters the pressure segment 25 between the roller 21 and the cylinder 14a at a temperature, for example, in the range of 45 ⁇ 80°C, and is subjected to squeezing; the cylinder 14a, heated to a temperature in the range of 140 ⁇ 150°C, superheats the water contained in the fabric in the pressure segment 25, therefore with the difference between the temperature of the cylinder 14a and that of the strip 11 being very great.
  • the strip 11 is wound on the possibly heated cylinders 14b and 14c to complete the drying action and in particular to remove the residual humidity before it is discharged.
  • the water removed from the strip 11 collects on the bottom of the chamber 12 and is removed therefrom, for example by means of discharge holes connected with pump-type extraction means.
  • Fig. 1a serves only as an example, since the device 10 can be equipped with a single heated cylinder 14a and a single squeezer roller 21, with a single cylinder 14a and several squeezer rollers 21, or substantially with every combination of heated cylinders and squeezer rollers compatible with the overall size of the device and in particular of the chamber 12.
  • the cylinder 14 is not heated, and the heat treatment on the strip 11 is performed by means of emitters of infra-red rays or microwaves suitably arranged at least upstream of the squeezer roller 21.
  • the variant shown in Fig. 1c comprises, in the interspace between the cylinders 14a and 14b, a suction bar 26, arranged facing the free segment of the strip 11 between the two cylinders and in a position extremely close thereto. It has a length preferably at least equal to the width of the strip 11 being treated.
  • the function of the suction bar 26 is to remove the residual humidity of the strip 11 after it has passed through the squeezer roller 21, if present; otherwise the suction bar 26 constitutes the main element of mechanical removal of humidity and water in the event that there is no squeezer roller 21.
  • the efficiency of the suction bar 26 is also encouraged, in a similar manner as seen above, by the environmental conditions of strong depression to which the strip 11 is subjected throughout its travel from its entry into the chamber 12 until the position of said suction bar 26, and by the heating to which the strip 11 is subjected before it is sent towards said suction bar 26.
  • the suction bar 26 has a longitudinal suction slit 27 facing towards the strip 11 being treated, and is connected by means of a tube 28 to a ventilation/suction system 29 connected in turn to the extractor conduit 16 by means of a tube 30.
  • the system 29 determines the passage of a flow of gas (air, water vapor, CO 2 , etc.) through the strip 11, with a speed which depends on the entity of the depression generated by the system 29 itself.
  • the flow determines the mechanical removal of substantially boiling water and humidity from the strip 11 during its passage in the free interspace between the two cylinders 14a and 14b.
  • Ventilation/suction systems 29 may be included, for example installed at the two sides of the suction bar 26, or the suction bar 26 can be directly connected to the extractor conduit 16.
  • the longitudinal suction slit 27 can advantageously have a herring bone configuration, or other geometry suitable to optimize the suction action.
  • the residual pressure maintained inside the chamber 12 has a value in the range of 0.3 ⁇ 0.5 bar, so that the flow of gas passing through the strip 11 with the boiling water has a certain density.
  • the vacuum chamber 12 is created in the space defined by four cylinders, 114a, 114b, 114c and 114d, which can be heated up to 140 ⁇ 150°C.
  • the cylinders 114b and 114d preferably have a steel surface, while the cylinders 114a and 114c are preferably lined with rubber. These rubber-lined cylinders 114a and 114c can be pressed against the surface of the steel cylinders 114b and 114d to perform a double function: to seal the vacuum chamber 12 with respect to the outside and to squeeze the strip 11 with an adjustable pressure from about 10 kg up to 100 kg per linear centimetre at inlet and at outlet of the chamber 12.
  • a sealing device 31 is provided, suitable to insulate the inner environment of the chamber 12 with respect to the outside.
  • the sealing device 31 can be of the type described in the European patent application EP-A-943.719, in the name of one Applicant of this application, or another suitable type.
  • the cylinders 114a-114d can also be arranged inside a closed chamber 23 defined by a box-like structure 24 able to create a thermally insulated environment with respect to the outside.
  • the strip 11 is introduced inside the chamber 12 after a first squeezing caused by the passage firstly between the cylinders 114a and 114d and then between the cylinders 114a and 114b; it is subjected to heating through contact with the surface of the cylinders; finally it is subjected to another squeezing at outlet from the chamber 12 due to its passage between the cylinders 114c and 114d.
  • the strip 11 is always heated by the cylinders to a temperature higher than boiling temperature in the pressure conditions present inside the chamber 12.
  • the strip 11 is wound for a segment outside the chamber 12 on the surface of the heated cylinder 114d to pre-heat it and thus to encourage the subsequent heating, by means of which the water on the strip 11 is brought to boiling point.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, with from 2 to 4 cylinders, is particularly suitable for drying hides after tanning; the short distance between the squeezing points of the cylinders enables an easy drawing in of the hides, which normally have a limited length.
  • the chamber 12 is associated with pump means, similar to those shown in Fig. 1a, to discharge the water extracted from the textile strip 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP02001864A 2001-01-29 2002-01-28 Trocknungsverfahren für Textilmaterial oder gegerbte Häute, sowie Vorrichtung dafür Withdrawn EP1227289A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2001UD000016A ITUD20010016A1 (it) 2001-01-29 2001-01-29 Procedimento di asciugatura per materiale tessile o pelli conciate, e relativo dispositivo
ITUD010016 2001-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1227289A1 true EP1227289A1 (de) 2002-07-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02001864A Withdrawn EP1227289A1 (de) 2001-01-29 2002-01-28 Trocknungsverfahren für Textilmaterial oder gegerbte Häute, sowie Vorrichtung dafür

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EP (1) EP1227289A1 (de)
IT (1) ITUD20010016A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105737538A (zh) * 2016-01-28 2016-07-06 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 一种面料烘干机
CN108507325A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2018-09-07 绍兴市柯桥区炬旺纺织品有限公司 一种用于纺织面料加工的挤干烘干设备
CN110565308A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-12-13 浙江肯特科技股份有限公司 一种床上用品面料除湿成套装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE157972C (de) *
FR1363622A (fr) * 1963-07-12 1964-06-12 Procédé de séchage en continu sous vide de matières en bandes et dispositifs pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR85587E (fr) * 1964-04-09 1965-09-03 Vide Soc Gen Du Perfectionnements aux procédés de séchage
GB1188819A (en) * 1967-04-26 1970-04-22 I T E S Ind Ticinese Essicatoi Cylindrical Vacuum Drier for Sheet Materials and Particularly for Leather.
FR2044533A5 (en) * 1969-05-23 1971-02-19 Gillet Thaon Sa Vapour treatment of rolled textile webs
US3630660A (en) * 1968-10-31 1971-12-28 Burlington Industries Inc Process for removal of moisture and/or solvents from textile materials
GB2100398A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-22 Pegg S & Son Ltd Vacuum drying machines
GB2301425A (en) * 1995-05-27 1996-12-04 Wet Tex Maschinenbau Gmbh Method and apparatus for treating a run of fabric with a vacuum

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE157972C (de) *
FR1363622A (fr) * 1963-07-12 1964-06-12 Procédé de séchage en continu sous vide de matières en bandes et dispositifs pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR85587E (fr) * 1964-04-09 1965-09-03 Vide Soc Gen Du Perfectionnements aux procédés de séchage
GB1188819A (en) * 1967-04-26 1970-04-22 I T E S Ind Ticinese Essicatoi Cylindrical Vacuum Drier for Sheet Materials and Particularly for Leather.
US3630660A (en) * 1968-10-31 1971-12-28 Burlington Industries Inc Process for removal of moisture and/or solvents from textile materials
FR2044533A5 (en) * 1969-05-23 1971-02-19 Gillet Thaon Sa Vapour treatment of rolled textile webs
GB2100398A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-22 Pegg S & Son Ltd Vacuum drying machines
GB2301425A (en) * 1995-05-27 1996-12-04 Wet Tex Maschinenbau Gmbh Method and apparatus for treating a run of fabric with a vacuum

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105737538A (zh) * 2016-01-28 2016-07-06 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 一种面料烘干机
CN108507325A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2018-09-07 绍兴市柯桥区炬旺纺织品有限公司 一种用于纺织面料加工的挤干烘干设备
CN110565308A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-12-13 浙江肯特科技股份有限公司 一种床上用品面料除湿成套装置

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