EP1223767B1 - Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande - Google Patents
Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande Download PDFInfo
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- EP1223767B1 EP1223767B1 EP02000448A EP02000448A EP1223767B1 EP 1223767 B1 EP1223767 B1 EP 1223767B1 EP 02000448 A EP02000448 A EP 02000448A EP 02000448 A EP02000448 A EP 02000448A EP 1223767 B1 EP1223767 B1 EP 1223767B1
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- Prior art keywords
- data
- channel
- remote unit
- transmission
- cdma
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
- H04B7/264—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA] for data rate control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
- H04W76/25—Maintenance of established connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/30—Connection release
- H04W76/34—Selective release of ongoing connections
- H04W76/36—Selective release of ongoing connections for reassigning the resources associated with the released connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
- H04W92/10—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to cellular communication systems and, in particular, to data transmission within a cellular communication system.
- Communication systems are well known and consist of many types including land mobile radio, cellular radiotelephone, personal communication systems, and other communication system types.
- transmissions are conducted between a transmitting device and a receiving device over a communication resource, commonly referred to as a communication channel.
- the transmissions have typically consisted of voice signals. More recently, however, it has been proposed to carry other forms of signals, including high-speed data signals.
- the data transmission capability overlay the existing voice communication capability, such that its operation is essentially transparent to the voice communication system while still utilizing the communication resources and other infrastructure of the voice communication system.
- a received signal at a base station or remote unit comprises a multiplicity of frequency and time overlapping coded signals from individual remote units or base stations, respectively.
- Each of these signals is transmitted simultaneously at the same radio frequency (RF) and is distinguishable only by its specific encoding (channel).
- RF radio frequency
- channel the signal received at a base-station or remote unit receiver is a composite signal of each transmitted signal and an individual signal is distinguishable only after decoding.
- Remote unit data transmission within a cdma2000 communication system takes place by assigning the remote unit a high-speed data channel (referred to as a supplemental channel) and transmitting data as discussed above utilizing the supplemental channel. More specifically, during data transmission (referred to as an Active state) both a supplemental, and a dedicated control channel are allocated to the remote unit. Once data transmission is complete, the supplemental channel is dropped and the remote unit enters a Control Hold State where the dedicated control channel only is assigned. When more data is to be transmitted to the user, the user will move (bounce) back to the Active state. Users moving from the Control Hold state to the Active state will experience a delay (typically around 200 msec) prior to when data transmission can resume.
- a delay typically around 200 msec
- EP 0 959 634 relates to a packet data service in a radio communication system in which a mobile station is operable. After a selected period of communication inactivity if the QoS of the appropriate link is sufficient, the operational state of the mobile station transitions to a control hold power save in which a dedicated control channel remains allocated to the mobile station. Alternatively, if the QoS of the appropriate link is insufficient, the operational state of the mobile station transitions to a virtual traffic channel state in which a communication channel is released from allocation to the mobile station.
- a method for data transmission within a Code Division, Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless communication system comprising the steps of: operating a data transmitter in a CDMA Active state, wherein operating the data transmitter in the CDMA Active state comprises transmitting via a dedicated control channel and a CDMA supplemental channel; operating the data transmitter in a Control Hold state, wherein operating the data transmitter in the Control Hold state comprises transmitting via the dedicated control channel only, and characterized by: determining when the data transmitter is in the CDMA Active state that no more data needs to be transmitted over the CDMA supplemental channel, and, prior to operating the data transmitter in the Control Hold state, delaying transition to the Control Hold state for a period of time, wherein the period of time is based on a data rate.
- CDMA Code Division, Multiple Access
- an apparatus comprising: channel circuitry for transmitting data in a CDMA Active state and in a Control Hold state, wherein transmitting data in the CDMA Active state comprises transmitting via a dedicated control channel and a CDMA supplemental channel and wherein transmitting data in the Control Hold state comprises transmitting via the dedicated control channel only; and a timer coupled to the channel circuitry, wherein the timer delays transition from the Active state to the Control Hold state for a period of time; characterized by further comprising determination means for determining when no more data needs to be transmitted over the CDMA supplemental channel and when so, triggering the timer with the period of time based on a data rate.
- base station 100 can automatically transfer more data to remote unit 113 if new data arrives for remote unit 113 during the delay period.
- the remote unit does not have to change from the Control Hold state to the Active state, greatly reducing the bouncing effect described above.
- the present invention encompasses a method for data transmission within a wireless communication system.
- the method comprises the steps of transmitting data over a wireless data channel at a data rate, determining that no more data needs to be transmitted, and delaying dropping the data channel for a time period based on the data rate.
- the present invention additionally encompasses a method for data transmission within a Code Division, Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless communication system.
- the method comprises the steps of operating a data transmitter in a CDMA Active state and determining that no more data needs to be transmitted over a CDMA supplemental channel.
- transition to the Control Hold state Prior to operating the data transmitter in a Control Hold state, transition to the Control Hold state is delayed for a period of time. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the period of time is based on a data rate.
- the present invention additionally encompasses an apparatus comprising channel circuitry for transmitting data, and a timer coupled to the channel circuitry, wherein the timer delays deactivation of the channel circuitry after data transmission for a period of time, wherein the period of time is based on a data rate.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of base station 100 for transmitting data to remote unit 113 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Base station 100 comprises controller 101, timer 102, multiple fundamental channel circuits 103, one or more supplemental channel circuits 105, summer 111, and modulator 115. As shown, base station 100 is communicating to remote unit 113 via downlink communication signal 117, and remote unit 113 is communicating to base station 100 via uplink communication signal 119.
- communication to/from remote unit 113 may take place utilizing the supplemental channel circuitry 105 and/or fundamental channel circuitry 103.
- base station 100 and remote unit 113 utilize two classes of channels defined for both forward and reverse transmission. The description of the preferred embodiments will be provided with data transmission taking place from base station 100 to remote unit 113, however, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that data transmission may take place in a similar manner from remote unit 113 to base station 100 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the fundamental channels also known as the dedicated channels are similar to existing CDMA traffic channels and are used for voice, data, and signaling.
- CDMA traffic channels are described in detail in cdma2000 Standards for Spread Spectrum Systems, Telecommunications Industry Association Standard IS-2000 (often referred to as cdma2000 or IS95C), Washington, DC June 1999.
- IS-95C Telecommunications Industry Association Standard
- the transmission rate of this channel may vary dynamically.
- soft handoff Simultaneous communication utilizing more than one fundamental channel circuit 103 is supported utilizing fundamental channel circuitry 103.
- the supplemental channels are utilized for communicating high data rate services to remote unit 113, with the data rate of the supplemental channels being negotiated prior to transmission. Multiple data sources are time multiplexed on this channel.
- the Quality-of-Service e.g., Frame Error Rate (FER), Bit Error Rate (BER) and/or Transmission Delay
- FER Frame Error Rate
- BER Bit Error Rate
- Transmission Delay the Quality-of-Service
- Data transmission from base station 100 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention occurs as follows: During time periods where remote unit 113 is not actively communicating to base station 100 utilizing either a fundamental or a supplemental channel, remote unit 113 is in a suspended state, actively or periodically monitoring a forward control channel (IS-95C paging channel) for notification of any pending transmission by base station 100.
- IS-95C paging channel paging channel circuitry
- paging channel circuitry (not shown) is utilized to send messages to remote unit 113 indicating pending downlink transmissions.
- paging channels circuitry is described in IS-95C .
- Base station 100 determines that a high data rate transmission to remote unit 113 needs to take place and determines if supplemental channel circuitry 105 is available for utilization.
- a supplemental channel may not be available for transmission to remote unit 113. Because of this, remote unit 113 will be placed in a queue until supplemental channel circuitry 105 is available for transmission. Whether or not remote unit 113 is placed in a queue, remote unit 113 is placed in a Control Hold state where it is assigned a fundamental channel or a dedicated control channel. In particular, base station 100 notifies remote unit 113 of spreading codes (Walsh Codes) utilized by the fundamental and supplemental channels and an assigned data rate of the supplemental channel. Additionally, initial power control takes place at this point utilizing the fundamental channel as described in IS-95C.
- Walsh Codes spreading codes
- remote unit 113 Once at the appropriate power level, and when a supplemental channel becomes available, remote unit 113 enters an Active State, where communication utilizing the supplemental channel (i.e., data transmission) occurs.
- supplemental channel circuitry 105 assigned to remote unit 113 outputs data to be transmitted to summer 111, where it is summed with other channel transmissions.
- the resulting summed transmissions are then QPSK modulated by modulator 115, and transmitted to remote unit 113 via downlink communication signal 117.
- Transmission on the supplemental channel may stop, inter alia, for two reasons. Firstly, all data has been communicated to remote unit 113. In this situation, remote unit 113 will perform an acknowledgment of the last frames transmitted. In particular, error control takes place either by Acknowledging (ACK) packets that have been received and/or by providing a Negative Acknowledgement (NAK) for messages whose sequence number has not been received even though later numbered messages have been received. (Note that if NAK procedures are used, the successful reception of the last packet must be acknowledged even if the protocol uses NAK only procedures during the rest of the data transmission).
- ACK Acknowledging
- NAK Negative Acknowledgement
- base station 100 prior to sending remote unit 113 a message to tear down the supplemental channel, base station 100 will delay (by X) the sending of a teardown message. If, during the delay period, no more data is to be transmitted to remote unit 113, a teardown message will be sent to remote unit 113 instructing remote unit 113 to drop the supplemental channel and proceed to a Control Hold state.
- base station 100 can automatically transfer more data to remote unit 113 if new data arrives for remote unit 113 during the delay period.
- the remote unit does not have to change from the Control Hold state to the Active state, greatly reducing the bouncing effect described above.
- remote unit 113 will delay tearing down the channel by a delay period (X).
- the delay period (X) is varied based on the data transmission rate. More particularly, as the data rate increases, the delay will increase proportionally. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention a delay of 200 msec is used for average data rates of 19 KBPS. The delay period is increased linearly to 500 msec for data rates of 100 KBPS. Varying the delay period in proportion to the data transmission rate, can cut down on the bouncing effect, while minimizing the time period a remote unit needlessly holds the supplemental channel. For example, during slow data rate transmission, data will have a higher probability of "piling up" at the transmitting end.
- a second reason for ceasing transmission on the supplemental channel is because transmission utilizing the supplemental channel has exceeded an allotted time period (or number of frames). For example, when sharing the supplemental channel, remote units may be allocated a certain number of frames for data transmission. After the period of transmission ends, the remote unit typically drops the channel so a second remote unit may utilize the channel for their data transmission needs. In this situation the second remote unit moves from a Control Hold state to the Active state. However, as discussed above, the changing from Control Hold to Active, typically takes a period of time. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first remote unit will continue transmitting during this time period. This situation is illustrated in FIG. 2.
- a first mobile unit is assigned to transmit in frames 1-4, however, the first mobile unit will continue to transmit into frame 5 (assigned to a second mobile unit). Therefore, both the first and the second mobile units transmit during the same frame on the same supplemental channel, however the first mobile unit will transmit only during the frame.
- both the first and the second mobile units will be actively transmitting during the same frame on the same channel. However, as discussed above, it takes a period of time to transition from the Control Hold state to the Active state. Therefore, it is impossible for the second mobile unit to begin transmitting of frame 5.
- the first remote unit will continue transmitting for a time period (X) or number of frames (X) after its assigned frames have passed.
- the time period is based on how long or how many frames it takes to move from the Control Hold state to the Active state, since X must be less than this time period or number of frames
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of fundamental channel circuitry of FIG. 1 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fundamental channel circuitry 103 includes channel multiplexer 201, convolutional encoder 212, symbol repeater 215, block interleaver 216, long code scrambler 217, and orthogonal encoder 220.
- signal 210 (traffic channel data bits) is received by channel multiplexer 201 at a particular bit rate (e.g., 8.6 kbit/second).
- Input traffic channel data 210 bits typically include voice converted to data by a vocoder, pure data, or a combination of the two types of data.
- Channel multiplexer 201 multiplexes secondary traffic (e.g., data), and/or signaling traffic (e.g.
- Convolutional encoder 212 encodes input data bits 210 into data symbols at a fixed encoding rate with an encoding algorithm which facilitates subsequent maximum likelihood decoding of the data symbols into data bits (e.g. convolutional or block coding algorithms). For example, convolutional encoder 212 encodes input data bits 210 (received at a rate of 9.6 kbit/second) at a fixed encoding rate of one data bit to two data symbols (i.e., rate 1/3) such that convolutional encoder 212 outputs data symbols 214 at a 28.8 ksymbol/second rate.
- Data symbols 214 are then repeated by repeater 215 and input into interleaver 216.
- Interleaver 216 interleaves the input data symbols 214 at the symbol level.
- data symbols 214 are individually input into a matrix which defines a predetermined size block of data symbols 214.
- Data symbols 214 are input into locations within a matrix so that the matrix is filled in a column by column manner.
- Data symbols 214 are individually output from locations within the matrix so that the matrix is emptied in a row by row manner.
- the matrix is a square matrix having a number of rows equal to the number of columns; however, other matrix forms can be chosen to increase the output interleaving distance between the consecutively input non-interleaved data symbols.
- Interleaved data symbols 218 are output by interleaver 216 at the same data symbol rate that they were input (e.g., 28.8 ksymbol/second).
- the predetermined size of the block of data symbols defined by the matrix is derived from the maximum number of data symbols which can be transmitted at a predetermined symbol rate within a predetermined length transmission block. For example, if the predetermined length of the transmission block is 20 milliseconds, then the predetermined size of the block of data symbols is 28.8 ksymbol/second times 20 milliseconds which equals 576 data symbols which defines a 18 by 32 matrix.
- Interleaved data symbols 218 are scrambled by scrambler 217 and output to orthogonal encoder 220.
- Orthogonal encoder 220 modulo 2 adds an orthogonal code (e.g., a 256-ary Walsh code) to each interleaved and scrambled data symbol 218.
- an orthogonal code e.g., a 256-ary Walsh code
- interleaved and scrambled data symbols 218 are each exclusive OR'd by a 256 symbol orthogonal code.
- These 256 orthogonal codes preferably correspond to Walsh codes from a 256 by 256 Hadamard matrix wherein a Walsh code is a single row or column of the matrix.
- Orthogonal encoder 220 repetitively outputs a Walsh code which corresponds to input data symbol 218 at a fixed symbol rate (e.g., 28.8 ksymbol/second).
- Sequence of Walsh codes 242 are further spread by a pair of short pseudorandom codes 224 (i.e. short when compared to the long code) to generate an I-channel and Q-channel code spread sequence 226.
- the I-channel and Q-channel code spread sequences 226 are used to bi-phase modulate a quadrature pair of sinusoids by driving the power level controls of the pair of sinusoids.
- the sinusoids output signals are summed, QPSK modulated (by modulator 115) and radiated by antenna 120 to complete transmission of channel data bits 210.
- spread sequences 226 are output at a rate of 3.6864 Mega Chips per second (Mcps) and radiated within a 5 MHz bandwidth, but in alternate embodiments of the present invention, spread sequences 226 may be output at a different rate and radiated within a different bandwidth.
- Mcps Mega Chips per second
- an IS-95C transmission scheme may be utilized where spread sequences 226 are output at a rate of 1.2288 Mcps (traffic channel chip rate) within a 1.25 MHz bandwidth. Because each data symbol is exclusive OR'd by a 128 symbol orthogonal code, the actual input data symbol transmission rate (at step 218) is 19.2 Kcps (utilizing a 1 ⁇ 2 convolutional encoder).
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of supplemental channel circuitry 105 of FIG. 1 for transmitting data in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Supplemental channel circuitry 105 includes channel multiplexer 301, convolutional encoder 312, symbol repeater 315, block interleaver 316, and orthogonal encoder 320.
- signal 310 data
- channel multiplexer 301 receives signal 310 (data) from channel multiplexer 301 at a particular bit rate (e.g., 152.4 kbit/second).
- Channel multiplexer 301 multiplexes secondary traffic (e.g., user data) onto the supplemental channel data 310 and outputs the multiplexed data to convolutional encoder 312 at 153.6 kb/s.
- Convolutional encoder 312 encodes input data bits 310 into data symbols at a fixed encoding rate with an encoding algorithm which facilitates subsequent maximum likelihood decoding of the data symbols into data bits (e.g. convolutional or block coding algorithms). For example, convolutional encoder 312 encodes input data bits 310 (received at a rate of 153.6 kbit/second) at a fixed encoding rate of one data bit to two data symbols (i.e., rate 1/3) such that convolutional encoder 312 outputs data symbols 314 at a 460.8 kbit/second rate.
- an encoding algorithm which facilitates subsequent maximum likelihood decoding of the data symbols into data bits. For example, convolutional encoder 312 encodes input data bits 310 (received at a rate of 153.6 kbit/second) at a fixed encoding rate of one data bit to two data symbols (i.e., rate 1/3) such that convolutional encoder 312 outputs data symbols 314 at a 460.8 kbit/
- Data symbols 314 are then input into interleaver 316.
- Interleaver 316 interleaves the input data symbols 314 at the symbol level.
- data symbols 314 are individually input into a matrix which defines a predetermined size block of data symbols 314.
- Data symbols 314 are input into locations within a matrix so that the matrix is filled in a column by column manner.
- Data symbols 314 are individually output from locations within the matrix so that the matrix is emptied in a row by row manner.
- the matrix is a square matrix having a number of rows equal to the number of columns; however, other matrix forms can be chosen to increase the output interleaving distance between the consecutively input non-interleaved data symbols.
- Interleaved data symbols 318 are output by interleaver 316 at the same data symbol rate that they were input (e.g., 460.8 ksymbol/second).
- the predetermined size of the block of data symbols defined by the matrix is derived from the maximum number of data symbols which can be transmitted at a predetermined symbol rate within a predetermined length transmission block. For example, if the predetermined length of the transmission block is 20 milliseconds, then the predetermined size of the block of data symbols is 9.216 ksymbols.
- Interleaved data symbols 318 are repeated by repeater 315 and output to orthogonal encoder 320.
- Orthogonal encoder 320 modulo 2 adds an orthogonal code (e.g., a 16-ary Walsh code) to each interleaved and scrambled data symbol 318.
- an orthogonal code e.g., a 16-ary Walsh code
- interleaved and scrambled data symbols 318 are each exclusive OR'd by a 16 symbol orthogonal code.
- These 16 orthogonal codes preferably correspond to Walsh codes from a 16 by 16 Hadamard matrix wherein a Walsh code is a single row or column of the matrix.
- Orthogonal encoder 320 repetitively outputs a Walsh code or its inverse which corresponds to input data symbol 318 at a fixed symbol rate (e.g., 460.8 ksymbol/second).
- Sequence of weighted Walsh codes 342 are further spread by a pair of short pseudorandom codes 324 (i.e. short when compared to the long code) to generate an I-channel and Q-channel code spread sequence 326.
- the I-channel and Q-channel code spread sequences 326 are used to bi-phase modulate a quadrature pair of sinusoids by driving the power level controls of the pair of sinusoids.
- the sinusoids output signals are summed, QPSK modulated (by modulator 115) and radiated by antenna 120 to complete transmission of channel data bits 310.
- spread sequences 326 are output at 3.6864 Mcps and radiated within a 5 MHz bandwidth.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating transmission of data in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the logic flow begins at step 401 where a transmitting device is actively transmitting (CDMA Active state) over a wireless data channel (e.g., CDMA supplemental channel) to a receiving device at a data rate.
- a transmitting device is actively transmitting (CDMA Active state) over a wireless data channel (e.g., CDMA supplemental channel) to a receiving device at a data rate.
- CDMA Active state e.g., CDMA supplemental channel
- the transmitting and receiving device may be a base stations transmitting to a remote/mobile unit, or vice versa.
- data transmission takes place via an over-the-air protocol such as a CDMA/GSM over the air protocol.
- the transmitting device determines if all data has been transmitted to the receiving device, and if not, the logic flow returns to step 401.
- step 403 the logic flow continues to step 405.
- the transmitting device activates a delay timer 102 to delay sending a teardown message to the receiving device.
- delay timer 102 may, or may not generate a time length based upon a data transmission rate.
- a teardown message is sent to the receiving device (step 407) placing the transmitter in a Control Hold state.
- transmitting device can automatically transfer more data to receiving device if new data arrives for the receiving device during the delay period.
- the receiving device does not have to change from the Control Hold state to the Active state, greatly reducing the bouncing effect.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating transmission of data in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
- the logic flow begins at step 501 where a first and a second receiving device are sharing a common over-the-air channel for data transmission. Each receiving device is allocated a certain time period, or number of frames, in which to transmit and receive data.
- a first receiving device e.g., a remote unit
- a transmitting device e.g., a base station
- the base station determines if the remote unit has reached the time limit, or frame limit for data transmission.
- step 505 If, at step 505 it is determined that the remote unit has not reached the end of its time/frame limit for data transmission, the logic flow returns to step 503, otherwise the logic flow continues to step 507.
- step 507 the base station continues to transmit into the next time period/frame(s) assigned to the second receiving device for a predetermined period of time, and simultaneously places the second receiving device (e.g., second remote unit) into the Active state.
- both the first and the second remote units transmit during the same frame/time on the shared channel, however the base station will transmit to the first remote unit for a predetermined time period (X) into the overlapping time/frame.
- X time period
- the first remote unit will continue transmitting for a time period (X) after its assigned frames have passed.
- the time period is based on how long it takes to move from the Control Hold state to the Active state, since X must be less than this time period.
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- a Temporary Block Flow (TBF) is created for transferring data packets on a packet data channel.
- the TBF is a logical connection used by two mutually communicating Radio Resource (RR) peer entities to support the unidirectional transfer of Logical Link Control (LLC) packet Dada Units (PDU) from upper Logical Link Control (LLC) layers on physical channels for packet data.
- RR Radio Resource
- LLC Logical Link Control
- PDU Logical Link Control
- multiple remote units transmit data on a particular frequency, during a plurality of time slots. Data transmission for a GPRS system is illustrated in FIG. 7. As shown, multiple remote units will share a first group of timeslots for uplink transmission, and a second group of timeslots for downlink transmission.
- the physical data channels are not torn down as in a CDMA system.
- the data channel remains active, with multiple users sharing access to the channel. More particularly, any user who desires to transmit/receive data will be assigned a logical channel that will utilize the physical data channels.
- the transmitting entity i.e., the base station or remote unit
- the transmitting entity will release the TBF via a tear-down message comprising reserved bits.
- a tear-down message comprising reserved bits.
- a base station terminates the TBF by setting a final block indicator bit (FBI) to '0'.
- a transmitting entity will hold onto the TBF until it is released by the network.
- dummy Radio Link Control (RLC) data will be at least occasionally transmitted by the network during the time period that the network is holding the downlink TBF.
- RLC Radio Link Control
- the mobile is requested to occasionally transmit uplink blocks during the time period that the network is holding the uplink TBF. This time period allows the network to establish a downlink TBF and/or provides the mobile an opportunity to extend the uplink TBF without establishing another uplink TBF.
- the probability of the receiving entity having a reply ready when the final polling occurs is increased. More particularly, during the normal operation or delayed release of a TBF between the network and a mobile, the GPRS RLC/MAC protocol allows establishment of the TBF in the opposite direction between the network and the same mobile significantly quicker than when no such TBF is already established. In typical Internet applications, an Internet data packet (IP packet) is transferred from the mobile to the network in an uplink TBF and the network generates a reply IP packet within several hundred milliseconds.
- IP packet Internet data packet
- the downlink TBF needed to transfer the reply from the network to the mobile can be created much quicker than if the mobile were in idle mode and no uplink TBF was active.
- the uplink TBF significantly speeds up the establishment of the downlink TBF and so speeds up the transfer of the reply from the network to the mobile.
- typically smaller speed up occurs in the opposite direction if the initial data is transferred from the network to the mobile.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a call-flow diagram for messaging/data transmission in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- downlink data transmission takes place via data blocks 801 during the first two transmissions from the base station.
- the base station delays tearing down the TBF by sending the last data block containing LLC data 802 with the FBI bit set to 0 and with the S/P bit set to 1, which signals the remote unit to transmit a Packet Downlink Ack/Nack 803.
- the base station then periodically transmits dummy data blocks 804 to the remote unit with the S/P bit set to 1, which signals the remote unit to transmit a Packet Downlink Ack/Nack 805 to allow the remote unit to request establishment of an uplink TBF.
- the base station When the base station receives the request to establish an uplink TBF, the base station sends the Packet Uplink Assignment message 806 to the remote unit. The remote unit then begins to transmit data blocks on the uplink TBF. Finally, the base station transmits a dummy data block with the S/P bit set to 1 and with the FBI bit set to 1 (807), signaling the remote unit to end the TBF. The remote unit responds with a Packet Downlink Ack/Nack message with the Final_Ack_Indicator bit set to 1 and then ends the TBF.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a call-flow diagram where downlink data transmission takes place via data blocks 901 from the base station to the remote unit.
- the base station delays tearing down the TBF by requesting a Packet Downlink Ack/Nack 903 from the remote unit with the S/P bit set to 1 and the FBI bit set to 0 in the last data block containing LLC 902.
- the base station will periodically transmit dummy data 904 or new data blocks 905 to the remote unit without requiring a new downlink TBF establishment.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a call-flow diagram where uplink data transmission takes place via data blocks 1001 from the remote unit to the base station.
- the remote unit indicates the transmission of the last data block 1002 by setting countdown value (CV) to 0.
- the base station delays 1003 the sending of the Packet Uplink Ack/Nack response 1005 to the remote unit for some time. If the base station receives a request to send data to the remote unit then the base station can establish the downlink TBF by sending a Packet Downlink Assignment message 1004. At a time of its choosing the base station initiates release of the uplink TBF by sending a Packet Uplink Ack/Nack 1005 and polling the mobile for a Packet Control Acknowledgement 1006. The base station continues to transmit data 1007 to the remote unit as the downlink TBF continues.
- CV countdown value
- FIG. 11 illustrates a call-flow diagram where uplink data transmission takes place via data blocks 1101 from the remote unit to the base station.
- the remote unit indicates the transmission of the last data block 1102 by setting countdown value (CV) to 0.
- the base station sends the Packet Uplink Ack/Nack 1103 to the remote unit with Final_Ack_Indicator bit set to 0 without releasing the uplink TBF.
- the base station will periodically give the remote unit a chance to transmit data and if the remote unit has no data then the remote unit sends a dummy control block 1104.
- the base station can establish the downlink TBF 1105 and then initiate release of uplink TBF by sending a Packet Uplink Ack/Nack 1106 and polling the mobile for a Packet Control Ack 1107.
- the base station continues to transmit data 1108 to the remote unit.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a call-flow diagram where uplink data transmission takes place via data blocks 1201 from the remote unit to the base station.
- the remote unit indicates the transmission of the last data block 1202 by setting countdown value (CV) to 0.
- the base station sends the Packet Uplink Ack/Nack 1203 to the remote unit with Final_Ack_Indicator bit set to 0 without releasing the uplink TBF.
- the base station will periodically give the remote unit a chance to transmit data and if the remote unit has no data then the remote unit sends a dummy control block 1204 otherwise the remote unit transmits data blocks 1205.
- the network When the network exhausts its supply of downlink data for the downlink TBF, it may delay release of the downlink TBF (i.e., cease transmission of downlink RLC data blocks without releasing the TBF) or it may release the TBF by following the procedure in section 9.3.2.6 or 9.3.3.5.
- the last RLC data block containing valid LLC PDU data does not end on an LLC PDU boundary, it shall be filled using the procedure in section 10.4.16.
- the block shall then be sent to the mobile station with the FBI bit set to the value '0'.
- the network shall then maintain the release delayed TBF by sending downlink dummy RLC data blocks to the mobile station at least sufficiently often to prevent expiry of timer T3190, as required by power control requirements, and as needed to poll the mobile station for requests to establish an uplink TBF.
- the network shall cease transmission of the downlink dummy RLC data blocks and resume transmission of RLC data blocks.
- the network shall use the procedure in section 9.3.2.6 or 9.3.3.5, using downlink dummy RLC data blocks in place of RLC data blocks if no RLC data blocks are available.
- the downlink dummy RLC data block is composed of a CS-1 RLC data block with one length octet indicating the LLC PDU ends at the end of the RLC data block, and with the RLC data field containing a 19 octet Dummy LLC PDU (see GSM 04.64).
- the EGPRS downlink dummy RLC data block is composed of an RLC data block with one length octet indicating the LLC PDU ends at the end of the RLC data block, and with the RLC data field containing a Dummy LLC PDU (see GSM 04.64) of sufficient size as to completely fill the RLC data field.
- the RLC data field contains octets from one or more LLC PDUs.
- the RLC data field may contain parts of one or two LLC PDUs and all of an arbitrary number of LLC PDUs.
- the E bit, the M bit, and the Length Indicator delimit the RLC data field into LLC PDUs.
- an extension octet shall be used to indicate the number of valid RLC data octets and the remainder of the RLC data field shall be filled with filler octets with the value '00101011'. Only the last RLC data block of the TBF may contain filler octets.
- an extention octet shall be used with the length field indicating the end of the RLC data block, and the remainder of the RLC data field shall be filled according to the following rules:
- the dummy LLC PDU is formatted as shown in Figure 12. All octets from octet 4 to octet 74 have the same value. This PDU is recognized by the receiving LLC entity as an invalid PDU and is discarded. If a 1 octet dummy LLC PDU is needed, octet 1 is used. If a 2 octet LLC PDU is needed, octet1 and octet 2 are used, etc. The dummy LLC PDU is at most 74 octets long. The dummy LLC PDU may be inserted into the LLC data stream by lower layer protocols without affecting the operation of the LLC protocol.
- the SAPI is 3, which is User Data 1.
- the LLC sequence number N(U) is 0. Encryption is not enabled.
- the PM bit is 1, which indicates that the LLC header is protected by the LLC FCS. No matter how many of the octets are included in the dummy LLC PDU, the FCS is either not present or is invalid, which invalidates the entire LLC PDU.
- the information field contains the hexadecimal value 2B, which is the preferred fill pattern for optimizing the air interface physical layer performance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Procédé pour la transmission de données dans un système de communication sans fil du type accès multiple à répartition par codes (CDMA), le procédé comprenant les étapes qui consistent à :activer un émetteur de données (100) dans un état CDMA Actif, où le fonctionnement de l'émetteur de données (100) dans l'état CDMA Actif comprend la transmission via un canal de contrôle dédié et un canal supplémentaire CDMA ; activer l'émetteur de données (100) dans un état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle, où le fonctionnement de l'émetteur de données (100) dans l'état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle comprend la transmission via le canal de contrôle dédié uniquement ;et caractérisé par les étapes qui consistent à :déterminer, lorsque l'émetteur de données (100) est dans l'état CDMA Actif, qu'il n'y a plus de données qui ont besoin d'être transmises sur le canal supplémentaire CDMA ; etavant d'activer l'émetteur de données (100) dans l'état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle, retarder la transition vers l'état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle pendant un certain laps de temps, où le laps de temps est fonction d'un débit des données.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'étape de retardement d'abandon du canal de données pendant un laps de temps qui est fonction du débit des données comprend l'étape qui consiste à retarder l'abandon du canal de données pendant un certain laps de temps, où le laps de temps est proportionnel au débit des données.
- Appareil (100) comprenant :des circuits de canaux (103, 105, 111, 115) pour la transmission de données dans un état CDMA Actif et dans un état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle, où la transmission des données dans l'état CDMA Actif comprend la transmission via un canal de contrôle dédié et un canal supplémentaire CDMA et où la transmission des données dans l'état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle comprend la transmission via le canal de contrôle dédié uniquement ; etun chronomètre (102) couplée aux circuits de canaux, où le chronomètre retarde la transition de l'état Actif à l'état Maintien du Canal de Contrôle pendant un certain laps de temps ;caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, en outre :des moyens de détermination (101) pour déterminer lorsqu'il n'y a plus de données qui ont besoin d'être transmises sur le canal supplémentaire CDMA, et lorsque tel est le cas, déclencher le chronomètre (102) avec le laps de temps fonction d'un débit des données.
- Appareil (100) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le laps de temps est proportionnel au débit des données.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04002778A EP1427227A3 (fr) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-08 | Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US760039 | 2001-01-12 | ||
US09/760,039 US20040196861A1 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Packet data transmission within a broad-band communication system |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04002778A Division EP1427227A3 (fr) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-08 | Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1223767A1 EP1223767A1 (fr) | 2002-07-17 |
EP1223767B1 true EP1223767B1 (fr) | 2006-09-13 |
Family
ID=25057888
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04002778A Withdrawn EP1427227A3 (fr) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-08 | Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande |
EP02000448A Expired - Lifetime EP1223767B1 (fr) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-08 | Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04002778A Withdrawn EP1427227A3 (fr) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-08 | Transmission de paquets de données dans un système de communication à large bande |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20040196861A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP1427227A3 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1170449C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE339855T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60214610T2 (fr) |
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-
2001
- 2001-01-12 US US09/760,039 patent/US20040196861A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-01-08 EP EP04002778A patent/EP1427227A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-08 AT AT02000448T patent/ATE339855T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-08 EP EP02000448A patent/EP1223767B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-08 DE DE60214610T patent/DE60214610T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-11 CN CNB02101633XA patent/CN1170449C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE339855T1 (de) | 2006-10-15 |
CN1170449C (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
DE60214610T2 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
DE60214610D1 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
EP1427227A2 (fr) | 2004-06-09 |
CN1366430A (zh) | 2002-08-28 |
EP1223767A1 (fr) | 2002-07-17 |
US20040196861A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
EP1427227A3 (fr) | 2004-10-20 |
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