EP1223595A1 - Air insulated high tension isolating switch - Google Patents

Air insulated high tension isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1223595A1
EP1223595A1 EP01403038A EP01403038A EP1223595A1 EP 1223595 A1 EP1223595 A1 EP 1223595A1 EP 01403038 A EP01403038 A EP 01403038A EP 01403038 A EP01403038 A EP 01403038A EP 1223595 A1 EP1223595 A1 EP 1223595A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
angle
fingers
disconnector
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01403038A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1223595B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Demissy
Anh-Dung Huynh
Richard Marchand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Alstom SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom SA filed Critical Alstom SA
Publication of EP1223595A1 publication Critical patent/EP1223595A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1223595B1 publication Critical patent/EP1223595B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H01H2031/286—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact wherein the contact is rotatable around its own longitudinal axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/023—Base and stationary contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/026—Movable parts and contacts mounted thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage disconnector with air insulation.
  • a disconnector notably includes an arm, often called a blade, pivoting around a horizontal axis and electrically connected to one of its ends to a first connector disposed at the top of a first insulating column; the other end of the arm, the free end, has a contact part, called hammer, which cooperates, in the closed position of the disconnector, with a jaw connected to a second connector disposed at the top of a second insulating column.
  • the jaw consists of two parallel rows facing each other, contact parts each formed from a curved copper strip and attached to a jaw support.
  • the hammer which extends the arm to its end is a piece of bronze, heavy and expensive whose section by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the arm corresponds to a smaller circle diameter than that of the arm and which flattens over a diameter extending to reach the diameter of the arm, the thickness of these two extensions diametral being 2 to 3 mm with rounded edges.
  • the present invention proposes to improve certain aspects of a disconnector of this type and relates to a high voltage disconnector with air insulation comprising a pivoting arm capable of pivoting at one of its ends, around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis ⁇ of the arm and also able to rotate around its own axis ⁇ , the free end of the arm carrying a contact piece called cooperating hammer, in position closed disconnector, with a jaw comprising a support jaw to which are fixed two rows facing each other with contact, characterized in that said hammer is fitted with pads contact cooperating with the contact fingers, each contact pad forming a corner, of angle ⁇ , which, when the disconnector closes, meets the corresponding row of fingers with an angle of attack ⁇ , said angle of attack ⁇ being less than 90 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is of the order of 30 to 40 ° and the angle ⁇ is of the order of 60 °.
  • each contact pad has a curved contact face extending over an angle ⁇ , seen from the axis ⁇ of the arm, this angle ⁇ being of the order of 17 °.
  • the angle ⁇ seen from the axis ⁇ arm, between this point of contact and the plane perpendicular to the finger contact passing through the axis ⁇ , is of the order of 10 °.
  • said contact fingers are fixed to the jaw support so that, in the closed position of the disconnector, the angle E between the axis ⁇ of the arm and the contact fingers is greater than 90 °.
  • said fingers facing each other make between them an angle ⁇ between 2 and 6 °.
  • said contact fingers are tubular and open at both ends.
  • a locking stop is fixed to a contact finger at a level located above said hammer in position disconnector closed.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial view, from the left of FIG. 2, a disconnector according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along II-II of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the jaw of the switch.
  • Fig. 5 shows the section of a contact finger of the jaw.
  • Fig. 6 is a section on VI-VI of FIG. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the angle of attack of the hammer with the jaw contact fingers when rotating the hammer during the disconnector closing.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the angular contact range at constant pressure of the jaw fingers against the hammer.
  • a disconnector comprising a pivoting arm 1 of axis ⁇ able to pivot in a vertical plane around a horizontal axis perpendicular to ⁇ , not shown, located to the left of fig. 1.
  • the unrepresented part of the arm, its control pivoting about said horizontal axis, as well as its control rotation about its axis ⁇ , as well as its support, are not part of the invention and could, for example, be in accordance with what is described in French Patent 2,674,985 with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the arm 1 is tubular, as can be seen in fig. 2, and brings to its free end a contact piece called hammer 2.
  • the hammer is composed of an aluminum support piece 3 on which were fixed two copper contact plates 4A and 4B. This lightens the hammer.
  • contact pads 4A and 4B of a particular shape, specified further on, constitute the cooperating contact parts, in the closed position of the disconnector with two rows, facing each other, of contact fingers 5A and 5B of the disconnector jaw.
  • a jaw support 6 which fingers 5A and 5B are fixed to a jaw support 6 by a welding 7.
  • a stop 8 for limiting the penetration of arm 1 between fingers 5A and 5B of the jaw.
  • a connector 9 is also fixed to the jaw support 6.
  • a second connector, not shown, is electrically connected to the end not represented by arm 1, on the side of its articulation around a horizontal axis.
  • the jaw is supported at the upper end of an insulator support which is not visible, fig. 1, that the fitting 10 at its end higher.
  • the arm 1 When closing, the arm 1 begins by pivoting around its horizontal axis until entering the jaw, between fingers 5A and 5B making a swivel angle of about 92 °, then the arm 1 rotates around its axis ⁇ by 90 ° in the direction of arrow 15, fig. 7. It is while in the closed position, as shown in these figs. 1 to 3.
  • arm 1 undergoes an effort F tending to extend the arm from the jaw.
  • This electrodynamic effort becomes very important in the event of a short circuit between phase and earth or between two phases.
  • the fingers 5A and 5B are fixed to the jaw support 6 so that the angle E between the axis ⁇ of the arm 1 in the closed position and the fingers 5A-5B is greater than 90 °.
  • the force F is maximum when the fingers 5A-5B are perpendicular to the axis ⁇ of arm 1 and it decreases when this angle increases. Taking for example an angle E of 120 °, the force F is approximately 0.6 times that in the case where the angle E is 90 °.
  • the angle E is approximately 120 ° and preferably between 100 and 140 °.
  • fingers 5A and 5B are not parallel but form between them a slight angle ⁇ of a few degrees of the order of 2 to 6 °.
  • the fingers 5A and 5B are welded to the jaw support 6 making an angle D of 88 °, which gives an angle of 4 ° between the fingers 5A and 5B.
  • a stop of lock 11 is fixed to a contact finger 5B at a level above hammer 2 in the closed position of the disconnector.
  • this stop 11 has no disadvantage since the opening begins with a 90 ° rotation of the hammer 2 in the direction of the arrow marked 12, fig. 2, before pivoting of the arm 1 around of a horizontal axis perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1.
  • the fingers 5A and 5B facing each other are fixed, as has been said, to the jaw support 6 by welding 7 with angles E and D and have a profile tubular open at both ends so as to induce an exchange thermal by convection in the tube.
  • These fingers are made of aluminum and each equipped on the side facing the row opposite, with a blade copper contact 13A, 13B cooperating directly with the pads hammer copper contact 4A, 4B 2.
  • a retaining rod, respectively 14A, 14B and 14C connects, in pairs, fingers 5A and 5B so as to limit their spacing. These retaining rods are located approximately mid-length of the contact fingers 5A, 5B.
  • the fingers 5A, 5B flex, forming spring, between rods 14A, 14B and 14C and the upper end of the fingers, ensuring each finger self-positioning against the pads copper contact 4A and 4B of hammer 2, thus optimizing the contact line between the hammer and the fingers.
  • the arm 1 undergoes an electrodynamic force of lateral displacement in the direction of F 1 or F 2 (fig. 2), depending on whether the short circuit takes place with a phase located to the right or left of the phase on which the disconnector currently described is located.
  • This movement thanks to the spring effect of the fingers and the retaining rods 14A, 14B and 14C does not cause contact breakage between the contact parts 4A and 4B of the hammer and the contact blades 13A, 13B of the fingers .
  • Fig. 5 shows the section of a finger, for example 5B, and FIG. 6 this same finger in section according to VI-VI of fig. 5.
  • the pads which have a corner end 16 having an angle ⁇ meet fingers with an angle of attack ⁇ .
  • This angle of attack ⁇ is less than 90 ° and preferably of the order of 60 °, and makes it possible to break the ice which may have forming on the contact blades 13A, 13B.
  • the angle ⁇ of the corner 16 is by example of the order of 30 to 40 °.
  • this contact occurs while the distance between the axis ⁇ of the corner point 16 is greater than the distance separating the axis ⁇ from fingers 13A, 13B so that from this moment and until the corner point 16 arrives at point 18, which corresponds to a rotation of one angle y of about 10 °; contact pads 4A, 4B repel fingers 5A, 5B acting as a spring, the contact pressure increasing up to this point. Then, the contact face 19 being curved, the contact pressure remains substantially constant over a range of rotation at an angle ⁇ , fig. 8 about 17 ° corresponding to the angle ⁇ covered by the contact surface 19 contact pads 4A, 4B seen from the ⁇ axis.
  • This contact range at constant pressure on an angle ⁇ of approximately 17 ° makes it possible to overcome the angular deviations resulting from a deficient adjustment or a loss of precision caused by wear of components.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

The high voltage circuit breaker has a pivot arm (1) rotating around an axis and having a striker (2) contacting contact sections (5A,5B) in the closed position. The striker has contact sections (4A,4B) forming a corner (16) forming an angle (Beta) smaller than the contact angle (Alpha) itself smaller than 90 degrees.

Description

La présente invention concerne un sectionneur à haute tension à isolation dans l'air.The present invention relates to a high voltage disconnector with air insulation.

Un sectionneur comprend notamment un bras, souvent appelé lame, pivotant autour d'un axe horizontal et relié électriquement à l'une de ses extrémités à un premier connecteur disposé au sommet d'une première colonne isolante ; l'autre extrémité du bras, l'extrémité libre, comporte une pièce de contact, appelée marteau, qui coopère, en position fermée du sectionneur, avec une mâchoire reliée à un second connecteur disposé au sommet d'une seconde colonne isolante.A disconnector notably includes an arm, often called a blade, pivoting around a horizontal axis and electrically connected to one of its ends to a first connector disposed at the top of a first insulating column; the other end of the arm, the free end, has a contact part, called hammer, which cooperates, in the closed position of the disconnector, with a jaw connected to a second connector disposed at the top of a second insulating column.

Lors de la fermeture du sectionneur, lorsque le bras pivotant s'est abaissé, il effectue ensuite autour de son axe une rotation de 90° par laquelle le marteau vient prendre contact avec les pièces de contact de la mâchoire.When closing the disconnector, when the swivel arm has lowered, it then rotates around its axis by 90 ° by which the hammer comes into contact with the contact parts of the jaw.

La mâchoire est constituée de deux rangées parallèles se faisant face, de pièces de contact formées chacune d'une lame de cuivre recourbée et fixée à un support de mâchoire. Le marteau qui prolonge le bras à son extrémité est une pièce en bronze, lourde et onéreuse dont la section par un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du bras correspond à un cercle de plus petit diamètre que celui du bras et qui s'aplatit sur un diamètre en se prolongeant pour rejoindre le diamètre du bras, l'épaisseur de ces deux prolongements diamétraux étant de 2 à 3 mm à bords arrondis.The jaw consists of two parallel rows facing each other, contact parts each formed from a curved copper strip and attached to a jaw support. The hammer which extends the arm to its end is a piece of bronze, heavy and expensive whose section by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the arm corresponds to a smaller circle diameter than that of the arm and which flattens over a diameter extending to reach the diameter of the arm, the thickness of these two extensions diametral being 2 to 3 mm with rounded edges.

Le brevet français 2 674 985 décrit un tel sectionneur.French patent 2,674,985 describes such a disconnector.

La présente invention propose d'améliorer certains aspects d'un sectionneur de ce type et a pour objet un sectionneur à haute tension à isolation dans l'air comprenant un bras pivotant apte à pivoter à l'une de ses extrémités, autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe Δ du bras et apte également à tourner autour de son propre axe Δ, l'extrémité libre du bras portant une pièce de contact appelée marteau coopérant, en position fermée du sectionneur, avec une mâchoire comportant un support de mâchoire auquel sont fixées deux rangées se faisant face de doigts de contact, caractérisé en ce que ledit marteau est équipé de plaquettes de contact coopérant avec les doigts de contact, chaque plaquette de contact formant un coin, d'angle β, qui, lors de la fermeture du sectionneur, rencontre la rangée de doigts correspondante avec un angle d'attaque α, ledit angle d'attaque α étant inférieur à 90°.The present invention proposes to improve certain aspects of a disconnector of this type and relates to a high voltage disconnector with air insulation comprising a pivoting arm capable of pivoting at one of its ends, around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis Δ of the arm and also able to rotate around its own axis Δ, the free end of the arm carrying a contact piece called cooperating hammer, in position closed disconnector, with a jaw comprising a support jaw to which are fixed two rows facing each other with contact, characterized in that said hammer is fitted with pads contact cooperating with the contact fingers, each contact pad forming a corner, of angle β, which, when the disconnector closes, meets the corresponding row of fingers with an angle of attack α, said angle of attack α being less than 90 °.

Avantageusement, l'angle β est de l'ordre de 30 à 40° et l'angle α est de l'ordre de 60°.Advantageously, the angle β is of the order of 30 to 40 ° and the angle α is of the order of 60 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, chaque plaquette de contact comporte une face de contact courbe s'étendant sur un angle δ, vu de l'axe Δ du bras, cet angle δ étant de l'ordre de 17°.According to another characteristic, each contact pad has a curved contact face extending over an angle δ, seen from the axis Δ of the arm, this angle δ being of the order of 17 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, au moment où le coin d'une plaquette de contact arrive au contact d'un dit doigt de contact, l'angle γ, vu de l'axe Δ du bras, entre ce point de contact et le plan perpendiculaire au doigt de contact passant par l'axe Δ, est de l'ordre de 10°.According to another characteristic, when the corner of a plate contact comes into contact with a said contact finger, the angle γ, seen from the axis Δ arm, between this point of contact and the plane perpendicular to the finger contact passing through the axis Δ, is of the order of 10 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits doigts de contact sont fixés au support de mâchoire de façon à ce que, en position fermée du sectionneur, l'angle E entre l'axe Δ du bras et les doigts de contact soit supérieur à 90°.According to another characteristic, said contact fingers are fixed to the jaw support so that, in the closed position of the disconnector, the angle E between the axis Δ of the arm and the contact fingers is greater than 90 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits doigts se faisant face font entre eux un angle  compris entre 2 et 6°.According to another characteristic, said fingers facing each other make between them an angle  between 2 and 6 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits doigts de contact sont tubulaires et ouverts à leurs deux extrémités.According to another characteristic, said contact fingers are tubular and open at both ends.

Selon une autre caractéristique, une butée de verrouillage est fixée à un doigt de contact à un niveau situé au-dessus dudit marteau en position fermée du sectionneur.According to another characteristic, a locking stop is fixed to a contact finger at a level located above said hammer in position disconnector closed.

On va maintenant donner la description d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention en se reportant au dessin annexé dans lequel :We will now give the description of an example of setting work of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

La fig. 1 est une vue partielle, de gauche de la fig. 2, d'un sectionneur selon l'invention.Fig. 1 is a partial view, from the left of FIG. 2, a disconnector according to the invention.

La fig. 2 est une vue en coupe selon II-II de la fig. 1.Fig. 2 is a sectional view along II-II of FIG. 1.

La fig. 3 est une vue de dessus de la fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1.

La fig. 4 est une vue en perspective montrant la mâchoire du sectionneur.Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the jaw of the switch.

La fig. 5 montre la section d'un doigt de contact de la mâchoire.Fig. 5 shows the section of a contact finger of the jaw.

La fig. 6 est une coupe selon VI-VI de la fig. 5.Fig. 6 is a section on VI-VI of FIG. 5.

La fig. 7 est un schéma illustrant l'angle d'attaque du marteau avec les doigts de contact de la mâchoire lors de la rotation du marteau au cours de la fermeture du sectionneur. Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the angle of attack of the hammer with the jaw contact fingers when rotating the hammer during the disconnector closing.

La fig. 8 est un schéma illustrant la plage angulaire de contact à pression constante des doigts de la mâchoire contre le marteau.Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the angular contact range at constant pressure of the jaw fingers against the hammer.

En se référant aux fig. 1 à 6, on voit représenté partiellement un sectionneur comprenant un bras pivotant 1 d'axe Δ apte à pivoter dans un plan vertical autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire à Δ, non représenté, situé à gauche de la fig. 1. La partie non représentée du bras, sa commande de pivotement autour dudit axe horizontal, de même que sa commande de rotation autour de son axe Δ, ainsi que son support, ne font pas partie de l'invention et pourraient, par exemple, être conformes à ce qui est décrit dans le brevet français 2 674 985 en référence à la fig. 1.Referring to fig. 1 to 6, we partially see a disconnector comprising a pivoting arm 1 of axis Δ able to pivot in a vertical plane around a horizontal axis perpendicular to Δ, not shown, located to the left of fig. 1. The unrepresented part of the arm, its control pivoting about said horizontal axis, as well as its control rotation about its axis Δ, as well as its support, are not part of the invention and could, for example, be in accordance with what is described in French Patent 2,674,985 with reference to FIG. 1.

Le bras 1 est tubulaire, comme on le voit bien fig. 2, et porte à son extrémité libre une pièce de contact appelée marteau 2.The arm 1 is tubular, as can be seen in fig. 2, and brings to its free end a contact piece called hammer 2.

Le marteau est composé d'une pièce support 3 en aluminium sur laquelle ont été fixées deux plaquettes de contact en cuivre 4A et 4B. Ceci permet d'alléger le marteau.The hammer is composed of an aluminum support piece 3 on which were fixed two copper contact plates 4A and 4B. This lightens the hammer.

Ces plaquettes de contact 4A et 4B d'une forme particulière, précisée plus loin, constituent les pièces de contact coopérant, en position fermée du sectionneur avec deux rangées, se faisant face, de doigts de contacts 5A et 5B de la mâchoire du sectionneur.These contact pads 4A and 4B of a particular shape, specified further on, constitute the cooperating contact parts, in the closed position of the disconnector with two rows, facing each other, of contact fingers 5A and 5B of the disconnector jaw.

Ces doigts 5A et 5B sont fixés à un support de mâchoire 6 par une soudure 7. Au support de mâchoire 6 est fixée une butée 8 de limitation de la pénétration du bras 1 entre les doigts 5A et 5B de la mâchoire. Un connecteur 9 est également fixé au support de mâchoire 6. Un second connecteur, non représenté, est électriquement lié à l'extrémité non représentée du bras 1, du côté de son articulation autour d'un axe horizontal.These fingers 5A and 5B are fixed to a jaw support 6 by a welding 7. To the jaw support 6 is fixed a stop 8 for limiting the penetration of arm 1 between fingers 5A and 5B of the jaw. A connector 9 is also fixed to the jaw support 6. A second connector, not shown, is electrically connected to the end not represented by arm 1, on the side of its articulation around a horizontal axis.

La mâchoire est supportée à l'extrémité supérieure d'un isolateur support dont on n'aperçoit, fig. 1, que la ferrure 10 de son extrémité supérieure.The jaw is supported at the upper end of an insulator support which is not visible, fig. 1, that the fitting 10 at its end higher.

Sur les fig. 1, 2 et 3, le sectionneur est représenté en position fermée.In fig. 1, 2 and 3, the disconnector is shown in the closed position.

Lors de la fermeture, le bras 1 commence par pivoter autour de son axe horizontal jusqu'à pénétrer dans la mâchoire, entre les doigts 5A et 5B en effectuant un angle de pivotement d'environ 92°, puis ensuite le bras 1 tourne autour de son axe Δ de 90° dans le sens de la flèche 15, fig. 7. C'est alors que l'on est en position fermée, comme représenté sur ces fig. 1 à 3.When closing, the arm 1 begins by pivoting around its horizontal axis until entering the jaw, between fingers 5A and 5B making a swivel angle of about 92 °, then the arm 1 rotates around its axis Δ by 90 ° in the direction of arrow 15, fig. 7. It is while in the closed position, as shown in these figs. 1 to 3.

Comme il est connu, compte tenu du courant qui parcourt le bras 1 et les doigts 5A et 5B, comme représenté par les flèches, non référencées, sur la fig. 1 (ou dans le sens opposé lors de l'alternance suivante), le bras 1 subit un effort F tendant à sortir le bras de la mâchoire. Cet effort électrodynamique devient très important en cas de court-circuit entre phase et terre ou entre deux phases.As is known, given the current flowing through arm 1 and fingers 5A and 5B, as shown by the arrows, not referenced, on fig. 1 (or in the opposite direction during the next alternation), arm 1 undergoes an effort F tending to extend the arm from the jaw. This electrodynamic effort becomes very important in the event of a short circuit between phase and earth or between two phases.

Afin de diminuer cet effort électrodynamique, les doigts 5A et 5B sont fixés au support de mâchoire 6 de façon à ce que l'angle E entre l'axe Δ du bras 1 en position fermée et les doigts 5A-5B soit supérieur à 90°.In order to reduce this electrodynamic force, the fingers 5A and 5B are fixed to the jaw support 6 so that the angle E between the axis Δ of the arm 1 in the closed position and the fingers 5A-5B is greater than 90 °.

En effet, l'effort F est maximal lorsque les doigts 5A-5B sont perpendiculaires à l'axe Δ du bras 1 et il diminue lorsque cet angle augmente. En prenant par exemple un angle E de 120°, l'effort F est environ 0,6 fois celui dans le cas où l'angle E est de 90°.Indeed, the force F is maximum when the fingers 5A-5B are perpendicular to the axis Δ of arm 1 and it decreases when this angle increases. Taking for example an angle E of 120 °, the force F is approximately 0.6 times that in the case where the angle E is 90 °.

Par ailleurs, les doigts 5A et 5B étant parcourus dans le même sens par le courant, ont tendance à se rapprocher ; ainsi, en cas de court-circuit, cet effort de rapprochement est important et l'effort F se traduit par un effort d'arrachement des doigts du support de mâchoire.Furthermore, the fingers 5A and 5B being traversed in the same direction by the current, tend to approach; thus, in the event of a short circuit, this approximation effort is significant and the effort F results in an effort of the fingers of the jaw support.

Ainsi, en réduisant l'effort F grâce à l'angle E supérieur à 90°, on peut donc diminuer le dimensionnement du support de mâchoire et la fixation des doigts sur ce support, ce qui permet d'alléger l'ensemble.Thus, by reducing the force F thanks to the angle E greater than 90 °, we can therefore reduce the size of the jaw support and the fixing of fingers on this support, which allows to lighten the whole.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'angle E est d'environ 120° et de préférence compris entre 100 et 140°.In the example shown, the angle E is approximately 120 ° and preferably between 100 and 140 °.

Comme le montre la fig. 2, les doigts 5A et 5B ne sont pas parallèles mais forment entre eux un léger angle  de quelques degrés de l'ordre de 2 à 6°. Par exemple, les doigts 5A et 5B sont soudés au support de mâchoire 6 en faisant un angle D de 88°, ce qui donne un angle de 4° entre les doigts 5A et 5B.As shown in fig. 2, fingers 5A and 5B are not parallel but form between them a slight angle  of a few degrees of the order of 2 to 6 °. For example, the fingers 5A and 5B are welded to the jaw support 6 making an angle D of 88 °, which gives an angle of 4 ° between the fingers 5A and 5B.

Ainsi, sous une contrainte de court-circuit, le déplacement vers le haut du bras 1 est limité par cette "conicité" qui maintient le marteau entre les doigts et tend à augmenter la pression de contact durant les mouvements du sectionneur sous ladite contrainte électrodynamique.So, under a short circuit constraint, the upward displacement of arm 1 is limited by this "taper" which keeps the hammer between the fingers and tends to increase contact pressure during movements of the disconnector under said electrodynamic stress.

Pour limiter encore le déplacement vers le haut du marteau entre les doigts 5A et 5B en cas de contrainte de court-circuit, une butée de verrouillage 11 est fixée à un doigt de contact 5B à un niveau situé au-dessus du marteau 2 en position fermée du sectionneur.To further limit the upward movement of the hammer between the fingers 5A and 5B in the event of short-circuit stress, a stop of lock 11 is fixed to a contact finger 5B at a level above hammer 2 in the closed position of the disconnector.

Pour l'ouverture du sectionneur, cette butée 11 n'a pas d'inconvénient puisque l'ouverture commence par une rotation de 90° du marteau 2 dans le sens de la flèche repérée 12, fig. 2, avant le pivotement du bras 1 autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire au plan de la fig. 1.For the opening of the disconnector, this stop 11 has no disadvantage since the opening begins with a 90 ° rotation of the hammer 2 in the direction of the arrow marked 12, fig. 2, before pivoting of the arm 1 around of a horizontal axis perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1.

Les doigts 5A et 5B se faisant face sont fixés, comme il a été dit, au support de mâchoire 6 par soudure 7 avec les angles E et D et ont un profil tubulaire ouvert aux deux extrémités de façon à induire un échange thermique par convection dans le tube. Ces doigts sont en aluminium et équipés, chacun, sur la face située face à la rangée d'en face, d'une lame de contact en cuivre 13A, 13B coopérant directement avec les plaquettes de contact 4A, 4B en cuivre du marteau 2.The fingers 5A and 5B facing each other are fixed, as has been said, to the jaw support 6 by welding 7 with angles E and D and have a profile tubular open at both ends so as to induce an exchange thermal by convection in the tube. These fingers are made of aluminum and each equipped on the side facing the row opposite, with a blade copper contact 13A, 13B cooperating directly with the pads hammer copper contact 4A, 4B 2.

Cette disposition de doigts tubulaires en aluminium juste équipés de lames de contact en cuivre permet de diminuer grandement le poids des doigts de contact par rapport aux lames de cuivre recourbées du document antérieur cité en introduction, pour une performance thermique améliorée et en ayant une rigidité suffisante de doigts ne nécessitant aucun ressort supplémentaire, comme cela est généralement nécessaire dans l'art antérieur où un ressort est disposé entre le support de mâchoire et la courbure de la lame de cuivre recourbée pour lui assurer une rigidité suffisante.This arrangement of tubular aluminum fingers just fitted with copper contact blades can greatly reduce the weight of contact fingers against the curved copper blades of the document mentioned in the introduction, for improved thermal performance and having sufficient rigidity of fingers requiring no spring additional, as is generally necessary in art front where a spring is arranged between the jaw support and the curvature of the curved copper strip to ensure rigidity sufficient.

Une tige de retenue, respectivement 14A, 14B et 14C relie, par paire, les doigts 5A et 5B de façon à limiter leur écartement. Ces tiges de retenue sont situées à peu près à mi-longueur des doigts de contact 5A, 5B.A retaining rod, respectively 14A, 14B and 14C connects, in pairs, fingers 5A and 5B so as to limit their spacing. These retaining rods are located approximately mid-length of the contact fingers 5A, 5B.

Lors de la rotation du bras 1 dans le sens de la flèche 15, fig. 7, à la fin de la fermeture du sectionneur, les doigts 5A, 5B fléchissent, en formant ressort, entre les tiges 14A, 14B et 14C et l'extrémité supérieure des doigts, assurant à chaque doigt un auto-positionnement contre les plaquettes de contact en cuivre 4A et 4B du marteau 2, optimisant ainsi la ligne de contact entre le marteau et les doigts.When the arm 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 15, fig. 7, at the end of the disconnector closure, the fingers 5A, 5B flex, forming spring, between rods 14A, 14B and 14C and the upper end of the fingers, ensuring each finger self-positioning against the pads copper contact 4A and 4B of hammer 2, thus optimizing the contact line between the hammer and the fingers.

On peut observer qu'en cas de court-circuit entre phases, le bras 1 subit un effort électrodynamique de déplacement latéral dans le sens de F1 ou F2 (fig. 2), selon que le court-circuit a lieu avec une phase située à droite ou à gauche de la phase sur laquelle se trouve le sectionneur actuellement décrit. Ce déplacement, grâce à l'effet de ressort des doigts et aux tiges de retenue 14A, 14B et 14C n'entraíne pas de rupture de contact entre les pièces de contact 4A et 4B du marteau et les lames de contact 13A, 13B des doigts.It can be observed that in the event of a short circuit between phases, the arm 1 undergoes an electrodynamic force of lateral displacement in the direction of F 1 or F 2 (fig. 2), depending on whether the short circuit takes place with a phase located to the right or left of the phase on which the disconnector currently described is located. This movement, thanks to the spring effect of the fingers and the retaining rods 14A, 14B and 14C does not cause contact breakage between the contact parts 4A and 4B of the hammer and the contact blades 13A, 13B of the fingers .

La fig. 5 montre la section d'un doigt, par exemple 5B, et la fig. 6 ce même doigt en coupe selon VI-VI de la fig. 5.Fig. 5 shows the section of a finger, for example 5B, and FIG. 6 this same finger in section according to VI-VI of fig. 5.

En se reportant maintenant à la fig. 7, on voit la position du marteau 2 lorsque, au cours de la fermeture, le bras 1 ayant descendu et s'étant mis en rotation autour de son axe Δ, l'extrémité des plaquettes de contact en cuivre 4A et 4B du marteau arrive au contact des lames de contact en cuivre 13A et 13B des doigts de contact 5A, 5B.Referring now to FIG. 7, we see the position of the hammer 2 when, during the closing, the arm 1 having descended and having been put in rotation around its axis Δ, the end of the copper contact pads 4A and 4B of the hammer comes into contact with the copper contact blades 13A and 13B of the contact fingers 5A, 5B.

Comme le montre cette fig. 7, au moment du contact, les plaquettes qui comportent une extrémité formant coin 16 ayant un angle β rencontrent les doigts avec un angle d'attaque α. Cet angle d'attaque α est inférieur à 90° et de préférence de l'ordre de 60°, et permet de briser la glace qui a pu se former sur les lames de contact 13A, 13B. L'angle β du coin 16 est par exemple de l'ordre de 30 à 40°.As shown in this fig. 7, at the time of contact, the pads which have a corner end 16 having an angle β meet fingers with an angle of attack α. This angle of attack α is less than 90 ° and preferably of the order of 60 °, and makes it possible to break the ice which may have forming on the contact blades 13A, 13B. The angle β of the corner 16 is by example of the order of 30 to 40 °.

Par ailleurs, ce contact se produit alors que la distance séparant l'axe Δ de la pointe du coin 16 est supérieure à la distance séparant l'axe Δ des doigts 13A, 13B de telle sorte qu'à partir de ce moment et jusqu'à ce que la pointe du coin 16 arrive au point 18, ce qui correspond à une rotation d'un angle y d'environ 10°; les plaquettes de contact 4A, 4B repoussent les doigts 5A, 5B agissant comme ressort, la pression de contact augmentant jusqu'à ce point. Ensuite, la face de contact 19 étant courbe, la pression de contact reste sensiblement constante sur une plage de rotation d'un angle δ, fig. 8, d'environ 17° correspondant à l'angle δ que couvre la surface de contact 19 de plaquettes de contact 4A, 4B vu de l'axe Δ. Cette plage de contact à pression constante sur un angle δ d'environ 17° permet de s'affranchir des écarts angulaires ayant pour origine un ajustement déficient ou une perte de précision engendrée par l'usure des composants.In addition, this contact occurs while the distance between the axis Δ of the corner point 16 is greater than the distance separating the axis Δ from fingers 13A, 13B so that from this moment and until the corner point 16 arrives at point 18, which corresponds to a rotation of one angle y of about 10 °; contact pads 4A, 4B repel fingers 5A, 5B acting as a spring, the contact pressure increasing up to this point. Then, the contact face 19 being curved, the contact pressure remains substantially constant over a range of rotation at an angle δ, fig. 8 about 17 ° corresponding to the angle δ covered by the contact surface 19 contact pads 4A, 4B seen from the Δ axis. This contact range at constant pressure on an angle δ of approximately 17 ° makes it possible to overcome the angular deviations resulting from a deficient adjustment or a loss of precision caused by wear of components.

Claims (9)

Sectionneur à haute tension à isolation dans l'air comprenant un bras pivotant (1) apte à pivoter à l'une de ses extrémités, autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe Δ du bras et apte également à tourner autour de son propre axe Δ, l'extrémité libre du bras portant une pièce de contact appelée marteau (2) coopérant, en position fermée du sectionneur, avec une mâchoire comportant un support de mâchoire (6) auquel sont fixées deux rangées se faisant face de doigts de contact (5A, 5B), caractérisé en ce que ledit marteau (2) est équipé de plaquettes de contact (4A, 4B) coopérant avec les doigts de contact (5A, 5B), chaque plaquette de contact (4A, 4B) formant un coin (16), d'angle β, qui, lors de la fermeture du sectionneur, rencontre la rangée de doigts correspondante avec un angle d'attaque α, ledit angle d'attaque α étant inférieur à 90°.Air insulated high voltage disconnector comprising a pivoting arm (1) able to pivot at one of its ends, about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis Δ of the arm and also able to rotate around its own axis Δ, the free end of the arm carrying a contact piece called a hammer (2) cooperating, in the closed position of the disconnector, with a jaw comprising a jaw support (6) to which are fixed two rows facing each other with fingers of contact (5A, 5B), characterized in that said hammer (2) is equipped with contact plates (4A, 4B) cooperating with the contact fingers (5A, 5B), each contact plate (4A, 4B) forming a corner (16), of angle β, which, when the disconnector closes, meets the corresponding row of fingers with an angle of attack α, said angle of attack α being less than 90 °. Sectionneur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle β est de l'ordre de 30 à 40°.Disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle β is of the order of 30 to 40 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'angle α est de l'ordre de 60°.Disconnector according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle α is of the order of 60 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque plaquette de contact (4A, 4B) comporte une face de contact (19) courbe s'étendant sur un angle δ, vu de l'axe Δ du bras (1), cet angle δ étant de l'ordre de 17°.Disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each contact pad (4A, 4B) has a curved contact face (19) extending over an angle δ, seen from the axis Δ of the arm ( 1), this angle δ being of the order of 17 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, au moment où le coin (16) d'une plaquette de contact arrive au contact d'un dit doigt de contact, l'angle γ, vu de l'axe Δ du bras (1), entre ce point de contact et le plan perpendiculaire au doigt de contact passant par l'axe Δ, est de l'ordre de 10°.Disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that , when the corner (16) of a contact plate comes into contact with a said contact finger, the angle γ, seen from the axis Δ of the arm (1), between this point of contact and the plane perpendicular to the contact finger passing through the axis Δ, is of the order of 10 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que lesdits doigts de contact (5A, 5B) sont fixés au support de mâchoire (6) de façon à ce que, en position fermée du sectionneur, l'angle E entre l'axe Δ du bras (1) et les doigts de contact soit supérieur à 90°.Disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the said contact fingers (5A, 5B) are fixed to the jaw support (6) so that, in the closed position of the disconnector, the angle E between the axis Δ of the arm (1) and the contact fingers is greater than 90 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits doigts se faisant face font entre eux un angle  compris entre 2 et 6°.Disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said fingers facing each other form an angle  between 2 and 6 °. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits doigts de contact (5A, 5B) sont tubulaires et ouverts à leurs deux extrémités.Disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said contact fingers (5A, 5B) are tubular and open at their two ends. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une butée de verrouillage (11) est fixée à un doigt de contact (5B) à un niveau situé au-dessus dudit marteau (2) en position fermée du sectionneur.Disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a locking stop (11) is fixed to a contact finger (5B) at a level situated above said hammer (2) in the closed position of the disconnector .
EP01403038A 2001-01-12 2001-11-27 Air insulated high tension isolating switch Expired - Lifetime EP1223595B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0100424A FR2819626B1 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-01-12 HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR WITH AIR INSULATION
FR0100424 2001-01-12

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EP1223595A1 true EP1223595A1 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1223595B1 EP1223595B1 (en) 2008-04-30

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US (1) US6605788B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1223595B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1261957C (en)
AT (1) ATE393959T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0200021A (en)
DE (1) DE60133798T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2305040T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2819626B1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA02000412A (en)
PT (1) PT1223595E (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130328458A1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-12-12 GE Energy Power Coversion Technology Ltd. Rotary switches
DE102016214377B4 (en) * 2016-08-03 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arm arrangement for a high-voltage switching device and its use
WO2018032306A1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 朱伯秦 Double-bladed high-voltage disconnector
WO2018032303A1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 朱伯秦 Double-bladed high-voltage disconnector
WO2018032304A1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 朱伯秦 Double-bladed high-voltage disconnector
WO2019215946A1 (en) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 三菱電機株式会社 Switch
EP3734630B1 (en) * 2019-04-30 2022-01-05 General Electric Technology GmbH Universal vacuum interrupter for air disconnect switches
CN112216547B (en) * 2020-10-27 2023-05-05 国网冀北电力有限公司检修分公司 Spacing resetting means and isolator that isolator overturned in advance are prevented

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FR2674985A1 (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-09 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Rapid-opening isolator

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US5013876A (en) * 1988-09-12 1991-05-07 S&C Electric Company Switch contacts with improved fault-closing capability
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US3388225A (en) * 1966-09-29 1968-06-11 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Jaw for ice breaking switch
US3544741A (en) * 1969-01-09 1970-12-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric switch having improved blade construction
US3544742A (en) * 1969-01-09 1970-12-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric switch having improved blade construction
FR2674985A1 (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-09 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Rapid-opening isolator

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CN1261957C (en) 2006-06-28
US20020092741A1 (en) 2002-07-18
ATE393959T1 (en) 2008-05-15
CN1365130A (en) 2002-08-21
EP1223595B1 (en) 2008-04-30
BR0200021A (en) 2002-10-22
PT1223595E (en) 2008-06-16
MXPA02000412A (en) 2004-05-21
US6605788B2 (en) 2003-08-12
ES2305040T3 (en) 2008-11-01
DE60133798T2 (en) 2009-06-25
FR2819626B1 (en) 2003-02-21
DE60133798D1 (en) 2008-06-12
FR2819626A1 (en) 2002-07-19

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