EP1174894A1 - Isolator with contact knife and locking system using the passing of a dead point - Google Patents

Isolator with contact knife and locking system using the passing of a dead point Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1174894A1
EP1174894A1 EP01401945A EP01401945A EP1174894A1 EP 1174894 A1 EP1174894 A1 EP 1174894A1 EP 01401945 A EP01401945 A EP 01401945A EP 01401945 A EP01401945 A EP 01401945A EP 1174894 A1 EP1174894 A1 EP 1174894A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
disconnector
rotation
contact
movable contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01401945A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ferruccio Dianin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Alstom SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom SA filed Critical Alstom SA
Publication of EP1174894A1 publication Critical patent/EP1174894A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H01H31/283—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact wherein the contact or contacts are rectilinearly movable with respect to the carrying member

Definitions

  • a high voltage disconnector comprising a contact fixed as well as a movable contact that can slide along a movable rod in rotation about an axis, and comprising an operating mechanism comprising a rotary control shaft intended to move in rotation this rod from a first angular position to a second position angular where the rod is placed in alignment with the fixed contact.
  • the disconnector further comprises a lever integral in rotation with the shaft and cooperating with a connecting rod which is connected to the movable contact and who can slide this movable contact to insert it into the contact fixed.
  • This lever forms with the connecting rod an elbow which unfolds completely during the insertion of the movable contact to pass a neutral position where the lever and the connecting rod are aligned and beyond which this elbow is locked in abutment in a stable position.
  • Such a disconnector for example of the knife type, is particularly intended to ensure the earthing of a phase conductor which is generally connected to the fixed contact of the disconnector. It is essential that the mechanism which transmits the translational movement to the movable contact ensures a stable position of this contact once the disconnector closed, i.e. when the contacts are inserted one inside the other. In in particular, the movable contact must not be able to be released from the fixed contact under the effect of electromagnetic forces created by currents electrics of very high intensity or under the effect of vibrations that could be subjected to the disconnector when subjected to wind or tremors of earth for example. Blocking the rotation of the elbow after passage from a neutral position ensures the stable position.
  • a spring integrated into the rod implies a relatively large weight of the mobile assembly in rotation.
  • the use of a counterweight extending the device makes it possible to limit the torque to be exerted by the maneuver by its control shaft, but this has the effect of increasing the inertia of the pivoting assembly, to the detriment of the speed of the maneuvers opening and closing of the disconnector.
  • this couple must remain sufficient to overcome the compression force of the spring in order to widen the elbow and insert the movable contact into the fixed contact when disconnector closing.
  • An object of the invention is to propose a simple, economical solution, and allowing, at equivalent sectioning distance, to reduce the inertia of the disconnector while limiting the torque that must be exerted by the maneuver.
  • the invention relates to a high voltage disconnector such as defined above, characterized in that the drive shaft has an axis longitudinal substantially distinct from the axis of rotation of the rod, and the angle defined by the lever and the connecting rod increases continuously during the rotation of this rod for closing the disconnector.
  • control shaft can be arranged so as to have to rotate at an angle greater than 90 ° to obtain a 90 ° rotation of the rod. This has the consequence that the couple that must exercise the drive shaft is less on average than the torque it should be exercised if this tree coincided with the axis of rotation of the rod.
  • a stop can be mounted on the movable contact to lock the elbow in the stable position after passing neutral.
  • the lever is preferably directly articulated on the connecting rod, and the blocking of the elbow can be achieved by an arrangement of the elements so that the elbow joint comes to bear against the stop.
  • FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a disconnector according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 1B is a principle representation of different positions angular (a), (b), (c) of the quadrilateral formed by the lever, the connecting rod and the movable contact, articulated on a fixed base segment joining the axis of the rod to the axis of the control shaft.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side sectional view of a disconnector according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional top view of the disconnector in Figure 2.
  • the earthing knife isolator with insulation in air, for high and very high voltage comprises a contact fixed earthing 1 which is generally hollow and tulip shaped into which is inserted a movable contact 2 in the form of a rod.
  • the contact mobile 2 comprises a cylindrical section mounted sliding in translation on a rod 3 which itself is articulated at one of its two ends on a fixed axis 4.
  • the axis 4 is mounted on a disconnector housing more visible on the Figures 2 and 3.
  • the hollow fixed contact 1 in the form of a tulip comprises a semi-cylindrical extension 1 'which extends towards the axis 4 and which serves as a stop for an end finger 2 'of the movable contact 2 suitable for fit into the fixed contact 1.
  • the end finger 2 ' includes knives that come into abutment in housings complementary formed in the extension 1 '.
  • the rod 3 and therefore the movable contact 2 are moved in a movement angular around the axis 4 of rotation of the rod, and the movable contact 2 is then moved alone in a translational movement along the axis of the rod 3 by a rotary control shaft 5 which is arranged parallel to axis 4.
  • the rod 3 in the open position of the disconnector, the rod 3 extends horizontally and the movable contact 2 (shown in solid lines) is in a retracted position on the rod 3. In the fully closed position of the disconnector, the rod 3 extends vertically in alignment with the contact fixed 1 and the moving contact 2 (shown in broken lines) is in a advanced position on the rod 3 and is more particularly inserted in the fixed contact 1.
  • the displacement in rotation and in translation of the movable contact 2 is obtained by a lever 6 having a first end integral in rotation with the control shaft 5 and a second end connected to a first end of a connecting rod 7 by an articulation A.
  • the second end of the connecting rod 7 is connected to the movable contact 2 by a hinge B.
  • the rod 7 is shorter the lever 6 and forms therewith an angle bend ⁇ of articulation at A, this angle being for example close to 30 ° in the fully open position of the disconnector.
  • the length of the connecting rod is expected to be greater than the distance between axis 4 of rod and shaft 5.
  • the movable contact 2 During the pivoting of the rod 3, the movable contact 2 remains in position retracted on said rod until it reaches a vertical position where a stop 1 'prevents it from continuing its rotation. This retracted position is explained by the fact that for any angular position of said rod during its rotation, the sum of the forces exerted on the movable contact 2 has a component in the direction of the axis of the rod 3 which is directed towards the axis 4.
  • the thrust of the connecting rod 7 constitutes the main part of the component of said forces on the axis of rod 3.
  • This projection of said thrust on said axis decreases as the angle ⁇ increases, to become weak in front of the projection of the weight of the mobile contact 2 on the same axis to which is added part of the weight of the connecting rod 7 which applies on joint B.
  • the 90 ° rotation performed by the movable contact 2 lasts generally more than a second, and the centrifugal force exerted on said mobile contact then remains less than the weight of said contact (which amounts to say that the instantaneous centrifugal acceleration of said contact remains less than the gravitational constant).
  • a disconnector according to the invention therefore does not need a spring at the rod to prevent the movable contact from sliding.
  • the rotation of the rod is blocked when the rod 3 arrives in the vertical position.
  • the connecting rod 7 then forms with the axis of the rod 3 an angle ⁇ of the order of seventy to eighty degrees, so that the thrust F exerted by the connecting rod 7 on the contact 2 projects on said axis in a force whose standard F v is greater than a third of that of F for this preferred embodiment.
  • a stop 1 'ensuring the blocking is arranged to be applied either on the rod 3. or on the movable contact 2, or on the axis 4, or in any other way producing the same result.
  • said stop 1 ' is produced by a semi-cylindrical extension of the fixed contact 1.
  • the torque exerted by the control shaft 5 is provided sufficiently high so that the thrust F exerted by the connecting rod 7 on the movable contact 2 has a vertical component F v significantly greater than the weight of said movable contact, so as to move the latter until it is inserted into the fixed contact 1.
  • the movable contact 2 is locked in insertion in the fixed contact 1. Indeed, possible accidental stresses and relatively moderate on the lever or connecting rod will either to press the joint even more against its stop, i.e. to bring back the elbow towards its neutral position without crossing it and thus pushing the contact movable to its maximum insertion position in the fixed contact. So the weight of the moving contact, as well as the electromagnetic forces which tend to separate contacts 1 and 2, have no effect on the control of the switch. The control shaft 5 can then be uncoupled from the disconnector control without affecting the stability of the moving contact 2.
  • the controlled opening of the disconnector is carried out in applying sufficient force to the elbow, usually from a rotation of the control shaft, so that this elbow can cross its neutral position after which the moving contact disengages easily from fixed contact due in particular to its own weight.
  • the force to apply to cross the neutral point is all the greater as the value buffer chosen for angle ⁇ exceeds 180 °.
  • FIG. 1B makes it possible to view the relative positioning of the main mobile elements during the rotation. It appears that as long as the angle ⁇ between the connecting rod 7 and the axis of the rod 3 is greater than 90 °, the force F thrust of said connecting rod is directed towards the axis 4 and participates in maintaining the movable contact 2 in the retracted position on said rod, as illustrated in case a. Once ⁇ less than 90 °, the component of F on the axis of the rod 3 is directed upwards and gradually increases, as illustrated in case c.
  • the collar 11 has a section of variable thickness, and is arranged to be able to be turned around the contact 2 and locked in one of several possible angular positions, so as to be able to choose a collar thickness determined for the collar area forming stop.
  • This has the advantage of being able to adjust the abutment angle ⁇ b within a few degrees, which makes it possible to adjust the force threshold to be applied to cross the neutral point before the disconnector opens.
  • the elbow actuated by the control shaft 5 consists of two parallel levers 6.6 'and two parallel connecting rods 7.7' cradle mounted on which these levers are respectively articulated.
  • the disconnector according to the invention can be multipolar in order to constitute a only switchgear for a polyphase circuit. It then includes several 2 parallel movable contacts formed of tubes each having a length of a few meters, which are inserted into contacts respectively fixed, each formed by a ring of contact fingers.

Abstract

The circuit isolation mechanism has a fixed contact (1) and a moving contact (2) sliding along a shaft (3) rotating around an axis (4) and controlled by a shaft (5). The control shaft is separate from the rotation axis. There is a lever (6) connected to the control shaft and connected to a rod (7). The angle defined by the lever and rod increase continuously during shaft rotation closure. There is a dead point beyond which the mechanism is blocked in a stable position.

Description

L'invention porte sur un sectionneur haute tension comprenant un contact fixe ainsi qu'un contact mobile pouvant coulisser le long d'une tige mobile en rotation autour d'un axe, et comprenant un mécanisme de manoeuvre comportant un arbre de commande rotatif destiné à déplacer en rotation cette tige d'une première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire où la tige est placée en alignement avec le contact fixe.A high voltage disconnector comprising a contact fixed as well as a movable contact that can slide along a movable rod in rotation about an axis, and comprising an operating mechanism comprising a rotary control shaft intended to move in rotation this rod from a first angular position to a second position angular where the rod is placed in alignment with the fixed contact.

Le sectionneur comprend en outre un levier solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de commande et coopérant avec une bielle qui est reliée au contact mobile et qui peut faire coulisser ce contact mobile pour l'insérer dans le contact fixe. Ce levier forme avec la bielle un coude qui se déplie complètement pendant l'insertion du contact mobile pour passer une position de point mort où le levier et la bielle sont alignés et au delà de laquelle ce coude est bloqué en butée dans une position stable.The disconnector further comprises a lever integral in rotation with the shaft and cooperating with a connecting rod which is connected to the movable contact and who can slide this movable contact to insert it into the contact fixed. This lever forms with the connecting rod an elbow which unfolds completely during the insertion of the movable contact to pass a neutral position where the lever and the connecting rod are aligned and beyond which this elbow is locked in abutment in a stable position.

Un tel sectionneur, par exemple du type à couteau, est particulièrement destiné à assurer la mise à la terre d'un conducteur de phase qui est généralement relié au contact fixe du sectionneur. Il est primordial que le mécanisme qui transmet le mouvement de translation au contact mobile permette d'assurer une position stable de ce contact une fois le sectionneur fermé, c'est-à-dire quand les contacts sont insérés l'un dans l'autre. En particulier, le contact mobile ne doit pas pouvoir être dégagé du contact fixe sous l'effet de forces électromagnétiques créées par des courants électriques de très haute intensité ou encore sous l'effet de vibrations que pourrait subir le sectionneur lorsqu'il est soumis au vent ou à un tremblement de terre par exemple. Le blocage de la rotation du coude après le passage d'une position de point mort permet d'assurer la position stable.Such a disconnector, for example of the knife type, is particularly intended to ensure the earthing of a phase conductor which is generally connected to the fixed contact of the disconnector. It is essential that the mechanism which transmits the translational movement to the movable contact ensures a stable position of this contact once the disconnector closed, i.e. when the contacts are inserted one inside the other. In in particular, the movable contact must not be able to be released from the fixed contact under the effect of electromagnetic forces created by currents electrics of very high intensity or under the effect of vibrations that could be subjected to the disconnector when subjected to wind or tremors of earth for example. Blocking the rotation of the elbow after passage from a neutral position ensures the stable position.

Il est connu du brevet FR 1 200 583 un sectionneur de ce genre, dans lequel le mécanisme de manoeuvre fait appel à un arbre de commande de même axe que l'axe de la tige et sur lequel est fixé le levier qui est articulé sur la bielle. L'ensemble constitué du levier et de la bielle a pour principale fonction de permettre l'insertion du contact mobile dans le contact fixe avec le blocage dans une position stable. Jusqu'à ce que la tige arrive en alignement avec le contact fixe, le coude formé par cet ensemble ne peut se déplier car son articulation est maintenue en appui contre une première buttée sous l'action d'un ressort intégré à la tige rotative. It is known from patent FR 1 200 583 a disconnector of this kind, in which the operating mechanism uses a control shaft of same axis as the axis of the rod and on which is fixed the lever which is articulated on the connecting rod. The main component of the lever and the connecting rod is function of allowing the insertion of the movable contact into the fixed contact with blocking in a stable position. Until the rod comes in alignment with the fixed contact, the elbow formed by this assembly cannot unfold because its articulation is held in abutment against a first abutted by the action of a spring integrated into the rotary rod.

Toutefois, la solution mise en oeuvre n'est pas pleinement satisfaisante. En effet, un ressort intégré à la tige implique un poids relativement important de l'ensemble mobile en rotation. L'utilisation d'un contrepoids prolongeant le dispositif permet de limiter le couple que doit exercer le mécanisme de manoeuvre par son arbre de commande, mais ceci a pour effet d'augmenter l'inertie de l'ensemble pivotant, au détriment de la rapidité des manoeuvres d'ouverture et de fermeture du sectionneur. D'autre part, ce couple doit rester suffisant pour vaincre la force de compression du ressort afin d'élargir le coude et d'insérer le contact mobile dans le contact fixe lors de la fermeture du sectionneur.However, the solution implemented is not fully satisfactory. Indeed, a spring integrated into the rod implies a relatively large weight of the mobile assembly in rotation. The use of a counterweight extending the device makes it possible to limit the torque to be exerted by the maneuver by its control shaft, but this has the effect of increasing the inertia of the pivoting assembly, to the detriment of the speed of the maneuvers opening and closing of the disconnector. On the other hand, this couple must remain sufficient to overcome the compression force of the spring in order to widen the elbow and insert the movable contact into the fixed contact when disconnector closing.

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une solution simple, économique, et permettant, à distance de sectionnement équivalente, de réduire l'inertie du sectionneur tout en limitant le couple que doit exercer le mécanisme de manoeuvre.An object of the invention is to propose a simple, economical solution, and allowing, at equivalent sectioning distance, to reduce the inertia of the disconnector while limiting the torque that must be exerted by the maneuver.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un sectionneur haute tension tel que défini plus haut, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre de commande possède un axe longitudinal sensiblement distinct de l'axe de rotation de la tige, et l'angle défini par le levier et la bielle augmente continûment pendant la rotation de cette tige pour la fermeture du sectionneur.To this end, the invention relates to a high voltage disconnector such as defined above, characterized in that the drive shaft has an axis longitudinal substantially distinct from the axis of rotation of the rod, and the angle defined by the lever and the connecting rod increases continuously during the rotation of this rod for closing the disconnector.

Avantageusement, l'arbre de commande peut être disposé de façon à devoir effectuer une rotation d'un angle supérieur à 90° pour obtenir une rotation de 90° de la tige. Ceci a pour conséquence que le couple que doit exercer l'arbre de commande est inférieur en moyenne au couple qu'il faudrait exercer si cet arbre coïncidait avec l'axe de rotation de la tige.Advantageously, the control shaft can be arranged so as to have to rotate at an angle greater than 90 ° to obtain a 90 ° rotation of the rod. This has the consequence that the couple that must exercise the drive shaft is less on average than the torque it should be exercised if this tree coincided with the axis of rotation of the rod.

Avantageusement, une butée peut être montée sur le contact mobile pour bloquer le coude dans la position stable après le passage du point mort. Le levier est de préférence directement articulé sur la bielle, et le blocage du coude peut être réalisé par une disposition des éléments de façon à ce que l'articulation du coude vienne en appui contre la butée.Advantageously, a stop can be mounted on the movable contact to lock the elbow in the stable position after passing neutral. The lever is preferably directly articulated on the connecting rod, and the blocking of the elbow can be achieved by an arrangement of the elements so that the elbow joint comes to bear against the stop.

Un exemple de réalisation du sectionneur selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en détail et illustré sur les dessins.An exemplary embodiment of the disconnector according to the invention is described below in detail and illustrated in the drawings.

La figure 1A est un schéma de principe d'un sectionneur selon l'invention dans un mode de réalisation préféré.FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a disconnector according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.

La figure 1B est une représentation de principe de différentes positions angulaires (a), (b), (c) du quadrilatère formé par le levier, la bielle et le contact mobile, articulé sur un segment de base fixe joignant l'axe de la tige à l'axe de l'arbre de commande.Figure 1B is a principle representation of different positions angular (a), (b), (c) of the quadrilateral formed by the lever, the connecting rod and the movable contact, articulated on a fixed base segment joining the axis of the rod to the axis of the control shaft.

La figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe de côté d'un sectionneur selon l'invention.Figure 2 is a schematic side sectional view of a disconnector according to the invention.

La figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe de dessus du sectionneur de la figure 2.Figure 3 is a schematic sectional top view of the disconnector in Figure 2.

Figure 1A, le sectionneur à couteau de mise à la terre, à isolation dans l'air, pour haute et très haute tension selon l'invention comprend un contact fixe 1 de mise à la terre qui est généralement creux et en forme de tulipe dans lequel vient s'insérer un contact mobile 2 en forme de tige. Le contact mobile 2 comporte un tronçon cylindrique monté coulissant en translation sur une tige 3 qui elle-même est articulée à une de ses deux extrémités sur un axe fixe 4. L'axe 4 est monté sur un carter du sectionneur plus visible sur les figures 2 et 3. Le contact fixe creux 1 en forme de tulipe comporte un prolongement semi-cylindrique 1' qui s'étend en direction de l'axe 4 et qui sert de butée à un doigt d'extrémité 2' du contact mobile 2 adapté pour s'insérer dans le contact fixe 1. De façon classique, le doigt d'extrémité 2' comprend des couteaux venant s'insérer en butée dans des logements complémentaires ménagés dans le prolongement 1'.Figure 1A, the earthing knife isolator with insulation in air, for high and very high voltage according to the invention comprises a contact fixed earthing 1 which is generally hollow and tulip shaped into which is inserted a movable contact 2 in the form of a rod. The contact mobile 2 comprises a cylindrical section mounted sliding in translation on a rod 3 which itself is articulated at one of its two ends on a fixed axis 4. The axis 4 is mounted on a disconnector housing more visible on the Figures 2 and 3. The hollow fixed contact 1 in the form of a tulip comprises a semi-cylindrical extension 1 'which extends towards the axis 4 and which serves as a stop for an end finger 2 'of the movable contact 2 suitable for fit into the fixed contact 1. Conventionally, the end finger 2 ' includes knives that come into abutment in housings complementary formed in the extension 1 '.

La tige 3 et donc le contact mobile 2 sont déplacés suivant un mouvement angulaire autour de l'axe 4 de rotation de la tige, et le contact mobile 2 est ensuite déplacé seul suivant un mouvement en translation selon l'axe de la tige 3 par un arbre de commande rotatif 5 qui est disposé parallèlement à l'axe 4.The rod 3 and therefore the movable contact 2 are moved in a movement angular around the axis 4 of rotation of the rod, and the movable contact 2 is then moved alone in a translational movement along the axis of the rod 3 by a rotary control shaft 5 which is arranged parallel to axis 4.

Sur la figure 1A, en position d'ouverture du sectionneur, la tige 3 s'étend horizontalement et le contact mobile 2 (représenté en trait plein) est dans une position rétractée sur la tige 3. En position de fermeture complète du sectionneur, la tige 3 s'étend verticalement en alignement avec le contact fixe 1 et le contact mobile 2 (représenté en traits interrompus) est dans une position avancée sur la tige 3 et est plus particulièrement inséré dans le contact fixe 1.In FIG. 1A, in the open position of the disconnector, the rod 3 extends horizontally and the movable contact 2 (shown in solid lines) is in a retracted position on the rod 3. In the fully closed position of the disconnector, the rod 3 extends vertically in alignment with the contact fixed 1 and the moving contact 2 (shown in broken lines) is in a advanced position on the rod 3 and is more particularly inserted in the fixed contact 1.

Le déplacement en rotation et en translation du contact mobile 2 est obtenu par un levier 6 ayant une première extrémité solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de commande 5 et une seconde extrémité reliée à une première extrémité d'une bielle 7 par une articulation A. La seconde extrémité de la bielle 7 est reliée au contact mobile 2 par une articulation B. Dans le mode de réalisation préféré représenté sur la figure 1A, la bielle 7 est plus courte que le levier 6 et forme avec celui-ci un coude d'angle α d'articulation en A, cet angle étant par exemple proche de 30° en position d'ouverture complète du sectionneur. En outre, la longueur de la bielle est prévue supérieure à la distance entre l'axe 4 de la tige et l'arbre 5.The displacement in rotation and in translation of the movable contact 2 is obtained by a lever 6 having a first end integral in rotation with the control shaft 5 and a second end connected to a first end of a connecting rod 7 by an articulation A. The second end of the connecting rod 7 is connected to the movable contact 2 by a hinge B. In the mode preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1A, the rod 7 is shorter the lever 6 and forms therewith an angle bend α of articulation at A, this angle being for example close to 30 ° in the fully open position of the disconnector. In addition, the length of the connecting rod is expected to be greater than the distance between axis 4 of rod and shaft 5.

Quand l'arbre de commande 5 entraíne en rotation le levier 6 depuis une position d'ouverture du sectionneur, comme indiqué par la flèche ω, le coude d'angle α s'élargit progressivement jusqu'à ce que les articulations A et B occupent une position représentée par les points A' et B' où la tige 3 et le contact mobile 2 sont disposés verticalement en alignement avec le contact fixe 1. On peut noter que dans le mode de réalisation représenté, une rotation de 90° de la tige 3 est obtenue suite à une rotation ω du levier 6, c'est à dire aussi de l'arbre de commande 5, supérieure à 90°. Cette disposition a pour avantage de limiter le couple à fournir par l'arbre de commande.When the control shaft 5 rotates the lever 6 from a disconnector open position, as indicated by arrow ω, the elbow angle α gradually widens until joints A and B occupy a position represented by the points A 'and B' where the rod 3 and the movable contact 2 are arranged vertically in alignment with the contact fixed 1. It can be noted that in the embodiment shown, a 90 ° rotation of the rod 3 is obtained following a rotation ω of the lever 6, that is to say also of the control shaft 5, greater than 90 °. This provision has the advantage of limiting the torque to be supplied by the shaft of ordered.

Pendant le pivotement de la tige 3, le contact mobile 2 reste en position rétractée sur ladite tige jusqu'à ce que celle-ci atteigne une position verticale où une butée 1' l'empêche de poursuivre sa rotation. Cette position rétractée s'explique par le fait que pour toute position angulaire de ladite tige pendant sa rotation, la somme des forces exercées sur le contact mobile 2 a une composante dans la direction de l'axe de la tige 3 qui est dirigée vers l'axe 4.During the pivoting of the rod 3, the movable contact 2 remains in position retracted on said rod until it reaches a vertical position where a stop 1 'prevents it from continuing its rotation. This retracted position is explained by the fact that for any angular position of said rod during its rotation, the sum of the forces exerted on the movable contact 2 has a component in the direction of the axis of the rod 3 which is directed towards the axis 4.

En début de rotation, la poussée de la bielle 7 constitue l'essentiel de la composante desdites forces sur l'axe de la tige 3. Cette projection de ladite poussée sur ledit axe diminue au fur et à mesure que l'angle α augmente, pour devenir faible devant la projection du poids du contact mobile 2 sur le même axe à laquelle s'ajoute une partie du poids de la bielle 7 qui s'applique sur l'articulation B.At the start of rotation, the thrust of the connecting rod 7 constitutes the main part of the component of said forces on the axis of rod 3. This projection of said thrust on said axis decreases as the angle α increases, to become weak in front of the projection of the weight of the mobile contact 2 on the same axis to which is added part of the weight of the connecting rod 7 which applies on joint B.

D'autre part, la rotation de 90° effectuée par le contact mobile 2 dure généralement plus d'une seconde, et la force centrifuge s'exerçant sur ledit contact mobile reste alors inférieure au poids dudit contact (ce qui revient à dire que l'accélération instantanée centrifuge dudit contact reste inférieure à la constante de gravitation).On the other hand, the 90 ° rotation performed by the movable contact 2 lasts generally more than a second, and the centrifugal force exerted on said mobile contact then remains less than the weight of said contact (which amounts to say that the instantaneous centrifugal acceleration of said contact remains less than the gravitational constant).

Par conséquent, les forces globales appliquées sur ledit contact 2 ne lui permettent pas de se déplacer sur la tige 3 tant que celle-ci n'est pas bloquée en rotation. Contrairement au dispositif de l'art antérieur cité, un sectionneur selon l'invention n'a donc pas besoin d'un ressort au niveau de la tige pour empêcher le contact mobile de coulisser.Consequently, the global forces applied to said contact 2 do not not allow to move on the rod 3 as long as it is not blocked in rotation. Unlike the device of the cited prior art, a disconnector according to the invention therefore does not need a spring at the rod to prevent the movable contact from sliding.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1A, le blocage de la rotation de la tige est réalisé lorsque la tige 3 arrive en position verticale. La bielle 7 forme alors avec l'axe de la tige 3 un angle β de l'ordre de soixante-dix à quatre vingt degrés, de telle sorte que la poussée F exercée par la bielle 7 sur le contact 2 se projète sur ledit axe en une force dont la norme Fv est supérieure au tiers de celle de F pour cette réalisation préférée.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the rotation of the rod is blocked when the rod 3 arrives in the vertical position. The connecting rod 7 then forms with the axis of the rod 3 an angle β of the order of seventy to eighty degrees, so that the thrust F exerted by the connecting rod 7 on the contact 2 projects on said axis in a force whose standard F v is greater than a third of that of F for this preferred embodiment.

Une butée 1' assurant le blocage est agencée pour s'appliquer soit sur la tige 3. soit sur le contact mobile 2, soit sur l'axe 4, ou de toute autre manière produisant le même résultat. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, ladite butée 1' est réalisée par un prolongement semi-cylindrique du contact fixe 1. Quand la tige 3 arrive en position verticale, le doigt 2' du contact mobile 2 vient appuyer contre ladite butée, ce qui bloque la rotation de la tige 3 tout en assurant la connexion du contact fixe avec le contact mobile. Ce doigt 2' peut glisser en appui contre le prolongement semi-cylindrique qui forme la butée 1. Le couple exercé par l'arbre de commande 5 est prévu suffisamment élevé pour que la poussée F exercée par la bielle 7 sur le contact mobile 2 ait une composante verticale F v nettement supérieure au poids dudit contact mobile, de façon à déplacer ce dernier jusqu'à son insertion dans le contact fixe 1.A stop 1 'ensuring the blocking is arranged to be applied either on the rod 3. or on the movable contact 2, or on the axis 4, or in any other way producing the same result. In the embodiment shown, said stop 1 'is produced by a semi-cylindrical extension of the fixed contact 1. When the rod 3 comes to a vertical position, the finger 2' of the movable contact 2 comes to press against said stop, which blocks the rotation of the rod 3 while ensuring the connection of the fixed contact with the movable contact. This finger 2 'can slide in abutment against the semi-cylindrical extension which forms the stop 1. The torque exerted by the control shaft 5 is provided sufficiently high so that the thrust F exerted by the connecting rod 7 on the movable contact 2 has a vertical component F v significantly greater than the weight of said movable contact, so as to move the latter until it is inserted into the fixed contact 1.

La translation du contact 2 sur la tige 3 élargit encore le coude d'angle α. En fin d'insertion, le coude passe par une position de point mort où le levier 6 et la bielle 7 sont alignés, c'est à dire où α est égal à 180°. Au passage du point mort, le contact mobile est en insertion maximale dans le contact fixe, et sa vitesse en translation s'annule pour changer de sens. Il entame alors un mouvement de désinsertion rapidement bloqué par la mise en butée de l'articulation A qui bloque le mouvement rotatif du levier 6.The translation of the contact 2 on the rod 3 further widens the angle bend α. At the end of insertion, the elbow passes through a neutral position where the lever 6 and the connecting rod 7 are aligned, that is to say where α is equal to 180 °. In the passage of neutral, the movable contact is fully inserted into the fixed contact, and its translational speed is canceled to change direction. He then begins a disinsertion movement quickly blocked by the abutment of the joint A which blocks the rotary movement of the lever 6.

Après le passage du point mort, le coude s'ouvre encore d'environ 10° supplémentaires, l'angle α atteignant une valeur butoir αb. Dans cette position stable où les articulations A et B occupent respectivement les positions A" et B", on voit sur la figure 1A qu'il est possible que la butée soit constituée par une zone de la paroi du contact mobile 2 en contact avec l'articulation A dans la position A".After passing neutral, the elbow still opens by an additional 10 °, the angle α reaching a stop value α b. In this stable position where the joints A and B respectively occupy the positions A "and B", it can be seen in FIG. 1A that it is possible that the stop is formed by an area of the wall of the movable contact 2 in contact with the hinge A in position A ".

Une fois le coude en butée, le contact mobile 2 est bloqué en insertion dans le contact fixe 1. En effet, d'éventuelles sollicitations accidentelles et relativement modérées sur le levier ou la bielle auront pour effet soit d'appuyer encore plus l'articulation contre sa butée, soit de ramener le coude vers sa position de point mort sans la franchir et ainsi pousser le contact mobile vers sa position d'insertion maximale dans le contact fixe. Ainsi, le poids du contact mobile, de même que les forces électromagnétiques qui tendent à séparer les contacts 1 et 2, n'ont pas d'effet sur la commande du sectionneur. L'arbre de commande 5 peut alors être désaccouplé de la commande du sectionneur sans affecter la stabilité du contact mobile 2.Once the bend in abutment, the movable contact 2 is locked in insertion in the fixed contact 1. Indeed, possible accidental stresses and relatively moderate on the lever or connecting rod will either to press the joint even more against its stop, i.e. to bring back the elbow towards its neutral position without crossing it and thus pushing the contact movable to its maximum insertion position in the fixed contact. So the weight of the moving contact, as well as the electromagnetic forces which tend to separate contacts 1 and 2, have no effect on the control of the switch. The control shaft 5 can then be uncoupled from the disconnector control without affecting the stability of the moving contact 2.

Par la suite, l'ouverture commandée du sectionneur est réalisée en appliquant une force suffisante sur le coude, généralement à partir d'une rotation de l'arbre de commande, afin que ce coude puisse franchir sa position de point mort après laquelle le contact mobile se désengage aisément du contact fixe du fait notamment de son propre poids. La force à appliquer pour franchir le point mort est d'autant plus grande que la valeur butoir choisie pour l'angle α dépasse 180°.Thereafter, the controlled opening of the disconnector is carried out in applying sufficient force to the elbow, usually from a rotation of the control shaft, so that this elbow can cross its neutral position after which the moving contact disengages easily from fixed contact due in particular to its own weight. The force to apply to cross the neutral point is all the greater as the value buffer chosen for angle α exceeds 180 °.

La figure 1B permet de visualiser le positionnement relatif des principaux éléments mobiles pendant la rotation. Il apparaít que tant que l'angle β entre la bielle 7 et l'axe de la tige 3 est supérieur à 90°, la force F de poussée de ladite bielle est dirigée vers l'axe 4 et participe au maintien du contact mobile 2 en position rétractée sur ladite tige, comme illustré au cas a. Une fois β inférieur à 90°, la composante de F sur l'axe de la tige 3 est dirigée vers le haut et augmente progressivement, comme illustré au cas c.FIG. 1B makes it possible to view the relative positioning of the main mobile elements during the rotation. It appears that as long as the angle β between the connecting rod 7 and the axis of the rod 3 is greater than 90 °, the force F thrust of said connecting rod is directed towards the axis 4 and participates in maintaining the movable contact 2 in the retracted position on said rod, as illustrated in case a. Once β less than 90 °, the component of F on the axis of the rod 3 is directed upwards and gradually increases, as illustrated in case c.

Sur la figure 2, on voit partiellement le sectionneur à couteau en position d'ouverture, c'est-à-dire quand la tige 3 est disposée horizontalement et que le levier 6 avec la bielle 7 forment un coude d'angle α d'environ 30°. On a représenté sur cette figure un connecteur métallique souple 8 qui relie électriquement le contact mobile 3 à une prise de courant 9, le carter 10 du sectionneur sur lequel sont montés les axes 4 et 5 et un collier 11 qui est solidaire du contact 2 sur lequel vient en butée l'articulation A du coude après le passage de point mort.In Figure 2, we partially see the knife switch in position opening, that is to say when the rod 3 is arranged horizontally and that the lever 6 with the connecting rod 7 form an angle bend α of approximately 30 °. We have shown in this figure a flexible metal connector 8 which connects electrically the movable contact 3 to a socket 9, the casing 10 of the disconnector on which the axes 4 and 5 are mounted and a collar 11 which is integral with contact 2 on which abutment joint A of the elbow abuts after passing neutral.

Dans un perfectionnement non représenté, le collier 11 présente une section d'épaisseur variable, et est agencé pour pouvoir être tourné autour du contact 2 et bloqué dans une parmi plusieurs positions angulaires possibles, de façon à pouvoir choisir une épaisseur de collier déterminée pour la zone du collier formant butée. Ceci présente l'avantage de pouvoir régler dans une fourchette de quelques degrés l'angle de butée αb , ce qui permet de régler le seuil de force à appliquer pour franchir le point mort préalablement à l'ouverture du sectionneur.In an improvement not shown, the collar 11 has a section of variable thickness, and is arranged to be able to be turned around the contact 2 and locked in one of several possible angular positions, so as to be able to choose a collar thickness determined for the collar area forming stop. This has the advantage of being able to adjust the abutment angle α b within a few degrees, which makes it possible to adjust the force threshold to be applied to cross the neutral point before the disconnector opens.

Sur la figure 3, on voit que le coude actionné par l'arbre de commande 5 est constitué de deux leviers parallèles 6,6' et de deux bielles parallèles 7,7' montées en berceau sur lesquelles ces leviers sont respectivement articulés.In FIG. 3, it can be seen that the elbow actuated by the control shaft 5 consists of two parallel levers 6.6 'and two parallel connecting rods 7.7' cradle mounted on which these levers are respectively articulated.

Le sectionneur selon l'invention peut être multipolaire afin de constituer un seul appareillage pour un circuit polyphasé. Il comprend alors plusieurs contacts mobiles 2 parallèles formés de tubes ayant chacun une longueur de quelques mètres, qui viennent s'insérer respectivement dans des contacts fixes formés chacun par une couronne de doigts de contacts.The disconnector according to the invention can be multipolar in order to constitute a only switchgear for a polyphase circuit. It then includes several 2 parallel movable contacts formed of tubes each having a length of a few meters, which are inserted into contacts respectively fixed, each formed by a ring of contact fingers.

Claims (7)

Un sectionneur haute tension comprenant un contact fixe (1), un contact mobile (2) pouvant coulisser le long d'une tige (3) mobile en rotation autour d'un axe (4), un mécanisme de manoeuvre comportant un arbre de commande (5) rotatif destiné à déplacer en rotation ladite tige d'une première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire où cette tige est placée en alignement avec le contact fixe, un levier (6) solidaire en rotation dudit arbre de commande et coopérant avec une bielle (7) qui est reliée au contact mobile et qui peut faire coulisser ledit contact pour l'insérer dans le contact fixe, ledit levier formant avec ladite bielle un coude qui se déplie complètement pendant l'insertion du contact mobile pour passer une position de point mort au delà de laquelle ledit coude est bloqué en butée dans une position stable, caractérisé en ce que ledit arbre de commande (5) possède un axe longitudinal sensiblement distinct de l'axe (4) de rotation de ladite tige (3), et en ce que l'angle (α) défini par ledit levier (6) et ladite bielle (7) augmente continûment pendant la rotation de la tige pour la fermeture du sectionneur.A high voltage disconnector comprising a fixed contact (1), a movable contact (2) which can slide along a rod (3) movable in rotation about an axis (4), an operating mechanism comprising a control shaft (5) rotary intended to move in rotation said rod from a first angular position towards a second angular position where this rod is placed in alignment with the fixed contact, a lever (6) integral in rotation with said control shaft and cooperating with a connecting rod (7) which is connected to the movable contact and which can slide said contact to insert it into the fixed contact, said lever forming with said connecting rod an elbow which unfolds completely during the insertion of the movable contact to pass a position of neutral point beyond which said elbow is locked in abutment in a stable position, characterized in that said control shaft (5) has a longitudinal axis substantially distinct from the axis (4) of rotation of said tig e (3), and in that the angle (α) defined by said lever (6) and said connecting rod (7) increases continuously during rotation of the rod for closing the disconnector. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une rotation de 90° de la tige (3) est obtenue par une rotation de l'arbre de commande (5) d'un angle supérieur à 90°.The disconnector according to claim 1, wherein a 90 ° rotation of the rod (3) is obtained by a rotation of the control shaft (5) by angle greater than 90 °. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel une butée (11) est montée sur le contact mobile (2) pour bloquer ledit coude dans ladite position stable.The disconnector according to one of claims 1 and 2, in which a stop (11) is mounted on the movable contact (2) to block said elbow in said stable position. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel un collier entourant le contact mobile (2) fait office de butée (11), présente une section d'épaisseur variable et est agencé pour pouvoir être tourné autour dudit contact mobile et bloqué dans une parmi plusieurs positions angulaires possibles.The disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which a collar surrounding the movable contact (2) acts as a stop (11), has a section of variable thickness and is arranged to be rotatable around of said movable contact and locked in one of several angular positions possible. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'angle (α) que forme ledit coude est proche de 30° en position d'ouverture complète du sectionneur.The disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the angle (α) that the said elbow forms is close to 30 ° in the fully open position of the disconnector. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la longueur de la bielle (7) est inférieure à celle du levier (6) et est supérieure à la distance entre l'axe (4) de la tige et l'arbre de commande (5). The disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the length of the connecting rod (7) is less than that of the lever (6) and is greater than the distance between the axis (4) of the rod and the control shaft (5). Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le mécanisme de manoeuvre peut être désaccouplé de son arbre de commande (5) après la fermeture du sectionneur.The disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the operating mechanism can be uncoupled from its shaft control (5) after closing the disconnector.
EP01401945A 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Isolator with contact knife and locking system using the passing of a dead point Withdrawn EP1174894A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0009538 2000-07-20
FR0009538A FR2812124B1 (en) 2000-07-20 2000-07-20 KNIFE DISCONNECTOR WITH A DEAD POINT LOCKING SYSTEM

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EP1174894A1 true EP1174894A1 (en) 2002-01-23

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EP01401945A Withdrawn EP1174894A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Isolator with contact knife and locking system using the passing of a dead point

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EP (1) EP1174894A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2812124B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103644838A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-03-19 中联重科股份有限公司 Rotation angle measuring mechanism, and method, device and system for measuring rotation angle
CN106373811A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-02-01 国网冀北电力有限公司张家口供电公司 Isolation switch contact adjustment device
CN108335942A (en) * 2018-03-06 2018-07-27 浙江工贸职业技术学院 A kind of disconnecting switch

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1200583A (en) * 1957-11-15 1959-12-22 Gardy Particip App Grounding knife

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1200583A (en) * 1957-11-15 1959-12-22 Gardy Particip App Grounding knife

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103644838A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-03-19 中联重科股份有限公司 Rotation angle measuring mechanism, and method, device and system for measuring rotation angle
CN106373811A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-02-01 国网冀北电力有限公司张家口供电公司 Isolation switch contact adjustment device
CN106373811B (en) * 2016-10-19 2018-06-15 国网冀北电力有限公司张家口供电公司 Isolation switch contact adjusting apparatus
CN108335942A (en) * 2018-03-06 2018-07-27 浙江工贸职业技术学院 A kind of disconnecting switch

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FR2812124B1 (en) 2004-06-25
FR2812124A1 (en) 2002-01-25

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