EP1216340B1 - Method and device for construction of an underground pipe duct - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for the construction of an underground pipe duct, particularly for civil engineering. An underground bore (3) is drilled from a starting shaft (2) into which a number of pipe sections (18) are driven to form the pipe duct. The pipe sections (18) are driven in by means of a frame construction (20) to which the pipe sections (18) are coupled in the drive direction individually or groupwise.

Description

The invention relates to a method specified in the preamble of claim 1 Genus and a device according to the preamble of claim 4.

In civil engineering, underground pipelines for the supply of water, gas and heat are provided od. Like. Frequently produced by that of a so-called start or Preßgrube from first a z. B. a milling or cutting head having removal unit is driven in the soil to form a through hole in this. Independently of which way the puncture made on a case-by-case basis is, the removal unit pipe elements are nachgeschoben with these in the resulting drilling one of the mining unit immediately following, gradually train growing pipeline. The removal unit is also equipped with a for Transport of mined soil into the starting pit and follow it Supply unit provided, the z. B. arranged in a guide and transport pipe Screw conveyor has (US-PS 2,839,271, TIS 4/82, pages 253-258).

The introduction of the pipe elements in the substantially horizontal through holes presents considerable difficulties. To avoid that over the produced Pipeline soil lowers, which is particularly in the production of Pipelines under roads, d. H. under the flow of traffic, or under construction Terrain must be avoided, the punctures are usually with a Drilled cross section, which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the tubular elements. Thereby arise when driving the pipe elements considerable frictional forces, the on the one hand by the normal friction of the pipe walls at the through-hole wall, on the other hand due to the load of the soil located above the pipe elements are. Usually, it is assumed that per square meter pipe wall a Pressing force of about one ton for the beginning of the puncture in the starting pit arranged propulsion unit is needed. When laying pipes with a Outside diameters of, for example, 870 mm (500 mm) are measured per meter Tube thus requires about 2.7 tons (1.57 tons) of pressing force, reflecting a total length 100 m of pipeline results in about 270 tons (157 tons). This pressure or Smaller pressures, in particular, must be near the starting pit Pipe elements during installation can withstand. For this reason, become Production of piping of this type usually expensive pipes of reinforced concrete or glass fiber reinforced plastics, although these tubes are after the Only lay a relatively small, resulting from the respective load Need to have compressive strength. Apart from that, this is the way to go because of high required pressing forces anyway only pipes of a maximum of about 100 m Length, while in the production of longer pipes all about 50 to 100 m so-called Zwischenpreßstationen must be established. Laying underground Therefore, piping can not always be carried out economically, because Apart from large complex hydraulic presses also expensive pipe materials for the pipe elements needed.

Therefore, there are already a device and a method of the initially described Genera become known (EP-A-0 319 667), by means of which such Zwischenpreßstation can be saved. For this, the pipeline is in two, each off a plurality of directly behind one another tubes existing halves subdivided, wherein the rear in Vorpreßrichtung in the usual way of a Starting pit and at the same time the front half by means of an attached to the rear end, is driven by the rear half extended Zwischenpreßstation. The on Although the rearmost tubes of both halves to be exerted pressing forces in this way halved, but not significantly reduced overall, if piping of the said lengths are to be produced.

The invention is based on the object, the method and the device of at the outset designated type in that the nachzuschiebenden the dismantling unit Pipe elements are exposed to significantly smaller loads and therefore much cheaper pipes can be used.

To solve this problem, the characterizing features of claims 1 and 4.

The invention has the advantage that due to the drive coupling the tube elements to a arranged in its interior, gradually advanced Substructure each individual pipe element only to his own propulsion must absorb necessary forces. In the examples given above this means at a length of the tubular elements of z. B. 2 m, that each individual pipe element independently whether it is at the beginning or the end of the gradually growing pipeline is arranged to withstand only loads of approximately 5.4 tonnes (3.14 tonnes). The main load, on the other hand, is absorbed by the substructure, which comparatively inexpensively from push rods, pipes, lattice girders od. Like. Are assembled can and z. B. is made of steel.

Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Fig. 1 grob schematisch einen Horizontalschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Herstellung unterirdischer Rohrleitungen;

Fig. 2 Einzelheiten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer entsprechenden, jedoch gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten Darstellung;

Fig. 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie III - III der Fig. 2 unter Weglassung eines Dichtelements; und

Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Einzelheit X der Fig. 2.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings of an embodiment. Show it:

Figure 1 roughly schematically a horizontal section through a device according to the invention for the production of underground pipelines.

Fig. 2 shows details of the device according to the invention in a corresponding, but with respect to Figure 1 enlarged view.

3 shows a section along the line III - III of Figure 2 omitting a sealing element ..; and

4 shows an enlarged detail X of FIG. 2.

According to Fig. 1, an apparatus for producing an underground pipe a removal unit 1, which is driven from a starting or Preßgrube 2 in a preselected, usually horizontal advancing direction v , so that a gradually longer, suitable for receiving the pipe through hole 3 arises. The dismantling unit 1 includes in the exemplary embodiment a cutting head 4, which can be rotated by means of a drive motor, not shown, in revolutions and has a substantially the inner diameter of the through hole 3 corresponding outer diameter. With the cutting head 4 a this in the direction of arrow v trailing and rotatable here with him conveyor 5 is connected in the form of a screw conveyor, which serves the purpose of transporting detached from the cutting head 4 soil in the start pit 2. Furthermore, the dismantling unit 1 usually has a working tube 6, at the front end of a control head 7 is pivotally mounted, which is adjustable by means of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder / piston assemblies 8 within certain limits to correct the propulsion direction v as needed or influence to be able to. The control head 7 has a rearwardly tapered sliding surface 9, which creates a transition from the diameter of the through-hole 3 to the smaller inner diameter of a guide and transport tube 10 and forms a type of hopper for the mined material. The conveyor 5 is composed of individual sections, which are coupled in the direction of advance v or in the direction of a parallel axis 11 of the through hole 3 to each other, as indicated in Fig. 1 by a coupling element 12, fitted onto the coaxial coupling element of a subsequent screw conveyor section and can be secured by a cross pin on this. The transverse pin simultaneously transmits the rotary motion. Also, the guide and transport tube 10 is composed of individual pipe sections, which are arranged in succession on impact. Incidentally, in Fig. 1 schematically a hydraulic or pneumatic, acting on the guide and transport tube 10 and / or the conveyor 5 propulsion unit 14 indicated by means of which the cutting head 4, the conveyor 5 and the guide and transport tube 10 in the course of To be driven for a longer through hole 1.

The actual pipeline is formed by means of tubular elements 18, which the Working tube 6 are pushed from the starting pit 2 and the outer diameter essentially correspond to the inner diameter of the perforation 3. at cylindrical pipes, which are assumed here, is the inner diameter of the Pipe elements 18 sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the guide and Transport tube 10, so that between the two a hollow space 19 (Fig. 2 and 3) arises in the manner of a cylinder ring.

Devices of this kind are the expert z. B. under the name "Horizontal Preßbohrgerät" Generally known and therefore need not be explained in detail.

According to the propulsion of the tubular elements 18 in the through hole 3 is not carried out with the help of a propulsion unit, which is on the rear end of the last, from the starting pit 2 From accessible tubular element 18 acts, but with the aid of a substructure 20th This is indicated schematically in FIG. 1, while FIGS. 2 to 4 show details.

In the exemplary embodiment, the substructure 20 is formed by two push rods 21 and 22, preferably made of square tubes. Each push rod 21, 22 is, as shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4, composed of a plurality of rod sections 21a, 21b, or 22a, 22b arranged one behind the other in the direction of advance v . Each rod portion 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b is provided at one end as shown in FIG. 2 and 4 with a driver element 23 which projects radially outwardly from the respective rod member. In addition, the rod portions 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b have at their ends preferably axially cooperating plug connection elements, by means of which they are axially connectable to each other. These connector elements included in the embodiment (Fig. 4) at one end of the rod sections, here z. B. 21a and 22a, respectively a receiving opening 24 and at the other end of the rod sections, here z. B. 21b and 22b, each having an axially projecting, with as little play in the receiving opening 24 matching projection 25. In this case, both the receiving openings 24 surrounding wall sections and the projections 25 with transverse holes 26 (Fig. 4) provided by the at arranged on push rod elements 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b transverse pins not shown can be inserted. The receiving openings 24 are formed using tubular rod portions 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b, respectively, by their hollow end portions, while the projections 25 suitably protrude from plates 27 fixed to the respective ends of the rod portions (here 21b, 22b) and with radial , Extensions projecting beyond the circumference of the rod sections 21b, 22b simultaneously form the driver elements 23. The plates 27 and the bar sections 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b are preferably made of steel so that they can be joined by welding. Alternatively, it would be possible to provide the plates 27 on both sides with projections 25 and transverse holes 26 and to connect in each case by transverse pins with the two abutting ends of the rod portions 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b.

The rod sections 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b have a length in the direction of advance v which is slightly greater than the length of the tubular elements 18 used in the individual case. The function enabled thereby results from the procedure described below for the propulsion of the tubular elements 18.

Preferably, the substructure 20 each have two push rods 21, 22 and Rod sections 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, the diametrically according to FIG. 1 to 3 on each other opposite sides of the guide and transport tube 10 are arranged. This results in a stable and pressure-resistant arrangement, d. H. the push rods 21, 22 do not bend up or down under pressure, is the leadership and Transport tube 10 on its outer shell expediently with pairs of leadership and Positioning, z. B. by welding, L-shaped guide rails 28th provided, which form between them guide gaps 29, which is substantially the width of the Push rods 21, 22 correspond (Fig. 3). As a result, the push rods 21, 22nd or the bar sections 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b between the pairs from above and held down adjacent guide rails 28. In the direction perpendicular to it, d. H. radially to the axis of the guide and transport tube 10 and viewed horizontally, the rod sections expediently have a width which is approximately equal to the radial width of the Interspace 19 corresponds, so that they in the radial direction by the outer or Inner walls of the tube 10 and der Rohrelemente 18 out and against kinking are secured. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to the various method steps explained, which are to be executed when using the device according to the invention.

After the through hole 3, starting from the starting pit 2, has reached such a length that it completely absorbs the dismantling unit 1, including a first section of the conveyor 5 and the pipe 10, are in the course of continuously increasing through hole 3 on the one hand by means of the coupling elements 12 (Fig. 1) further sections of the conveyor 5 coupled together. On the other hand, the working tube 6 is first pushed a single pipe element 18. These can be acted upon directly from the starting pit 2 by means of the propulsion unit 14 to the rear in the direction of propulsion v end of the tubular element 18, the front end of which lie against the rear end of the working tube 6 and this would also drive. Alternatively, it would be possible to first insert a respective rod portion 21a, 22a in the associated guide gaps 29 and thereby the driver elements 23 to be arranged so that they protrude radially outward, come to lie on the front ends of the rod portions 21a, 22a and to the rear end of the working tube 6. Subsequently, the first pipe element 18a shown on the left in FIG. 2 would be introduced into the throughbore 3 so that the push rods 21, 22 or rod elements 21a, 22a occupy the position shown in FIGS. The tubular element 18a is then z. B. as usual with the help of the propulsion unit 14 is driven from the start pit 2 until it is also arranged entirely or predominantly in the through hole 3. The working tube 6 can be driven by the fact that with the propulsion unit 14 and the rear ends of the rod members 21 a, 22 a is acted upon. This first phase of propulsion is not particularly critical.

Assuming that the left in Fig. 2 pipe element 18 a, the first of the dismantling unit. 1 pushed pipe element is first to the already in the through hole. 3 located portion of the conveyor 5 coupled to another section. Thereafter, the rod portions 21b, 22b in the Figs. 2 and 4 apparent Way coupled to the rod portions 21 a, 22 a and through into the transverse holes 26th inserted transverse pins axially fixedly connected to these. Here are the driver elements 23 at the front ends of the bar sections 21b, 22b and behind the rear End of the already introduced into the through hole 3 pipe section 18a to lie. Subsequently, on the pre-assembled rod sections 21b, 22b, the next pipe element, here 18b, postponed until it with its front to the driver elements 23 encounters.

With the aid of the advancing device 14, a force directed in the direction of advance v is now exerted on the rod sections 21b, 22b and the tubular element 18b. During further propulsion, therefore, the driver elements 23 of the rod sections 21b, 22b engage the rear end of the tubular element 18a already located in the throughbore 3, whereby it is coupled in the advancing direction to the substructure 20 and driven forward by it alone.

Is also the second tube member 18b sufficiently advanced, are in analog Way coupled further conveyor sections, more rod sections to the Rod sections 21b, 22b connected and other pipe elements 18 on this Rod sections put on. As a result, the driver elements 23 of the various Rod elements 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b always with the rear ends of the force coupled directly upstream pipe elements 18 so that they individually and each be pre-pressed by the substructure 20 without the propulsive forces as before from the respective rear pipe element 18 to the respective foremost pipe element 18 would have to be transferred. Each individual tube element 18 must rather at most withstand the pressure that the trailing driver elements 23 have to exercise the substructure 20 to propel this particular pipe element. Thus, although required for propulsion of the substructure 20 force of the sum of for the propulsion of all pipe elements 18 required force is equal to each single pipe element only needed for the propulsion of a single pipe element 18 Power exercised. As a result, tube elements 18 can be used, which is essential less stable than the previously used tube elements, e.g. for usual Concrete or vitrified clay pipes applies.

After completion of the pipeline are first arranged by one at the other end Target pit from the dismantling unit 1 and the conveyor 5 together with leadership and Salvaged transport tube 10. This results in the rod portions 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b free, so that they swung inwards and then pulled out of the pipe can be, with the transverse pins successively from the corresponding transverse holes 26th be pulled out. Be the driver elements 23 here, in particular Fig. 3 shows, arranged on the two sides of the guide and transport tube 10, fall Bar sections 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, etc. even when pulling out of the tube 10 under the influence of gravity automatically on the floor of the pipeline, so that they only for Target pit to be pulled out. A sure fall out of the Carrier elements 23 can be achieved in that the push rods 21, 22 in FIG. 3 slightly V-shaped to each other. Alternatively, it would also be possible to recover the conveyor sections as usual from the starting pit 2, since here usually more space is available. In this case, the rod sections are useful 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b pulled out to the starting pit 2 out of the tubular elements 18.

Thus, the driver elements 23 during the propulsion of the tubular elements 18 is not unintentional jam in the butt joints between two consecutive tubular elements 18, the thicknesses and the positions of the driver elements 23 are selected so that the clear Distances between two driving elements one behind the other in the direction of advance 23, when the substructure 20 in the assembled state located, d. H. the rod elements 21a, 21b or 22a, 22b are arranged in abutment, are slightly larger than the distance of the end-side end faces of the tubular elements 18th equivalent. This ensures that while driving the driver elements 23 at the rear ends of them run ahead pipe elements 18, the front ends the tubular elements 18 but with sufficient clearance in front of them ahead Driver elements 23 come to rest and do not touch them. As Fig. 2 clearly shows, remain between the individual tubular elements 18 sufficiently wide, the easy removal of the driver elements 23 enabling butt joints or column 30th

In order to lay the pipeline still liquid or gas tight, are the Pipe elements 18 preferably provided at their rear ends with sleeves 31, which in the Cross section optionally slightly reduced front end 32 of the subsequent tubular elements 18 in and also sufficient space for a ring-shaped Leave sealing element 33. The arrangement of FIG. 2 is such that the pipe ends when driving do not collide against each other and the rear ends of the pipe elements 18 are surmounted with sufficient axial length of the sleeves 31.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiment, which can be modified in many ways. This applies primarily to those in individual cases used dismantling unit, which are designed differently than shown and instead of the screw conveyor any other conveyor, e.g. B. a hydraulic or with back and having driving loren provided conveyor for the excavated soil could. It is clear that the conveyor 5, if necessary, with appropriate means the bottoms of the tubular elements 18 may be supported so that they automatically with the Pipe elements 18 is driven. Such funds are for. B. in Fig. 3 schematically illustrated support legs 34. Further, other than the illustrated substructures be provided, in particular those which instead of the push rods, the tube 10 enclosing Pipe sections, lattice girder or other structures have and are statically sufficiently stable. In this case, other driver elements can be provided be, for. For example, those with the help of spring elements from the butt joints be driven out between the pipe elements as soon as the guide and transport pipe 10 is pulled out of the pipeline. It would also be possible, the driver elements at the rear ends of the bar sections and arranged so that they Do not obstruct the insertion of the tube elements, or the driver elements in middle Instead of providing at the ends of the rod sections, in which case the Rod sections each partially associated with two consecutive pipe elements would. Further, it would be possible, the driver elements by extruder welding od. Like. to attach to the inner shells of the tubular elements instead of to the pole elements, in particular if they are pipe elements made of plastic (eg PVC) or the like, which have no sleeves and therefore must be butt welded together. It would also be conceivable, of course, the pipe elements not individually, but z. In pairs or to couple in groups of three or more pipe elements to the substructure, in which case the pipe elements would have to be sufficiently stable to correspondingly push two or more pipe elements in front of him. Will each of these groups be on only Limited pipe elements are in this case also the case of each individual Pipe element to be transmitted forces comparatively small. Finally, it goes without saying that the various features in other than those shown and described Combinations can be applied.

Claims (16)

1. Method for the construction of an underground pipeline, in particular for civil engineering works, wherein starting from an initial trench (2) an underground passage (3) is constructed using an excavator unit (1), a plurality of pipe elements (18) forming the pipeline are advanced in this passage and the advancing force is applied with an advance working unit (14) arranged in the initial trench (2) as well as a substructure (20), which can be advanced with this and extends through the pipe elements (18), and wherein the pipe elements (18) are advanced as a result of all or several pipe elements (18) being coupled to the substructure (20) and thus being advanced by the substructure (20) either singly or in several groups comprising pipe elements (18) lying one behind the other.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pipe elements (18) are coupled to the substructure (20) by means of entrainment elements (23), which are attached to the pipe elements (18) and/or the substructure (20) and are arranged one behind the other in the advancing direction.
3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a transport device (5) runs behind the excavator unit (11), and that the substructure (20) includes at least one connecting rod (21, 22), which is arranged in a space (19) between the transport unit (5) and the walls of the pipe elements (18) and is advanced by means of the advance working unit (14).
4. Device for the construction of an underground pipeline, in particular for civil engineering works, with an excavator unit (11), which can be advanced in the direction of a passage (3) being formed, an advance working unit (14) arranged at the beginning of the passage (3) to advance a plurality of pipe elements (18) forming the pipeline inserted into the passage (3) one behind the other, a substructure (20), which can be advanced by the advance working unit (14), for insertion into the pipe elements (18), and means, which can be arranged one behind the other in the advancing direction for coupling the pipe elements (18) to the substructure (20), wherein these means are configured so that all the pipe elements (18) or a plurality of pipe elements (18) respectively belonging to a group of pipe elements (18) lying one behind the other can be coupled to the substructure (20).
5. Device according to Claim 4, characterised in that the excavator unit (11) is provided with a transport unit (5) following it and the substructure (20) has at least one connecting rod (21, 22), which can be inserted into a space (19) between the walls of the pipe elements (18) and the transport unit (5).
6. Device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the transport unit (5) is surrounded by a guide and transport tube (10), which has guide and positioning means (28) for the at least one connecting rod (21, 22).
7. Device according to Claim 6, characterised in that at least two connecting rods (21, 22) arranged diametrically to the guide and transport tube (10) are provided.
8. Device according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the means for coupling the pipe elements (18) comprise a plurality of entrainment elements (23), which are arranged one behind the other in the advancing direction and project radially from the substructure (20) and/or the pipe elements (18).
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the entrainment elements (23) are attached to the front ends of the connecting rods (21, 22) in the advancing direction (v).
10. Device according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterised in that the at least one connecting rod (21, 22) can be assembled from a plurality of rod sections (21a, 21b or 22a, 22b), which each have a length substantially corresponding to the length of the pipe elements (18).
11. Device according to Claim 10, characterised in that each rod section (21 a, 21 b or 22a, 22b) is provided with an entrainment element (23).
12. Device according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterised in that the rod sections (21a, 21b or 22a, 22b) are provided with axially acting connector elements (24, 25) at their ends.
13. Device according to Claim 12, characterised in that the connector elements (24, 25) are provided with transverse holes (26) intended to receive transverse pins.
14. Device according to one of Claims 4 to 13, characterised in that the pipe elements (18) are provided with faces at their ends, and the entrainment elements (23) are configured and spaced from one another in the advancing direction (v) in such a way that gaps (30) receiving the entrainment elements (23) with play are respectively formed between mutually assigned faces of pipe elements (18) laid one behind the other.
15. Device according to Claim 14, characterised in that at their rear ends in the advancing direction (v) the pipe elements (18) are provided with bushings (31) bridging the gap (30).
16. Device according to Claim 15, characterised in that the bushings (31) leave cavities between them and the pipe elements (18) for the insertion of gaskets (33).

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