EP1216157B1 - Punching device for stacks of sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for punching stacks of sheets, especially for use in a combined punching and binding machine. The punching device comprises an insertion gap (12) which is delimited on one side by a punch die (60) and which is for the sheets (14) to be provided with a row of punch holes that are located close to the edge, and comprises a number of punching blades (46, 56) which are arranged along the insertion gap at defined intervals, and which can be transversally displaced through the insertion gap (12) and the punch die (60) by an actuating lever (20). The aim of the invention is to provide an especially simple and low-friction construction. To this end, several punching blades (46) are interconnected by a base web (45) while forming a one-piece punch body (44). In addition, at least one of the punch bodies (44) is detachably coupled to a punching blade shaft (28), which can be rotated around a central axis (50) by the actuating lever (20), and is coaxially curved in relation to the central axis. The punch body, at least at its punching blades (46) that are oriented in a peripheral direction, is radially interspaced from the punching blade shaft (28).

Description

The invention relates to a device for punching sheet stacks, in particular for a combined punching and binding machine, with one side insertion slot limited by a punch die for those with a row sheets of the sheet stack to be provided from punch holes near the edge and with a number of at defined intervals along the slot arranged from each other, via an actuator across the slot and the punching die which can be moved through the punching die.

In known punching devices for combined punching and binding machines the punch knives lead through the insertion gap and the punch die continuous linear movement. There is a lever for actuation provided, the pivoting movement via gear means in the linear movement the punch knife is implemented. The constructive structure of the known punching devices is relatively complicated, so that a considerable Construction and assembly effort is required. Add to that the multitude the punch knife and the required guides a relative high proportion of the actuating force to overcome frictional forces and must be used to provide deformation work.

EP-A-864440 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is a punching device to improve the type specified in that a relatively little construction and assembly work is required and that at Friction and deformation losses occurring during operation are reduced.

To solve this problem, the specified in claims 1 and 15 Characteristic combinations proposed. Advantageous configurations and further developments of the invention result from the dependent Claims.

The solution according to the invention is based on the idea that the Punching knife with one over the actuator around a central axis rotatable cutter shaft detachably coupled and curved coaxially to the central axis are radial in their parts pointing in the circumferential direction Have a distance from the knife shaft.

According to a first embodiment variant according to the invention, there are several Punch knife in one piece over a base web to form a punch body connected to each other, the punch body with the via the actuator Knife shaft rotatably coupled about the central axis is.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that on the knife shaft a radially protruding, elongated receiving rib for at least one of the punch body is arranged and that the punch body in the area of its base web at least two spaced apart Breakthroughs for receiving radially protruding from the knife shaft Has retaining pin. To the applied on the actuator To be able to transfer leverage completely to the punching knife has the Receiving rib advantageously a radially pointing in the circumferential direction on the knife shaft protruding stop step against which the punch body in the assembled state with the back edge of its base web.

In order to reduce the punching forces to be overcome, at least one Part of the punching knives on their front faces on oblique cutting edges. It has proven to be advantageous if at least two of the cutting edges have different oblique angles when viewed in the punching direction, at least two of the cutting edges viewed in the punching direction can be inclined on opposite sides. in principle it is also possible to have at least one of the cutting edges transverse to the cutting direction align.

Alternatively, at least some of the punching knives can be on their end also have concave curved, crescent-shaped cutting edges.

This can further reduce the punching forces to be overcome can be achieved that the punch knife within a punch body different Survive far beyond the base bridge. It has proven to be beneficial proven if the punch body has an odd number of punch knives having, advantageously the middle punch knife of the punch body is longer than the other punch knives and acts as a guide knife. It is also advantageous if the two outer punching knives have one Die body shorter than the middle one but longer than the other die cutters are. In this way it is achieved that during the punching process Torques attacking the punching body can be kept small.

According to a further preferred or alternative embodiment of the invention is at least a part of the punching knife individually on a knife holder arranged, the knife holder with the over the actuator Knife shaft rotatable about the central axis can be coupled. Here too the punching knife pointing in the circumferential direction of the knife shaft is coaxial curved to the central axis and has a radial distance from the knife shaft on. A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that at least one of the knife holders axially immovable and in the circumferential direction optionally slidable or lockable via a coupling mechanism is arranged on the knife shaft. With these measures it is achieved that individual punching knives of the knife arrangement are optionally switched off can be. With this, given a sheet format, edge punchings can be made be avoided.

The clutch mechanism expediently has a camshaft with one each the cam curve assigned to the individual knife holders and one each Radially adjustable locking member on the associated cam curve. The The camshaft can engage in a central bore in the knife shaft, so that the camshaft and the knife shaft against each other about the central axis are rotatable. The locking member advantageously engages through one radial breakthrough in the knife shaft, being in the locked position under the action of the cam curve in one to the radially inside lying knife shaft open radial bore of the knife holder engages and in the switch-off position from the radial bore in the direction Knife shaft is pushed out. The blocking member is conveniently under the action of a force pointing in the direction of the camshaft Knife holder supported spring.

The knife shaft is advantageously rotationally fixed with an actuating lever connected. But it can also be driven by a motor.

The curved punching knives are practical with their convex outer surface guided in a concave curved slide guide fixed to the housing. to Reduction of the frictional forces can be achieved by ribs on the convex outer surface and / or a linear system in the concave sliding guide be achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Stamping die formed as a metal plate, which around a in the entry area Punch openings running centrally along the bend edge is bent while widening the punch openings. It is also advantageous if the insertion gap is on the side opposite the punch die has a scraper with openings for the punch knives to pass through, it is sufficient for guiding the punching knife when in the rest position only the longest punch knife in the associated shaft Wiper breakthrough engages.

Fig. 1

eine schaubildliche Darstellung einer kombinierten Stanz- und Bindemaschine in aufgeklapptem Zustand;

Fig. 2a und b

einen Längsschnitt durch die Stanz- und Bindemaschine nach Fig. 1 in schaubildlicher Darstellung mit und ohne Messerwelle;

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch die Stanz- und Bindemaschine nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 4a

eine schaubildliche Explosionsdarstellung der Messerwelle mit Stanzmessem und Nockenwelle für die Ansteuerung der Schaltmesser;

Fig. 4b

eine schaubildliche Ansicht der Messerwelle im montierten Zustand;

Fig. 5a

eine Stimseitenansicht der Messerwelle mit Nockenwelle und Schaltmesser;

Fig. 5b und c

einen Schnitt durch die Messerwelle bei gekuppeltem und entkuppeltem Schaltmesser;

Fig. 6a

ein Stanzkörper mit sieben Stanzmessem in schaubildlicher Darstellung;

Fig. 6b und c

eine Breitseitenansicht und eine Stirnseitenansicht des Stanzkörpers nach Fig. 6a in vergrößerter Darstellung;

Fig. 7a

eine schaubildliche Darstellung der Stanzmatrize;

Fig. 7b und c

zwei senkrechte Schnitte durch die Stanzmatrize im Bereich der Stanzlöcher und der Befestigungslöcher.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it

Fig. 1

a diagrammatic representation of a combined punching and binding machine in the open state;

2a and b

a longitudinal section through the punching and binding machine of Figure 1 in a diagrammatic representation with and without knife shaft.

Fig. 3

a longitudinal section through the punching and binding machine according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 4a

a diagrammatic exploded view of the knife shaft with punching knife and camshaft for controlling the switching knife;

Fig. 4b

a perspective view of the knife shaft in the assembled state;

Fig. 5a

a front view of the knife shaft with camshaft and switching knife;

5b and c

a section through the knife shaft with coupled and uncoupled switching knife;

Fig. 6a

a punch body with seven punch knives in a graphical representation;

6b and c

a broad side view and an end view of the punch body of Figure 6a in an enlarged view.

Fig. 7a

a graphical representation of the punch die;

7b and c

two vertical cuts through the punching die in the area of the punching holes and the fastening holes.

The punching and binding machine shown in the drawing is for punching and binding sheets of different thicknesses and with different Sheet formats determined. The punching and binding machine includes one Punching mechanism 10 with an insertion gap 12 for those with a row of sheets 14 to be provided near the edge of the binding, a binding mechanism 16 for binding the sheet stack in the area of the binding holes by means of a not shown, elastically spreadable spine relative to the machine housing 18 between a working position and a leaf magazine 20 with measuring chamber 22, which can be pivoted to a rest position, and a measuring arrangement engaging in the measuring chamber of the sheet magazine 20 24 for the thickness measurement of the one located in the measuring chamber, not illustrated stack of sheets. An arrangement 26 for the Format setting, an actuating lever coupled to a knife shaft 28 30 for the actuation of the punching knives arranged on the knife shaft 46, 56 of the punching mechanism 10 and one designed as a slide Actuator 34 for the mutual spreading of the binding mechanism 16 forming expansion body 36.38.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4b, it has at one end 40 the operating lever 30 detachable knife shaft over a partial length radially projecting receiving ribs 42 extending on the knife shaft, which form a stop step 40 for punch body 44. The punch body 44 have several protruding circumferentially over the receiving ribs 42 and punch knives 46 spaced axially apart on, which carry a cutting edge 48 on their front side. The punch body 44 with the punching knives 46 are coaxial to the axis 50 in the assembled state the knife shaft 28 curved. The individual punch blades 46 of the punch body 44 are in the circumferential direction to different degrees over the base web 45 over so that they are in different angular positions during the punching process of the operating lever 30 take effect. This will overcome those Punching forces reduced.

The punch body 46 shown in FIGS. 6a to c has a total of seven Punching knives 46 projecting to different degrees over the base web 45 the middle punch knife is longer than the other punch knives, while the two outer die cutters are shorter than the middle one, but longer than the other die cutters. With these precautions is achieved that the moment forces acting on the punch body 44 during the punching process, which could tilt the punch body 44 with respect to the knife shaft, be reduced. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 6a and b, the cutting knives have oblique cutting edges 48 on their end faces on, with partly different oblique angles, which in different Can point directions. Instead of the diagonal cutting edges In the guillotine style, concave, crescent-shaped punching edges can also be used be provided.

The punch body 44 are not shown on the holes 52 in FIG Pin the receiving ribs 42 against displacement in the circumferential direction and fixed in the axial direction. On the knife shaft 28 are in the shown Embodiment also three in different axial positions Knife holder 54 located, which protrude in the circumferential direction have curved punch knives 56 and via a camshaft 58 can optionally be coupled with the knife shaft 28 in a form-fitting manner.

The insertion gap 12 on the cutting edges 48 is the cutting knife 46 and 56 opposite side delimited by a punch die 60, the passage openings 62 arranged at equal intervals from one another for the punching knives 46, 56 and that on their insertion slot 12 opposite side open into a receptacle 64 for punching waste. The stamping die 60 is designed as a metal plate which extends over the fastening holes 61 is screwed to a housing-fixed part. Like from the 7b and c can be seen, the punch die is one in the entry area of the through openings 62 in the middle, running along the through openings Bending edge 63 folded to widen the punch openings. The insertion gap is on the flank opposite the punching die 60 12 by a scraper 65 with openings for the passage of the Stamping knife 46, 56 limited. Exactly around the flying knife to align, at least one of the punching knives 46, 56 engages in the rest position the knife shaft 28 into the associated wiper opening. On their convex outside 67, the punching bodies 44 are concave curved, housing-fixed sliding guide 69 out. The sliding guide can be provided with circumferential ribs to the frictional forces to reduce.

During the punching process, the actuating lever 30 is pointing upwards Starting position pivoted into the end position shown in Fig. 1. The punching knives 46, 56 arrive with their cutting edges 48 one after the other through the stripper 65 into the insertion gap 12 and the Passage opening 62 of the punch die 60 and in this way generate the Binding holes near the edge in the sheets 14 in the insertion gap.

In order to position the binding holes correctly in the edge of the sheets 14, some settings are made before the punching process. To the rotary knob 76 is used on the one hand to select the sheet format and on the other the actuator 24 for determining the stack thickness and for setting the dependent setting parameters.

With the help of the rotary knob 76 for the format setting is within the Insertion gap 12 a stop for the sheets 14 to be punched set. In addition, the switch blades 54 are made in accordance with the predetermined Format switched on or off. It becomes a symmetrical one Hole arrangement achieved along the edge of the hole and at the same time avoided, that side edges are punched out.

A camshaft 58 is connected to the rotary knob 76 in a rotationally and displaceably fixed manner. The camshaft 58 engages in one side of the rotary knob 76 open central bore 90 of the cutter shaft 28 and points to the axial Positions of the rotatable on the knife shaft 28 about the axis 50 Knife holder 54 each have a cam curve 92. As shown in Fig. 5a to c can be seen, the camshafts 58 a via the cam curves 92 locking pin arranged in a radial opening 94 of the knife shaft 28 96 positioned radially. The locking pin 96 is under the influence of an Knife holder 54 is supported by spring 98, which presses it against cam cam 92 suppressed. Depending on the rotational position of the respective cam curve 92, the locking pin engages 96 into a blind hole 100 open to the knife shaft 28 or is made of this coughed up. In the engaged position of the locking pin there is a positive connection of the knife holder 54 in question with the knife shaft 28, while in the disengaged position there is no positive connection and the knife holder 54 in a circumferential groove 102 of the knife shaft 28 coaxially is rotatable to axis 50 (switch-off position).

As can be seen from FIGS. 2a, b and 3, the bottom 104 of the measuring chamber 22 a plurality of steps 118 leading to the rear contact surface 106 descend. With this step arrangement it is possible to make a thick one Subdivide the stack of sheets so that the partial stacks are slightly above their upper Step edge can be recorded individually. Levels 118 are chosen so that the individual partial stacks fit into the insertion gap 12. Thereby is punching and binding thick sheet stacks that are not punched at once can be relieved.

In summary, the following can be stated: The invention relates to a device for punching sheet stacks, especially for a combined Punching and binding machine. The punching device has one side by a die 60 limited insertion slot 12 for those with a Row of punch holes to be provided near the edge 14 and one Number of along the insertion gap at defined distances from each other arranged, via an actuating lever 20 across the insertion gap 12 and the punch die 60 movable punch knives 46, 56 on. A particularly simple and low-friction construction is according to the Invention achieved in that a plurality of punch knives 46 via a base web 45 integrally connected to form a punch 44 are that at least one of the punch body 44 with one above the Actuating lever 30 knife shaft 28 rotatable about a central axis 30 is detachably coupled and curved coaxially to the central axis, and that the Punching body at least on its punching knives pointing in the circumferential direction 46 has a radial distance from the cutter shaft 28.

Claims (27)

1. Device for punching stacks of sheets, in particular for a combined punching and binding machine, with an insertion slot (12) for the sheets (14) of a sheet stack to be provided with punch holes near an edge, the insertion slot bordered on one side by a punch die (60), and with a plurality of punch blades (46, 56) provided in predetermined separation from each other along the insertion slot (12) which can be transversely displaced through the insertion slot (12) and the punch die (60) by an operating means (30), thereby characterized, that multiple punch blades (46) are connected with each other via a base frame (45) into a single unit forming a punch body (44), that at least one of the punch bodies (44) is releaseably coupled with a blade shaft (28) rotatable about a central axis (50) via the operating means (30), the punch blades curved coaxial to the central axis (50), and at least the circumference direction facing part of the punch blades (46) radially spaced from the blade shaft (28).
2. Device according to Claim 1, thereby characterized, that a radially projecting longitudinally extending receiving rib (42) is provided on the blade shaft (28) for at least one punch body (44).
3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, thereby characterized, that the at least one punch body (44) in the area of its base frame (45) exhibits at least two spaced apart arranged through holes (52) for receiving lock-pins projecting radially from the blade shaft (28).
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 through 3, thereby characterized, that the receiving rib (42) exhibits an abutment step (41) projecting radially beyond the blade shaft facing in the circumference direction, against which the at least one punch body (44) lies with its free back edge of its base frame (45) when in the mounted condition.
5. Device according to one of Claims 1 through 4, thereby characterized, that at least some of the punch blades (46) exhibit, on their leading edge, slanted punch cutter surfaces (48).
6. Device according to Claim 5, thereby characterized, that at least two of the punch cutter surfaces (48), viewed in the punch direction, exhibit different slant angles.
7. Device according to Claim 5 or 6, thereby characterized, that at least two of the punch cutter surfaces (48), viewed in the punch direction, are slanted in opposite directions.
8. Device according to one of Claims 5 through 7, thereby characterized, that at least one of the punch cutter surfaces is oriented transverse to the punch direction.
9. Device according to one of Claims 1 through 8, thereby characterized, that at least one of the punch blades (46) exhibits on its leading edge a concave curved punch cutter (48).
10. Device according to one of Claims 1 through 9, thereby characterized, that the punch blades (46) of the punch body (44) project differing lengths beyond the base frame (45).
11. Device according to Claim 10, thereby characterized, that the punch body (44) exhibits an uneven number of punch blades (46).
12. Device according to Claim 10 or 11, thereby characterized, that the central punch blade (46) of the punch body (44) is longer than the remaining punch blades.
13. Device according to one of Claims 10 through 12, thereby characterized, that the two outer punch blades (46) of the punch body (44) are shorter than the central, but longer than the remaining punch blades.
14. Device according to one Claims 1 through 13, thereby characterized, that at least one of the punch blades (56) is provided individually on a blade holder (54), which is coupleable with a blade shaft rotatable about a central axis (50) via the operating means (30), wherein the punch blades (56) projecting in the circumference direction of the blade shaft (28) are curved coaxial to the central axis (50) and exhibit a radial separation from the blade shaft (28).
15. Device for punching stacks of sheets, in particular for a combined punching and binding machine, with an insertion slot (12) for the sheets (14) of a sheet stack to be provided with punch holes near an edge, the insertion slot bordered on one side by a punch die (60), and with a plurality of punch blades (46, 56) provided in predetermined separation from each other along the insertion slot (12) which can be transversely displaced through the insertion slot (12) and the punch die (60) by an operating means (30), thereby characterized, that at least one of the punch blades (56) is provided individually on a blade holder (54), which is coupleable with a blade shaft rotatable about a central axis (50) via the operating means (30), wherein the punch blades (56) projecting in the circumference direction of the blade shaft (28) are curved coaxial to the central axis (50) and exhibit a radial separation from the blade shaft (28).
16. Device according to Claim 14 or 15, thereby characterized, that the blade holder (54) is provided on the blade shaft (28) axially non-slideable and selectively rotatable in the circumference direction or arrestable on the blade shaft (28) via a coupling mechanism (92, 96).
17. Device according to Claim 16, thereby characterized, that the coupling mechanism includes a camshaft (58) with a cam curve (92) associated with respectively each of the individual blade holders (54) as well as a locking means (96) moveable radially via respectively one of the associated cam curves.
18. Device according to Claim 17, thereby characterized, that the camshaft (58) extends into a central borehole (90) of the blade shaft (28) and is rotatable with respect thereto.
19. Device according to Claim 17 or 18, thereby characterized, that the locking means (96) engages through a radial through-hole (94) in the blade shaft (98), wherein it engages in the detent position under the influence of the cam curve (92) in a radial borehole (100) of the blade holder (54) open towards the radially inward lying blade shaft (28), and in the disconnect position is forced out of the radial borehole in the direction of the blade shaft.
20. Device according to one of Claims 17 through 19, thereby characterized, that the locking means (96) is under the influence of a force of a spring (98) supported in the blade holder (54) directed towards the direction of the cam curve (58).
21. Device according to one Claims 1 through 20, thereby characterized, that the blade shaft (28) is connected fixed against rotation with an operating means in the form of an actuating lever (30).
22. Device according to one Claims 1 through 20, thereby characterized, that the blade shaft (28) is motor driven.
23. Device according to one Claims 1 through 22, thereby characterized, that the punch blade (46, 56) is guided on its concave outer surface (67) in a housing fixed, concave curved slide guide (69).
24. Device according to one Claims 1 through 23, thereby characterized, that the pass through opening (62) of the punch die (60) exhibits a cross section which varies from the entry side towards the exit side.
25. Device according to Claim 24, thereby characterized, that the punch die (60) is formed as a metal plate, which is curved along a forming edge (63) running centrally along the pass through openings (62) with a widening of the pass through opening at the entry area of the pass through opening (62).
26. Device according to one of Claims 1 through 25, thereby characterized, that the insertion slot (12) includes, on the side lying opposite to the punch die (60), a stripper (65) with through holes for the passage through of the punch blades (46, 56).
27. Device according to Claim 26, thereby characterized, that in the rest position of the blade shaft (28) only the respective longest punch blade (46, 56) engages in the associated stripper through hole.

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