EP1215300B1 - Scraper for hot dip coating method - Google Patents

Scraper for hot dip coating method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1215300B1
EP1215300B1 EP01128698A EP01128698A EP1215300B1 EP 1215300 B1 EP1215300 B1 EP 1215300B1 EP 01128698 A EP01128698 A EP 01128698A EP 01128698 A EP01128698 A EP 01128698A EP 1215300 B1 EP1215300 B1 EP 1215300B1
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Prior art keywords
molten metal
inductor
flow
article
metal
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EP01128698A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1215300A3 (en
EP1215300A2 (en
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Leopold Barleon
Rudolf Stockmeyer
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BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH
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BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE10128710A external-priority patent/DE10128710A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/24—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using magnetic or electric fields

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for stripping excess molten metal, especially zinc melts in hot dip and takes the priority of the German patent applications 100 61 869.3 and 101 28 710.0, to which reference is made.
  • thin uniform metal layers i.a. also applied zinc layers by means of various methods on metal strips.
  • the strip first passes through a molten zinc melt and is subsequently drawn off at the top. Due to its viscosity, the melt adheres to the metal strip above the metal bath level and thus forms a freely adhering zinc layer around the metal strip.
  • This zinc layer is usually much thicker than needed - so it can z.T. up to 20 times the required layer thickness - and must therefore be traced back to the respective desired layer thickness.
  • this method has the disadvantage that at most zinc layers of 30 to 40 g / m 2 per band side can be produced, although in some cases even thinner layers are required. In addition, there may be clogging of the gap nozzles when the tape abuts against the nozzles. Another disadvantage is that forms undesirable slag just in the use of air. There are also problems of noise pollution and the formation of zinc dust.
  • Electromagnetic scrapers have been developed to avoid these disadvantages (Malmendier, M., Schyns: Improvement in Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coating - Measurement and Control European Commission, Contract No. 7210-GB / 207/409/604/810, EUR 18802) EN, 1999; Lloyd-Jones, C., HA Barker, VJ Worner: Investigation into magnetic wiping techniques as alternative to gas wiping on hot dip galvanizing lines Ironmaking and Steelmaking 1998, Vol. 25). Such an electromagnetic stripper is also known from EP 0 681 036 B1.
  • inductors are arranged with electric coils above the melt. But you can also partially immerse in the melt.
  • the current applied in the coils generates a magnetic field, which in turn induces a current in the molten zinc.
  • Excess metal is first discharged with the tape up and is subsequently stripped off magnetically. The effect thus produced corresponds in principle to that of the pneumatic scrapers.
  • the known electromagnetic stripping require a very high magnetizing current and also have the particular disadvantage that layers in the minimum of 90 g / m 2 can be produced.
  • wiping nozzles which adjust the applied metal layer in a conventional manner.
  • This system is disadvantageous since the molten metal to be applied has to be conveyed over long distances and threatens to cool down.
  • Patent Abstract of Japan for JP 111 72400 A and GB 1 221 905 and Patent Abstract of Japan for JP 2000 212714 A it is known to exert influence on a metal melt applied to the metal strip by means of magnets provided on rotating rolls in order to adjust the applied metal layer ,
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for stripping metal melts, in particular for producing thin metal layers, which largely overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. Likewise, an apparatus for carrying out the method is to be provided.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the idea of accelerating the downwardly directed melt flow starting in the removal of an article, for example a belt, in a direction opposite to the upward movement and guiding the accelerated melt stream back against the belt in the form of a so-called free jet.
  • the melt flows down in countercurrent to the ascending belt. By this countercurrent, the boundary layer, i. reduces the metal layer on the tape.
  • the inventive method thus uses the kinetic energy of the flow to strip superfluous melt. Accordingly, it represents a dynamic stripping compared to the known methods, while those are more static, since the boundary layer is not flown, but only volume forces are coined in the boundary layer.
  • the acceleration of the melt stream and the subsequent utilization of the kinetic energy have the advantage that it is possible to achieve much higher energy densities on the belt.
  • the generation and the acceleration of the melt stream (or volume flow) can be done by magneto-hydrodynamic (magneto-hydrodynamic wipers (MHD)).
  • MHD magneto-hydrodynamic wipers
  • a magnetic field and the current are not impressed separately, as is customary in the known methods, but only a magnetic field is impressed. This induces the current in the melt.
  • it is a magnetic rotating field.
  • the magneto-hydrodynamic stripping is based on the following principle:
  • Inductors can induce voltages in the molten metal and in the strip and thus generate an electrical flow field. In this case, together with the resulting magnetic field, a force field in the metal bath, in the metal layer and in the band arise.
  • the direction of force in the region between the inductors has substantially downwards and is opposite to the direction of the rising band.
  • the retention of the metal can thus be largely below and above the metal bath level, wherein the preferred range for the retention of the metal is in the amount of the metal bath level.
  • Several sub-processes play a role, whereby below the bath level, a downwardly directed circulating flow field can arise in the molten metal, which - in the case of a narrow cross-section - can have an increased speed.
  • the acceleration of the melt flow can take place in a flow gap (or flow channel) which lies between an inductor used to generate the rotating field and a housing surrounding the inductor.
  • a flow gap or flow channel
  • the melt stream can enter the flow gap and then circulate it at a high rotational speed relative to the belt speed before being discharged from the outlet of the gap at the metal bath level.
  • To further increase the speed of the outlet may be formed in the form of a slit nozzle.
  • the use of a flow channel has the advantage that the melt comes as little as possible into contact with the ambient air and so unwanted slagging can be reduced. If the stripping, for example, take place on a belt, this arrangement can be mounted on both sides of the belt.
  • the volume forces are impressed in the flow channel and converted into flow velocity. This acts on the boundary layer between the molten metal and the object.
  • the angle between the free jet flowing from the flow gap against the melt and the strip should be kept as small as possible, so that an unwanted vortex formation in particular in the critical space, i. the space above the impingement of the free jet on the tape is avoided as far as possible.
  • This so-called angle of attack is preferably less than 20 degrees.
  • the stripping takes place by means of the method according to the invention at the exit point of the object from the molten metal.
  • the device for stripping all or partially immerse in the melt.
  • the housing surrounding the inductor can be ceramic coated inside and outside.
  • the housing may be ferromagnetic, so that it can form a magnetic inference for the rotating field. This has the advantage of reducing the required magnetizing current.
  • the housing may have in the direction of the bandwidth a plurality of variable variable air gaps in the form of slidable segments through which the magnetic flux can be selectively changed. This leads to an influence on the flow velocity of the melt at the discharge nozzle (outlet), so that it is possible to adjust the thickness of the metal layer over the width of the object.
  • the layer thickness at individual width locations can thus be adjusted via the strength of the magnetic field with the aid of the air gaps.
  • the inductor preferably has a width that is greater than the respective bandwidth. It can consist of a laminated iron package with slots for an electrical winding. According to the invention, the inductors can be positioned either horizontally or vertically. The windings of the inductors should be arranged so that a rotating magnetic field (rotating field) is formed. Advantageously, a material with high electrical conductivity and a temperature resistance above 600 ° C is used. The band gap can be a few millimeters. If the Inductor consists of an iron package, this can represent the so-called yoke for the inference of the molten metal.
  • the arrangement 1 of FIG. 1 consists of two inductors 2 and 3, which partially dip into a bath 4 of molten zinc 5. They are arranged at a height h2 above the bath level.
  • the windings of the inductors are arranged so that a rotating magnetic field 7 (rotating field) is formed, whose direction of force is opposite to the direction of the ascending belt.
  • the stripper according to the invention of Fig. 2 consists of a cylindrical ferromagnetic inductor 10, the surface of which is ceramic coated. It has a multi-phase winding 20 which is distributed over its entire circumference. The winding receives impressed currents with adjustable current and frequency. The winding generates a magnetic rotating field.
  • the inductor is formed by a likewise cylindrical ferromagnetic housing 30 surrounded, which is ceramic coated inside and out. It carries radially displaceable housing segments 40 for setting an additional air gap I.
  • a flow gap 50 Between the housing and inductor extends annularly a flow gap 50 through which liquid molten metal at high circulation speed relative to the speed V B of the band runs. The flow flows in the image counterclockwise.
  • the flow gap is opened to the belt via an outlet 60 and an inlet 70.
  • the inlet is located below the outlet close to the belt.
  • Inlet and outlet have an angle ⁇ E and ⁇ A to the bathroom mirror 90 on. From the outlet of the free jet 110 exits. It impinges on the upwardly moving belt 80 under the angle of attack and with the outflow velocity V. The angle of attack and the inlet to the flow gap make it possible to keep the critical area 100 as free as possible of swirling.
  • the axis of the inductor has a distance A to the band.
  • the inductor is immersed in the melt with the depth T.

Abstract

Skimming molten metal (5) from objects comprises immersing the object into a molten metal; moving the object upward from the melt; accelerating a melt stream flowing downward onto the object in an opposite direction to the upward direction of the object; and blasting the melt stream against the object. An independent claim is also included for a device for skimming molten metal from an object comprising inductors (2, 3), in which at least one inductor is immersed in the melt. Preferred Features: The melt stream is passed through a flow gap. The speed of the melt stream in the gap is regulated using different air gaps.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Abstreifen überschüssiger Metallschmelzen, insbesondere Zinkschmelzen bei Schmelztauchverfahren und nimmt die Priorität der deutschen Patentanmeldungen 100 61 869.3 und 101 28 710.0 in Anspruch, auf die inhaltlich Bezug genommen wird.The invention relates to a method and apparatus for stripping excess molten metal, especially zinc melts in hot dip and takes the priority of the German patent applications 100 61 869.3 and 101 28 710.0, to which reference is made.

Zur Verbesserung der korrosiven und optischen Bandeigenschaften werden dünne gleichmäßige Metallschichten, u.a. auch Zinkschichten mittels verschiedener Verfahren auf Metallbänder aufgebracht. So durchläuft beispielsweise bei der Bandverzinkung nach dem Schmelztauchverfahren das Band zunächst eine Zinkschmelze und wird anschließend nach oben abgezogen. Aufgrund ihrer Viskosität haftet die Schmelze oberhalb des Metallbadspiegels an dem Metallband und bildet damit um das Metallband eine frei anhaftende Zinkschicht. Diese Zinkschicht ist meist wesentlich dicker als benötigt - so kann sie z.T. bis zum 20-fachen der geforderten Schichtdicke betragen - und muß deshalb im Anschluß auf die jeweilig angestrebte Schichtdicke zurückgeführt werden.To improve the corrosive and optical tape properties, thin uniform metal layers, i.a. also applied zinc layers by means of various methods on metal strips. For example, during strip galvanizing by the hot dip process, the strip first passes through a molten zinc melt and is subsequently drawn off at the top. Due to its viscosity, the melt adheres to the metal strip above the metal bath level and thus forms a freely adhering zinc layer around the metal strip. This zinc layer is usually much thicker than needed - so it can z.T. up to 20 times the required layer thickness - and must therefore be traced back to the respective desired layer thickness.

Dazu ist es bekannt, das überschüssige Metall noch in flüssigem Zustand außerhalb des Bades und oberhalb des Metallbadspiegels mit Hilfe pneumatischer Abstreifer zurückzuhalten, so daß sich die gewünschte Schichtdicke ergibt. So wird beispielsweise in einer Höhe von etwa 0,5 bis 1 m oberhalb des Zinkbades dicht am Band zu beiden Seiten eine Spaltdüse installiert, die sich über die gesamte Bandbreite erstreckt. Als Gas wird z.B. Luft oder Stickstoff verwendet. Durch den hohen Auftreffimpuls des Gases auf die flüssige Schmelzenschicht wird Schmelze abgestreift und fließt am Band entlang zurück in das Bad.For this purpose, it is known to retain the excess metal still in the liquid state outside the bath and above the metal bath level by means of pneumatic wipers, so as to give the desired layer thickness. Thus, for example, at a height of about 0.5 to 1 m above the zinc bath close to the band on both sides of a slit nozzle installed, which extends across the entire bandwidth. As the gas, for example, air or nitrogen is used. Due to the high impact impulse of the gas on the liquid melt layer melt is stripped and flows along the tape back into the bath.

Dieses Verfahren hat vor allem den Nachteil, daß damit allenfalls Zinkschichten von 30 bis 40 g/m2 je Bandseite erzeugt werden können, obwohl teilweise noch dünnere Schichten benötigt werden. Zudem kann es zu Verstopfungen der Spaltdüsen kommen, wenn das Band gegen die Düsen stößt. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß sich gerade bei der Verwendung von Luft unerwünschte Schlacke bildet. Dazu kommen Probleme der Lärmbelastung und der Entstehung von Zinkstaub.Above all, this method has the disadvantage that at most zinc layers of 30 to 40 g / m 2 per band side can be produced, although in some cases even thinner layers are required. In addition, there may be clogging of the gap nozzles when the tape abuts against the nozzles. Another disadvantage is that forms undesirable slag just in the use of air. There are also problems of noise pollution and the formation of zinc dust.

Zur möglichen Vermeidung dieser Nachteile wurden elektromagnetische Abstreifer entwickelt (Malmendier, M.; M. Schyns: Improvement in Zinc' and Zinc Alloy Coating - Measurement and Control European Commission, Contract No. 7210-GB / 207 / 409 / 604 / 810 EUR 18802 EN, 1999; Lloyd-Jones, C., H. A. Barker, V. J. Worner: Investigation into magnetic wiping techniques as alternative to gas wiping on hot dip galanising lines Ironmaking and Steelmaking 1998, Vol. 25). Ein solcher elektromagnetischer Abstreifer ist auch aus EP 0 681 036 B1 bekannt.Electromagnetic scrapers have been developed to avoid these disadvantages (Malmendier, M., Schyns: Improvement in Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coating - Measurement and Control European Commission, Contract No. 7210-GB / 207/409/604/810, EUR 18802) EN, 1999; Lloyd-Jones, C., HA Barker, VJ Worner: Investigation into magnetic wiping techniques as alternative to gas wiping on hot dip galvanizing lines Ironmaking and Steelmaking 1998, Vol. 25). Such an electromagnetic stripper is also known from EP 0 681 036 B1.

Bei diesen Verfahren werden Induktoren mit elektrischen Spulen oberhalb der Schmelze angeordnet. Sie können aber auch teilweise in die Schmelze eintauchen. Der in den Spulen angelegte Strom erzeugt ein Magnetfeld, das seinerseits einen Strom in der Zinkschmelze induziert. Überschüssiges Metall wird zunächst mit dem Band nach oben ausgetragen und wird im Anschluß daran magnetisch abgestreift. Der so erzeugte Effekt entspricht daher im Prinzip demjenigen der pneumatischen Abstreifer.In these methods, inductors are arranged with electric coils above the melt. But you can also partially immerse in the melt. The current applied in the coils generates a magnetic field, which in turn induces a current in the molten zinc. Excess metal is first discharged with the tape up and is subsequently stripped off magnetically. The effect thus produced corresponds in principle to that of the pneumatic scrapers.

Die bekannten elektromagnetischen Abstreifverfahren benötigen einen sehr hohen Magnetisierungsstrom und haben darüber hinaus insbesondere den Nachteil, daß Schichten im Minimum von 90 g/m2 erzeugt werden können.The known electromagnetic stripping require a very high magnetizing current and also have the particular disadvantage that layers in the minimum of 90 g / m 2 can be produced.

Geringere Schichtdicken können dagegen nicht erreicht werden. Daneben ist es nachteilig, daß zunächst große Mengen der Metallschmelze aus dem Bad herausgeführt und anschließend zu wesentlichen Teilen dem Bad wieder zugeführt werden müssen. Damit geht das Risiko der Verschlackung der Schmelze einher.In contrast, lower layer thicknesses can not be achieved. In addition, it is disadvantageous that initially large quantities of the molten metal must be led out of the bath and then returned to the bath in essential parts. This is accompanied by the risk of slagging the melt.

Aus Patent Abstract of Japan für JP 60 258458 ist es bekannt, einem Schmelzbad über ein separates Leitungssystem Schmelze zu entziehen. Diese Schmelze wird mittels Düsen in einem Winkel an ein aus der Schmelze nach oben abgezogenes Metallband angeströmt und fließt entlang des Metallbands zurück in die Schmelze.From patent Abstract of Japan for JP 60 258458 it is known to extract a molten bath via a separate conduit system melt. This melt is flown by means of nozzles at an angle to a withdrawn from the melt up metal strip and flows along the metal strip back into the melt.

Ferner sind dort Abstreifdüsen vorgesehen, die in herkömmlicher Weise die aufgetragene Metallschicht einstellen. Dieses System ist nachteilig, da die aufzubringende Metallschmelze über lange Wege gefördert werden muß und abzukühlen droht.Furthermore, there are provided wiping nozzles which adjust the applied metal layer in a conventional manner. This system is disadvantageous since the molten metal to be applied has to be conveyed over long distances and threatens to cool down.

Aus Patent Abstract of Japan für JP 111 72400 A sowie GB 1 221 905 und Patent Abstract of Japan für JP 2000 212714 A ist es bekannt, mittels auf drehenden Walzen vorgesehenen Magneten Einfluß auf eine auf das Metallband aufgebrachte Metallschmelze auszuüben, um die aufgebrachte Metallschicht einzustellen.From Patent Abstract of Japan for JP 111 72400 A and GB 1 221 905 and Patent Abstract of Japan for JP 2000 212714 A it is known to exert influence on a metal melt applied to the metal strip by means of magnets provided on rotating rolls in order to adjust the applied metal layer ,

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Abstreifen von Metallschmelzen insbesondere zum Erzeugen dünner Metallschichten bereitzustellen, das die Nachteile des Standes der Technik weitgehend überwindet. Ebenso soll eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens bereitgestellt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for stripping metal melts, in particular for producing thin metal layers, which largely overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. Likewise, an apparatus for carrying out the method is to be provided.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung nach einem der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The object is achieved by a method or a device according to one of the independent claims. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, den bei dem Entnehmen eines Gegenstandes - beispielsweise eines Bandes - einsetzenden abwärts gerichteten Schmelzenstrom in eine der Aufwärtsbewegung entgegengesetzte Richtung zu beschleunigen und den beschleunigten Schmelzenstrom in Form eines sog. Freistrahls zurück gegen das Band zu führen. In der Grenzschicht am Band strömt die Schmelze im Gegenstrom zu dem aufsteigenden Band nach unten. Durch diesen Gegenstrom wird die Grenzschicht, d.h. die Metallschicht auf dem Band verringert.The method according to the invention is based on the idea of accelerating the downwardly directed melt flow starting in the removal of an article, for example a belt, in a direction opposite to the upward movement and guiding the accelerated melt stream back against the belt in the form of a so-called free jet. In the boundary layer on the belt, the melt flows down in countercurrent to the ascending belt. By this countercurrent, the boundary layer, i. reduces the metal layer on the tape.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nutzt demnach die kinetische Energie der Strömung zum Abstreifen überflüssiger Schmelze. Demnach stellt es im Vergleich zu den bekannten Verfahren ein dynamisches Abstreifen dar, während jene statischer sind, da die Grenzschicht nicht angeströmt wird, sondern lediglich Volumenkräfte in die Grenzschicht geprägt werden. Die Beschleunigung des Schmelzenstroms und die nachfolgende Ausnutzung der kinetischen Energie haben dabei den Vorteil, daß sich wesentlich höhere Energiedichten an dem Band erreichen lassen.The inventive method thus uses the kinetic energy of the flow to strip superfluous melt. Accordingly, it represents a dynamic stripping compared to the known methods, while those are more static, since the boundary layer is not flown, but only volume forces are coined in the boundary layer. The acceleration of the melt stream and the subsequent utilization of the kinetic energy have the advantage that it is possible to achieve much higher energy densities on the belt.

Das Erzeugen und die Beschleunigung des Schmelzenstroms (oder auch Volumenstroms) kann magnethydrodynamisch erfolgen (magnethydrodynamische Abstreifer (MHD)). In dieser Ausführungsform werden nicht - wie dies in den bekannten Verfahren üblich ist - ein Magnetfeld und der Strom getrennt eingeprägt, sondern lediglich ein magnetisches Feld eingeprägt . Dieses induziert den Strom in der Schmelze. Vorteilhafterweise handelt es sich um ein magnetisches Drehfeld.The generation and the acceleration of the melt stream (or volume flow) can be done by magneto-hydrodynamic (magneto-hydrodynamic wipers (MHD)). In this embodiment, a magnetic field and the current are not impressed separately, as is customary in the known methods, but only a magnetic field is impressed. This induces the current in the melt. Advantageously, it is a magnetic rotating field.

Das magnethydrodynamische Abstreifen beruht auf folgendem Prinzip:The magneto-hydrodynamic stripping is based on the following principle:

Induktoren können in der Metallschmelze und im Band Spannungen induzieren und damit ein elektrisches Strömungsfeld erzeugen. Dabei kann gemeinsam mit dem resultierenden Magnetfeld ein Kraftfeld in dem Metallbad, in der Metallschicht sowie in dem Band entstehen. Die Kraftrichtung im Bereich zwischen den Induktoren weist dabei im wesentlichen nach unten und ist der Laufrichtung des aufsteigenden Bandes entgegengesetzt.Inductors can induce voltages in the molten metal and in the strip and thus generate an electrical flow field. In this case, together with the resulting magnetic field, a force field in the metal bath, in the metal layer and in the band arise. The direction of force in the region between the inductors has substantially downwards and is opposite to the direction of the rising band.

Das Rückhalten des Metalls kann somit weitgehend unterhalb und oberhalb des Metallbadspiegels erfolgen, wobei der bevorzugte Bereich für das Rückhalten des Metalls in Höhe des Metallbadspiegels liegt. Dabei spielen mehrere Teilvorgänge eine Rolle, wobei unterhalb des Badspiegels ein nach unten gerichtetes umlaufendes Strömungsfeld in der Metallschmelze entstehen kann, welches - im Falle eines engen Querschnittes - eine erhöhte Geschwindigkeit aufweisen kann.The retention of the metal can thus be largely below and above the metal bath level, wherein the preferred range for the retention of the metal is in the amount of the metal bath level. Several sub-processes play a role, whereby below the bath level, a downwardly directed circulating flow field can arise in the molten metal, which - in the case of a narrow cross-section - can have an increased speed.

Für das Abstreifen mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Abstreifers ist es bedeutsam, daß in der Schmelze durch abwärts strömende Metallschmelze am Band nach unten gerichtete Schubspannungen entstehen. Darüber hinaus können in der Schmelze auch abwärts gerichtete Volumenkräfte auf die Metallschmelze in unmittelbarer Bandnähe einwirken. Oberhalb der Schmelze können abwärts gerichtete Volumenkräfte in der am Band haftenden Schmelze das Abstreifen der Metallschmelze unterstützen.For stripping with the aid of the scraper according to the invention, it is significant that downwardly directed shear stresses arise in the melt due to downwardly flowing molten metal. In addition, downward volumetric forces can also act on the molten metal in the immediate vicinity of the strip in the melt. Downstream of the melt, downward volumetric forces in the melt adhering to the strip can assist in stripping the molten metal.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann die Beschleunigung des Schmelzenstroms in einem Strömungsspalt (oder Strömungskanal) erfolgen, der zwischen einem zum Erzeugen, des Drehfelds verwendeten Induktor und einem den Induktor umgebenden Gehäuse liegt. Durch einen Einlaß unterhalb des Metallbadspiegels kann der Schmelzenstrom in den Strömungsspalt eintreten und ihn anschließend mit hoher Umlaufgeschwindigkeit relativ zu der Bandgeschwindigkeit umlaufen, bevor er aus dem Auslaß des Spalts in Höhe des Metallbadspiegels entlassen wird. Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Geschwindigkeit kann der Auslaß in Form einer Spaltdüse gebildet sein. Neben dem Beschleunigungseffekt hat die Verwendung eines Strömungskanals den Vorteil, daß die Schmelze möglichst wenig mit der Umgebungsluft in Kontakt tritt und so unerwünschte Verschlackungen verringert werden. Soll das Abstreifen beispielsweise an einem Band erfolgen, kann diese Anordnung beidseitig des Bandes angebracht sein.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the acceleration of the melt flow can take place in a flow gap (or flow channel) which lies between an inductor used to generate the rotating field and a housing surrounding the inductor. Through an inlet below the metal bath level, the melt stream can enter the flow gap and then circulate it at a high rotational speed relative to the belt speed before being discharged from the outlet of the gap at the metal bath level. To further increase the speed of the outlet may be formed in the form of a slit nozzle. In addition to the acceleration effect, the use of a flow channel has the advantage that the melt comes as little as possible into contact with the ambient air and so unwanted slagging can be reduced. If the stripping, for example, take place on a belt, this arrangement can be mounted on both sides of the belt.

Bei den MHD-Abstreifern werden die Volumenkräfte im Strömungskanal eingeprägt und in Strömungsgeschwindigkeit umgewandelt. Diese wirkt auf die Grenzschicht zwischen Metallschmelze und Gegenstand.In MHD scrapers, the volume forces are impressed in the flow channel and converted into flow velocity. This acts on the boundary layer between the molten metal and the object.

Vorteilhafterweise sollte der Winkel zwischen dem aus dem Strömungsspalt gegen die Schmelze strömenden Freistrahl und dem Band möglichst klein gehalten werden, so daß eine ungewollte Wirbelbildung insbesondere in dem kritischen Raum, d.h. der Raum oberhalb des Auftreffens des Freistrahls auf das Band möglichst vermieden wird. Dieser sog. Anströmwinkel ist vorzugsweise kleiner 20 Grad. Auch die Wahl und Anordnung des Einlasses in den Strömungsspalt hilft, die Strömungswirbel in dem kritischen Raumbereich zu verringern.Advantageously, the angle between the free jet flowing from the flow gap against the melt and the strip should be kept as small as possible, so that an unwanted vortex formation in particular in the critical space, i. the space above the impingement of the free jet on the tape is avoided as far as possible. This so-called angle of attack is preferably less than 20 degrees. The choice and arrangement of the inlet in the flow gap helps to reduce the flow vortex in the critical space area.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt das Abstreifen mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens an der Austrittsstelle des Gegenstandes aus der Metallschmelze. In diesem Fall kann die Vorrichtung zum Abstreifen ganz oder teilweise in die Schmelze eintauchen. Durch die Wahl der Eintauchtiefe der Vorrichtung oder die Veränderung ihres Abstandes zum Gegenstand sowie durch Modifikationen der Stromstärke und der Frequenz am Induktor kann die Schichtdicke der auf dem Gegenstand verbleibenden Metallschicht variiert werden. Des weiteren kann eine Beeinflussung der Schichtdicke durch eine Veränderung des Anströmwinkels des Freistrahls erfolgen.Advantageously, the stripping takes place by means of the method according to the invention at the exit point of the object from the molten metal. In this case, the device for stripping all or partially immerse in the melt. By choosing the immersion depth of the device or the change in their distance from the object and by modifications of the current and the frequency at the inductor, the layer thickness of the metal layer remaining on the object can be varied. Furthermore, the layer thickness can be influenced by a change in the angle of approach of the free jet.

Um den Verschleiß beispielsweise durch die heiße Metallschmelze möglichst gering zu halten, kann das den Induktor umgebende Gehäuse innen und außen keramisch beschichtet werden. Gleiches gilt hinsichtlich der Oberflächenbeschichtung des Induktors. Darüber hinaus kann das Gehäuse ferromagnetisch sein, so daß es für das Drehfeld einen magnetischen Rückschluß bilden kann. Das hat den Vorteil der Verringerung des erforderlichen Magnetisierungsstroms.In order to keep the wear as low as possible, for example by the hot molten metal, the housing surrounding the inductor can be ceramic coated inside and outside. The same applies with regard to the surface coating of the inductor. In addition, the housing may be ferromagnetic, so that it can form a magnetic inference for the rotating field. This has the advantage of reducing the required magnetizing current.

Das Gehäuse kann in der Richtung der Bandbreite mehrere veränderliche Zusatzluftspalte in Form verschiebbarer Segmente aufweisen, durch die sich der magnetische Rückfluß gezielt verändern läßt. Das führt zu einer Beeinflussung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Schmelze an der Ausströmdüse (Auslaß), so daß sich damit die Dicke der Metallschicht über der Breite des Gegenstandes einstellen läßt. Die Schichtdicke an einzelnen Breitenstellen (Schichtdickenquerprofil) kann also über die Stärke des magnetischen Feldes mit Hilfe der Luftspalte eingestellt werden.The housing may have in the direction of the bandwidth a plurality of variable variable air gaps in the form of slidable segments through which the magnetic flux can be selectively changed. This leads to an influence on the flow velocity of the melt at the discharge nozzle (outlet), so that it is possible to adjust the thickness of the metal layer over the width of the object. The layer thickness at individual width locations (layer thickness profile) can thus be adjusted via the strength of the magnetic field with the aid of the air gaps.

Der Induktor weist vorzugsweise eine Breite auf, die größer als die jeweilige Bandbreite ist. Er kann aus einem geblechten Eisenpaket mit Nuten für eine elektrische Wicklung bestehen. Erfindungsgemäß können die Induktoren entweder horizontal oder vertikal positioniert sein. Die Wicklungen der Induktoren sollten dabei derart angeordnet sein, daß ein umlaufendes Magnetfeld (Drehfeld) entsteht. Vorteilhafterweise wird ein Werkstoff mit hoher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit und einer Temperaturfestigkeit über 600 °C verwendet. Der Bandabstand kann wenige Millimeter betragen. Sofern der Induktor aus einem Eisenpaket besteht, kann dieser das sogenannte Joch für den Rückschluß der Metallschmelze darstellen.The inductor preferably has a width that is greater than the respective bandwidth. It can consist of a laminated iron package with slots for an electrical winding. According to the invention, the inductors can be positioned either horizontally or vertically. The windings of the inductors should be arranged so that a rotating magnetic field (rotating field) is formed. Advantageously, a material with high electrical conductivity and a temperature resistance above 600 ° C is used. The band gap can be a few millimeters. If the Inductor consists of an iron package, this can represent the so-called yoke for the inference of the molten metal.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen des näheren erläutert.The invention will be explained with reference to embodiments of the closer illustrated in the figures.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
die Anordnung zweier erfindungsgemäßer Abstreifer an einem Metallband;
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Abstreifer mit Strömungsspalt.
In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
the arrangement of two scrapers according to the invention on a metal strip;
Fig. 2
a cross section through a scraper according to the invention with flow gap.

Die Anordnung 1 der Fig. 1 besteht aus zwei Induktoren 2 und 3, die teilweise in ein Bad 4 aus Zinkschmelze 5 eintauchen. Sie sind in einer Höhe h2 oberhalb des Badspiegels angeordnet.The arrangement 1 of FIG. 1 consists of two inductors 2 and 3, which partially dip into a bath 4 of molten zinc 5. They are arranged at a height h2 above the bath level.

Zwischen den in einem Abstand A zueinander angeordneten Induktoren verläuft ein Metallband 6, das aus der Schmelze nach oben gezogen wird.Between the inductors which are arranged at a distance A from each other runs a metal strip 6, which is pulled upwards out of the melt.

Die Wicklungen der Induktoren sind derart angeordnet, daß ein umlaufendes Magnetfeld 7 (Drehfeld) entsteht, dessen Kraftrichtung der Laufrichtung des aufsteigenden Bandes entgegengesetzt ist.The windings of the inductors are arranged so that a rotating magnetic field 7 (rotating field) is formed, whose direction of force is opposite to the direction of the ascending belt.

Der erfindungsgemäße Abstreifer der Fig. 2 besteht aus einem zylindrischen ferromagnetischen Induktor 10, dessen Oberfläche keramisch beschichtet ist. Er weist eine Mehrphasenwicklung 20 auf, die über seinen gesamten Umfang verteilt ist. Die Wicklung erhält eingeprägte Ströme mit einstellbarer Stromstärke und Frequenz. Die Wicklung erzeugt ein magnetisches Drehfeld.The stripper according to the invention of Fig. 2 consists of a cylindrical ferromagnetic inductor 10, the surface of which is ceramic coated. It has a multi-phase winding 20 which is distributed over its entire circumference. The winding receives impressed currents with adjustable current and frequency. The winding generates a magnetic rotating field.

Der Induktor wird von einem ebenso zylindrischen ferromagnetischen Gehäuse 30 umgeben, das innen und außen keramisch beschichtet ist. Es trägt radial verschiebbare Gehäuse-Segmente 40 zur Einstellung eines Zusatzluftspaltes I.The inductor is formed by a likewise cylindrical ferromagnetic housing 30 surrounded, which is ceramic coated inside and out. It carries radially displaceable housing segments 40 for setting an additional air gap I.

Zwischen Gehäuse und Induktor verläuft ringförmig ein Strömungsspalt 50, durch den flüssige Metallschmelze mit hoher Umlaufgeschwindigkeit relativ zu der Geschwindigkeit VB des Bandes läuft. Die Strömung strömt in dem Bild entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn.Between the housing and inductor extends annularly a flow gap 50 through which liquid molten metal at high circulation speed relative to the speed V B of the band runs. The flow flows in the image counterclockwise.

Der Strömungsspalt ist zum Band hin über einen Auslaß 60 und einen Einlaß 70 geöffnet. Der Einlaß befindet sich unterhalb des Auslasses dicht am Band. Einlaß und Auslaß weisen einen Winkel αE bzw. αA zum Badspiegel 90 auf. Aus dem Auslaß tritt der Freistrahl 110 aus. Er trifft unter dem Anströmwinkel und mit der Ausströmgeschwindigkeit V auf das nach oben sich bewegenden Band 80. Der Anströmwinkel sowie der Einlaß zu dem Strömungsspalt ermöglichen es, den kritischen Raumbereich 100 möglichst frei von Verwirbelungen zu halten.The flow gap is opened to the belt via an outlet 60 and an inlet 70. The inlet is located below the outlet close to the belt. Inlet and outlet have an angle α E and α A to the bathroom mirror 90 on. From the outlet of the free jet 110 exits. It impinges on the upwardly moving belt 80 under the angle of attack and with the outflow velocity V. The angle of attack and the inlet to the flow gap make it possible to keep the critical area 100 as free as possible of swirling.

Die Achse des Induktors weist zum Band einen Abstand A auf. Der Induktor ist mit der Tiefe T in die Schmelze eingetaucht.The axis of the inductor has a distance A to the band. The inductor is immersed in the melt with the depth T.

Claims (18)

  1. Method of wiping molten metal (5) off articles (6, 80) for the purpose of producing metal coatings, having the following steps:
    - dipping of the article (6, 80) into the molten metal (5),
    - upward movement of the article (6, 80) out of the molten metal (5),
    - acceleration, in a direction opposite from the upward movement of the article (6, 80), of a flow of molten metal flowing downwards against the article,
    - directing the accelerated flow of molten metal against the article (6, 80),
    characterised by generation of a rotary magnetic field acting into the molten metal by at least one inductor (1; 2, 3) for accelerating the flow of molten metal, which inductor (1; 2, 3) is at least partly immersed in the molten metal.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the acceleration takes place at or close to the exit point of the article (6, 80) from the molten metal.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the flow of molten metal is guided through a flow gap (50).
  4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the velocity (V) of the flow of molten metal in the flow gap (50) is regulated by means of variable air-gaps (40).
  5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the flow of molten metal leaves the flow gap (50) via a nozzle (60).
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the accelerated molten metal is directed against the article at an angle of incident flow of less than 20°.
  7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the thickness of the metal coating is regulated by varying one of the following parameters: depth of immersion (h2, T) of the inductor (1; 2, 3), distance (A) between the inductor and the article (6, 80), current intensity and/or frequency at the inductor (1; 2, 3).
  8. Apparatus for wiping molten metal (5) off an article (6, 80) by means of at least one inductor (1; 2, 3) which is at least partly immersed in the molten metal (5), characterised in that the inductor has a multi-phase winding for generating a rotary magnetic field (7) which acts into the molten metal.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that the inductor has a ceramic-coated surface.
  10. Apparatus according to either of claims 8 and 9, characterised in that the inductor (1; 2, 3) is formed by a laminated core.
  11. Apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the inductor (1; 2, 3) is surrounded by a housing (30).
  12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterised by a flow passage (50) between the inductor (1; 2, 3) and the housing (30).
  13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterised by an inlet (70) and outlet (60) for the flow passage (50).
  14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterised in that the inlet is at an angle of less than 20° to the surface (90) of the bath of metal and the outlet is at an angle of less than 20° thereto.
  15. Apparatus according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised by housing sectors (40).
  16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterised in that the housing sectors (40) are displaceable radially.
  17. Use of an apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 16 for wiping molten metal off an elongated body (6)
  18. Use of an apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 16 for wiping molten zinc off a strip of metal (6, 80).
EP01128698A 2000-12-12 2001-12-01 Scraper for hot dip coating method Expired - Lifetime EP1215300B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10061869 2000-12-12
DE10061869 2000-12-12
DE10128710A DE10128710A1 (en) 2000-12-12 2001-06-13 Skimming molten metal from objects comprises immersing the object into a molten metal, moving the object upward from the melt, accelerating a melt stream onto the object, and blasting the melt stream against the object
DE10128710 2001-06-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1215300A2 EP1215300A2 (en) 2002-06-19
EP1215300A3 EP1215300A3 (en) 2003-10-08
EP1215300B1 true EP1215300B1 (en) 2006-05-10

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AT (1) ATE325904T1 (en)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5194612B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2013-05-08 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Manufacturing apparatus for molten metal plated steel strip and method for manufacturing molten metal plated steel strip
JP5194613B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2013-05-08 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Manufacturing apparatus for molten metal plated steel strip and method for manufacturing molten metal plated steel strip

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2364904A (en) * 1940-11-13 1944-12-12 Wean Engineering Co Inc Method for tinning strip
US2377632A (en) * 1942-09-16 1945-06-05 Wean Engineering Co Inc Method and apparatus for coating strip
JPS5534610A (en) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-11 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Continuous hot dipping apparatus
US4287238A (en) * 1980-04-11 1981-09-01 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Protective atmosphere gas wiping apparatus and method of using
JPS60258458A (en) * 1984-06-06 1985-12-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Hot dipping apparatus
JPH02243751A (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-27 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Wiping method for continuous hot dipping
JP2836976B2 (en) * 1991-02-05 1998-12-14 三菱重工業株式会社 Hot-dip metal plating equipment
JP2837037B2 (en) * 1992-08-04 1998-12-14 三菱重工業株式会社 Hot-dip metal plating equipment
JP2837059B2 (en) * 1993-04-22 1998-12-14 三菱重工業株式会社 Hot-dip metal plating equipment
JP2643096B2 (en) * 1994-11-14 1997-08-20 三菱重工業株式会社 Hot-dip metal plating equipment
JP3738547B2 (en) * 1997-11-27 2006-01-25 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Floating pot for floating plating equipment

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DE50109747D1 (en) 2006-06-14
ATE325904T1 (en) 2006-06-15
EP1215300A2 (en) 2002-06-19

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