EP1210842A1 - Procede et appareil d'etablissement d'appel ameliore dans un reseau multimedia a commutation de paquets - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'etablissement d'appel ameliore dans un reseau multimedia a commutation de paquets

Info

Publication number
EP1210842A1
EP1210842A1 EP00957605A EP00957605A EP1210842A1 EP 1210842 A1 EP1210842 A1 EP 1210842A1 EP 00957605 A EP00957605 A EP 00957605A EP 00957605 A EP00957605 A EP 00957605A EP 1210842 A1 EP1210842 A1 EP 1210842A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
media gateway
available
bearer path
mgc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00957605A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Shwu-Yan Chang Scoggins
Charles Michael Brown
David John Jarzemsky
Stanley Wayne Joyner
Kathleen Kelley Schellenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nortel Networks Ltd
Original Assignee
Nortel Networks Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nortel Networks Ltd filed Critical Nortel Networks Ltd
Publication of EP1210842A1 publication Critical patent/EP1210842A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
    • H04Q11/0435—Details
    • H04Q11/0457—Connection protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
    • H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
    • H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
    • H04L2012/5629—Admission control
    • H04L2012/563—Signalling, e.g. protocols, reference model
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
    • H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
    • H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13091—CLI, identification of calling line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13093—Personal computer, PC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13096—Digital apparatus individually associated with a subscriber line, digital line circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13176—Common channel signaling, CCS7
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13196—Connection circuit/link/trunk/junction, bridge, router, gateway
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13209—ISDN
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1329—Asynchronous transfer mode, ATM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13292—Time division multiplexing, TDM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13299—Bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13384—Inter-PBX traffic, PBX networks, e.g. corporate networks

Definitions

  • This invention is related to multimedia packet networks. Specifically,
  • this invention relates to a mechanism to allow such a packet network to
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • TDM transmission-to-live
  • ISDN Integrated services digital network
  • This data network has evolved. This data network has largely been used for
  • packet networks and further that such packet networks be able to seamlessly integrate with traditional circuit switched networks, as the two types of
  • networks may carry different call legs of the same call.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a typical TDM, PSTN call. Caller 101 places a call
  • trunk bearer channel to toll office 103, then to end office B, 105, and finally
  • Such calls may pass through multiple toll offices, or may be
  • ISUP ISDN user part
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a call which is similar to the TDM call of FIG. 1 ;
  • switch offices 202 and 204, in this case
  • ISUP+ or SIP+ provides signaling in this case.
  • ISUP+ is essentially the
  • ISUP+ signals contain extra fields for packet or
  • the network of FIG. 2 has been conceptualized for some time, and
  • sion is referred to as circuit emulation services (CES) in an ATM network.
  • CES circuit emulation services
  • the device that provides this conversion is called a media gateway (MG).
  • MG media gateway
  • a media gateway handles each end of the bearer
  • the media gateway terminates
  • the media gateway and the network it serves may be
  • the media gateway is capable of full duplex media translations.
  • Each media gateway is associated with a media gateway controller
  • the media gateway is "dumb" in that it does not have call process ⁇
  • the call processing capabilities for the network reside in the
  • An MGC provides the signaling for call control and controls the call
  • SDP bearer channel termination
  • a packet switched network used for transport of audio and video
  • ATM asynchronous transfer mode
  • UNI user network interface
  • PNNI network interface
  • each node in the network handles many cells that are
  • the present invention solves the above described problem by pro ⁇
  • the invention can be used exclusively to control call setup.
  • ward refers to a process where the terminating end sets up the connection.
  • a signal is a request from the MGC to
  • the media gateway to apply some process to network terminations.
  • the signals can be in-band signals, such as
  • An event is a notification sent from the media gate ⁇
  • the invention is implemented with new events and signals to be
  • the signals and events can be mapped to any underlying network such as
  • a media gateway receives a command
  • connection available is both a signal and an event.
  • the command from the MGC triggers the media gateway to send
  • gateway then initializes the connection with the far-end media gateway. If
  • this initialization step involves setup
  • initialization step simply involves identifying the connection and correlating it
  • connection not available If the connection cannot be established, a "connection not available"
  • cont is both a signal and an event.
  • the MGC can also send cont to the media gateway to disconnect or release
  • the media gateway in this case can respond with the connection
  • the media gateway will notify the MGC when the
  • connection is disconnected at any time during the call, even if the discon ⁇
  • media gateways sending a continuity check message to the other media
  • the media gateway receiving the continuity check then responds
  • the invention is implemented by software in combination with the
  • the media can be magnetic such as diskette, tape or fixed disk, or
  • the software can be supplied via a
  • a media gateway is essentially a switching system containing
  • the network interfaces are implemented by adapters which are
  • Input/output modules or adapters allow software to be loaded and
  • a computing module includes various maintenance functions to be performed.
  • the media gateway controller can also be a switching system, but
  • PCI personal computer interconnect
  • implements the invention includes a plurality of input/output devices and
  • a system unit includes
  • the invention operates in a network in which media gateways act as
  • Each media gateway is controlled by and connected to a media
  • An MGC uses the previously mentioned Megaco/H.248
  • FIG. 1 conceptually illustrates a prior-art telephone connection
  • FIG. 2 conceptually illustrates a telephone connection similar to that
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of one network in which the present inven-
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a different network in which the present
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an example message flow diagram that illustrates an exam ⁇
  • FIG. 8 is another example message flow diagram that illustrates an
  • FIG. 9 is another example message flow diagram that illustrates how
  • FIG. 10 is another example message flow diagram that illustrates the
  • FIG. 11 is another example message flow diagram that illustrates the
  • FIG. 12 is another example message flow diagram that illustrates the
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a media gateway that implements the
  • FIG. 14 is drawing of one implementation of a media gateway con-
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of a media which stores software that
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one architecture in which the present invention can
  • telephone 304 is where a call originates.
  • Telephone 303 is where a call terminates.
  • Telephones 303 and 304 are
  • Media gateway A, 310 is the originating media gateway and media
  • gateway B, 309 is the terminating media gateway.
  • FIG. 3 convert voice to ATM. We therefore refer to this network architecture
  • VTOA voice and telephony over ATM
  • IP Internet protocol
  • gateway controller A controls media gateway A.
  • Media gateway controller A controls media gateway A.
  • controller B controls media gateway B.
  • media gateway B controls media gateway B.
  • Media gateway A includes
  • Media gateway B includes
  • Packet network 311 serves as
  • This network and the endpoints to which it is connected can be frame relay, ATM, IP, or some combination thereof
  • sion refers to an ATM network.
  • controllers and media gateways are controllers and media gateways.
  • Either a media gateway or a media gateway controller can generate
  • EECID end-to-end call identifier
  • the EECID is used to identify a call leg uniquely across the ATM
  • the EECID allows the MGC's, the media gateways, and any nodes in
  • controller A, 301 controls media gateway A, 310, using the Megaco/H.248
  • media gateway controller B, 302 controls media gateway B, 309, using the
  • the media gateway or media gateway are same Megaco/H.248 protocol.
  • the media gateway or media gateway are same Megaco/H.248 protocol.
  • controller at either end can generate the EECID, regardless of which end is
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a slightly different architecture in which the invention
  • media gateway controller A controls
  • media gateway A, 415 using the Megaco/H.248 protocol and media gate- way controller B, 402, controls media gateway B, 414, using the
  • 403 is the originating telephone and 404
  • ATM network 411 serves as the transport
  • the network can generate an EECID to identify calls being handled by the network.
  • DSL digital subscriber loop
  • each media gateway includes
  • a splitter 405 in the case of media gateway 415 and 410 in the case of
  • splitters 405 and 410 split the voice from the data.
  • nal 413 is completed through splitter 410 to ATM termination 409 in the case
  • model for the protocol describes logical entities, or objects, within the media gateway that can be controlled by the media gateway controller.
  • a termination relies on extractions, primarily terminations and contexts.
  • a context is an associa ⁇
  • a termination may be moved from one context to another with a
  • non-packet termination can exist outside of a context.
  • Property values can be
  • EECID end-to-end call identifier
  • the EECID is associated with a call or a path, we mean that all of the nodes
  • the EECID can be carried across the network in various ways. Details of
  • EECID in the Megaco/H.248 protocol as
  • EECID in the Megaco/H.248 protocol as part of a
  • SDP session descriptor protocol
  • gateways on the ends of the ATM networks form the ends of the bearer
  • the network prefix is a fixed, required part of the
  • the EECID could be placed in the ATM user part.
  • ATM network routing only uses the first thirteen-byte network prefix of the
  • EECID Another possible place for the EECID is the ATM subad-
  • the subaddressing field usually only has local significance and
  • GIT IE port/information element
  • the EECID must also be included in ISUP+ messages, if ISUP+ is
  • FIG. 8 shows an ISUP+
  • Field 801 contains the ISUP information and 802 contains the
  • ISUP+ information which is essentially directed towards packet based
  • the networks and includes an application transport mechanism field.
  • EECID is preferably included in the transport mechanism field.
  • EECID is carried as a term in the session description protocol (SDP).
  • SDP session description protocol
  • the EECID before it can be associated with a call leg.
  • the EECID can be any
  • the EECID has implications for the call flow.
  • the value can be any value.
  • the value of the EECID is not dependent on the underlying
  • the device that is determining the EECID generate a random number. It is
  • a possible value to use for the EECID is a session-ID or call-ID.
  • session-ID is a random number passed from the MGC to the media gate ⁇
  • the media gateway can then pass the session-ID to the far end media
  • the session-ID can
  • the call-ID is able to be used if the media gateway is to generate the EECID.
  • BNC-ID the ATM sup- ported backward network connection identifier
  • the media gateway four bytes long and is generated by the media gateway.
  • the BNC-ID is included in the setup command between media gate ⁇
  • connection not available (cont)
  • the EECID is an optional parameter for the coav and cont events, hence it is denoted with the letter O. If a media
  • the media gateway fails to release a packet network path, the media gateway sends a
  • R specifies that each symbol is part of an event report.
  • BR indicates a brief
  • TO indicates a timeout tone that stops after the amount of time speci ⁇
  • coav signal is sent only to the ATM termination, which is responsible for the
  • gateway manifests the coav signal for an ATM network.
  • the coav or the "of event is sent from the media gateway to the MGC upon
  • the continuity check and response can be used automatically by the user
  • This command is used when a command is received but pending for com-
  • the media gateway can respond to the MGC with a
  • the add command implies setting up the bearer
  • the EECID is present in either the stream descriptor or the termina ⁇
  • the media gateway must use the
  • gateway will keep a record of all requests received from other media gate ⁇
  • media gateway will determine if a bearer path setup request with the speci ⁇
  • the media gateway will respond to the media
  • gateway controller with a transaction pending response.
  • the media gateway will respond to the MGC with a
  • the MGC has to
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the overall method of the invention.
  • the confirmation takes the form of an imme ⁇
  • the bearer connection can be initialized either by the media gateway
  • gateway simply identifying an existing bearer connection, which has been
  • the media gateway waits until the bearer path is completely established at
  • the MGC will typically notify
  • This continuity check consists of a
  • the media gateway responds with a transaction pending message at 602,
  • the media gateway again initializes the bearer path.
  • connection we have a forward setup. If the originating end of the network is
  • the TDM termination is a logical representation of a
  • TDM line and an ATM termination is a logical representation of an ATM
  • the invention is not limited to use of an ATM network for the bearer connec ⁇
  • MGC A responds with an add command.
  • gateway A replies with a transaction reply.
  • gateway controllers negotiate connection parameters.
  • MGC A Mobility Management Entity
  • MGC B sends a pipe connect request to MGC B.
  • MGC B sends
  • media gateway B immediately responds
  • the transaction reply signal is in
  • gateway B chooses an EECID at 702 and sends the EECID back to MGC B
  • MGC B passes the EECID to MGC A at 707.
  • MGC A sends
  • gateway A immediately replies to MGC A with a transaction reply at 717.
  • the UNI setup message is sent from media gateway A through the ATM
  • Media gateway B uses the EECID to associate the call and the bearer path.
  • MGC B notifies media gateway B at 706.
  • media gateway B After receiving a UNI connect message from media gateway B, media
  • gateway A notifies MGC A that the coav event has occurred at 708.
  • the MGC B cannot add the ATM termination until the UNI
  • MGC B is notified by MGC A
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the signal flows for explicit backward setup.
  • 801 the signal flows for explicit backward setup.
  • MGC A chooses the EECID and passes it to media gateway A. There is an
  • MGC A passes the EECID to MGC B.
  • media gateway A sends a
  • MGC B sends an add command to MG B. This command asks for a
  • media gateway B sends
  • media gateway B responds at 805 with a coav
  • the continuity check signal is applied by media gateway A since the
  • media gateway B applies the continuity check
  • gateway B notifies its media gateway controller that the continuity check
  • media gateway A notifies its media gateway controller that the coav and the continuity check return events have both
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the message flows for implicit backward setup.
  • the EECID is assigned by the media gateway.
  • media gateway assigns the EECID by the media gateway.
  • gateway A chooses the EECID and sends a transaction pending response
  • media gateway A sends a transaction reply to the
  • FIG. 10 also illustrates an implicit forward setup.
  • gateway controller creates the EECID. Also, the col and co2 continuity
  • media gateway controller A sent from media gateway controller A to media gateway A.
  • media gateway controller A sent from media gateway controller A to media gateway A.
  • gateway A responds to its MGC with a transaction pending command.
  • media gateway A still uses the EECID for establishing the connection
  • Figures 1 1 and 12 illustrate what happens when a failure occurs.
  • FIG. 11 at 1101 , MG B can't accept the UNI setup due to an error. Any number of things could cause the error. One possibility is that there is no
  • MG B reports failure (of) to MGC B.
  • MG A times out or
  • MGC a and MGC B exchange messages to
  • 1106 can come from either MGC A or MGC B.
  • the EECID is created and sent from MG A to MGC A at
  • MG A sends the UNI setup message at 1202, but it is rejected at
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a conceptual, functional block diagram of a switch ⁇
  • Computing module 1301 includes a central processing unit 1301 .
  • This computing module includes
  • TDM switching fabric 1302 is for switching
  • I/O Input output
  • module 1304 is also connected to the processor of computing module 1301
  • TDM network access module 1303 serves
  • TDM network interface as a TDM network interface and is connected to TDM switching fabric 1302,
  • tion system 1305 provides circuit emulation services, converting TDM voice
  • Packet switching fabric 1306 sends and
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a workstation, which can be used to implement a
  • keyboard 1402 mouse 1403 and display 1404 are used to control
  • System unit 1401 is connected to all devices and contains
  • CPU central processing unit
  • This media can be a diskette, hard disk, CD-ROM, or tape.
  • the media can also be a memory storage device or collection of memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • mem ⁇ random access mem ⁇
  • FIG. 15 illustrates
  • FIG. 15 shows a diskette of the type where
  • EECID end-to-end call identifier

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil pour l'établissement d'appel amélioré dans un réseau multimédia à commutation de paquets. Des événements et des signaux optionnels sont ajoutés au protocole utilisé par un contrôleur de passerelle de média (MGC) (301, 302, 401, 402) conçu pour contrôler une passerelle de média (309, 310, 414, 415). Ces événements et signaux permettent le contrôle de l'établissement d'appel par un MGC sans attente active de l'établissement d'appel, ce qui empêche la surcharge impliquée dans le traitement d'un état d'attente. Les procédé et appareil de l'invention peuvent être utilisés pour le contrôle du traitement d'appel exclusivement, ou conjointement avec les messages d'attente de transaction.
EP00957605A 1999-08-23 2000-08-21 Procede et appareil d'etablissement d'appel ameliore dans un reseau multimedia a commutation de paquets Withdrawn EP1210842A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15027199P 1999-08-23 1999-08-23
US150271P 1999-08-23
US61850700A 2000-07-18 2000-07-18
US618507 2000-07-18
PCT/US2000/022853 WO2001015486A1 (fr) 1999-08-23 2000-08-21 Procede et appareil d'etablissement d'appel ameliore dans un reseau multimedia a commutation de paquets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1210842A1 true EP1210842A1 (fr) 2002-06-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00957605A Withdrawn EP1210842A1 (fr) 1999-08-23 2000-08-21 Procede et appareil d'etablissement d'appel ameliore dans un reseau multimedia a commutation de paquets

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1210842A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6919900A (fr)
CA (1) CA2383345A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001015486A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1382179A1 (fr) * 2001-04-27 2004-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede de synchronisation de signalisation d'appel et de reglage de circuit telephonique sur un reseau a systeme vocal sur l'internet
KR100480763B1 (ko) * 2002-10-07 2005-04-07 엘지전자 주식회사 아날로그 시험 가입자의 오프훅 이벤트 처리 방법
DE10338055A1 (de) * 2003-08-19 2005-03-17 Siemens Ag Abbau von Verbindungen in Kommunikationsnetzen
CN1323536C (zh) * 2003-11-14 2007-06-27 中兴通讯股份有限公司 H.248协议中异常数据区的处理方法
DE102004043960B3 (de) * 2004-09-11 2006-05-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Testen von Nutzkanälen in einem Telekommunikationsnetzwerk
JP4940296B2 (ja) 2006-04-25 2012-05-30 エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド ハイブリッド自動再転送要求動作で資源を用いてデータを転送する方法
WO2008046245A1 (fr) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-24 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procédé et système de configuration d'une session multimédia dans des systèmes multimédia interconnectés

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US5682325A (en) * 1994-09-12 1997-10-28 Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. Level 1 gateway for video tone networks

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See references of WO0115486A1 *

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Publication number Publication date
AU6919900A (en) 2001-03-19
WO2001015486A1 (fr) 2001-03-01
CA2383345A1 (fr) 2001-03-01

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