Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/0208—Tissues; Wipes; Patches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair

Definitions

• the present invention relates to disposable, personal care articles useful for cleansing and/or therapeutically treating the skin, hair and any other sites in need of such treatment
• These articles comprise a water insoluble substrate comprising a soft first layer which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of less than about 17% and an exfoliating second layer which is disposed adjacent to said first layer, wherein said second layer exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of from about 17% to about 70%, and either a cleansing component which comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a lathering surfactant or a therapeutic benefit component that comp ⁇ ses from about 10% to about 1000%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a therapeutic benefit agent or both
• the articles comprise a water insoluble substrate comprising a soft first layer which exhibits an Average Profilometer Depth Value of less than about 8 and a second layer which is disposed adjacent to said first layer, wherein said second layer exhibits an Average Profilometer Depth Value of from about 8 to about 80,
• the invention also encompasses methods for cleansing and/or conditioning the skin and hair using the articles of the present invention
• Personal care products particularly cleansing and conditioning products
• these products have attempted to satisfy a number of criteria to be acceptable to consumers
• criteria include cleansing effectiveness, skin feel, mildness to skin, hair, and ocular mucosae, and lather volume
• Ideal personal cleansers should gently cleanse the skin or hair, cause little or no lmtation, and should not leave the skin or hair with a heavy buildup or overly dry when used frequently
• Disposable products are convenient because they obviate the need to carry or store cumbersome bottles, bars, jars, tubes, and other forms of clutter including cleansing products and other products capable of providing therapeutic or aesthetic benefits
• Disposable products are also a more sanitary alternative to the use of a sponge, washcloth, or other cleansing implement intended for extensive reuse, because such implements can develop bacterial growth, unpleasant odors, and other
• the articles of the present invention are suitable for personal care applications, they may also be useful in a variety of other industries such as the automotive care, marine vehicle care, household care, animal care, etc where surfaces or areas are in need of cleansing and/or application of a benefit agent, e g , wax, conditioner, UV protectant, etc
• a benefit agent e g , wax, conditioner, UV protectant, etc
• the articles are suitable for personal care applications and are useful for cleansing the skin, hair, and similar keratinous surfaces in need of cleansing Consumers use these articles by wetting them with water and rubbing them on the area to be cleansed
• the article consists of a water insoluble substrate having a soft first layer which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of less than about 17% and an exfoliating second layer, which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of from about 17% to about 70% and either a lathe ⁇ ng surfactant containing cleansing component or a therapeutic benefit component that comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a therapeutic benefit agent or both
• the substrate having at least two textures enhances lathe ⁇ ng which in turn increases cleansing and exfoliation, and optimizes delivery and deposition of a therapeutic or aesthetic benefit agent which might be contained within the article
• the multi-texturedness of the present articles allows for appeal to a wider variety of users who exhibit a
• the present invention relates to a substantially dry, disposable personal care article suitable for cleansing, said article comprising a) a water insoluble substrate comprising
• the present relates to a substantially dry, disposable personal care article suitable for cleansing, said article comprising a) a water insoluble substrate comprising
• the present invention also relates to a method of cleansing and/or therapeutically treating the skin and hair which comprises the steps of a) wetting such articles with water and b) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted articles
• All percentages and ratios used herein, unless otherwise indicated, are by weight and all measurements made are at 25 °C, unless otherwise designated
• the invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, the essential as well as optional ingredients and components described therein
• dispenser is used in its ordinary sense to mean an article that is disposed or discarded after a limited number of usage events, preferably less than 25, more preferably less than about 10, and most preferably less than about 2 entire usage events
• substantially dry means that the articles of the present invention exhibit a Moisture Retention of less than about 0 95 gms, preferably less than about 0 75 gms, even more preferably, less than about 0 5 gms, even more preferably less than about 0 25 gms, even still more preferably less than about 0 15 gms, and most preferably, less than about 0 1 gms The determination of the Moisture Retention is discussed later
• the personal care articles of the present invention comprise the following essential components WATER INSOLUBLE SUBSTRATE
• the articles of the present invention comprise a water insoluble substrate which further comprises at least two layers
• the substrate layers are of different textures with the first layer being softer to the skin of the consumer when used than the second more exfoliating layer
• Both layers are, however, preferably invigorating and non-scouring to the skin
• non-scou ⁇ ng means that the layers exhibit an Abrasive Value of greater than about 15, preferably greater than about 30, more preferably greater than about 50, even more preferably greater than about 70, and most preferably greater than about 80 as determined by the Abrasiveness Value Methodology described below
• each layer is each defined as having both an interior and exterior surface
• the interior surfaces of the layers are those which face the inside or innermost portion of the article of the present invention whereas the exterior surfaces of the layers are those which face the outside or outermost portion of the article
• the orientation of the articles of the present invention may be defined such that either layer is closer to the side of the article suitable for gripping (l e , the gripping side
• the water insoluble substrate of the present invention further comp ⁇ ses a first layer which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of less than about 17% and an exfoliating second and a second layer which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of from about 17% to about 70%
• the water insoluble substrate may also be characterized as having a soft first layer which exhibits a Average Profilometer Depth Value of less than about 8 and an exfoliating second layer which exhibits an Average Profilometer Depth Value of from about 8 to about 80
• this first layer is preferably lofty and fluid-permeable
• "lofty" means that the layer has density of from about 0 00005 g/cm 3 to about 0 1 g/cm 3 , preferably from about 0 001 g/cm 3 to about 0 09 g/cm 3 and a thickness of from about 0 04 inches to about 2 inches at 5 gms/in 2 Both layers are useful for engaging or retaining the cleansing component within the article Furthermore, the first and second layers
• the first layer is intended to be softer while the second layer is intended to exhibit more exfoliating properties. Therefore, the first layer may be preferred by users with more sensitive skin whereas the second layer (or side) may be prefe ⁇ ed by users whose skin has a tendency to be rougher and is not as sensitive to rubbing.
• the amount of scratches per square area of scratched area left by the layers of the water insoluble substrate of the present invention is represented by the Total Scratch Coverage Value which is determined using the methodology below.
• the Average Profilometer Depth Value measures the average depth of the scratches on a scratched surface left by the layers of the water insoluble substrate. This value is determined using the methodology detailed below
• the method involves rubbing the substrate along a test surface using a mechanical device and then examining the resulting scratch marks produced on the test surface using different analysis techniques.
• the first layer of the water insoluble substrate exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of less than about 17%, preferably less than about 15%, more preferably less than about 12%, and most preferably less than about 9%.
• the first layer also exhibits an Average Profilometer Depth Value of less than about 8, preferably less than about 7.75, more preferably less than about 7.5, and most preferably less than about 7.
• the second layer of the water insoluble substrate of the present invention exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of from about 17% to about 70%, preferably from about 17% to about 27%, more preferably from about 17% to about 25%, and most preferably from about 17% to about 23%.
• the second layer also exhibits an Average Profilometer Depth Value of from about 8 to about 80, preferably from about 8 to about 50, more preferably from about 8 about 40, even more preferably from about 8 to about 25, and most preferably from about 8 to about 15.
• the difference in the Total Scratch Coverage Values exhibited by the first and second layers is preferably from about 8 to about 37, more preferably from about 8 to about 27, even more preferably from about 8 to about 25, and most preferably from about 8 to about 21.
• the difference in the Average Profilometer Depth Values exhibited by the first and second layers is preferably from about 2 to about 20, more preferably from about 2 to about 15, even more preferably from about 2 to about 12, and most preferably from about 2 to about 8.
• Transparent Perspex strips 11x8cm e.g., ICI Acrylic
• Capped Polystyrene strips 11x8cm Clear general purpose polystyrene layer on white High Impact Polystyrene eg EMA Model Supplies SS-20201L (for Average Profilometer Depth Value determination).
• the perspex strips are analyzed using the following equipment. 1. Lightbox 'Landsco' low-angled ghtbox (UK supplier: Printing & Packaging Machinery Agency) 2 Hitachi KP-M1 Black and White CCD Camera
• Figure 1 illustrates the manner in which the equipment m set up for analysis of the strips
• the parallel light is directed at a flat angle onto the face of the sample, which is angled at 60° from the horizontal.
• a CCD camera is angled at 30° to view the sample face.
• These angles result in light from an unblemished sample surface being reflected away from the camera, giving a 'dark' image, while a scratch will cause some light to be reflected in the camera direction, resulting in a 'bright' image
• the scratch face which is seen is therefore the face which happens to be orientated at a particular angle to the camera relative to the light
• Variations in the angles between the light, sample and camera will therefore cause variations in the exact appearance of the sample.
• a fixed, robust lightbox is used as a reliable, repeatable image source (as opposed to a flexible fiber-optic light-guide), and the sample mount is made of rigid material
• the viewing conditions have been set as follows • image resolution 15 microns per point • field of view 7 68 x 7 68 mm
• the image from the camera is digitized to 256 levels of gray by a framestore, giving an image matrix of 512x512 pixels
• the Total Scratch Coverage Value is calculated by measuring the total scratch area detected by the CCD camera, expressed as a percentage of the viewing area It is calculated from the scratch images using the following procedures First, calibration involves viewing a blank sample This is used as a base reference of unscratched material The blank reference results in 20-25 lux light intensity as measured at the camera lens (approximately 85 mm from the sample) A white reflectivity card is viewed, which has a known reflectivity of approximately 90% This is used as a white reference The white reference results in a light intensity of 80-85 lux intensity as measured at the camera lens (approximately 85 mm from the sample) An additional neutral density filter (0 2 OD) may be necessary in front of the camera to ensure the white level is within the camera's brightness range
• each image is then re-scaled by the dark/ white references, to a gray-level range of 0-255, such that the dark reference mean value is mapped to 0, the white reference mean value is mapped to 255
• the polystyrene strips are analyzed This analysis involves taping the scratched polystyrene strip (with scratched side upwards) onto the Profilometer with its center over cell 1,1 Ensure the plate is flat Set the scan parameters to the following parameters and then start the scan Start Position 002.0mm x 003.0mm Step 0.010mm x 0.010mm
• Steps 1000 x lOOO ⁇ m x-y resolution lO ⁇ m Allow the Proscan software to calculate and record the Roughness values Ra, Rz and Rmax where
• Rz For each profile the evaluation length is split into five equal sections and a value for the sum of the largest profile peak height and largest profile valley depth within each section calculated. Rz is the average of these five values.
• R max Sum of the height of the largest profile peak height and the largest profile valley depth within the evaluation length.
• NB Scan of 1cm by 1cm uses 1000 profiles. The Ra, Rz and Rmax values for each profiles are averaged to give the result.
• Rz represents the Average Profilometer Depth Value of the substrate tested. Abrasiveness Value Methodology
• the Abrasiveness Value indicates the "non-scouring" property of the first and second layers of the present articles.
• the layers of the present invention are mildly exfoliating but are not rough to the skin. Therefore, the Abrasiveness Value determination involves rubbing the substrate along a test surface using a mechanical device and then examining the resulting scratch marks produced on the test surface using different analysis techniques.
• the strips are analyzed
• the strips are placed on a black construction paper background and at least 5 samples of the same substrate are analyzed to get a reproducible average.
• the Glossmeter is placed orthogonally (such that light beam is at right angles to scratches) and centrally over the scratched side of the polystyrene strip. A 20° angle is selected and the sample is measured yielding the Abrasiveness Value. As the Abrasiveness Value decreases the scratchmess or scouring property of a substrate increases
• Materials suitable for the first and second layers are selected from the group consisting of cellulosic nonwovens, non-lofty nonwovens, sponges (i.e., both natural and synthetic), formed films, battings, and combinations thereof.
• the layers comprise materials selected from the group consisting of cellulosic nonwovens, non-lofty nonwovens, formed films, battings, foams, sponges, reticulated foams, vacuum-formed laminates, scrims, polymeric nets, and combinations thereof.
• the nonwoven layer comprises materials selected from the group consisting of cellulosic nonwovens, non-lofty nonwovens, formed films, battings, and combinations thereof.
• nonwoven means that the layer does not comp ⁇ se fibers which are woven into a fabric but the layer need not comprise fibers at all, e.g., formed films, sponges, foams, scrims, etc
• the fibers can either be random (i.e., randomly aligned) or they can be carded (i.e., combed to be oriented in primarily one direction).
• the layers can be a composite material composed of a combination of additional layers, i.e., plies, of random and carded fibers.
• a polymeric net is arranged with the first layer, e.g., through lamination via heat or chemical means such as adhesives, through hydroentanglement, etc.. This arrangement enhances the integrity of the first layer as well as the overall article thereby increasing the substantivity of the article.
• Polymeric nets (referred to herein as a "scrim" materials) which are useful herein are described in detail in U.S Patent No. 4,636,419, which is incorporated by reference herein.
• the scrim materials can be formed directly at the extrusion die or can be derived from extruded films by fibrillation or by embossing, followed by stretching and splitting
• the scrim can be derived from a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, copolymers thereof, poly(butylene terephthalate), polyethylene terephthalate, Nylon 6, Nylon 66, and the like. Scrim materials are available from various commercial sources.
• a preferred scrim material useful in the present invention is a polypropylene scrim, available from Conwed Plastics (Minneapolis, MN).
• Another preferred scrim material is a polyethylene scrim, particularly a low density polyethylene, which is also available from Conwed.
• Applicants have also discovered that the incorporation of the scrim material into the first layer, followed by heating, provides macroscopic three-dimensional character to the sheet.
• This macroscopic three-dimensionality has been found to greatly enhance cleansing performance of the article, even where the basis weight of the sheet is essentially uniform.
• macroscopic three-dimensionality is achieved when the scrim/fiber composite is subjected to heating, then cooling. This process results in shrinkage (in the X-Y dimension) of the scrim and, as a result of its being attached with the fibers, provides a sheet with greater three-dimensionality
• the term "X-Y dimension" refers to the plane orthogonal to the thickness of the layer, ply, or article, or a component thereof.
• the X and Y dimensions usually correspond to the length and width, respectively, of the sheet or a sheet component.
• Z-dimension refers to the dimension orthogonal to the length and width of the cleaning sheet of the present invention, or a component thereof
• the Z-dimension usually co ⁇ esponds to the thickness of the sheet
• the degree of added three-dimensionality is controlled by the level of shrinking of (e.g., by heating) the sc ⁇ m/cleaning combination.
• a scrim is particularly beneficial when the fiber aspect of the structure is a nonwoven, particularly when the structure is hydroentangled Further detail of suitable scrim material containing nonwovens may be found in copending U.S Application Serial Nos 09/082,396 and 09/082,349, both filed on May 20, 1998, by Fereshtehkho et al., which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety.
• the first and second layers may comprise a variety of both natural and synthetic fibers or materials
• natural means that the materials are derived from plants, animals, insects or byproducts of plants, animals, and insects.
• the conventional base starting material is usually a fibrous web comprising any of the common synthetic or natural textile-length fibers, or combinations thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of natural materials useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, silk fibers, keratin fibers and cellulosic fibers
• Nonlimiting examples of keratin fibers include those selected from the group consisting of wool fibers, camel hair fibers, and the like
• Nonlimiting examples of cellulosic fibers include those selected from the group consisting of wood pulp fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers, flax fibers, and combinations thereof Cellulosic fiber materials are prefe ⁇ ed in the present invention.
• Nonlimiting examples of synthetic materials useful in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of acetate fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose ester fibers, modacryhc fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, rayon fibers, polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, and combinations thereof
• suitable synthetic materials include acrylics such as acrilan, creslan, and the acrylonit ⁇ le-based fiber, orlon, cellulose ester fibers such as cellulose acetate, arnel, and accelerator; polyamides such as nylons (e g., nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, and the like); polyesters such as fortrel, kodel, and the polyethylene terephthalate fiber, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, dacron; polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyethylene; polyvinyl acetate fibers; polyurethane foams and combinations thereof
• Prefe ⁇ ed polyolefin fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polypentene, and combinations and copolymers thereof. More prefe ⁇ ed polyolefin fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and combinations and copolymers thereof.
• Prefe ⁇ ed polyester fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate, and combinations and copolymers thereof More prefe ⁇ ed polyester fibers are fibers selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and combinations and copolymers thereof. Most prefe ⁇ ed synthetic fibers of the first and second layers comprise solid staple polyester fibers which comprise polyethylene terephthalate homopolymers.
• Suitable synthetic materials may include solid single component (i.e., chemically homogeneous) fibers, multiconstituent fibers (i.e , more than one type of material making up each fiber), and multicomponent fibers (i.e., synthetic fibers which comp ⁇ se two or more distinct filament types which are somehow intertwined to produce a larger fiber), and combinations thereof
• Prefe ⁇ ed fibers include bicomponent fibers, multiconstituent fibers, and combinations thereof.
• Such bicomponent fibers may have a core-sheath configuration or a side-by-side configuration.
• the first and second layers may comprise either a combination of fibers comprising the above-listed materials or fibers which themselves comprise a combination of the above-listed materials.
• the cores comprise materials selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C higher than the sheath material, and combinations thereof.
• the sheaths of the bicomponent fibers preferably comprise materials selected from the group consisting of polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C lower than the core material, polyesters polyolefins having a T g of at least about 10°C lower than the core material, and combinations thereof.
• the fibers of the first and second layers may exhibit a helical or spiral or crimped configuration, particularly the bicomponent type fibers.
• a prefe ⁇ ed synthetic material for the first and/or second layer may comprise nylon fibers.
• a more prefe ⁇ ed synthetic material comp ⁇ ses nylon fibers formed into a scrim layer having additional nylon fibers bonded thereto such that the additional fibers form arcs on the scrim layer
• Nonwovens made from natural materials consist of webs or sheets most commonly formed on a fine wire screen from a liquid suspension of the fibers See CA. Hampel et al., The Encyclopedia of Chemistry, third edition, 1973, pp. 793-795 (1973); The Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 21, pp. 376-383 (1984); and G.A. Smook, Handbook of Pulp and Paper Technologies. Technical Association for the Pulp and Paper Industry (1986); which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein their entirety.
• Natural material nonwovens useful in the present invention may be obtained from a wide variety of commercial sources
• suitable commercially available paper layers useful herein include Airtex®, an embossed airlaid cellulosic layer having a base weight of about 71 gsy, available from
• Additional suitable nonwoven materials include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in U S Patent Nos 4,447,294, issued to Osborn on May 8, 1984, 4,603,176 issued to Bjorkquist on July 29, 1986, 4,981,557 issued to Bjorkquist on January 1, 1991 , 5,085,736 issued to Bjorkquist on February 4, 1992, 5,138,002 issued to Bjorkquist on August 8, 1992, 5,262,007 issued to Phan et al on November 16, 1993, 5,264,082, issued to Phan et al on November 23, 1993, 4,637,859 issued to Trokhan on January 20, 1987, 4,529,480 issued to Trokhan on July 16, 1985, 4,687,153 issued to McNeil on August 18, 1987, 5,223,096 issued to Phan et al on June 29, 1993 and 5,679,222, issued to Rasch et al on October 21, 1997, each of which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety
• nonwovens are well known in the art Generally, these nonwovens can be made by air-laying, water-laying, meltblowing, coforming, spunbonding, or carding processes in which the fibers or filaments are first cut to desired lengths from long strands, passed into a water or air stream, and then deposited onto a screen through which the fiber-laden air or water is passed.
• the resulting layer regardless of its method of production or composition, is then subjected to at least one of several types of bonding operations to anchor the individual fibers together to form a self-sustaining web
• the nonwoven layer can be prepared by a variety of processes including, but not limited to, air- entanglement, hydroentanglement, thermal bonding, and combinations of these processes
• Nonwoven substrates made from synthetic materials useful in the present invention can be obtained from a wide variety of commercial sources
• suitable first and second layer materials useful herein include HEF 40-047, an apertured hydroentangled material containing about 50% rayon and 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 61 grams per square meter (gsm), available from Veratec, Inc , Walpole, MA, HEF 140-102, an apertured hydroentangled material containing about 50% rayon and 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 67 gsm, available from Veratec, Inc ,
• thermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 100% polypropylene, and having a basis weight of about 60 gsm available from Veratec, Inc , Walpole, MA, Novonet® 149-801, a thermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 69% rayon, about 25% polypropylene, and about 6% cotton, and having a basis weight of about 90 gsm, available from Veratec, Inc Walpole, MA, Novonet® 149-191, a thermo-bonded grid patterned material containing about 69% rayon, about 25% polypropylene, and about 6% cotton, and having a basis weight of about 120 gsm , available from Veratec, Inc Walpole, MA, HEF Nubtex® 149-801, a nubbed, apertured hydroentangled material, containing about 100% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 84 gsm , available from Veratec, Inc Walpole, MA, Keybak® 951V, a dry
• a latex binder (Acrylate or EVA based) of up to about 5% w/w, and having a basis weight from about 60 gsm to about 90 gsm , available form Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ,
• Chicopee® 9900 series (e g , Chicopee 9931, 62 gsm , 50/50 rayon/polyester, and Chicopee 9950 50 gsm , 50/50 rayon/polyester), a carded, hydroentangled material, containing a fiber composition of from 50% rayon/50% polyester to 0% rayon/100% polyester or 100% rayon/0% polyester, and having a basis weight of from about 36 gsm to about 84 gsm, available form Chicopee, New Brunswick, NJ, Sontara 8868, a hydroentangled material, containing about 50% cellulose and about 50% polyester, and having a basis weight of about 72 gsm , available from Dupont Chemical Co ⁇ Prefe ⁇ ed non-woven substrate materials have a basis weight of about from 24 gsm to about 96 gsm, more preferably from about 36 gsm to about 84 gsm , and most preferably from about 42 gsm to about 78 gsm
• the first and second layers may also be a polymeric mesh sponge as described in European Patent Application No EP 702550A1 published March 27, 1996, which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein its entirety
• polymeric mesh sponges comprise a plurality of plies of an extruded tubular netting mesh prepared from nylon or a strong flexible polymer, such as addition polymers of olefin monomers and polyamides of polycarboxylic acids
• the first and second layers may also comprise formed films and composite materials, l e , multiple materials containing formed films
• formed films comprise plastics which tend to be soft to the skin
• Suitable soft plastic formed films include, but are not limited to, polyolefins such as low density polyethylenes (LDPE)
• LDPE low density polyethylenes
• the nonwoven layer comp ⁇ ses a plastic formed film, it is prefe ⁇ ed that the nonwoven layer be apertured, e g , macroapertured or microapertured, such that the layer is fluid permeable
• the nonwoven layer comprises a plastic formed film which is only microapertured
• the surface abe ⁇ ations of the microapertures, l e , the male side are preferably located on the interior surface of the second layer and preferably face toward the inside of the substrate, l e , toward the cleansing component/ therapeutic benefit component In certain embodiments which include apertures having petal-like edged surface abe ⁇ ations, without being limited by theory, it is believed
• the first and/or second layer comprises a plastic formed film which is both microapertured and macroapertured.
• the layers are well-suited to contact the area to be cleansed and/or therapeutically treated given the cloth-like feel of such microapertured films
• the surface abe ⁇ ations of the microapertures face opposite of the surface abe ⁇ ations of the macroapertures on the layer (i.e , the first and/or second layer).
• the macroapertures maximize the overall wetting/lathering of the article by the three- dimensional thickness formed from the surface abe ⁇ ations which are under constant compression and decompression during the use of the article thereby creating lathering bellows
• the first and/or second layer comprising a formed film preferably has at least about 100 apertures/cm 2 , more preferably at least 500 apertures/cm 2 , even still more preferably at least about 1000 apertures/cm 2 , and most preferably at least about 1500 apertures/cm 2 of the substrate
• More prefe ⁇ ed embodiments of the present invention include a first and/or second layer which has water flux rate of from about 5 cm /cm -s to about 70 cm /cm -s, more preferably from about 10 cm /cm -s to about 50 cm /cm -s and most preferably from about 15 cm 3 /cm 2 -s to about 40 cm 3 /cm 2 -s.
• Suitable formed films and formed film-containing composite materials useful in the first and/or second layers of the present invention include, but are not limited to, those disclosed m U. S. Patent No 4,342,314 issued to Radel et al. on August 3, 1982, commonly assigned co-pending application U. S Serial No. 08/326,571 and PCT Application No US95/07435, filed June 12, 1995 and published January 11, 1996, and U. S. Patent No 4,629,643, issued to Cu ⁇ o et al. on December 16, 1986, each of which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety.
• first and/or second layer may be a formed film composite material comprising at least one formed film and at least one nonwoven wherein the layer is vacuum formed
• a suitable formed film composite material includes, but is not limited to, a vacuum laminated composite formed film material formed by combining a carded polypropylene nonwoven having a basis weight of 30 gsm with a formed film
• first and second layers are preferably bonded to one another in order to maintain the integrity of the article.
• This bonding may consist of spot bonding (e.g., hot point bonding), continuous joining (e.g., laminated, etc.) or in a discontinuous pattern, or by bonding at the external edges (or periphery) of the layers and/or at discrete loci or combinations thereof
• the bonding may also be a ⁇ anged such that geometric shapes and patterns, e.g. diamonds, circles, squares, etc , are created on the exterior surfaces of the layers and the resulting article.
• the first layer and any additional layers may be surface modified to form single composite layer having 2 sides with different textures
• the water insoluble substrate can be construed as comprising a single composite layer with dual textured sides or surfaces.
• the bonded area present between the first and second layers be not greater than about 50% of the total surface area of the layers, preferably not greater than about 15%, more preferably not greater than about 10%, and most preferably not greater than about 8%
• each of the layers discussed herein comprises at least two surfaces, namely an interior surface and an exterior surface, each of which may have the same or different texture and abrasiveness
• the articles of the present invention comprise substrates and therefore layers which are soft to the skin
• differing texture substrates can result from the use of different combinations of materials or from the use of different manufacturing piocesses or a combination thereof
• a dual textured water insoluble substrate can be made to provide a personal care article with the advantage of having a more abrasive side for exfoliation and a softer, absorbent side for gentle cleansing and therapeutic treatment
• the separate layers of the substrate can be manufactured to have different colors, thereby helping the user to further distinguish the surfaces
• each of the layers of the articles as well as the articles themselves may be made into a wide variety of shapes and forms including flat pads, thick pads, thin sheets, ball-shaped implements, l ⁇ egularly shaped implements
• the exact size of the layers will depend upon the desired use and characteristics of the article and may range in surface area size from about a square inch to about hundreds of square inches
• Especially convenient layer and article shapes include, but are not limited to, square, circular, rectangular, hourglass, mitt-type or oval shapes having a surface area of from about 5 in 2 to about 200 m 2 , preferably from about 6 in 2 to about 120 in 2 , and more preferably from about 15 in 2 to about 100 in 2 , and a thickness of from about 0 5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to about 25 mm, and more preferably from about 2 mm to about 20 mm CLEANSING COMPONENT
• the articles of the present invention comp ⁇ se a cleansing component which further comprises one or more surfactants
• the cleansing component is disposed adjacent to the water insoluble substrate
• the cleansing component is impregnated into the water insoluble substrate
• the cleansing component is deposited onto either or both surfaces of the substrate
• the articles of the present invention comprise from about 10% to about 1,000%, preferably from about 50% to about 600%, and more preferably from about 100% to about 250%, based on the weight of the water insoluble substrate, of the surfactant
• the articles of the present invention preferably comp ⁇ se at least about 1 gram, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a surfactant
• the cleansing component may be added to the substrate without requiring a drying process
• the surfactants of the cleansing component are preferably lathering surfactants
• lathe ⁇ ng surfactant means a surfactant, which when combined with water and mechanically agitated generates a foam or lather Such surfactants are prefe ⁇ ed since increased lather is important to consumers as an indication of cleansing effectiveness
• the surfactants or combinations of surfactants are mild
• “mild” means that the surfactants as well as to the articles of the present invention demonstrate skin mildness comparable to a mild alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS) surfactant based synthetic bar, 1 e , synbar Methods for measuring mildness, or inversely the l ⁇ itancy, of surfactant containing articles, are based on a skin ba ⁇ ier destruction test In this test, the milder the surfactant, the lesser the skin ba ⁇ ier is destroyed Skin ba ⁇ ier destruction is measured by the relative amount of radio-labeled (tritium labeled)
• lathering surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of anionic lathering surfactants, nonionic lathering surfactants, cationic lathering surfactants, amphoteric lathering surfactants, and mixtures thereof Anionic Lathering Surfactants
• anionic lathering surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986), published by Allured Publishing Co ⁇ oration, McCutcheon's, Functional Materials, North Ame ⁇ can Edition (1992), and U S Patent No 3,929,678, to Laughhn et al , issued December 30, 1975, each of which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety
• anionic lathering surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates, sulfated monoglycerides, sulfonated olefins, alkyl aryl sulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, acyl taurates, acyl isethionates, alkyl glycerylether sulfonate, sulfonated methyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, alkyl phosphates, acyl glutamates, acyl sarcosinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acylated peptides, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, anionic fluorosurfactants, and combinations thereof Combinations of anionic surfactants can be
• R10-S03M and Rl(CH2H40)x-0-S03M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• the alkyl sulfates are typically made by the sulfation of monohydric alcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) using sulfur trioxide or other known sulfation technique
• the alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) and then sulfated These alcohols can be derived from fats, e g , coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic Specific examples of alkyl sulfates which may be used in the cleansing component are sodium,
• Suitable anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates of the form R1S03M, wherein Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Rl is a mono-olefin having from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, tri
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, tnethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Still other anionic surfactants suitable for this cleansing component include the primary or secondary alkane sulfonates of the form R1S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl chain from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine These are commonly formed by the sulfonation of paraffins using sulfur dioxide in the presence of chlorine and ultraviolet light or another known sulfonation method The sulfonation can occur in either the secondary or primary positions of the alkyl chain
• An example of an alkane sulfonate useful herein is alkali metal or ammonium C13-C17 paraffin sulfonates
• alkyl sulfosuccinates which include disodium N- octadecylsulfosuccinamate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(l,2-d ⁇ carboxyethyl)-N- octadecylsulfosuccmate, diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid, and dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
• taurates which are based on taurine, which is also known as 2-ammoethanesulfon ⁇ c acid
• taurates include N-alkyltaunnes such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate as detailed in U S Patent No 2,658,072 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety
• Other examples based of taurine include the acyl taunnes formed by the reaction of n-methyl taurine with fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms)
• Another class of anionic surfactants suitable for use in the cleansing component is the acyl isethionates
• the acyl isethionates typically have the formula R1CO-0-CH2CH2S03M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, and M is a cation These are typically formed by the reaction of fatty acids (having from about
• alkylglyceryl ether sulfonates of the form R1-OCH2- C(OH)H-CH2-S03M, wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine
• Suitable anionic surfactants include the sulfonated fatty acids of the form R1-CH(S04)- COOH and sulfonated methyl esters of the from Rl-CH(S04)-CO-0-CH3, where Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms These can be formed by the sulfonation of fatty acids or alkyl methyl esters (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) with sulfur trioxide or by another known sulfonation technique Examples include alpha sulphonated coconut fatty acid and lauryl methyl ester.
• anionic materials include phosphates such as monoalkyl, dialkyl, and t ⁇ alkylphosphate salts formed by the reaction of phosphorous pentoxide with monohydric branched or unbranched alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms These could also be formed by other known phosphation methods.
• An example from this class of surfactants is sodium mono or dilaurylphosphate
• anionic materials include acyl glutamates co ⁇ esponding to the fo nula RICO-N(COOH)- CH2CH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include alkanoyl sarcosinates co ⁇ esponding to the fo ⁇ nula RlCON(CH3)- CH2CH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms
• M is a water-soluble cation
• anionic materials include alkyl ether carboxylates co ⁇ esponding to the fo ⁇ nula Rl- (OCH2CH2)x-OCH2-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• x is 1 to 10
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include acyl lactylates co ⁇ esponding to the fo ⁇ nula RlCO-[0-CH(CH3)- CO]x-C02M wherein Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 3, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• x is 3
• M is a water-soluble cation.
• anionic materials include the carboxylates, nonlimiting examples of which include sodium lauroyl carboxylate, sodium cocoyl carboxylate, and ammonium lauroyl carboxylate.
• Anionic flourosurfactants can also be used.
• anionic materials include natural soaps derived from the saponification of vegetable and/or animal fats & oils exmaples of which include sodium laurate, sodium myristate, palmitate, stearate, tallowate, cocoate.
• any counter cation, M can be used on the anionic surfactant.
• the counter cation is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine. More preferably, the counter cation is ammonium.
• Nonlimiting examples of nonionic lathering surfactants for use in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Co ⁇ oration; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials. North American Edition (1992); both of which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Nonionic lathering surfactants useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl glucosides, alkyl polyglucosides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid esters, sucrose esters, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.
• Alkyl glucosides and alkyl polyglucosides are useful herein, and can be broadly defined as condensation products of long chain alcohols, e.g., C8-30 alcohols, with sugars or starches or sugar or starch polymers, i.e., glycosides or polyglycosides.
• S is a sugar moiety such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose
• n is an integer of from about 1 to about 1000
• R is a C8-30 alkyl group.
• long chain alcohols from which the alkyl group can be derived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like.
• Prefe ⁇ ed examples of these surfactants include those wherein S is a glucose moiety, R is a C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an integer of from about 1 to about 9.
• surfactants include decyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) and lauryl polyglucoside (available as APG 600CS and 625 CS from Henkel). Also useful are sucrose ester surfactants such as sucrose cocoate and sucrose laurate.
• nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants, more specific examples of which include glucosamides, co ⁇ esponding to the structural formula:
• R is H, C -C ⁇ alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy- propyl, preferably C -C alkyl, more preferably
• R is C,.-C_ alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C -C Q alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably C -C alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably C -C alkyl or alkenyl
• Z is a polhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with a least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof
• Z preferably is a sugar moiety selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and mixtures thereof
• coconut alkyl N-methyl glucoside amide (I e , wherein the R CO- moiety is derived from coconut oil fatty acids)
• Processes for making compositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed, for example, in G B Patent Specification 809,060, published February 18, 1959, by Thomas
• nonionic surfactants include amine oxides Amine oxides co ⁇ espond to the general formula R1R2R3N— »0, wherein Ri contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety, and R2 and R3 contain from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e g , methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals
• the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond
• Examples of amine oxides suitable for use in this invention include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyld ⁇ (2-hydroxyethyl) amme oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyl-decylamine oxide, dimethyl-tetradecylamine oxide, 3,
• amphoteric lathering surfactant is also intended to encompass zwitterionic surfactants, which are well known to formulators skilled in the art as a subset of amphoteric surfactants.
• amphoteric lathering surfactants can be used in the compositions of the present invention. Particularly useful are those which are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, preferably wherein the nitrogen is in a cationic state, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the radicals contains an ionizable water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
• an ionizable water solubilizing group e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
• amphoteric surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Co ⁇ oration; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials, North American Edition (1992); both of which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Nonlimiting examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of betaines, sultaines, hydroxysultaines, alkyliminoacetates, iminodialkanoates, aminoalkanoates, and mixtures thereof.
• betaines include the higher alkyl betaines, such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available as Lonzaine 16SP from Lonza Co ⁇ .), lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, amidobetaines and amidosulfobetaines (wherein the RCONH(CH ) radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine), oleyl betaine
• sultaines and hydroxysultaines include materials such as cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine (available as Mirataine CBS from Rhone-Poulenc).
• amphoteric surfactants having the following structure:
• R 1 is unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain alkyl having from about 9 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• Prefe ⁇ ed R 1 has from about 11 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferably still from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms;
• m is an integer from 1 to about 3, more preferably from about 2 to about 3, and more preferably about 3, n is either 0 or 1, preferably 1
• R ⁇ and R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or mono-substituted with hydroxy, prefe ⁇ ed R ⁇ and R 3 are CH3,
• X is selected from the group consisting of CO2, SO3 and SO4,
• R 4 is selected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain alkyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with hydroxy, having from
• amphoteric surfactants of the present invention include the following compounds Cetyl dimethyl betaine (this material also has the CTFA designation cetyl betaine)
• R has from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms
• amphoteric surfactants examples include alkyliminoacetates, and lminodialkanoates and aminoalkanoates of the formulas RN[CH distract) C0 o M] and RNH(CH J C0 M wherein m is from 1 to 4, R
• m i is a Cg-C22 alkyl or alkenyl
• M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal ammonium, or alkanolammonium
• imidazolinium and ammonium derivatives Specific examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants include sodium 3-dodecyl-am ⁇ noprop ⁇ onate, sodium 3-dodecylam ⁇ no- propane sulfonate, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids such as those produced according to the teaching of U S Patent 2,438,091 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety, and the products sold under the trade name "Miranol" and described in U S Patent 2,528,378, which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety
• Other examples of useful amphoterics include amphoteric phosphates, such as coamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate (commercially available as Monaquat PTC, from Mon
• Prefe ⁇ ed lathering surfactants are selected from the group consisting of anionic lathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium trideceth sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium monolauryl phospate, sodium cocoglyceryl ether sulfonate, sodium C 9 -C 22 soap, and combinations thereof, nonionic lathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of lauramine oxide, cocoarmne oxide, decyl polyglucose, lauryl polyglucose, sucrose cocoate, C12-14 glu
• the articles essentially comprise a therapeutic benefit component
• This benefit component is disposed adjacent to the water insoluble substrate and comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, more preferably, from about 10% to about 500%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 250%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a therapeutic benefit agent
• the therapeutic benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic conditioning agents, hydrophilic conditioning agents, structured conditioning agents, and combinations thereof
• the articles of the present invention may comprise one or more hydrophobic conditioning agents which are useful for providing a conditioning benefit to the skin or hair during the use of the article
• the articles of present invention preferably comp ⁇ se from about 0 5% to about 1,000%, more preferably from about 1% to about 200%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 100%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a hydrophobic conditioning agent
• the hydrophobic conditioning agent may be selected from one or more hydrophobic conditioning agents such that the weighted arithmetic mean solubility parameter of the hydrophobic conditioning agent is less than or equal to 10 5 It is recognized, based on this mathematical definition of solubility parameters, that it is possible, for example, to achieve the required weighted arithmetic mean solubility parameter, 1 e , less than or equal to 10 5, for a hydrophobic conditioning agent comprising two or more compounds if one of the compounds has an individual solubility parameter reater than 105 Solubility parameters are well known to the formulation chemist of ordinary
• the solubility parameter of a chemical compound, ⁇ is defined as the square root of the cohesive energy density for that compound.
• a solubility parameter for a compound is calculated from tabulated values of the additive group contributions for the heat of vaporization and molar volume of the components of that compound, using the following equation.
• Solubility parameters obey the law of mixtures such that the solubility parameter for a mixture of materials is given by the weighted arithmetic mean (i.e the weighted average) of the solubility parameters for each component of that mixture. See, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 57th edition, CRC Press, p
• Formulation chemists typically report and use solubility parameters in units of (cal/cm-')l'2 The tabulated values of additive group contributions for heat of vaporization in the Handbook of Solubility
• Solubility parameters have also been tabulated for a wide variety of chemical materials Tabulations of solubility parameters are found in the above-cited Handbook of Solubility Parameters Also, see “Solubility Effects In Product, Package, Penetration, And Preservation", CD Vaughan. Cosmetics and Toiletries, vol. 103, October 1988, pp. 47-69, which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety.
• hydrophobic conditioning agents include those selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, lanolin, lanolin denvatives, C7-C40 branched chain hydrocarbons, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids, monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, t ⁇ glyce ⁇ des of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 carboxylic acid monoesters and polyesters of sugars, polydialkylsiloxanes, poly
• Mineral oil which is also known as petrolatum liquid, is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum See The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7048, p. 1033 (1983) and International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, vol. 1, p 415-417 (1993), which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Petrolatum which is also known as petroleum jelly, is a colloidal system of nonstraight-cha solid hydrocarbons and high-boiling liquid hydrocarbons, in which most of the liquid hydrocarbons are held inside the micelles See The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7047, p 1033 (1983), Schindler, Drug.
• Lecithin is also useful as a hydrophobic conditioning agent. It is a naturally occu ⁇ ing mixture of the diglycerides of certain fatty acids, linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid.
• Straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having from about 7 to about 40 carbon atoms are useful herein.
• Nonlimiting examples of these hydrocarbon materials include dodecane, isododecane, squalane, cholesterol, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, docosane (i.e. a C22 hydrocarbon), hexadecane, isohexadecane
• C7-C40 lsoparaffins which are C7-C40 branched hydrocarbons Polydecene, a branched liquid hydrocarbon, is also useful herein and is commercially available under the tradenames Puresyn 100® and Puresyn 3000® from Mobile Chemical (Edison, NJ)
• C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids and of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids including straight and branched chain materials as well as aromatic derivatives
• esters such as monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, triglycendes of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol
• Nonlimiting examples include diisopropyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, myristyl propionate, ethylene glycol distearate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecyl neopentanoate, d ⁇ -2-ethylhexyl maleate, cetyl palmitate, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate, cetyl stearate, behenyl behenrate, dioctyl maleate, dioctyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, cetyl octanoate, diisopropyl dihnoleate, ca ⁇ yhc/cap ⁇ c triglyceride, PEG
• esters are derived from a sugar or polyol moiety and one or more carboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar, these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature
• liquid esters include, glucose tetraoleate, the glucose tetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannose tetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraesters of oleic acid, the arabmose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylose tetralmoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, the sorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xyhtol pentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, suc
• solid esters examples include: sorbitol hexaester in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a 1 :2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1 3 molar ratio; the heptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are sunflower seed oil fatty acids and hgnocerate in a 3-4 molar ratio; the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are oleate and behenate in a 2:6 molar ratio, and the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate, linoleate and behenate in a 1:3.4 molar ratio.
• a prefe ⁇ ed solid material is sucrose polyester m which the degree of esterification is 7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C18 mono- and/or di-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates: behenic of 1:7 to 3:5
• a particularly prefe ⁇ ed solid sugar polyester is the octaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acid moieties and about 1 oleic acid moiety in the molecule
• Other materials include cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose. The ester materials are further described in, U. S. Patent No. 2,831,854, U. S.
• Nonvolatile silicones such as polydialkylsiloxanes, polydiarylsiloxanes, and polyalkarylsiloxanes are also useful oils These silicones are disclosed in U S Patent No 5,069,897, to O ⁇ , issued December 3, 1991, which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety
• the polyalkylsiloxanes co ⁇ espond to the general chemical formula R3S ⁇ O[R2S ⁇ O] x S ⁇ R3 wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight
• R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight
• Commercially available polyalkylsiloxanes include the polydimethylsiloxanes, which
• polydimethylsiloxanes useful herein include Dow Corning® 225 fluid having a viscosity of 10 centistokes and a boiling point greater than 200°C, and Dow Corning® 200 fluids having viscosities of 50, 350, and 12,500 centistokes, respectively, and boiling points greater than 200°C
• materials such as trimethylsiloxysilicate, which is a polymeric material co ⁇ esponding to the general chemical formula [(CH2)3S ⁇ O ⁇ /2l ⁇ [S ⁇ 2]y, wherein x is an integer from about 1 to about 500 and y is an integer from about
• dimethiconols which are hydroxy terminated dimethyl silicones
• R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight
• dimethiconols are typically sold as mixtures with dimethicone or cyclomethicone (e g Dow Corning® 1401, 1402, and 1403 fluids)
• polyalkylaryl siloxanes with polymethylphenyl siloxanes having viscosities from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25 °C being pref
• Vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils are also useful herein Examples of vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils include safflower oil, castor oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, menhaden oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, rice bran oil, pine oil, sesame oil, sunflower seed oil, hydrogenated safflower oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated menhaden oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated peanut oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated linseed oil, hydrogenated rice bran oil, hydrogenated sesame oil, hydrogenated sunflower seed oil, and mixtures thereof
• C4-C20 alkyl ethers of polypropylene glycols C1-C20 carboxylic acid esters of polypropylene glycols, and d ⁇ -C8-C30 alkyl ethers
• Nonlimiting examples of these materials include PPG- 14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, dioctyl ether, dodecyl octyl ether, and mixtures thereof
• Hydrophobic chelating agents are also useful herein as hydrophobic conditioning agents Suitable agents are described in U S Patent No 4,387,244, issued to Scanlon et al on June 7, 1983, and copending U S Patent Application Serial Nos 09/258,747 and 09/259,485, filed in the names of Schwartz et al on February 26, 1999 Hydrophilic Conditioning Agents
• the articles of the present invention may optionally comprise one or more hydrophilic conditioning agents
• hydrophilic conditioning agents include those selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, ureas, pyrohdone carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated C3-C6 diols and t ⁇ ols, alpha-hydroxy C2-C6 carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated sugars, polyacrylic acid copolymers, sugars having up to about 12 carbons atoms, sugar alcohols having up to about 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof
• Specific examples of useful hydrophilic conditioning agents include materials such as urea, guanidine, glycolic acid and glycolate salts (e g , ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium), lactic acid and lactate salts (e g , ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium), sucrose, fruct
• Therapeutic benefit components of the present invention which are emulsion form, generally contain an aqueous phase and an oil or lipid phase Suitable oils or hpids may be derived from animals, plants, or petroleum and may be natural or synthetic (I e , man-made) Such oils are discussed above in the Hydrophobic Conditioning Agents section Suitable aqueous phase components include the Hydrophilic Conditioning Agents, which are discussed above Prefe ⁇ ed emulsion fo ⁇ ns include water-in-oil emulsions, water-in-sihcone emulsions, and other inverse emulsions Additionally, prefe ⁇ ed emulsions also contain a hydrophilic conditioning agent such as glycerin such that a glycenn-in-oil emulsion results
• Therapeutic benefit components in emulsion form will preferably further contain from about 1 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 2% to about 5%, of an emulsifier, based on the weight of therapeutic benefit component
• Emulsifiers may be nonionic, anionic or cationic Suitable emulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U S Patent 3,755,560, issued August 28, 1973, Dickert et al , U S Patent 4,421,769, issued December 20, 1983, Dixon et al , and McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers.
• Therapeutic benefit components in emulsion form may also contain an anti-foaming agent to minimize foaming upon application to the skin
• Anti-foaming agents include high molecular weight silicones and other materials well known in the art for such use
• microemulsion refers to the ⁇ nodynamic stable mixtures of two immiscible solvents (one apolar and the other polar) stabilized by an amphiphihc molecule, a surfactant Prefe ⁇ ed microemulsions include water- m-oil microemulsions
• the therapeutic benefit component may comprise structured conditioning agents Suitable structured conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, vesicular structures such as ceranudes, liposomes, and the like
• the therapeutic benefit agents of the benefit component are comprised within a coacervate-forming composition
• the coacervate-forming composition comprises a cationic polymer, an anionic surfactant, and a dermatologically acceptable ca ⁇ ier for the polymer and surfactant
• the cationic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of natural backbone quaternary ammonium polymers, synthetic backbone quaternary ammonium polymers, natural backbone amphoteric type polymers, synthetic backbone amphoteric type polymers, and combinations thereof
• the cationic polymer is selected from the group consisting of natural backbone quaternary ammonium polymers selected from the group consisting of Polyquatern ⁇ um-4, Polyquatermum- 10, Polyquatern ⁇ um-24, PG-hydroxyethylcellulose alkyldimoraum chlorides, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropylguar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, and combinations thereof, synthetic backbone quaternary ammonium polymers selected from the group consisting of Polyquatern ⁇ um-2, Polyquate ⁇ num-6, Polyquate ⁇ uum-7, Polyquate ⁇ um-11, Polyquaternium- 16, Polyquaternium- 17, Polyquaternium- 18, Polyquatern ⁇ um-28, Polyquatern ⁇ um-32, Polyquatern ⁇ um-37, Polyquatern ⁇ um-43, Polyquatern ⁇ um-44, Polyquatern ⁇ um-46, polymethacylamidopropyl trimonium chloride, acrylamidopropyl trimonium ch
• the cationic polymer is a polyamine
• the cationic polyamine polymer be selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneimines, polyvinylamines, polypropyleneimines, polylysines and combinations thereof Even more preferably, the cationic polyamine polymer is a polyethyleneimme.
• the polyamine may be hydrophobically or hydrophi cally modified
• the cationic polyamine polymer is selected from the group consisting of benzylated polyamines, ethoxylated polyamines, propoxylated polyamines, alkylated polyamines, amidated polyamines, estenfied polyamines and combinations thereof
• the coacervate-forming composition comprises from about 0 01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the coacervate- forming composition, of the cationic polymer
• Suitable anionic surfactants include those discussed above as related to the "cleansing component "
• the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sarcosinates, glutamates, sodium alkyl sulfates, ammonium alkyl sulfates, sodium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium laureth-n-sulfates, sodium laureth-n-sulfates, isethionates, glycerylether sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and combinations thereof More preferably, the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, monosodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium alkyl sulfates, ammonium alkyl sulfates, sodium alkyleth sulfates, ammonium alkyleth sulfates, and combinations thereof
• coacervate-forming compositions are further described in copending U. S. patent applications Serial Nos 09/397,747, filed in the name of Schwartz et al , 09/397,746, filed in the name of Heinrich et al.; 09/397,712, filed in the name of Schwartz et al ; 09/397,723, filed in the name of Heinrich et al.; and 09/397,722, filed in the name of Venkitaraman et al.; each of which were filed on September 16, 1999.
• the coacervate-forming composition may comprise an anionic polymer, a cationic surfactant, and a dermatologically acceptable ca ⁇ ier for the polymer and surfactant.
• the anionic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, copolymers of acrylic acid, acryla ide, and other natural or synthetic polymers (e.g., polystyrene, polybutene, polyurethane, etc.), naturally derived gums, and combinations thereof.
• Suitable gums include alginates (e.g., propylene glycol alginate), pectins, chitosans (e g., chitosan lactate), and modified gums (e.g., starch octenyl succmate), and combinations thereof.
• the anionic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, pectins, chitosans, and combinations thereof.
• Prefe ⁇ ed articles of the present invention comprise from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0 1% to about 5%, by weight of the coacervate-forming composition, of the anionic polymer.
• Suitable cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to, those discussed herein.
• the therapeutic benefit component of the article is suitable for providing therapeutic or aesthetic skin or hair benefits by deposition onto such surfaces of not only conditioning agents but also various agents including, but not limited to, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, anti-microbial actives, antifungal actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetic actives, artificial tanning agents and accelerators, anti-viral agents, enzymes, sunscreen actives, anti-oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• the therapeutic benefit component may be contained within the cleansing component of the present invention or vice versa such that they form a unitary component with indistinguishable ingredients.
• the articles of the present invention may also be packaged individually or with additional articles suitable for providing separate benefits not provided by the primary article, e.g., aesthetic, therapeutic, functional, or otherwise, thereby forming a personal care kit
• the additional article of this personal care kit preferably comp ⁇ ses a water insoluble substrate comprising at least one layer and either a cleansing component containing a lathering surfactant or a therapeutic benefit component disposed onto or impregnated into that layer of the substrate of the additional article.
• the additional article of the present invention may also serve a functional benefit m addition to or lieu of a therapeutic or aesthetic benefit.
• the additional article may be useful as a drying implement suitable for use to aid in the removal of water from the skin or hair upon completion of a showering or bathing experience
• the articles of the present invention that include a therapeutic benefit component have the therapeutic benefit component substantially on the surface of the substrate.
• substantially on the surface of the substrate is meant that the surface to saturation ratio is greater than about 1.25, preferably greater than about 1.5, more preferably greater than about 2.0, even more preferably greater than about 2.25, and most preferably greater than 2 5
• the surface to saturation ratio is a ratio of the measurement of benefit agent on the surface of the substrate
• step 3 Select the substrate peak from the spectra determined in step 3 which occurs at a wavenumber determined m step 2, but which does not co ⁇ espond to one of the primary benefit agent peaks selected in step 3. Record the wavenumber selected and the absorbance from the absorbance spectrum in step 3
• the articles of the present invention are considered to be “substantially dry”. As used herein, “substantially dry” means that the articles of the present invention exhibit a Moisture
• the Moisture Retention is indicative of the dry feel that users perceive upon touching the articles of the present invention as opposed to the feel of "wet" wipes. In order to determine the Moisture Retention of the present articles and other disposable substrate- based products, the following equipment and materials are needed.
• the article of the present invention may also comprise one or more chambers Such chambers or compartments result from the connection (e g , bonding) of the substrate layers to one another at various loci to define enclosed areas
• These chambers are useful, e g , for separating various article components from one another, e g , the surfactant-containing cleansing component from a conditioning agent
• the separated article components which provide a therapeutic or aesthetic or cleansing benefit may be released from the chambers in a variety of ways including, but not limited to, solubihzation, emulsification, mechanical transfer, puncturing, popping, bursting, squeezing of the chamber or even peeling away a substrate layer which composes a portion of the chamber OPTIONAL COMPONENTS
• the articles of the present invention may contain a variety of other components such as are conventionally used in a given product type provided that they do not unacceptably alter the benefits of the invention
• These optional components should be suitable for application to human skin and hair, that is, when inco ⁇ orated into the article they are suitable for use in contact with human skin without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like, within the scope of sound medical or formulator's j udgment
• CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition (1992) describes a wide variety of nonlimiting cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry, which are suitable for use in the articles of the present invention Examples of these ingredient classes include enzymes, abrasives, skin exfoliating agents, absorbents, aesthetic components such as fragrances, pigments, colorings/colorants, essential oils, skin sensates, ast ⁇ ngents, etc (e g , clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthy
• the articles of the present invention may include ca ⁇ ier components such as are known in the art Such ca ⁇ iers can include one or more compatible liquid or solid filler diluents or vehicles which are suitable for application to sk or hair.
• the articles of the present invention may optionally contain one or more of such optional components.
• Prefe ⁇ ed articles optionally contain a safe and effective amount of an therapeutic benefit component comprising a therapeutic benefit agent selected from the group consisting of vitamin compounds, skin treating agents, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, anti-skin atrophy actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetics, artificial tanning actives and accelerators, anti-microbial actives, anti-fungal actives, sunscreen actives, anti-oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• a therapeutic benefit agent selected from the group consisting of vitamin compounds, skin treating agents, anti-acne actives, anti-wrinkle actives, anti-skin atrophy actives, anti-inflammatory actives, topical anesthetics, artificial tanning actives and accelerators, anti-microbial actives, anti-fungal actives, sunscreen actives, anti-oxidants, skin exfoliating agents, and combinations thereof.
• a safe and effective amount means an amount of a compound or component sufficient to significantly induce a positive effect or benefit, but low enough to avoid serious side effects, (e.g., undue toxicity or allergic reaction), i.e., to provide a reasonable benefit to risk ratio, within the scope of sound medical judgment
• the optional components useful herein can be categorized by their therapeutic or aesthetic benefit or their postulated mode of action. However, it is to be understood that the optional components useful herein can in some instances provide more than one therapeutic or aesthetic benefit or operate via more than one mode of action. Therefore, classifications herein are made for the sake of convenience and are not intended to limit the component to that particular application or applications listed. Also, when applicable, the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the components are useful herein Vitamin Compounds
• the articles of the present invention may comp ⁇ se vitamin compounds, precursors, and derivatives thereof These vitamin compounds may be in either natural or synthetic form.
• Suitable vitamin compounds include, but are not limited to, Vitamin A (e.g., beta carotene, retmoic acid, retinol, retmoids, retinyl palmitate, retinyl prop ⁇ onate, etc.), Vitamin B (e.g , niacin, niacinamide, ⁇ boflavin, pantothenic acid, etc.),
• Vitamin C e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.
• Vitamin D e.g , ergosterol, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol, etc.
• Vitamin E e.g., tocopherol acetate, etc.
• Vitamin K e.g., phytonadione, menadione, phthiocol, etc.
• the articles of the present invention may comprise a safe and effective amount of a vitamin B3 compound.
• Vitamin B 3 compounds are particularly useful for regulating skin condition as described in co-pending U. S. Application Serial No. 08/834,010, filed April 11, 1997 (co ⁇ esponding to international publication WO 97/39733 Al, published October 30, 1997) which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety.
• the therapeutic component of the present invention preferably comprise from about
• vitamin B3 compound means a compound having the formula:
• R is - CONH2 (i.e., niacinamide), - COOH (i.e., nicotinic acid) or - CH2OH (i.e., nicotinyl alcohol); derivatives thereof; and salts of any of the foregoing.
• exemplary derivatives of the foregoing vitamin B3 compounds include nicotinic acid esters, including non-vasodilating esters of nicotinic acid, nicotinyl amino acids, nicotinyl alcohol esters of carboxylic acids, nicotinic acid N-oxide and niacinamide N-oxide.
• vitamin B3 compounds are well known in the art and are commercially available from a number of sources, e.g., the Sigma Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO); ICN Biomedicals, Inc. (Irvin, CA) and Aldrich Chemical Company (Milwaukee, WI).
• the vitamin compounds may be included as the substantially pure material, or as an extract obtained by suitable physical and/or chemical isolation from natural (e.g., plant) sources.
• the article of the present invention may contain one or more skin treating agents.
• suitable skin treating agents include those effective for preventing, retarding, a ⁇ esting, and/or reversing skin wrinkles.
• Suitable skin treating agents include, but are not limited to, alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and glycolic acid and beta-hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid.
• Anti-Acne Actives include, but are not limited to, alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and glycolic acid and beta-hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid.
• anti-wrinkle and anti-skin atrophy actives useful m the present invention include retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans), retinol, retmyl esters; niacinamide, salicylic acid and derivatives thereof; sulfur-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly the N- acetyl derivatives, a prefe ⁇ ed example of which is N-acetyl-L-cysteine, thiols, e.g., ethane thiol; hydroxy acids, phytic acid, lipoic acid; lysophosphatidic acid, and skin peel agents (e.g , phenol and the like)
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Actives NSAIDS
• NSAIDS Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Actives
• NSAIDS Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Actives
• NSAIDS Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Actives
• NSAIDS are fully described in U. S. Patent 4,985,459 to Sunshine et al , issued January 15, 1991, inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety
• useful NSAIDS include acetyl salicylic acid, lbuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, fenbufen, ketoprofen, indoprofen, pi ⁇ rofen, ca ⁇ rofen, oxaprozin, pranoprofen, miroprofen, tioxaprofen, suprofen, alminoprofen, tiaprofemc acid, fluprofen and bucloxic acid
• steroidal anti- lnflammatory drugs including hydrocortisone and the like Topical Anesthetics
• artificial tanning actives and accelerators useful in the articles of the present invention include dihydroxyacetaone, tyrosine, tyrosine esters such as ethyl tyrosinate, and phospho-DOPA Antimicrobial and Antifungal Actives
• antimicrobial and antifungal actives useful m the articles of the present invention include ⁇ -lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, 2,4,4'-tnchloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4'-tnchlorocarban ⁇ l ⁇ de, phenoxyethanol, phenoxy propanol, phenoxyisopropanol, doxycycline, capreomycin, chlorhexidine, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, clindamycin, ethambutol, hexamidine isethionate, metronidazole, pentamidine, gentamicin, kanamycin, lineomycin, methacycline, methenamine, minocycline, neomycin, netilmicin, paromomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin, miconazole, t
• the articles of the present invention may further comp ⁇ se one or more anti-viral agents.
• Suitable anti-viral agents include, but are not limited to, metal salts (e g., silver nitrate, copper sulfate, iron chloride, etc.) and organic acids (e.g , malic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etc ).
• metal salts e g., silver nitrate, copper sulfate, iron chloride, etc.
• organic acids e.g , malic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etc.
• compositions which contain additional suitable anti-viral agents include those described in copending U. S patent applications Serial Nos.
• the article of the present invention may optionally include one or more enzymes
• such enzymes are dermatologically acceptable Suitable enzymes include, but are not limited to, keiatinase, protease, amylase, subtihsin, etc.. Sunscreen Actives
• sunscreening actives A wide variety of sunscreening agents are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,087,445, to Haffey et al., issued February 11, 1992, U.S Patent No. 5,073,372, to Turner et al., issued December 17, 1991; U.S. Patent No. 5,073,371, to Turner et al.
• Nonlimiting examples of sunscreens which are useful in the compositions of the present invention are those selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexyl p- methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl N,N-d ⁇ methyl-/?-am ⁇ nobenzoate, p-aminobenzoic acid, 2- phenylbenz ⁇ m ⁇ dazole-5-sulfon ⁇ c acid, octocrylene, oxybenzone, homomenthyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, 4,4'-methoxy-t-butyld ⁇ benzoylmethane, 4- ⁇ sopropyl dibenzoylmethane, 3-benzyl ⁇ dene camphor, 3-(4- methylbenzyhdene)
• sunscreens include those selected from the group consisting of 4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)methylammobenzo ⁇ c acid ester of 2,4- dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)methylam ⁇ nobenzo ⁇ c acid ester with 4- hydroxydibenzoylmethane, 4-N,N- (2-ethylhexyl)-methylam ⁇ nobenzo ⁇ c acid ester of 2-hydroxy-4-(2- hydroxyethoxy)benzophenone, 4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)-methylam ⁇ nobenzo ⁇ c acid ester of 4-(2- hydroxyethoxy)d ⁇ benzoylmethane, and mixtures thereof
• SPF Sun Protection Factor
• Hydrocolloids may also be optionally included in the articles of the present invention Hydrocolloids are well known m the art and are helpful m extending the useful life of the surfactants contained in the cleansing component of the present invention such that the articles may last throughout at least one entire showering or bathing experience.
• Suitable hydrocolloids include, but are not limited to, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxylpropyl cellulose, methyl and ethyl cellulose, natural gums, gudras guar gum, bean gum, natural starches, deiomtized starches (e.g., starch octenyl succmate) and the like Exothermic Zeolites
• the articles of the present invention may optionally comprise an aqueous gel, i.e., a "hydrogel", formed from a hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent and water
• an aqueous gel i.e., a "hydrogel”
• the articles preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 100%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, more preferably from about 3% to about 50%, and most preferably from about 5% to about 35%, of a hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent, calculated based on the dry weight of the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent materials of the present invention are at least partially crosslinked polymers prepared from polymerizable, unsaturated acid-containing monomers which are water-soluble or become water-soluble upon hydrolysis
• polymerizable, unsaturated acid-containing monomers which are water-soluble or become water-soluble upon hydrolysis
• monoethylemcally unsaturated compounds having at least one hydrophilic radical including (but not limited to) olefinically unsaturated acids and anhydrides which contain at least one carbon-carbon olefinic double bond.
• water-soluble means that the monomer is soluble in deionized water at 25°C at a level of at least 0.2%, preferably at least 1.0%.
• monomeric units as described above will generally constitute from about 25 mole percent to 99 99 mole percent, more preferably from about 50 mole percent to 99.99 mole percent, most preferably at least about 75 mole percent of the polymeric gelling agent material (dry polymer weight basis), of acid-containing monomers.
• hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent herein is partially crosslinked to a sufficient degree preferably that is high enough such that the resulting polymer does not exhibit a glass transition temperature (Tg) below about 140°C, and accordingly, the term "hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent,” as used herein, shall mean polymers meeting this parameter
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent does not have a Tg below about 180°C, and more preferably does not have a Tg prior to decomposition of the polymer, at temperatures of about 370°C or higher.
• the Tg can be determined by differential scanning calo ⁇ metry (DSC) conducted at a heating rate of 20 0 C°/m ⁇ nute with 5 mg or smaller samples
• the Tg is calculated as the midpoint between the onset and endset of heat flow change co ⁇ esponding to the glass transition on the DSC heat capacity heating curve
• DSC differential scanning calo ⁇ metry
• hydrogel forming polymeric material is characterized as highly absorbent and able to retain water in its absorbed or "gel” state.
• Prefe ⁇ ed hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent hereof will be able to absorb at least about 40 g water (deionized) per gram of gelling agent, preferably at least about 60 g/g, more preferably at least about 80 g/g.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agent hereof will, in general, be at least partially crosslinked.
• Suitable cross-linking agents are well know in the art and include, for example, (1) compounds having at least two polymerizable double bonds, (2) compounds having at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one functional group reactive with the acid-containing monomer material, (3) compounds having at least two functional groups reactive with the acid-containing monomer material; and (4) polyvalent metal compounds which can form ionic cross-linkages.
• Cross-linking agents having at least two polymerizable double bonds include (I) di- or polyvinyl compounds such as divinylbenzene and divmyltoluene; (n) di- or poly-esters of unsaturated mono- or poly- carboxylic acids with polyols including, for example, di- or triacrylic acid esters of polyols such as ethylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerine, or polyoxyethylene glycols; (in) bisacrylamides such as N,N- methylenebisacrylamide, (IV) carbamyl esters that can be obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with hydroxyl group-containing monomers, (v) di- or poly-allyl ethers of polyols, (vi) di- or poly-allyl esters of polycarboxylic acids such as diallyl phthalate, diallyl adipate, and the like, (vn) esters of unsaturated mono- or poly-carboxylic acids with mono-ally
• Cross-linking agents having at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one functional group reactive with the acid-containing monomer material include N-methylol acrylamide, glycidyl acrylate, and the like.
• Suitable cross-linking agents having at least two functional groups reactive with the acid- containing monomer material include glyoxal; polyols such as ethylene glycol and glycerol; polyamines such as alkylene diamines (e.g., ethylene diamine), polyalkylene polyamines, polyepoxides, di- or polyglycidyl ethers and the like.
• Suitable polyvalent metal cross-link g agents which can form ionic cross- linkages include oxides, hydroxides and weak acid salts (e.g., carbonate, acetate and the like) of alkaline earth metals (e.g , calcium, magnesium) and zinc, including, for example, calcium oxide and zinc diacetate
• alkaline earth metals e.g , calcium, magnesium
• zinc including, for example, calcium oxide and zinc diacetate
• Prefe ⁇ ed cross-linking agents include the di- or polyesters of unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids mono-allyl esters of polyols, the bisacrylamides, and the di- or tri-allyl amines.
• Specific examples of especially prefe ⁇ ed cross-linking agents include N,N'- methylenebisacrylamide and trimethylol propane triacrylate.
• the cross-linking agent will generally constitute from about 0.001 mole percent to 5 mole percent of the resulting hydrogel-forming polymeric material. More generally, the cross-linking agent will constitute from about 0.01 mole percent to 3 mole percent of the hydrogel-forming polymeric gelling agent used herein.
• the hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents hereof may be employed in their partially neutralized form.
• such materials are considered partially neutralized when at least 25 mole percent, and preferably at least 50 mole percent of monomers used to form the polymer are acid group-containing monomers which have been neutralized with a base.
• Suitable neutralizing bases cations include hydroxides of alkali and alkaline earth metal (e.g. KOH, NaOH), ammonium, substituted ammonium, and amines such as amino alcohols (e.g., 2-amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol, diethanolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol.
• This percentage of the total monomers utilized which are neutralized acid group-containing monomers is refe ⁇ ed to herein as the "degree of neutralization.” The degree of neutralization will preferably not exceed 98%.
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents suitable for use herein are well known in the art, and are described, for example, in U. S. Patent 4,076,663, Masuda et al., issued February 28, 1978; U. S. Patent 4,062,817, Westerman, issued December 13, 1977; U. S. Patent 4,286,082, Tsubakimoto et al., issued August 25, 1981; U. S. Patent 5,061,259, Goldman et al., issued October 29, 1991, and U. S. Patent 4,654,039, Brandt et al., issued March 31, 1987 each of which is inco ⁇ orated herein in its entirety.
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents suitable for use herein are also described in U. S. Patent 4,731,067, Le-Khac, issued March 15, 1988, U. S. Patent 4,743,244, Le-Khac, issued May 10, 1988, U. S. Patent 4,813,945, Le-Khac, issued March 21, 1989, U. S. Patent 4,880,868, Le-Khac, issued November 14, 1989, U. S. Patent 4,892,533, Le-Khac, issued January 9, 1990, U. S. Patent 5,026,784, Le- Khac, issued June 25, 1991, U. S. Patent 5,079,306, Le-Khac, issued January 7, 1992, U. S. Patent 5,151,465, Le-Khac, issued September 29, 1992, U. S.
• Patent 4,861,539, Allen, Fa ⁇ er, and Flesher issued August 29, 1989, and U. S. Patent 4,962,172, Allen, Fa ⁇ er, and Flesher, issued October 9, 1990, each of which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety.
• Suitable hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents in the form of particles are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Co ⁇ oration, Portsmouth, VA, USA (SanwetTM Superabsorbent Polymers) Nippon Shokubai, Japan (AqualicTM, e.g., L-75, L-76) and Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA (Dry TechTM).
• Hydrogel forming polymeric gelling agents in the form of fibers are commercially available from Camelot Technologies Inc., Leominster, MA, USA (FibersorbTM, e.g., SA 7200H, SA 7200M, SA 7000L, SA 7000, and SA 7300).
• the articles of the present invention may also contain other hydrophilic gelling agents These include carboxylic acid-containing polymers as otherwise described above, except which have relatively lower degrees of crosslinking, such that they exhibit a Tg below 140°C, as well as a variety of other water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers, such as cellulose ethers (e.g hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum and xanthan gum.
• cellulose ethers e.g hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose
• polyvinylpyrrolidone polyvinylalcohol
• guar gum hydroxypropyl guar gum and xanthan gum.
• Prefe ⁇ ed among these additional hydrophilic gelling agents are the acid-containing polymers, particularly carboxylic acid-containing polymers Especially prefe ⁇ ed are those that comprise water-soluble polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with a polyalkenyl polyether of a polyhydric alcohol, and optionally an acrylate ester or a polyfunctional vinyhdene monomer
• Prefe ⁇ ed copolymers useful in the present invention are polymers of a monomeric mixture containing 95 to 99 weight percent of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic, methacrylic and ethacrylic acids; about 1 to about 3.5 weight percent of an acrylate ester of the formula wherein R is an alkyl radical containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms and R j is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; and 0.1 to 0.6 weight percent of a polymerizable cross-linking polyalkenyl polyether of a polyhydric alcohol containing more than one al
• these polymers contain from about 96 to about 97 9 weight percent of acrylic acid and from about 2.5 to about 3.5 weight percent of acrylic esters wherein the alkyl group contains 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and R j is methyl, most preferably the acrylate ester is stearyl methacrylate.
• the amount of crosslinking polyalkenyl polyether monomer is from about 0.2 to 0.4 weight percent
• the prefe ⁇ ed crosslinking polyalkenyl polyether monomers are allyl pentaerythntol, tnmethylolpropane diallylether or allyl sucrose These polymers are fully desc ⁇ bed in U. S Patent No 4,509,949, to Huang et al., issued April 5, 1985, this patent being inco ⁇ orated herein by reference
• prefe ⁇ ed copolymers useful in the present invention are the polymers which contain at least two monomeric ingredients, one being a monomeric olefinically-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and the other being a polyalkenyl, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol. Additional monomeric materials may be present in the monomeric mixture if desired, even in predominant proportion
• the first monomeric ingredient useful in the production of these carboxylic polymers are the olefinically-unsaturated carboxylic acids containing at least one activated carbon-to-carbon olefinic double bond, and at least one carboxyl group.
• the additional monomeric materials which may be present in the polymers include polyfunctional vmylidene monomers containing at least two terminal CH2 ⁇ groups, including for example, butadiene, isoprene, divinyl benzene, divinyl naphthlene, allyl acrylates, and the like These polymers are fully described in U S Patent No 2,798,053, to Brown, issued July 2, 1957, which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference m its entirety
• Examples of carboxylic acid copolymers useful in the present invention include Carbomer 934,
• Other carboxylic acid copolymers useful in the present invention include sodium salts of acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymers sold by the Hoechst Celanese Co ⁇ oration under the trademark of Hostaceren PN73
• hydrogel polymers sold by Lipo Chemicals Inc under the trademark of HYP AN hydrogels These hydrogels consist of crystalline p cks of nitrates on a C-C backbone with various other pendant groups such as carboxyls,
• Neutralizing agents for use in neutralizing the acidic groups of these polymers include those previously described Cationic Surfactants
• Cationic surfactants are typically categorized as non-lathering surfactants but may be used in the articles of the present invention provided they do not negatively impact the desired benefits of the articles
• Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful herein are disclosed in McCutcheon s, Detergents and Emulsifiers. North Ame ⁇ can edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Co ⁇ oration, and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials, North American Edition (1992), both of which are inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in their entirety
• Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful herein include cationic alkyl ammonium salts such as those having the formula
• aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, R , R , and R are independently
• alkyl groups can also contain ether linkages, or hydroxy or amino group substituents (e g , the alkyl groups can contain polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol moieties)
• R j is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms
• R2 is selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms
• R3 and R4 are independently selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms
• X is as described the previous paragraph
• Ri is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, R2, R3, and
• R4 are selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and X is as desc ⁇ bed previously
• cationic surfactants include ammo-amides, wherein in the above structure Ri is alternatively R5CO-(CH2) n -, wherein R5 is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about
• Nonlimiting examples of these cationic emulsifiers include stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof
• Nonlimiting examples of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of cetyl ammonium chloride, cetyl ammonium bromide, lauryl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium bromide, stearyl ammonium chloride, stearyl ammonium bromide, cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl ammonium bromide, stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chlo ⁇ de, stearyl t ⁇ methyl ammonium bromide, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl cetyl
• Prefe ⁇ ed cationic surfactants useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chlo ⁇ de, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimy ⁇ styl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof Chelators
• the articles of the present invention may also comprise a safe and effective amount of a chelator or chelating agent
• chelator or “chelating agent” means an active agent capable of removing a metal ion from a system by forming a complex so that the metal ion cannot readily participate in or catalyze chemical reactions
• the inclusion of a chelating agent is especially useful for providing protection against UV radiation that can contribute to excessive scaling or skin texture changes and against other environmental agents, which can cause skin damage
• a safe and effective amount of a chelating agent may be added to the compositions of the subject invention, preferably from about 0 1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, of the composition
• Exemplary chelators that are useful herein are disclosed in U S Patent No 5,487,884, issued 1/30/96 to Bissett et al , International Publication No 91/16035, Bush et al , published 10/31/95, and International Publication No 91/16034, Bush et al , published 10/31/95
• Prefe ⁇ ed chelators useful m compositions of the subject invention are furildioxime and derivatives thereof Flavonoids
• Flavonoids are broadly disclosed in U S Patents 5,686,082 and 5,686,367, both of which are herein inco ⁇ orated by reference.
• Flavonoids suitable for use in the present invention are flavanones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted flavanones, mono-substituted flavanones, and mixtures thereof, chalcones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted chalcones, mono-substituted chalcones, di-substituted chalcones, t ⁇ -substituted chalcones, and mixtures thereof; flavones selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted flavones, mono-substituted flavones, di-substituted flavones, and mixtures thereof; one or more isoflavones; coumarins selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted coumarin
• substituted means flavonoids wherein one or more hydrogen atom of the flavonoid has been independently replaced with hydroxyl, C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxyl, O-glycoside, and the like or a mixture of these substituents
• suitable flavonoids include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted flavanone, monohydroxy flavanones (e.g., 2'-hydroxy flavanone, 6-hydroxy flavanone, 7-hydroxy flavanone, etc.), mono- alkoxy flavanones (e.g , 5-methoxy flavanone, 6-methoxy flavanone, 7-methoxy flavanone, 4'-methoxy flavanone, etc ), unsubstituted chalcone (especially unsubstituted trans-chalcone), mono-hydroxy chalcones (e.g., 2'-hydroxy chalcone, 4'-hydroxy chalcone, etc ), di-hydroxy chalcones (e.g., 2', 4-dihydroxy chalcone, 2',4'-d ⁇ hydroxy chalcone, 2,2'-d ⁇ hydroxy chalcone, 2',3-d ⁇ hydroxy chalcone, 2',5'-d ⁇ hydroxy chalcone, etc ), and
• Prefe ⁇ ed for use herein are unsubstituted flavanone, methoxy flavanones, unsubstituted chalcone, 2', 4-dihydroxy chalcone, and mixtures thereof. Most prefe ⁇ ed are unsubstituted flavanone, unsubstituted chalcone (especially the trans isomer), and mixtures thereof
• Flavonoid compounds useful herein are commercially available from a number of sources, e.g , Indofme Chemical Company, Inc. (Somerville, New Jersey), Steraloids, Inc (Wilton, New Hampshire), and Aldnch Chemical Company, Inc. (Milwaukee, Wisconsin). Mixtures of the above flavonoid compounds may also be used.
• the herein described flavonoid compounds are preferably present in the instant invention at concentrations of from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and most preferably from about 0 5% to about 5% Sterols
• the articles of the present invention may comprise a safe and effective amount of one or more sterol compounds
• useful sterol compounds include sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol, lanosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, and mixtures thereof These can be synthetic in origin or from natural sources, e.g , blends extracted from plant sources (e.g , phytosterols).
• the articles of the present invention may also comprise a safe and effective amount of an anti- celluhte agent.
• Suitable agents may include, but are not limited to, xanth e compounds (e.g., caffeine, theophylhne, theobromine, and aminophylline).
• the articles of the present invention may comprise a skin lightening agent
• the compositions preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, also preferably from about 0 5% to about 2%, by weight of the composition, of a skin lightening agent.
• Suitable skin lightening agents include those known in the art, including kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid and denvatives thereof, e g , magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or sodium ascorbyl phosphate or other salts of ascorbyl phosphate.
• Skin lightening agents suitable for use herein also include those desc ⁇ bed in copending patent application Serial No.
• the articles of the present invention may optionally comprise binders. Binders or binding materials are useful for sealing the various layers of the present articles to one another thereby maintaining the integrity of the article.
• the binders may be in a variety of forms including, but not limited to, spray on, webs, separate layers, binding fibers, etc. Suitable binders may comprise latexes, polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins and combinations thereof. Additional Layers
• the article of the present invention may comprise one or more additional layers which one having ordinary skill in the art would recognize as separate and distinct from the first and second layers yet which are attached to the two layers at some point.
• the additional layers are suitable for enhancing the overall gnppability of the side of the article closest to the hand or other means for exerting mechanical action on the surface to be cleansed.
• the additional layers are suitable for enhancing the soft feel of the side of the article which contacts the area to be cleansed and/or therapeutically treated In any instance, these additional layers may also be refe ⁇ ed to as consecutively numbered layers in addition to the two essential layers of the articles of the present invention, e.g., third layer, fourth layer, etc..
• Suitable additional layers may be macroscopically expanded
• "macroscopically expanded refers to webs, ribbons, and films which have been caused to conform to the surface of a three- dimensional forming structure so that both surfaces thereof exhibit a three-dimensional forming pattern of surface abe ⁇ ations co ⁇ esponding to the macroscopic cross-section of the forming structure, wherein the surface abe ⁇ ations comprising the pattern are individually discernible to the normal naked eye (i.e., normal naked eye having 20/20 vision) when the pe ⁇ endicular distance between the viewer's eye and the plane of the web is about 12 inches.
• normal naked eye i.e., normal naked eye having 20/20 vision
• embssed it is meant that the forming structure of the material exhibits a pattern comprised primarily of male projections.
• debossed refers to when the forming structure of the material exhibits a pattern comprised primarily of female capillary networks
• Prefe ⁇ ed macroscopically expanded films comprise formed films which are structural elastic-like films These films are described in U. S. Patent No. 5,554,145, issued September 10, 1996, to Roe et al., which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety
• Materials suitable for use in the additional layer having a thickness of at least one millimeter include, but are not limited to, those web materials disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 5,518,801, issued to Chappell et al. on May 21, 1996, which is inco ⁇ orated by reference herein in its entirety METHODS OF MANUFACTURE
• the personal care articles of the present invention are manufactured by adding the cleansing component and/or therapeutic benefit component to the appropriate sheet of the first layer or second layer via a conventional method which may include, but is not limited to, sprinkling, dip coating, spraying, slot coating, and roll transfer (e.g., pressure roll or kiss roll)
• a conventional method which may include, but is not limited to, sprinkling, dip coating, spraying, slot coating, and roll transfer (e.g., pressure roll or kiss roll)
• the sheet of the remaining layer is then placed on the sheet of the first layer, preferably, but not always, over the cleansing component and/or therapeutic benefit component.
• the sheets are sealed together by a conventional sealing method which may include, but is not limited to, heat, pressure, glue, ultrasound, etc.
• Heat sealing devices vary in design, and where a seal may not be able to be effected an inte ⁇ osing layer of a low-melting heat-sealable fibrous web such as the polyamide fibrous web known as Wonder Under (manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL) may be used between layers for this and other examples without changing the effect or utility of the articles.
• the sealed sheets are then partitioned into units for the consumer's use.
• Optional manufacturing steps may include calendaring to flatten the article, drying, creping, shrinking, stretching, or otherwise mechanically deforming.
• the present invention also relates to a method of cleansing the skin or hair with a personal care article of the present invention.
• These methods comprise the steps of: a) wetting with water a substantially dry, disposable personal care article suitable for cleansing, said article comprising a water insoluble substrate comprising a soft first layer which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of less than about 17% and an exfoliating second layer which is disposed adjacent to said first layer, wherein said second layer exhibits a which exhibits a Total Scratch Coverage Value of from about 17% to about 70%, and a cleansing component disposed adjacent to said first and second layers, wherein said component comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a lathering surfactant and b) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted article
• the present invention relates to a method of cleansing the skin and hair which comprise the steps of a) wetting a substantially dry, disposable personal care article suitable for cleansing, said article comprising a water insoluble substrate comprising a
• the present invention is useful for delivering a therapeutic benefit component to the area in need of treatment (e g , skin, hair, etc ) wherein the method comprises the additional steps of A) wetting with water a substantially dry, disposable personal care article as described in the previous paragraph, and 2) a therapeutic benefit component, disposed adjacent to said water insoluble substrate, wherein said component comprises from about 10% to about 1000%, by weight of the water insoluble substrate, of a therapeutic benefit agent, and B) contacting the skin or hair with the wetted article
• the articles of the present invention are water-activated and are therefore intended to be wetted with water prior to use
• water-activated means that the present invention is presented to the consumer in dry form to be used after wetting with water
• Example 1 Prepare a representative cleansing component for the articles of the present invention in the following manner.
• a representative powdery cleansing component for the articles of the present invention is prepared in the following manner.
• a representative powdery cleansing component for the articles of the present invention is prepared in the following manner.
• Distinguishing characteristics of this composition are its non-i ⁇ itating properties to skin and eyes
• the mixture is mild for use on sensitive skin.
• the cleansing component advantageously is easy to process with substrate layers and requires no further drying
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids Melt the ethylene vinyl acetate polymer into the SEFA cottonate at 90 degrees Celsius and high shear mix Add the surfactant powders and citric acid and mix Add the silicone polymer microbeads, mix, and cool to set The composition is remeltable and easy impregnates into or coat onto cloths.
• Example 16 Prepare a representative cleansing component which includes the following components
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids ⁇ amplex TNP, Hampshire Chemical Co.
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids
• Example 43 Glycerin inco ⁇ orated into microspheres, then blended into molten lipid phase and cooled for storage or applied to substrate.
• Epomin SP-018 available as Epomin SP-018 from Nippon Shokubai Co.
• SEFA sucrose esters of fatty acids
• Epomin SP-018 molecular weight about 1800, from Nippon Shokubai Co.
• Example 11 Prepare a representative skin cleansing article in the following manner Four grams of the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-meltmg heat-sealable polyamide fibers
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H Levinson & Co , Chicago, IL
• the cleansing component is applied to an oval area approximately 13 cm by 18 cm
• the cleansing component is air dried
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped
• the thickness of the batting is about 0 23 in measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 44 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded comers, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article
• Example 34 Prepares a representative skin cleansing and conditioning article in the following manner Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 34 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 75. The composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 78 Prepare a representative skin cleansing and conditioning article in the following manner.
• Example 18 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 18 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 75.
• the composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article
• Example 65 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 65 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 75.
• the composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 81 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 34 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 76 The composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 81 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 34 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 76 The composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 81 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 34 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 76 The composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 18 Three grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 18 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 76.
• the composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article
• Example 65 Three grams of the sk conditioning composition of Example 65 is applied, half to each side, of the finished article of Example 76
• the composition is applied by slot coating the composition as a hot liquid (60-70°C) to the article surfaces evenly, half of the composition on each side of the article.
• Example 11 Prepare a representative skin cleansing article the following manner
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4 4 grams of cleansing component per finished article
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm m diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded comers.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded comers.
• Example 12 Four grams of the cleansing component of Example 12 is applied to one side of a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable polyamide fibers.
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL.
• the cleansing component is applied to an oval area approximately 13 cm by 18 cm
• the cleansing component is air dried.
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting has an air permeability of about 1270 cfm/ft 2 and a foam permeability critical pressure of about 2.7 cm H 2 0.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive.
• a layer of a nonwoven is placed under the fusible web to form the second side of the article.
• the nonwoven is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the shape of the article is about 122 mm x 160 mm oval
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds in a grid pattern with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 4 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed and ready for use
• a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable fibers m four quadrants forming a rectangle about 10 inches by 12 inches, leaving space at the edge and between quadrants to seal layers without the presence of surfactant.
• the permeable web is a fibrous, low density polyethylene (LDPE or LLDPE) material commonly available from sewing supply distributors.
• LDPE low density polyethylene
• a layer of 4 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 4 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of polyester fibers of about 30 microns average diameter and is adhesive bonded, available for example as Mountain Mist Extra Heavy Batting #205 from Stearns Textiles, Cincinnati, OH.
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm
• a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable fibers.
• the permeable web is Wonder Under manufactured by Pellon, available from H. Levinson & Co., Chicago, IL.
• the powder is sprinkled evenly over an oval area approximately 17 cm by 19 cm.
• a layer of 2 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in.
• a second nonwoven layer is prepared which is hydroapertured, comprising polyester fibers of about 10 microns diameter and containing within it an interlaced polypropylene scrim having a fiber diameter about 150 microns, laced at about 0.8 cm intervals.
• the second layer is cut larger than the required article dimensions and placed in a convection oven at a temperature of about 150 degrees Celsius for about 10 minutes, until the X- and Y-dimensions of the layer have shrunk to about 70 percent of their original size and the layer has a macroscopic thickness of about 0.12 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the layer has a macroscopic average basis weight of about 64 gsm before shrinking, and apertures measuring about 0.5 mm average diameter.
• the second layer is placed under the fusible web and the layers are sealed together using point bonds and also a 2 mm wide seal around the perimeter with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 3 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed, and 2.5 grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 25 is applied to the lofty batting side of the article by feeding the composition through a slotted rolling device with a machined 1.5 mm gap and a feed reservoir held at about 60°C The composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• Liquid cleansing component is applied to one side of a first substrate by coating with a brush until 2 grams of solid cleansing component has been applied, in a windowpane design avoiding the edges and the sealing loci.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the substrates are air dried in a convection oven at 45°C for about 6 hours or until dry to the touch.
• a second substrate which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is placed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ ,
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• Example 7 Prepare representative skin cleansing and conditioning articles with the liquid cleansing components of Example 7 and the skin conditioning compositions of Examples 19 through 24 in the following manner.
• Four strips of the liquid cleansing component are extruded continuously on a moving first web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the liquid cleansing component is heated to melting point and held in a reservoir at about 65°C and fed by pump to an extrusion head which continuously meters 4 cylindrical strands onto the web at even spacing across the web, to achieve a final add-on rate of about 5 grams of composition per finished article.
• a second web which is a microapertured and macroapertured formed film which is the formed film of U.S Patent No. 4,629,643 is continuously fed onto the first web, macroapertured male side towards the batting and cleansing component
• the skin conditioning composition is slot coated evenly onto the exposed batting surface at a rate of 3 grams of composition per finished article while hot, cooling on the article surface to solidify.
• the webs are continuously sealed and cut into 120mm by 160 mm rectangles with rounded comers using a heated metal roll and a pressure roll applied against the formed film side.
• the articles are packaged until ready for use.
• Example 6 and the skin conditioning compositions of Examples 56, 57 and 58 in the following manner.
• Liquid cleansing component is applied to one side of a first substrate by coating with a brush until 2 grams of solid surfactant has been applied, in a windowpane design avoiding the edges and the sealing loci.
• the substrate is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%..
• a second substrate which is a high wet strength, adhesive bonded cellulose paper towel with good loft and a basis weight of about 53 gsm is placed over the cleansing component exposed side of the batting
• a useful towel is available from The Procter & Gamble Company and marketed as Bounty Rinse & Reuse ®, which retains its Z-direction height when wet, and which has a thickness of about 0.047 inches at 5 gsi and a Loft/Soft ratio of about 1.28.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to form an adequate seal.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• the article is trimmed, and 1.5 grams of skin conditioning composition is applied to the lofty batting side of the article by feeding the composition through a slotted rolling device with a machined 1.5 mm gap and a feed reservoir held at about 60°C The composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• the cleansing component of Example 12 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it m contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the skin conditioning liquid of Example 53 is sprayed onto the web at a rate of about 25 gsm per side, or about 0 5 grams of composition per finished article.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners and packaged until ready for use.
• Example 2 Prepare representative skin cleansing and conditioning articles in the following manner, utilizing the skin conditioning compositions of Examples 54 and 55.
• the low water activity cleansing component of Example 2 is three-roll nulled with aluminosihcate
• the cleansing component is applied to one side of a layer of batting.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• a second nonwoven layer is prepared which is hydroapertured, comprising polyester fibers of about 10 microns diameter and containing within it an interlaced scrim having a fiber diameters about 100 microns running across the width of the nonwoven and about 250 microns orthogonal to the width, laced (bonded) at about 1 cm intervals.
• Such a scrim is available from Conwed plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• the second nonwoven has a basis weight of about 70 gsm, and is slightly creped due to web tension during manufacture of the nonwoven, and subsequent relaxation of the tension.
• the layers are sealed together using point bonds and also a 2 mm wide seal around the perimeter with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA.
• the point bonds measure about 3 mm diameter each and there are about 51 individual sealing points evenly spaced.
• the article is trimmed, and 4 grams of skin conditioning composition is applied to the lofty batting side of the article by feeding the composition through a slotted rolling device with a machined 1 5 mm gap and a feed reservoir held at about 60°C The composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped
• the thickness of the batting is about 0 23 m measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed over the cleansing component coated side of the batting
• the layers are sealed together using interlocking sealing plates using an unheated plate having inverted thimble-shaped reservoirs spaced evenly in a hexagonal grid pattern
• the thimble shaped reservoirs are about 1 2 cm diameter at the base and are spaced about 2
• Example 117 Prepare a representative skin cleansing and conditioning article in the following manner
• Example 10 cleansing component Eight grams of the liquid cleansing component of Example 10 cleansing component is applied by brush to one side of a permeable, fusible web comprised of low-melting heat-sealable fibers in four quadrants forming a rectangle about 10 inches by 12 inches, leaving space at the edge and between quadrants to seal layers without the presence of cleansing component
• the permeable web is a fibrous, low density polyethylene (LDPE or LLDPE) material commonly available from sewing supply distributors
• the composition is dried A layer of 4 oz/sq yd polyester batting cut to the same size as the web is placed over the fusible web
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 4 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of polyester fibers of about 30 microns average diameter and is adhesive bonded, available for example as Mountain Mist Extra Heavy Batting #205 from Steams Textiles, Cincinnati, OH.
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed under the fusible web.
• the layers are sealed together in a rectangular windowpane shape with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure- platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 370 degrees Fahrenheit and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• Five grams of the conditioning composition of Example 64 is brush applied to the article, half to each side, and the article is again dried. The article is trimmed, the corners rounded and it is stored until ready for use.
• Example 118 - 119 Prepare representative skin cleansing and conditioning articles utilizing the skin conditioning compositions of Examples 66 and 67 in the following manner.
• the liquid cleansing component of Example 15 is applied to a first substrate by dipping a 120 mm by 160 mm section of the substrate in a bath of the composition until it has increased its weight by about 8 grams.
• the substrate is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the substrate is dried.
• a piece of a second substrate which is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive and hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter, having a basis weight of about 70 gsm is placed over the first substrate.
• the substrates are sealed together using an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the article.
• Four grams of skin conditioning composition is applied evenly over both sides of the article by feeding the composition through a slotted rolling device with a machined 1.5 mm gap and a feed reservoir held at about 60°C The composition quickly cools on the article surface and is stored in a sealed, metallized film package until ready for use.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density polyester batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant -containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning composition is slot coated from a hot reservoir pumped through a slot dye onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 3 grams of skin conditioning composition per finished article (about 140 gsm add-on per side), and passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded comers.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4.4 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning composition is slot coated from a hot reservoir pumped through a slot dye onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 3 grams of skin conditioning composition per finished article (about 140 gsm add-on per side), and passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces.
• the slot coating reservoir is continuously mixed to maintain stability of the emulsion.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded comers.
• a first substrate and a second substrate are cut to about 12 inch by 9 inch rectangles.
• the first substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the second substrate is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped. The thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the substrates are sealed together in a windowpane design with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 370 degrees Fahrenheit and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width. After cooling the article is trimmed to about 11 inches by 8.5 inches, and 10 grams of skin cleansing and conditioning composition is brushed onto the outer surfaces of both sides, about half the composition per side. The composition is dried and the article is stored until ready for use.
• Examples 148-149 Prepare representative skin cleansing and conditioning articles utilizing the skin cleansing and conditioning compositions of Examples 72 and 73 in the following manner.
• a first substrate and a second substrate are cut to about 12 inch by 9 inch rectangles.
• the first substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the second substrate is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped. The thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the substrates are sealed together in a windowpane design with a heat sealing die utilizing a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA with sufficient temperature and pressure to cause the batting to melt and flow into the first layer and hence form an adequate seal, usually about 370 degrees Fahrenheit and 30 psi machine pressure sealing for 6-10 seconds is sufficient.
• the seal is continuous around the edges and has a single windowpane cross-member in each X- and Y-direction measuring about 2 mm width.
• the article After cooling the article is trimmed to about 11 inches by 8.5 inches, and 8 grams of skin cleansing and conditioning composition is slot coated onto the articles, 4 grams per side evenly distributed on the article surfaces using an X-Y table, which is a programmable controlled metering system comprising a heated reservoir maintained at about 70°C, a pump, an on-off valve, a slot head and a motorized X-Y coordinate control system for the coating head
• the composition cools quickly on the surface of the articles.
• the articles are packaged until ready for use
• Examples 150-152 Prepare a representative skin cleansing and conditioning article in the following manner. Prepare liquid cleansing components which include the following components.
• the cleansing components are applied to one side of a first substrate by brushing onto one side of the substrate until 10 grams of composition have been added to a 11 inch by 8.5 inch section
• the substrate is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the first substrate is dried.
• a second substrate is laminated to the untreated side of the first substrate using an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web at 2 cm intervals.
• the second substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• the skin conditioning composition of Example 19 is slot coated evenly onto entire surface of the second substrate at a rate of about 3 grams of composition per article, allowed to cool, and packaged until ready for use.
• the article confers sustained antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activity against both gram negative and gram positive microorganisms, lathers well, and is relatively mild to the skin.
• Example 153 Prepare a representative skin cleansing and conditioning article in the following manner.
• the batting is a 4 oz sq yd polyester batting cut to a size of 130 mm by 175 mm, comprising polyester fibers of about 30 microns average diameter and is adhesive bonded, available for example as Mountain Mist Extra Heavy Batting #205 from Steams Textiles, Cincinnati, OH.
• a layer of fibrous nonwoven which is a hydroentangled blend of 55% cellulose and 45% polyester having a basis weight of about 65 gsm (available as Technicloth II from The Texwipe Company, Saddle River, NJ) is placed over the surfactant coated side of the batting.
• the layers are sealed together using interlocking sealing plates using an unheated plate having inverted thimble-shaped reservoirs spaced evenly in a hexagonal grid pattern.
• the thimble shaped reservoirs are about 1.2 cm diameter at the base and are spaced about 1.5 cm apart, center- to-center.
• the land area between the dimples on the unheated plate is convex upwards by several mm, forming an interconnected ridge.
• the heated plate has an external trough which fits precisely onto the ridge of the unheated plate.
• the heated plate contacts the cellulose/polyester substrate and a heat seal is effected using a pressure-platen heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA.
• the resulting unfinished article has topographical features on both sides, assisting lather generation and also making it easy to grip and slide across the skin surface during use.
• the article is cut into a rectangle about 120 mm by 160 mm.
• a skin conditioning inverse emulsion paste is prepared for use with the article, as follows:
• the lipid soluble ingredients are heated to 70°C while stirring. Glycerin is slowly added with vigorous sti ⁇ ing. The composition is homogenized. Three grams of the skin conditioning inverse emulsion paste is pipetted hot into the depressed zones on the cellulose/polyester side of the article. The composition quickly cools to a semi-solid paste. The article is packaged until ready for use.
• the conditioning composition is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four strips, each 5 mm wide, separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 3 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning composition.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded comers, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article.
• the conditioning composition is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four strips, each 5 mm wide, separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 1.1 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning composition.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0 23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded comers, which has a total of about 51 sealing points per article
• the article is convenient for application to smaller areas of skin, for example the face, elbows, neck and/or feet.
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 0.40 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it in contact with the second substrate.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded comers
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 0.52 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene- butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm
• a second substrate web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant layer
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in measured at 5 gsi
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%
• a third substrate web which is the same as the second substrate web is continuously fed over the second substrate web placing it m contact with the second substrate The webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• Skin conditioning composition is slot coated from a hot reservoir pumped through a slot dye onto both sides of the substrate web at a rate equal to 1.25 grams of skin conditioning composition per finished article (about 55 gsm add-on per side), and passed across a cooling fan so the composition cools quickly on the article outer surfaces
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 90 mm rectangles with rounded corners
• a skin cleansing article is prepared
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 44 grams of cleansing component per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm.
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the surfactant-containing layer.
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive and has a Total Scratch Coverage of about 22%.
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web.
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 480 mm rectangles with rounded comers.
• a skin conditioning article is prepared.
• the conditioning composition of Example 34 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four st ⁇ ps, each 5 mm wide, separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web.
• the composition is extruded at a rate to yield 3 grams of composition per finished article.
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it in contact with the first substrate on the side containing no skin conditioning composition
• the batting comprises a blend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers with PET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the same core-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter (gsm)
• the webs are continuously fed to an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4 mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the web
• the web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 160 mm rectangles with rounded comers,
• a skin cleansing article is prepared
• the cleansing component of Example 11 is applied to one side of a first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously in four lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm respectively, measuring widthwise across the web, making a pair of parallel lines on each side of the web
• the cleansing component is extruded at a rate to yield 4 4 grams of cleansing component per finished article
• the substrate is a spunlace blend of 70% rayon and 30% PET fibers, bonded with a styrene-butadiene adhesive, which is hydroapertured to form holes about 2 mm in diameter and having a basis weight of about 70 gsm
• a second web which is an airlaid, lofty, low density batting is continuously fed over the first substrate placing it m contact with the surfactant layer
• the polyester batting has a basis weight of 2 oz/yd 2 and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least
• a skin conditioning article is prepared
• a substrate is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having softer, finer denier fibers on one side and coarser fibers on the second side
• the substrate is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 10 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 20 gsm
• a web of polypropylene scrim having a diameter about 100 microns, laced at about 0 8 cm intervals is fed over the fibrous webs continuously as a third web
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 20 gsm each on top of the web
• the webs are hydroentangled and to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free and about 20% shrinkage due to relaxation of the scrim has occu ⁇ ed
• a low T g (about 5°C) waterborne acrylic adhesive copolymer is added to the coarse fiber side of the web by kiss roll application at
• the skin conditioning composition of Example 21 is continuously added to the web by slot coating the composition evenly across both sides of the web at a rate of about 25 gsm on each side.
• the substrate web is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm x 100 mm rectangles with rounded comers using a hot cutting roll causing the scrim fibers to shrink back slightly from the edge of the article as they are cut.
• the skin cleansing article and the skin conditioning article are packaged together in a single package.
• Example 172 Prepare a representative skm cleansing and conditioning article the following manner
• a first side is prepared
• a first layer of the first side is prepared which is a polyester batting having a basis weight of 2 ozly ⁇ and is comprised of a blend of fibers of about 23 microns and 40 microns average diameter, at least some of which are crimped.
• the thickness of the batting is about 0.23 in. measured at 5 gsi.
• the batting has an air permeability of about 1270 cfm/ft ⁇ and a foam permeability critical pressure of about 2.7 cm H2O. The batting is believed to be heat-bonded, utilizing no adhesive.
• a second layer of the first side is prepared which is a 10 inch square sheet of microapertured 100 mesh formed film prepared by forming hydroapertures at high pressure on a drum comprising a 100 mesh forming screen (e.g., as disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 4,629,643).
• the sheet is laid on the first layer with the male apertured side facing up.
• Twenty-five grams of the skin cleansing composition of Example 1 is placed on the center of the first side.
• the composition is slightly flattened, shaped to be about V ⁇ inch thick and several inches in diameter.
• a layer of an impermeable polyethylene film is placed across the composition, measuring the same 10 inch square dimension as the first layer.
• Example 63 Twenty-five grams of the skin conditioning composition of Example 63 is shaped the same as the cleansing composition, and placed on top of the film in the same x-y position as the surfactant.
• a layer of a microapertured and macroapertured formed film which (also disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 4,629,643) is placed with the male side of the macroapertures facing towards the composition and the male side of the microapertures facing up.
• the layer is also cut to a 10 inch square.
• a last layer is prepared which is a hydroentangled blend of fibers, having soft, fine denier fibers
• the layer is prepared by airlaying two webs comprising 3 denier polyester (PET) fibers, one web on top of the other, each having a basis weight of about 17 gsm.
• PET denier polyester
• Such a web is available from Conwed Plastics, Minneapolis, MN.
• Fourth and fifth webs comprising 3 denier polyester fibers are airlaid at about 17 gsm each on top of the web
• the webs are hydroentangled to fix them into a single web unit, and dried on drying cans until moisture free.
• the web is creped due to web tension during the hydroentangling and drying process and subsequent relaxation after processing.
• a piece of the layer is cut to a size of about 10 inches by 10 inches and placed over the top of the other layers.
• the layers are sealed together with a pressure-platen type heat sealing device such as a Sentinel Model 808 heat sealer available from Senco ⁇ , Hyannis, MA.
• a recessed (unheated) bottom plate is used which is shaped to contain the composition, and a recessed (heated) top plate which matches the bottom plate around the circular sealing rim is used to effect a heat seal.
• Typical sealing conditions are 300° C for about 3.5 seconds dwell time with a supply pressure of about 30 psig to the machine, but will vary according to the sealing apparatus used.
• the article is trimmed and packaged until ready for use.

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• 2000
  • 2000-08-01 JP JP2001513385A patent/JP2003505494A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-08-01 WO PCT/US2000/020987 patent/WO2001008655A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-08-01 AU AU65087/00A patent/AU776419B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-08-01 CA CA002380089A patent/CA2380089A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-08-01 EP EP00952375A patent/EP1202707A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-08-01 CZ CZ2002272A patent/CZ2002272A3/cs unknown
  • 2000-08-01 MX MXPA02001303A patent/MXPA02001303A/es unknown
  • 2000-08-01 BR BR0012924-0A patent/BR0012924A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-08-01 KR KR10-2002-7001473A patent/KR100447278B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-08-01 CN CN00813792A patent/CN1377255A/zh active Pending

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