EP1202322A1 - Capteur pour détecter des particules neutres, en particulier des neutrons, avec un boítier rempli de gaz - Google Patents

Capteur pour détecter des particules neutres, en particulier des neutrons, avec un boítier rempli de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1202322A1
EP1202322A1 EP00122360A EP00122360A EP1202322A1 EP 1202322 A1 EP1202322 A1 EP 1202322A1 EP 00122360 A EP00122360 A EP 00122360A EP 00122360 A EP00122360 A EP 00122360A EP 1202322 A1 EP1202322 A1 EP 1202322A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
converter
detector
layer
electrically
charged particles
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EP00122360A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1202322B1 (fr
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Martin Dr. Klein
Christian Dr. Schmidt
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Universitaet Heidelberg
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Universitaet Heidelberg
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Priority to DE50009131T priority Critical patent/DE50009131D1/de
Priority to EP00122360A priority patent/EP1202322B1/fr
Priority to AT00122360T priority patent/ATE286302T1/de
Priority to US10/047,556 priority patent/US7635849B2/en
Publication of EP1202322A1 publication Critical patent/EP1202322A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
    • H01J47/12—Neutron detector tubes, e.g. BF3 tubes
    • H01J47/1205—Neutron detector tubes, e.g. BF3 tubes using nuclear reactions of the type (n, alpha) in solid materials, e.g. Boron-10 (n,alpha) Lithium-7, Lithium-6 (n, alpha)Hydrogen-3
    • H01J47/1211—Ionisation chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detector for detecting electrically neutral particles according to claim 1, a converter device for a detector for detection Electrically neutral particles according to claim 11, a manufacturing method for a converter device according to claim 13 and a detection method for Detection of electrically neutral particles according to claim 14.
  • thermal and cold neutrons represent an important method in science (e.g. physical, chemical, biological and medical applications) and technology (e.g. non-destructive material testing). It is fundamental for all areas of application in science and technology the evidence, i.e. the detection of such neutrons, whereby detectors or Detection methods for neutrons have been a major economic in recent decades Have gained importance.
  • the detection of neutrons can be made physical reasons only through a nuclear reaction of the same with a so-called Neutron converter can be realized.
  • the neutrons of captured or absorbed the atomic nuclei of the converter, these nuclei then spontaneously decay.
  • the mostly energy-rich resulting from the decay and electrically charged fragments, commonly called conversion products can then be called due to their ionizing effect be detected.
  • the gas helium-3 whose atomic nuclei consist of two protons and one neutron, has mainly been used to detect neutrons.
  • This helium isotope is added to the actual counting gas of the detector in predetermined amounts in so-called gas detectors.
  • Neutrons to be detected are absorbed by the helium-3 nuclei, which subsequently decay spontaneously in accordance with the nuclear reaction 3 He + 1 n ⁇ 3 H + 1 p + 764 keV, the tritium nucleus receiving a quarter and the proton three-quarters of the reaction energy.
  • these conversion products have an ionizing effect on the counting gas of such a gas detector.
  • Such neutron detectors in the form of conventional gas detectors with helium-3 as a neutron converter have considerable disadvantages.
  • a detection of neutrons over large detection areas can only be realized with the aid of large, matrix-like detector arrangements, which consist of a large number of small individual detectors, due to the design restrictions of the pressure vessels.
  • the IN5 neutron spectrometer from the Laue-Langevin Institute in Grenoble has 1400 individual helium-3 neutron detectors for angle-resolved neutron detection (cf. "The yellowbook guide to neutron research facilities at ILL", Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, December 1997).
  • the spatial resolution of approximately 2 cm ⁇ 10 cm and the typical acceptance of count rates of 10,000 detected neutrons per second and cm 2 of such a neutron detector are very unsatisfactory.
  • the poor resolution and the low count rate acceptance can be improved by a combination of helium-3 as a converter with a so-called microstrip detector (MSGC) to approx. 2 mm x 2 mm and one million neutrons per second and cm 2 (see Vellettaz et al., "Two-dimensional gaseous microstrip detector for thermal neutrons", Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 392 (1997), pages 73 to 79).
  • MSGC microstrip detector
  • Neutron scintillation detectors are also known for the detection of neutrons. With such detectors, a fixed neutron converter becomes a fixed one or liquid scintillator, for example in the form of a fine powder (see G.B. Spector et al., "Advances in terbium-doped, lithium-loaded scintillator glas development ", Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 326 (1993), pages 526 to 530). The conversion products used in a neutron detection reaction arise, deposit their energy in the scintillator. That from The scintillator then emits light that is then location-sensitive with a suitable one Detected light detection system. Such detectors are typical Detection efficiencies from 20% to 40%.
  • the detector according to the invention is for the detection of electrically neutral particles, especially neutrons and other neutral particles, in particular Designed photons.
  • the principle of detection is based on the fact that the neutral particles interact with a converter device, which due to this Interaction (for example a nuclear reaction) generates conversion products.
  • the converter device preferably contains a solid converter material.
  • the conversion products subsequently ionize the counting gas or the gas with which the detector housing is at least partially filled and which at least partially surrounds the converter device.
  • electrically charged particles, in particular electrons are generated, which in the counting gas are movable under the influence of an electric field. To the To be able to detect electrically charged particles, they are under the influence an electrical drift field fed to a readout device.
  • the detector has a drift field generating device which, in particular, is separate be provided by the converter device and the readout device can.
  • the drift field generating device can be used as To design part of the converter device.
  • the readout facility can be included to generate the drift field, so that the drift field generating device in particular through a special configuration of the converter and readout device can be realized.
  • the electrically charged particles can be retained pass or enforce their location information the converter device.
  • the converter device has a A large number of passages, preferably arranged in a matrix, for the electrical charged particles.
  • the passages can be, for example, as geometric formed openings or holes in the converter device his.
  • a passage can also be made through a transparent charge Zone are formed, which is a compared to the adjacent material has only a small interaction cross-section for the electrically charged particles, so as to have a high transmission coefficient for the charged particles.
  • the converter device particularly preferably has a regular one Matrix of circular breakthroughs.
  • the passages have a Minimum diameter between 10 microns to 1000 microns, preferably 25 microns to 500 microns and a minimum distance from each other from 10 microns to 500 microns, preferably 15 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the detector has a Variety, preferably 2 to 20, most preferably 10, of (in a row) cascaded converter devices.
  • the Converter devices are spaced from each other, stack-like in the detector housing be arranged so that between the converter devices the counting gas is. This creates a large effective area for the interaction necessary for the detection of the neutral particles the converter device. Due to the transparency of the charge of the converter devices can load the ones generated by the conversion products Particles whose detection enables the detection of the neutral particles by the cascade of the converter devices by means of the drift field to the readout device be moved.
  • the use of cascaded converter devices in the detector according to the invention accordingly enables enormous increase in the available interaction area for the electrical neutral particles and thus a considerable increase in detection sensitivity.
  • one is more active for converting the electrically neutral particles Area of the converter device designed in a planar manner - in particular planar and preferably arranged substantially vertically in the drift field.
  • This A flat or layer-like structure of the converter device enables a further one Improvement of the surface to volume ratio of the converter device. This is because, typically, the (solid) converter material as a whole Volume is sensitive to the neutral particles to be detected
  • conversion products often only have a relatively short range have in the converter material and can therefore only emerge from it, if they are sufficiently close to the surface, it is for achieving a high detection sensitivity advantageous for a given converter volume or the largest possible converter area for detection To have available.
  • a particularly efficient and quick derivation of the generated charged electrical particles to the readout device then succeeds when the converter device is arranged substantially vertically in the drift field is. Accordingly, the average field direction of the Drift field essentially parallel to the surface normal of the area trained converter device. Also an inclined arrangement of the converter device is possible as long as the level of the flat converter device is not parallel to the drift field.
  • the drift field generating device a flat, optionally structured drift electrode to the To generate drift field between the drift electrode and the readout device.
  • the drift electrode with respect to the readout device negatively biased.
  • the drift electrode can be omitted if whose function is taken over by an electrode layer of the converter device becomes.
  • the converter device comprises a first and a second conductive layer, which is defined by an intermediate one arranged insulator layer are electrically insulated from each other, and at least one preferably arranged on the first and / or second conductive layer Converter layer.
  • the converter device thus has a layer structure on.
  • a plastic film for example, is used as the insulator layer Polyimide film for use.
  • So-called Kapton films have proven particularly useful (Kapton is a trademark of DUPONT).
  • Kapton is a trademark of DUPONT.
  • the conductive layers are preferably metal layers, which is applied directly to the insulating layer by a coating process were. In particular, copper layers come in for the conductive layers Consideration.
  • the layered converter device further comprises one Converter layer, which preferably facing away from the insulator layer Surface of the first and / or second conductive layer is arranged.
  • the converter layer can also be between one of the in particular thin and structured conductive layers and the insulator layer arranged his. If the converter layer can be designed as a conductive layer, can dispense with an additional conductive layer of the converter device become.
  • Such a particularly preferred layer-like converter device can are produced using so-called GEM foils (gas electron multiplier foils), as for example in US-A-6 011 265 and in the publication of F. Sauli in Nucl. Inst. And Methods A 386 (1997) pages 531 to 543 are.
  • GEM foils gas electron multiplier foils
  • Kapton foils coated on both sides with copper which 1997 were developed by F. Sauli at CERN.
  • Using a photolithographic The process involves etching a regular hole structure into these GEM foils The copper top and bottom of the foils are not electrically connected to one another are.
  • the layered converter device described differs however, in particular compared to the GEM foils proposed by F. Sauli due to the additional converter layer.
  • the GEM foils in the applications discussed in the cited publications only operated in a gas boost mode.
  • GEM gas electron multiplier
  • the converter devices according to the present inventions are not operated in such a gas amplification mode, it only becomes the charge-transparent property of the GEM films exploited.
  • the first and second conductive layer of the converter device via a converter field generating device electrically connected to each other.
  • the converter field generating device enables the generation of an electrical drift field, which in particular in addition to the drift field generated by the drift field generating device can work. This ensures that the electrically charged particles can be efficiently guided through the converter device.
  • the (fixed) converter layer preferably contains a neutron converter layer, so that the detector is suitable for the detection of neutrons, the Neutron converter layer in particular lithium-6, boron-10, gadolinium-155, gadolinium-157 and / or uranium-235 contains. Should be UV and / or as neutral particles X-ray photons are detected, especially Csl as a material for the photon converter layer.
  • the converter layer a layer thickness of 0.1 microns to 10 microns, preferably for a substantially neutron converter layer consisting of boron-10 between 0.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, most preferably about 1 ⁇ m, the first and second conductive layers one Layer thickness of 0.1 microns to 20 microns, preferably 0.2 microns to 10 microns and the insulator layer a layer thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 25 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a converter device for a detector for Detection of electrically neutral particles, especially neutrons a first and second conductive layer, which is arranged between an insulator layer are electrically insulated from one another, and at least one is preferred the (fixed) converter layer arranged in the first and / or second conductive layer, the converter device being arranged in a plurality of preferably matrix-like Has passages for electrically charged particles.
  • Such Converter layer can be used in conjunction with a conventional gas detector simple and highly sensitive detection of neutral particles, in particular Neutrons.
  • the converter device in the Drift field of the gas detector introduced. Not one is particularly preferred single converter device, but a "stack" of cascaded converter devices used, which makes the detection sensitivity enormous can increase.
  • the converter device preferably contains a neutron converter material, so that the converter device for a detector for the detection of neutrons is designed, the neutron converter material in particular lithium-6, boron-10, Gadolinium-155, Gadoliniuim-157 and / or Uranium-235 contains.
  • the neutron converter layer preferably contains at least one above called neutron converter material.
  • the invention Converter device in particular from a so-called GEM film are produced, to which an additional converter layer is applied becomes.
  • a boron-10 layer is evaporated become.
  • the charge-transparent design of the converter device allows the charged particles without losing their location information through the Conversion facility (s) can be directed. Hence it follows from the Charge transparency that the place of production of the charged particles in the Counting gas undistorted by the converter device (s) to the preferably location-sensitive readout device is mapped or directed.
  • Figure 1 shows a highly schematic sectional view and Figure 2 schematic perspective views of a detector for the detection of neutrons according an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 1 and 2 the structure of the detector is described.
  • a (not shown) gas or counting gas is introduced via a gas supply 12.
  • a gas discharge 14 is also provided for venting the detector housing. All counting gases common for gas detectors can be used. It is only necessary that the conversion products formed in the nuclear reaction to be described later have an ionizing effect on the gas. Mixtures of argon with one or more of the components CO 2 (10-90% content), CF 4 , dimethyl ether, isobutane and CH 4 have proven to be particularly suitable. In contrast to conventional helium-3 neutron detectors, it is not necessary for the counting gas to be kept under high pressure, but can advantageously be introduced into the detector housing 10 under normal pressure.
  • An entry window 16 is embedded in the top of the detector housing 10. Since the detector shown is preferably not with an increased counting gas pressure is operated, the entrance window 16 can be made very thin, so that it only a small cross section for the absorption of the incident neutrons having. In addition, the incident neutrons become very insignificant distracted by the thin entrance window.
  • a drift electrode 18 arranged, which is part of a drift field generating device. Between the Drift electrode 18 and a readout device 19 to be described later an electrical drift field for electrical via a voltage source (not shown) charged particles are applied, the drift electrode with respect to the Readout device 19 is subjected to a negative voltage.
  • the Drift electrode 18 can optionally be a layer 20 of a solid neutron converter, for example, a boron-10 layer.
  • the drift field generating device comprises the drift electrode 18 first Electrode and the readout device as a (structured) second electrode. It is however also possible instead of using the readout device 19 as the second electrode to provide a separate second drift electrode. Further The function of the drift electrode 18 can also be determined by a conductive layer adjacent converter device 22 are taken over, so that on the Drift electrode 18 can be dispensed with.
  • the converter devices 22 are located essentially in that between the drift electrode 18 and the readout device 19 generated drift field.
  • the converter devices 22 are preferably constructed and exist in layers For example, from a so-called GEM film (see above), which on one or both sides with a fixed converter layer 24 - here a neutron converter layer Boron-10 - is coated.
  • the converter layer 24 is essentially applied homogeneously, but the converter layer 24 only in some areas or can be applied in different layer thicknesses.
  • Each of the converter devices 22 comprises an insulator layer 26, for example a polyimide film.
  • Kapton films have proven particularly successful (Kapton is a trademark of DUPONT company).
  • the insulator layer 26 is conductive on both sides Material, such as copper, coated, so that they between a first conductive layer 28 and a second conductive layer 30 is arranged.
  • the Both electrically conductive layers 28 and 30 are through the insulator layer 26 electrically isolated from each other.
  • the converter device 22 has a A plurality of passages 32 arranged in a matrix, through which passages electrically can drift charged particles in a manner to be described. The Arrangement patterns of these passages 32, which the converter devices 22 Enforcing in the normal direction of the layer plane is shown schematically in FIG. 2 shown.
  • GEM foils described in the specified publications are essentially double-sided Copper-coated Kapton foils, developed by F. Sauli at CERN in 1997 were. By means of a photolithographic process, these GEM foils are a regular hole structure is etched, with copper top and bottom of the foils are not electrically connected.
  • the readout device 19 is arranged such that the cascaded Converter devices 22 are arranged in a stack-like manner therebetween.
  • the Surface normals of the entrance window 16, the drift electrode 18, the converter devices 22 and the readout device 19 preferably essentially fall together.
  • the mean field direction of the electrical drift field between neighboring ones Converter devices 22 is substantially perpendicular to the Layer planes of the converter devices 22 so that they are the longitudinal axis of the hole-like passages 32 follows.
  • the drift electrode 18 and the readout device 19 are spaced from the converter devices 22, with the intermediate space is filled by the counting gas.
  • the readout device 19 is comb-like or interdigital interlocking electrode structures can be used, which are schematic are shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b. However, they are also multi-wire gas chambers or similar detectors can be used.
  • a detection electronics a voltage signal between the two interdigital electrodes evaluated.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b which only provide the location information in one dimension are the same read out structures crossed to one another, which have a spatial resolution in deliver two dimensions of space.
  • a reading device 19 "modified in this way is shown schematically in Figure 2c. Here are two crossed each other Readout structures arranged on the top and bottom of a carrier plate. As well are interesting - especially for scattering experiments - ring-shaped readout structures, because these integrate over the entire azimuth angle and the entire intensity deliver for a scattering angle. Such a reading device 19 "'with an annular Readout structure is shown in Figure 2d.
  • Figure 4 (a) is a schematic sectional view of a preferred support 36, with which a large number of converter devices arranged in cascade 22 can be attached in the detector housing 10.
  • the carrying device 36 has four, for example, mounting brackets made of a ceramic material 38 on which are fixed to a base plate 40. At each of the Mounting brackets 38 is a corner portion of a substantially rectangular one designed clamping frame 42 attached.
  • the tensioning frame 42 has an upper 44 and a lower 46 frame element.
  • the Frame elements 44 and 46 consist of a conductive material, for example Stainless steel.
  • One of the converter devices is located between the frame elements 44, 46 22 kept under such a mechanical tensile stress, that it is set essentially smooth and without drapes.
  • U-shaped insulating elements 48 for example Kapton foils, are introduced, which have a direct contact between the frame elements 44, 46 and the enable the respective layer sides of the converter device 22 only in regions.
  • the converter device can thus be held in the clamping frame 42 be held that the upper frame member 44 with the first conductive Layer 24 and its lower frame element 46 with the second conductive Layer is electrically connected while frame members 44 and 46 are isolated from each other.
  • the neutrons to be detected are at least partially from the converter layers 24 of the converter devices 22 absorbed.
  • the converter layer 24 consists essentially of isotope-pure Boron-10, which has proven to be particularly suitable, decays after absorption of the neutron the boron-10 nucleus spontaneously split into an ⁇ -particle and an Lithium-7 core. Because the momentum of the absorbed neutron is comparatively is small and therefore negligible, the ⁇ -particle and the lithium-7 Flying core apart in opposite directions due to the conservation of momentum. At least one of these conversion products will therefore differ from the layer level of the converter device 22 or from the converter layer 24 move away and ionize the counting gas. In this way, in particular, free Electrons generated in the counting gas.
  • Such ionization traces of the conversion products are shown schematically in FIG shown.
  • Make the primary electrons generated by this process the signal actually to be detected.
  • the charge cloud of the primary Electrons are released from the electrical drift field, which is between the drift electrode 18 and the reading device 19 is applied, in the direction of the reading device 19 deducted.
  • At least some of the electrons generated must one or more of the converters 22 pass to the Readout device 19 to arrive. This is made possible by the transparency of the charge the converter devices 22, which allow the primary electrons, to get to the reading device 19 without losing their location information, so that by means of a spatially resolved detection of these electrons the reading device 19 also on the ionization site of the counting gas - and thus the absorption site of the neutron to be detected - can be closed.
  • GEM foils have suitable electrical wiring charge-transparent properties. So lace up, as schematically is shown in Figure 3, the electric field lines of the drift field in the range Passages 32 of converter devices 22 together when one is drifting supporting potential difference between the first conductive layer 28 and the second conductive layer 30 is applied. In the field direction behind the Passages 32 of the converter devices 22 widen the electric field lines symmetrically again.
  • a primary electron, which is characterized by the ionizing Effect of a conversion product in which count gas was generated follows this Course of one of the field lines shown in Figure 3 and can thus through the passage 32 upon receipt of its location information by one or more converter devices 22 are "smuggled".
  • the described structure of the embodiments of the detector according to the invention for neutrons advantageously allows the use of a fixed neutron converter.
  • Solid neutron converters of this type for example converter layers from boron-10, are much better for one for basic reasons efficient detection of neutrons because of the density of the converter atoms in a solid neutron converter about 1000 times larger than in gaseous ones Is a converter and thus a significantly higher cross section for neutrons having.
  • the use of fixed leads converter materials lead to detection problems of the loaded conversion products. To a large extent, these remain in the converter material themselves stuck and can only limit their energy to a surrounding one Dispense the detection medium (e.g. a counting gas). Can be demonstrated effectively conversion products originating only from surface layers.
  • the advantage of a tightly packed neutron absorber in the form of a solid is therefore due to the lack of conventional neutron detectors again Probability of the loaded fragments to escape into the surrounding detection medium destroyed.
  • the counting gas can be used under normal pressure, so that no pressure vessel necessary is. Operation at normal pressure in turn enables construction detectors of any size and with various shapes.
  • neutron detectors have proven to be particularly advantageous, which comprise converter devices 22 arranged in cascade. So this makes it possible to have a particularly favorable ratio of the surface area of a To provide converter layer to its converter volume.
  • the usage fixed neutron converter regularly draws problems with the Proof of the loaded conversion products themselves. These conversion products to a large extent already remain in the fixed converter themselves stuck and can only transfer their energy to a surrounding area to a small extent Detection medium, e.g. deliver a counting gas. Be detected can effectively only convert products originating from surface layers.
  • Detection medium e.g. deliver a counting gas. Be detected can effectively only convert products originating from surface layers.
  • the advantage of a densely packed neutron absorber may be possible in the form of a solid due to the low probability of leakage the conversion products in the surrounding detection medium destroyed become.
  • the charge-transparent design of the converter devices according to the invention 22 preferably allows multiple converter devices 22 cascaded one after the other for duplication or improvement of the Use detection efficiency.
  • the actual ionization signal i.e. the educated primary electrons
  • the converter devices can due to the charge transparency 22 penetrate while receiving their location information so that the entire electron signal is used to detect the absorbed neutrons can be.
  • boron-10 as converter material in the converter layers 24 of a detector according to the invention, which 10 on both sides comprises coated, cascaded converter devices 22, is obtained
  • the primary charge in the cascade of charge-transparent converter devices 22 can be generated - as described - from any electrode array be demonstrated as the execution of the readout device 19.
  • the type and shape of the read-out device 19 result in a simple manner the spatial resolution. From the shape and duration of typical charge pulses there is a typical acceptance rate of about 10 million neutrons per second and pixel. The size of a pixel and thus the spatial resolution is due to the range of the loaded conversion products limited to about 2 mm x 2 mm at normal counting rates under normal pressure.
  • the inventive detector concept presented here has an approx Rate acceptance 1000 times greater per pixel and 10 times better linear Spatial resolution than previous helium-3 gas detectors for neutrons on.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that in the invention Detector for the use of materials with a high atomic number can be dispensed with. This results in an inherent insensitivity to Gamma and X-rays.
  • the signals can also because of the shape of the pulse height spectrum without problems against the remaining X-ray and Discriminate gamma background.
  • the detector according to the invention is in its Embodiment as a neutron detector consequently for gamma and X-rays insensitive.
  • the converter devices 22 can in particular be made in a simple manner from conventional ones GEM films are made in one or preferably both Surfaces of the GEM film are provided with converter layers 24.
  • the boron-10 layer has a layer thickness of approximately 3 ⁇ m an optimum for the ratio of the neutron absorption probability and the escape probability of the loaded conversion products the fixed convector into the counting gas, since the maximum range of the charged Conversion products in Bor-10 is only about 3.5 ⁇ m.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
EP00122360A 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Capteur pour détecter des particules neutres, en particulier des neutrons, avec un boîtier rempli de gaz Expired - Lifetime EP1202322B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50009131T DE50009131D1 (de) 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Detektor zum Nachweis elektrisch neutraler Teilchen, insbesondere Neutronen, unter Benutzung eines mit einem Zählgas gefüllten Gehäuses
EP00122360A EP1202322B1 (fr) 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Capteur pour détecter des particules neutres, en particulier des neutrons, avec un boîtier rempli de gaz
AT00122360T ATE286302T1 (de) 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Detektor zum nachweis elektrisch neutraler teilchen, insbesondere neutronen, unter benutzung eines mit einem zählgas gefüllten gehäuses
US10/047,556 US7635849B2 (en) 2000-10-24 2001-10-23 Detector

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EP00122360A EP1202322B1 (fr) 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Capteur pour détecter des particules neutres, en particulier des neutrons, avec un boîtier rempli de gaz

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EP1202322A1 true EP1202322A1 (fr) 2002-05-02
EP1202322B1 EP1202322B1 (fr) 2004-12-29

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AT (1) ATE286302T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50009131D1 (fr)

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DE102018105026A1 (de) 2018-03-05 2019-09-05 Proxivision Gmbh Detektor sowie Verfahren zum Nachweis von Neutronen

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US20020139935A1 (en) 2002-10-03

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