EP1201181A1 - Method and perimeter for examining visual functions of a human eye - Google Patents

Method and perimeter for examining visual functions of a human eye Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1201181A1
EP1201181A1 EP00810984A EP00810984A EP1201181A1 EP 1201181 A1 EP1201181 A1 EP 1201181A1 EP 00810984 A EP00810984 A EP 00810984A EP 00810984 A EP00810984 A EP 00810984A EP 1201181 A1 EP1201181 A1 EP 1201181A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
eye
perimeter
camera
deviation
fixation mark
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00810984A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Jäggi
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Interzeag AG
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Interzeag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Interzeag AG filed Critical Interzeag AG
Priority to EP00810984A priority Critical patent/EP1201181A1/en
Priority to JP2001287612A priority patent/JP2002143091A/en
Priority to US10/000,974 priority patent/US20020047991A1/en
Publication of EP1201181A1 publication Critical patent/EP1201181A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/024—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking visual functions of a human eye using a perimeter attached to a specific observer position in the direction of an observation axis is oriented, associated with a light source Means for the staggered generation of stimuli on selectable Locations in the vicinity of one arranged on the observation axis Fixation mark, with a computer and with a camera Observation of the eye.
  • a perimeter is known from the applicant's CH-A-677 599 in which the subject's eye position is measured using a Camera is captured. If the deviation from the the ideal viewing direction is determined, the examination process interrupted, the subject was made aware of the deviation and relocated. During such an investigation, several such Interruptions occur. Delayed by these interruptions the examination process significantly and the duration of the examination will be extended accordingly.
  • the invention is based on the object of a method create in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided and therefore the duration of the examination is not interrupted is extended.
  • the object is achieved in the generic method in that that the eye position is recorded with the camera, that the deviation the eye position from the defined fixation mark is determined automatically and that based on the determined deviation an automatic correction is carried out.
  • the coordinates of the test sites are moved corrected based on the determined deviations so that there is no need to reposition the subject. Before every performance A stimulus turns the viewing direction using the camera or the position of the pupil of the examined eye. If a discrepancy is found, the Stimulus the corresponding corrected test location is calculated. This makes the subject independent of the subject's line of sight Stimulus always presented in the same place relative to the visual field. As mentioned, there is no need to interrupt the Investigation of the repositioning of the subject. Is conceivable also an embodiment in which a correction is made only after the Performance of the stimuli is performed. In both cases the subject did not have one during the entire examination Interruption disturbed.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perimeter 1 in which at a certain observer the eye 6 to be examined in an observation direction is fixed. The eye will be during an examination with suitable means, in timed staggering stimuli presented in the vicinity of an observer axis 9.
  • the perimeter 1 is controlled by means of a computer 5. Becomes revelation here also referred to the applicant's CH-A-677 599 A5.
  • Orientation around the observer eye 6 with reference to the observer axis 9 will facilitate the subject on this axis 9 a bright glowing mark (fixation mark) as a guide offered.
  • This is done by an between an intermediate level 11 and partially transparent to the eyepiece 12, Deflecting mirror 28 directed towards the observer 10 Intersection between the deflecting mirror 28 and the observer axis 9 further intersects the optical axis 29 of two lenses 30, the axial with a light source 31 and an aperture 32nd is equipped.
  • the aperture 32 determines the shape and size of the fixation mark.
  • a further deflection mirror arranged in the optical axis 29 33 which is transparent for visible light and infrared Light reflecting is an IR sensitive CCD camera switched to the observer axis 9 with which the eye 6 can be viewed during an examination.
  • the eye 6 with IR LEDs 38 becomes invisible to the test subject illuminated.
  • the image captured by the camera 34 is in the Computer 5 evaluated.
  • the position of the pupil 7 of the eye 6 determined and the deviations from the correct View direction and position are calculated. Such a possible Deviation in the viewing direction is shown schematically in Fig. 3.
  • the pupil 7 of the eye 6 is located above the optical one Axis 9. Even if the eye 6 here shows the fixation mark 32 would be correctly fixed, for example a scotoma 3 according to FIG. 2 found in the wrong place, for example at 4.
  • the position of the Stimulus test sites around the calculated values for example around corrected the value y according to FIG. 3.
  • the correction will be made if necessary performed for each stimulus and in the x and y directions.
  • the direction of view changes during an examination several times, the position of the person to be performed is correspondingly repeated several times Corrected stimulus.
  • 4 schematically shows one such correction of a stimulus S.
  • the fixation mark F is in the Zero point of the coordinate system.
  • the eye 6 is correctly positioned and the line of sight is exactly on the optical axis 9, the camera 34 detects no deviation and accordingly a stimulus S presented. If the direction of view deviates, for example fix to point F 'according to Fig.
  • this deviation captured by the camera 34 and in the computer 5 to a correction value converted. Because of this value it becomes a stimulus S 'presented at an appropriately corrected location.
  • the stimulus S 'thus becomes relative despite the different viewing direction presented to the subject's field of vision at the correct location.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The visual response of the eye, to the stimulus provided near a fixation mark, is observed and corrected on the basis of deviation of the direction of gaze from the fixation mark.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Prüfen visueller Funktionen eines menschlichen Auges mittels eines Perimeters, das an einer bestimmten Beobachterstelle in Richtung einer Beobachtungsachse orientiert ist, mit einer Lichtquelle zugeordneten Mitteln zur zeitlich gestaffelten Erzeugung von Stimuli an wählbaren Orten im Umfeld einer auf der Beobachtungsachse angeordneten Fixationsmarke, mit einem Rechner und mit einer Kamera zur Beobachtung des Auges.The invention relates to a method for checking visual functions of a human eye using a perimeter attached to a specific observer position in the direction of an observation axis is oriented, associated with a light source Means for the staggered generation of stimuli on selectable Locations in the vicinity of one arranged on the observation axis Fixation mark, with a computer and with a camera Observation of the eye.

Durch die CH-A-677 599 des Anmelders ist ein Perimeter bekannt geworden, bei dem die Augenposition des Probanden mittels einer Kamera erfasst wird. Wird eine zu grosse Abweichung von der idealen Blickrichtung festgestellt, wird der Untersuchungsablauf unterbrochen, der Proband auf die Abweichung aufmerksam gemacht und neu plaziert. Während einer Untersuchung können mehrere solche Unterbrechungen vorkommen. Durch diese Unterbrechungen verzögert sich der Untersuchungsablauf erheblich und die Untersuchungsdauer wird entsprechend verlängert.A perimeter is known from the applicant's CH-A-677 599 in which the subject's eye position is measured using a Camera is captured. If the deviation from the the ideal viewing direction is determined, the examination process interrupted, the subject was made aware of the deviation and relocated. During such an investigation, several such Interruptions occur. Delayed by these interruptions the examination process significantly and the duration of the examination will be extended accordingly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem die genannten Nachteile vermieden sind und bei dem somit die Untersuchungsdauer nicht durch Unterbrechungen verlängert wird.The invention is based on the object of a method create in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided and therefore the duration of the examination is not interrupted is extended.

Die Aufgabe ist beim gattungsgemässen Verfahren dadurch gelöst, dass mit der Kamera die Augenposition erfasst wird, dass die Abweichung der Augenposition von der definierten Fixationsmarke selbsttätig ermittelt wird und dass aufgrund der ermittelten Abweichung eine automatische Korrektur durchgeführt wird. Beim erfindungsgemässen Verfahren werden die Koordinaten der Testorte aufgrund der ermittelten Abweichungen korrigiert, so dass sich eine Neupositionierung des Probanden erübrigt. Vor jeder Darbietung eines Stimulus wird mittels der Kamera die Blickrichtung bzw. die Position der Pupille des untersuchten Auges ermittelt. Wird eine Abweichung festgestellt, so wird für den darzubietenden Stimulus der entsprechende korrigierte Testort berechnet. Damit wird unabhängig von der Blickrichtung des Probanden der Stimulus relativ zum Gesichtsfeld immer an derselben Stelle dargeboten. Wie erwähnt, erübrigt sich damit eine Unterbrechung der Untersuchung zur Neupositionierung des Probanden. Denkbar ist auch eine Ausführung, bei welcher eine Korrektur erst nach der Darbietung der Stimuli durchgeführt wird. In beiden Fällen wird der Proband währen der gesamten Untersuchung nicht durch eine Unterbrechung gestört.The object is achieved in the generic method in that that the eye position is recorded with the camera, that the deviation the eye position from the defined fixation mark is determined automatically and that based on the determined deviation an automatic correction is carried out. In the inventive The coordinates of the test sites are moved corrected based on the determined deviations so that there is no need to reposition the subject. Before every performance A stimulus turns the viewing direction using the camera or the position of the pupil of the examined eye. If a discrepancy is found, the Stimulus the corresponding corrected test location is calculated. This makes the subject independent of the subject's line of sight Stimulus always presented in the same place relative to the visual field. As mentioned, there is no need to interrupt the Investigation of the repositioning of the subject. Is conceivable also an embodiment in which a correction is made only after the Performance of the stimuli is performed. In both cases the subject did not have one during the entire examination Interruption disturbed.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
schematisch ein Perimeter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens,
Fig. 2
schematisch ein Gesichtsfeld mit der Darstellung eines Skotoms,
Fig. 3
schematisch eine von der idealen Position abweichende Augenposition und
Fig. 4
schematisch die Korrektur eines Stimulus-Testortes.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to a drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
schematically a perimeter for performing the method,
Fig. 2
schematically a visual field with the representation of a scotoma,
Fig. 3
schematically an eye position deviating from the ideal position and
Fig. 4
schematically the correction of a stimulus test site.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Perimeter 1, in dem an einer bestimmten Beobachterstelle das zu untersuchende Auge 6 in einer Beobachtungsrichtung fixiert wird. Dem Auge werden während einer Untersuchung mit geeigneten Mitteln in zeitlicher Staffelung Stimuli im Umfeld einer Beobachterachse 9 präsentiert. Das Perimeter 1 wird mittels eines Rechners 5 gesteuert. Zur Offenbarung wird hier auch auf die CH-A-677 599 A5 des Anmelders hingewiesen.Fig. 1 shows a perimeter 1 in which at a certain observer the eye 6 to be examined in an observation direction is fixed. The eye will be during an examination with suitable means, in timed staggering stimuli presented in the vicinity of an observer axis 9. The perimeter 1 is controlled by means of a computer 5. Becomes revelation here also referred to the applicant's CH-A-677 599 A5.

Um dem Beobachterauge 6 die Orientierung mit Bezug auf die Beobachterachse 9 zu erleichtern, wird dem Probanden auf diese Achse 9 eine hell leuchtende Marke (Fixationsmarke) als Orientierungshilfe angeboten. Dazu dient ein zwischen einer Zwischenebene 11 und dem Okular 12 angeordneter, teilweise lichtdurchlässiger, gegen die Beobachterstelle 10 gerichteter Umlenkspiegel 28. Den Schnittpunkt zwischen dem Umlenkspiegel 28 und der Beobachterachse 9 schneidet weiter die optische Achse 29 von zwei Linsen 30, die achsial mit einer Lichtquelle 31 und einer Blende 32 ausgerüstet ist. Die Blende 32 bestimmt Form und Grösse der Fixationsmarke.Orientation around the observer eye 6 with reference to the observer axis 9 will facilitate the subject on this axis 9 a bright glowing mark (fixation mark) as a guide offered. This is done by an between an intermediate level 11 and partially transparent to the eyepiece 12, Deflecting mirror 28 directed towards the observer 10 Intersection between the deflecting mirror 28 and the observer axis 9 further intersects the optical axis 29 of two lenses 30, the axial with a light source 31 and an aperture 32nd is equipped. The aperture 32 determines the shape and size of the fixation mark.

Über einen weiteren in der optischen Achse 29 angeordneten Umlenkspiegel 33, der für sichtbares Licht durchlässig und für infrarotes Licht reflektierend ist, ist eine IR-empfindliche CCD-Kamera auf die Beobachterachse 9 geschaltet, mit der das Auge 6 während einer Untersuchung betrachtet werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck wird das Auge 6 mit IR-LEDs 38 für den Probanden unsichtbar beleuchtet. Das von der Kamera 34 erfasste Bild wird im Rechner 5 ausgewertet. Hierbei wird die Position der Pupille 7 des Auges 6 ermittelt und die Abweichungen von der korrekten Blickrichtung bzw. Position werden berechnet. Eine solche mögliche Abweichung in der Blickrichtung zeigt schematisch die Fig. 3. Die Pupille 7 des Auges 6 befindet sich hier oberhalb der optischen Achse 9. Auch wenn das Auge 6 hier die Fixationsmarke 32 korrekt fixiert, würde beispielsweise ein Skotom 3 gemäss Fig. 2 an einer falschen Stelle, beispielsweise bei 4 gefunden.Via a further deflection mirror arranged in the optical axis 29 33, which is transparent for visible light and infrared Light reflecting is an IR sensitive CCD camera switched to the observer axis 9 with which the eye 6 can be viewed during an examination. To this For this purpose, the eye 6 with IR LEDs 38 becomes invisible to the test subject illuminated. The image captured by the camera 34 is in the Computer 5 evaluated. The position of the pupil 7 of the eye 6 determined and the deviations from the correct View direction and position are calculated. Such a possible Deviation in the viewing direction is shown schematically in Fig. 3. The pupil 7 of the eye 6 is located above the optical one Axis 9. Even if the eye 6 here shows the fixation mark 32 would be correctly fixed, for example a scotoma 3 according to FIG. 2 found in the wrong place, for example at 4.

Zur Korrektur der genannten Abweichung wird nun die Position der Stimulus-Testorte um die berechneten Werte, beispielsweise um den Wert y gemäss Fig. 3, korrigiert. Die Korrektur wird nötigenfalls für jeden Stimulus und in x- und y-Richtung durchgeführt. Ändert sich während einer Untersuchung die Blickrichtung mehrmals, so wird entsprechend mehrmals die Position des darzubietenden Stimulus korrigiert. Die Fig. 4 zeigt schematisch eine solche Korrektur eines Stimulus S. Die Fixationsmarke F steht im Nullpunkt des Koordinatensystems. Ist das Auge 6 korrekt positioniert und ist die Blickrichtung genau auf der optischen Achse 9, stellt die Kamera 34 keine Abweichung fest und entsprechend wird ein bezüglich seiner Position nicht korrigierter Stimulus S dargeboten. Bei einer Abweichung der Blickrichtung, beispielsweise fixieren auf den Punkt F' gemäss Fig. 4, wird diese Abweichung von der Kamera 34 erfasst und im Rechner 5 zu einem Korrekturwert umgerechnet. Aufgrund dieses Wertes wird ein Stimulus S' an einem entsprechend korrigierten Ort dargeboten. Der Stimulus S' wird somit trotz der abweichenden Blickrichtung relativ zum Gesichtsfeld des Probanden an der korrekten Stelle dargeboten.To correct the deviation mentioned, the position of the Stimulus test sites around the calculated values, for example around corrected the value y according to FIG. 3. The correction will be made if necessary performed for each stimulus and in the x and y directions. The direction of view changes during an examination several times, the position of the person to be performed is correspondingly repeated several times Corrected stimulus. 4 schematically shows one such correction of a stimulus S. The fixation mark F is in the Zero point of the coordinate system. The eye 6 is correctly positioned and the line of sight is exactly on the optical axis 9, the camera 34 detects no deviation and accordingly a stimulus S presented. If the direction of view deviates, for example fix to point F 'according to Fig. 4, this deviation captured by the camera 34 and in the computer 5 to a correction value converted. Because of this value it becomes a stimulus S 'presented at an appropriately corrected location. The stimulus S 'thus becomes relative despite the different viewing direction presented to the subject's field of vision at the correct location.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zum Prüfen visueller Funktionen des menschlichen Auges (6) mittels eines Perimeters (1), das an einer bestimmten Beobachterstelle (10) in Richtung einer Beobachtungsachse (9) zu fixieren ist, mit einer Lichtquelle (13) zugeordneten Mitteln zur zeitlichen gestaffelten Erzeugung von Stimuli an wählbaren Orten im Umfeld einer auf der Beobachtungsachse (9) angeordneten Fixationsmarke (32, F), mit einem Rechner (5) und mit einer Kamera (34) zur Beobachtung des Auges (6), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit der Kamera (34) die Augenposition erfasst wird, dass die Abweichung einer Augenposition von der definierten Fixationsmarke selbsttätig ermittelt wird und dass aufgrund der ermittelten Abweichung im Perimeter (1) eine automatische Korrektur durchgeführt wird.Method for checking visual functions of the human eye (6) by means of a perimeter (1), which is to be fixed at a specific observer location (10) in the direction of an observation axis (9), with means assigned to a light source (13) for staggered generation of time Stimuli at selectable locations in the vicinity of a fixation mark (32, F) arranged on the observation axis (9), with a computer (5) and with a camera (34) for observing the eye (6), characterized in that the camera ( 34) the eye position is detected, that the deviation of an eye position from the defined fixation mark is determined automatically and that an automatic correction is carried out on the basis of the determined deviation in the perimeter (1). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aufgrund der ermittelten Abweichungen die Positionen der Testorte korrigiert werden.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the positions of the test locations are corrected on the basis of the deviations determined. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jede Darbietung eines Stimulus nötigenfalls eine entsprechende Korrektur der Position des Testortes durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 2, characterized in that for each presentation of a stimulus, if necessary, a corresponding correction of the position of the test site is carried out. Perimeter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Kamera (34) zur Beobachtung des Auges (6) eines Probanden aufweist, dass die Kamera (34) mit einem Rechner (5) verbunden ist und dieser Rechner Mittel aufweist, um eine Abweichung von einer definierten Fixationsmarke in einen Korrekturwert umzuwandeln.Perimeter for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a camera (34) for observing the eye (6) of a subject, that the camera (34) is connected to a computer (5) and that computer has means, to convert a deviation from a defined fixation mark into a correction value.
EP00810984A 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Method and perimeter for examining visual functions of a human eye Withdrawn EP1201181A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00810984A EP1201181A1 (en) 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Method and perimeter for examining visual functions of a human eye
JP2001287612A JP2002143091A (en) 2000-10-25 2001-09-20 Method for examining visual function capacity of human eye, and perimeter for carrying out the method
US10/000,974 US20020047991A1 (en) 2000-10-25 2001-10-24 Method for testing visual functions of a human eye and perimeter for carrying out the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP00810984A EP1201181A1 (en) 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Method and perimeter for examining visual functions of a human eye

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008053015B3 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-03-04 Technische Universität Ilmenau Color-channel-selective stimulation process for visual system involves targeted selected tapping stimulation with glance follow-up
DE102009010628A1 (en) * 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Technische Universität Ilmenau Patient's visual system i.e. eye, stimulation method, involves detecting, compensating and considering geometrical and spectral false stimulation, fundus information and motion artifacts using correction parameters in iterative process

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006011624A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Device and method for the defined alignment of an eye
JP6062225B2 (en) * 2012-11-28 2017-01-18 株式会社クリュートメディカルシステムズ Visual function measuring device
JP6124330B2 (en) * 2012-12-28 2017-05-10 スカラ株式会社 Visual field measuring device
WO2021096361A1 (en) * 2019-11-14 2021-05-20 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Method, system and computer program product for mapping a visual field

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008053015B3 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-03-04 Technische Universität Ilmenau Color-channel-selective stimulation process for visual system involves targeted selected tapping stimulation with glance follow-up
DE102009010628A1 (en) * 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Technische Universität Ilmenau Patient's visual system i.e. eye, stimulation method, involves detecting, compensating and considering geometrical and spectral false stimulation, fundus information and motion artifacts using correction parameters in iterative process
DE102009010628B4 (en) * 2009-02-20 2010-10-14 Technische Universität Ilmenau Method and device for color channel-selective, fundus-controlled stimulation of the visual system

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JP2002143091A (en) 2002-05-21

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