EP1199136B1 - Method for filling a pressurised container and device for producing a jet of slurry - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-pressure pump (3) conveys the carrier fluid (1) into a main pipe (6) with choke (8) , and into a parallel subsidiary pipe (7) which leads through a presurized container (10) back into the main pipe the end of which has an ejector-nozzle (11). A filler-container (18) for abrasive material (9) is above the pressurized container and is joined by a down-pipe (19) to the pressurized container. The down-pipe and discharge pipe (24) can be blocked (21,20;25).

Description

The present invention relates to the technical field of water abrasive suspension blasting (WASS) and there especially the bypass principle for the production from WASS. For example, the water abrasive slurry jetting used in dismantling technology under and over water. Hereby become the Example bullet shells disassembled to avoid flying sparks Remove and dispose of explosives located therein. proven water abrasive suspension blasting has also been found in the disposal of nuclear power plants, especially when disassembling the pressure vessel. Further applications are the offshore technology, as well as in the field of the petrochemical industry, when it comes to disconnecting in an explosive environment.

The devices operating on the bypass principle essentially consist of from a high-pressure pump, which water as a carrier liquid in a Main line with throttle body and parallel in a secondary line (bypass) promotes. The secondary line opens into a pressure vessel in which the abrasive is located, wherein the guided in the secondary line liquid flow passes through the pressure vessel, there takes along abrasive and a Line from the pressure vessel is fed back to the main line. be wearing This suspension is via a discharge nozzle, which has a flexible Lead, if necessary, several hundred meters away from the device can be arranged.

While the carrier liquid from a reservoir or from the water supply network usually in sufficient quantity for continuous operation of the Device is available for a long time, the amount of the Available abrasive depending on the size of the pressure vessel. If the abrasive contained in the pressure vessel is used up, must the pressure vessel is filled and the water abrasive suspension jets during be interrupted this time.

Although devices are known that alternate with two pressure vessels work, so that continuous operation is possible, but this is the case required equipment required very high. In addition, it happens Pressure fluctuations during the changeover / switching over of the pressure vessel, so that a continuous operation is not possible here.

From WO 87/02290 A1 a generic device is known in the only a pressure vessel is provided, before filling the high-pressure pump switched off and thus the suspension jet is interrupted. For filling Within the system, a circulation path is provided, in which the abrasive together with liquid from a reservoir into the pressure vessel and is pumped from there back to the reservoir. Here is the cable implementation designed by the pressure vessel so that the abrasive in this settles, whereas the liquid again in the return to Reservoir is performed. The device-like construction of the main stream decoupled circulation path for filling the pressure vessel is also high. The valves provided within the circulation path must be constructive be designed so that they are in their function through that there too inevitably abrasive abrasives are not impaired.

Prior to this prior art, the present invention has the object to provide a method for filling a pressure vessel, with this easy, fast and with little device overhead can be filled. In addition, a corresponding device be created, with which this method is executable, which is inexpensive in the production and constructive largely against Abrasivmittelablagerungen is protected.

The procedural part of this task is specified by the claim 10 Characteristics solved, the device by the in claim 1 specified characteristics. Advantageous embodiment of the invention are in the Subclaims of the following description and the drawings.

The basic idea of the present invention is based on the state of the art Technik known circulation path for filling the pressure vessel with abrasive to refrain altogether and to provide gravity support instead, which manages without an expensive and wear-prone pump and the by means of a small number of shut-off valves cost in the device is einkliederbar. For this purpose, a filling container (Hopper) is provided by from the abrasive contained therein by gravity into the pressure vessel arrives. The filling container must therefore be arranged above the pressure vessel be, wherein the abrasive agent via a downpipe, from the lower Area of the filling container leads to the upper area of the pressure vessel, in the Pressure vessel arrives. In principle, the abrasive to be filled in as such from the downwardly tapered filling container in the down pipe and then get into the pressure vessel, is expediently However, the abrasive in the filling a carrier liquid such as Example water added to the gravity-induced conveying process facilitate.

Since the abrasive contained in the pressure vessel at the end of the operation by Water is replaced, it is not empty when refilling with abrasive but water-filled, so it's not just the abrasive in the pressure vessel filled, but also the volume corresponding volume Water are led out. In the simplest form, this can also be done by the Downpipe itself. However, preferred is a separate line to Removal of the displaced carrier liquid provided so that when filling the Gravity-promoted mass flow of the abrasive not by the otherwise in Counter direction ascending current of the displaced carrier fluid braked becomes. So it can be essential when providing a separate drain line higher filling speeds can be achieved.

To prevent the normal production operation suspension or carrier liquid get into the filling, is a shut-off valve in the down pipe intended. A corresponding shut-off valve must then also in the drain line be provided if such is provided. It can be used as a drain line serve a part of the secondary line, which opens into the pressure vessel. It is understood that the shut-off valve then outside the area of the secondary line must lie. By this measure, the number of in the pressure vessel opening lines are minimized, which is already static Reasons is advantageous.

The downpipe between filling tank and pressure vessel should be largely run perpendicular, because then the weight of the replenished abrasive acting in the conveying direction and blockages of the lines avoided can be. Due to the system, it is expedient if the downpipe from Bottom of the filling container in essence vertical and straight into the lid or the top of the pressure vessel opens. It can, however, be static or for other reasons be required to relocate the mouth. In these cases, make sure that the mouth of the downpipe in the Pressure vessel as far above and the mouth of the downpipe in the Filling tank as far as possible below.

To promote the abrasive as completely as possible from the pressure vessel can, it is appropriate, the pressure vessel on the bottom side in the manner of a Funnel, that is, to run downwards and the part of the secondary line, which directs the abrasive into the main stream to form so that this Part of the laxative branch line with small distance above the ground empties. It is particularly advantageous if this laxing secondary line as formed substantially vertical riser within the pressure vessel is that centered at least in its mouth area in relation to the Soil rejuvenation should be arranged. To make sure that for the unlikely but not to be excluded case that during a filling process trying to fill more abrasive in the pressure vessel than this volume can absorb, and then the excess abrasive is in the downpipe, is provided in a development of the invention, two shut-off valves in the downpipe in series one behind the other and connect a purge line in between. Then you can join a jam of abrasive in the downpipe first that the filling container Closer shut-off valve are closed, after which via the purge line carrier liquid under pressure is introduced into the system, so at the end of the Rinsing the pressure vessel near the shut-off valve including down pipe as well as the drain line and valve is free of abrasive. First then the other shut-off valves, namely the pressure tank side Shut-off valve in the downpipe and the other valve in the drain line closed. The latter valves are high pressure valves, the Due to the design, it is particularly susceptible to abrasive deposits the valve seats are.

It is particularly advantageous if the filling container is designed as a swap body is, because then to exchange only an empty against a full Fill container is to be replaced, without that within the device with abrasive to handle. In this case, it is appropriate a mechanical Provide coupling in the downpipe, immediately behind the filling container-side shut-off valve. Then the filling container can be used as a swap body be formed, so that an emptied filling container in a simple manner can be replaced by a full filling container.

The invention is described below with reference to an illustrated in the drawing Embodiment explained in more detail. The only figure shows the structure of a Device according to the invention in the form of a simplified hydraulic Diagram.

The device shown in the figure is used to generate a beam of a Suspension of a carrier liquid, usually water, and an abrasive, For example, corundum or river sand under high pressure. The carrier liquid 1 is taken from a container 2 or from a (not shown) Line network of a high-pressure pump 3, which typically has a Pressure generated between 200 and 2000 bar and more on the output side. Over a Line 4 is the high-pressure carrier fluid 1 from the pump 3 through a check valve 5 in parallel in a main line 6 and a Secondary line 7 promoted. In the main line a throttle body 8 is provided, that is dimensioned and adjusted so that in addition to one in operation in the Main line 6 forming a main current through the secondary line 7 leading Adjusts stream, which is located in a pressure vessel 10 Abrasivmittel 9, this feeds the main current and then as a total current at a discharge nozzle 11 exiting at high pressure jet a Suspension of carrier liquid 1 and 9 to form abrasive.

The secondary line 10 has in the conveying direction 12 of the flowing through them Nebenstroms a shut-off valve 13 and a safety device 14, which opens when a predetermined maximum pressure is exceeded. The Secondary line 7 opens into the top of the pressure vessel 10. The pressure vessel 10 has an approximately tapered bottom 15, over whose lowest point at a short distance a riser 16 opens, the over a line 17 is connected to the main line 6. The line 17 is part of Secondary line 7. After merging of main and secondary line 6,7 The suspension then formed from carrier liquid 1 and abrasive flows 9 via a line 28 to the discharge nozzle 11. The line 28 connects the im Substantially stationary part of the device with the movable arranged Discharge nozzle 11 and can be several hundred meters long. Stationary in the sense of the invention means that the device stands still during operation, In principle, however, this is transportable, for example on a vehicle or arranged in a container or support frame.

Once the level of the pressure vessel 10 with abrasive below the mouth area of the riser 16 falls, no abrasive is promoted more, the Pressure vessel 10 is then to be refilled. For this purpose, a filling container 18 is provided, which is connected via a downpipe 19 to the pressure vessel 10. The downpipe 19 is arranged substantially vertically and opens in the Top of the pressure vessel, but with a small distance below the Top inside, so below the junction of the secondary line 7 in the Pressure vessel 10. In the downpipe 19 is a Hochdruckabsperrventil 20 as well another the filling container 18 associated shut-off valve 21 is provided. Between these two series-connected shut-off valves 20 and 21 opens a purge line 22. Furthermore, between the shut-off valves 20 and 21, a clutch 23 is provided. The filling container 18 is a swap body trained and can together with the shut-off valve 21 via the coupling 23 are separated from the rest of the device to a blank against a replace full filling container 18 or the filling container for transport purposes to remove the device. The purge line 22 is not shown Hose coupling connected and therefore can also from Filling container 18 are separated.

Furthermore, a drain line 24 is provided, which to the pressure vessel 10 leading part of the secondary line 7 via a high-pressure shut-off valve 25 with an opening into the open or in a collecting container line 26 connects.

For refilling abrasive 9, the shut-off valve 13 is first closed, then the high-pressure pump 3 is switched off and the shut-off valve 25th open. The previously connected by means of the coupling 23 to the device and filled with abrasive 9 filling container 18 is opened by opening the valves 21 and 20 with the interior of the pressure vessel 10 conductively connected. The im Filling container 18 located abrasive 9, which is significantly heavier than that in the Pressure vessel 10 is located water flows through its own weight with the in Filling container 18 also located in smaller quantities carrier liquid through the downpipe 19 into the interior of the pressure vessel 10 Pressure vessel 10 displaced water rises through the conduit 27, depending on Valve position part of the secondary line 7 or part of the drain line 24 forms, enters the drain line 24, via the open valve 25 in the line 26th and outdoors.

The filling container 18 is dimensioned so that the abrasive contained therein 9 can be completely filled in the pressure vessel 10, so that after the Emptying the filling container 18, only the shut-off valves 20, 21 and 25 are closed, the high pressure pump 3 is turned on and then the check valve thirteenth need to be opened in order to generate the device again High pressure jet of suspension certain state offset. The High pressure valve 20 is structurally designed so that there is no abrasive deposited, so that this gravity conveyed into the pressure vessel 10th sags. About the high pressure valve 25 flows only carrier liquid, so that this valve also not by abrasive or its Deposits is charged.

Should the filling process be initiated by incorrect operation. before the Pressure vessel 10 has reached its intended minimum level, so it may happen that in the filling container 18 more abrasive 9 is located is as the pressure vessel 10 can accommodate. Once the level of the abrasive in the pressure vessel 10 has reached the height in which the downpipe 19 opens into the pressure vessel 10, there is no further promotion of abrasive in the pressure vessel 10, instead, the abrasive accumulates in the If this is the case, first the shut-off valve 21 is closed. This is a low pressure valve that is largely Insensitive to deposits of abrasive. Then is at opened valves 20 and 25 rinsing liquid introduced via line 22, whereby the abrasive contained in the downpipe 19 by pressure of the Rinsing fluid is conveyed into the pressure vessel 10. The height of the estuary the downpipe 19 in pressure vessel 10 is taking into account the volume the downpipe 19 and the remaining volume remaining in the pressure vessel 10 so dimensioned that the located in the downpipe 19 Abrasivmittel still can be completely pumped into the pressure vessel 10 without abrasive exits via the lines 27, 24 and 26. This allows the high pressure valve 25 are largely kept free of abrasive, even for the above-described case of "overfilling". Because of the opposite of the line 27 downwardly offset junction of the downpipe 19 in the pressure vessel 10th it is ensured that also during the subsequent rinsing process no abrasive 9 is flushed out of the pressure vessel 10. The coupling 23 and the sensitive high-pressure valve 20, however, are caused by the rinsing fluid cleaned and can be subsequently operated without deposits of abrasives exposed to increased wear or leaks to be. For flushing via the purge line 22, a low pressure is sufficient, as he Usually present in the stationary tap water network or by means of conventional Circulating pumps readily available.

The device described above therefore requires the always required High pressure pump 3 no more expensive pumps, neither for the filling process still for the usually not even necessary Spiilvorgang.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

carrier fluid

2 -

container

3 -

high pressure pump

4 -

management

5 -

check valve

6 -

main

7 -

secondary line

8th -

throttle member

9 -

abrasive

10 -

pressure vessel

11 -

discharge nozzle

12 -

Conveying direction of the secondary flow

13 -

shut-off valve

14 -

safety device

15 -

Bottom of 10

16 -

riser

17 -

management

18 -

Storage capacities

19 -

penstock

20 -

High-pressure

21 -

shut-off valve

22 -

flushing line

23 -

clutch

24 -

drain line

25 -

High-pressure

26 -

management

27 -

management

28 -

management

Claims (10)

1. A device to generate a suspension jet consisting of a carrier liquid (1) and an abrasive medium (9) with a high-pressure pump (3), which conveys the carrier liquid (1) into a main pipe (6) with flow control valve (8) and parallel to that into a bypass (7), with the bypass (7) leading back to the main pipe (6) through a pressure vessel (10) and a discharge nozzle (11) being provided at the end of the main pipe (28), which device is characterised by the fact that a hopper (18) for abrasive medium (9) is provided above the pressure vessel (10), which hopper (18) is connected with the pressure vessel (10) by a downpipe (19) with means (21, 20) to lock the downpipe (19) and means to discharge the carrier liquid (1) that has been displaced by the abrasive medium (9) from the pressure vessel (10) being made provision for.
2. Device in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that a drain pipe (24) has been provided for, by means of which the carrier liquid (1) that is located in the pressure vessel (10) and displaced during filling in of the abrasive medium (9) may be discharged, with means (25) to lock the drain pipe (24) being made provision for.
3. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-2, characterised by the fact, that a part of the bypass (27) forms a part of the drain pipe (24).
4. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterised by the fact that the downpipe (19) essentially runs in a vertical direction and opens into the pressure vessel (10) at a distance below the opening of the drain pipe (27).
5. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterised by the fact that the inside of pressure vessel (10) tapers towards the bottom (15) and that the discharging bypass (16) opens into the tapering area at a distance above the bottom (15).
6. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-5, characterised by the fact that the discharging bypass within the pressure vessel (10) is essentially designed as vertically ascending pipe (16).
7. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterised by the fact that in the pipe (19) between hopper (18) and pressure vessel (10), two stop valves (20, 21) are arranged in series, with a flushing pipe (22) for flushing at least one stop valve (20) attaching between the valves (20, 21).
8. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterised by the fact that between the stop valves (20, 21) in the downpipe (19), a coupling (23) to separate the hopper (18) from the pressure vessel (10) has been made provision for.
9. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-8, characterised by the fact that the hopper (18) is designed as interchangeable vessel.
10. Method for filling a pressure vessel (10) of a device to generate a suspension jet consisting of a carrier liquid (1) and an abrasive medium (9) in accordance with one of the preceding claims 1-9 with abrasive medium, with the abrasive medium (9) being filled into the pressure vessel (10) by means of gravity from the hopper (18) that is arranged above the pressure vessel (10) via a pipe (19) that opens into the pressure vessel (10) close to the top side, while the carrier liquid (1) that is displaced by the abrasive medium (9) is discharged from the pressure vessel (10).

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