EP1198435B1 - Exothermic feeder - Google Patents
Exothermic feeder Download PDFInfo
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- EP1198435B1 EP1198435B1 EP00935084A EP00935084A EP1198435B1 EP 1198435 B1 EP1198435 B1 EP 1198435B1 EP 00935084 A EP00935084 A EP 00935084A EP 00935084 A EP00935084 A EP 00935084A EP 1198435 B1 EP1198435 B1 EP 1198435B1
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- feeder
- feeder according
- magnesium
- reactive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
- B22D7/104—Hot tops therefor from exothermic material only
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exothermic feed mass containing aluminum and magnesium, at least one oxidizing agent, a temperature-resistant filler containing SiO 2 and an alkali silicate as a binder.
- the aluminum is used for induction an exothermic reaction with the oxidizing agent
- the known feeder masses also being reactive Contain fluorine compound with the passivating oxide skin reacts on the aluminum powder, so that this with the Oxidizing agents can react.
- Such feeder mass is for example in DE-C-25 32 745.
- it contains Aluminum powder, a alumina, unspecified, and an organic (Phenolic, urea or furan resin, starch) or an inorganic Binder (silica sol, colloidal aluminum oxide) and an oxidizing agent for the fine metal.
- alkali silicates as binders is not mentioned.
- fluoride catalysts Fluorine compounds such as cryolite, fluorspar or sodium silicofluoride.
- the proportion of the fluorine compound can be 0.1 to 20 % By weight; according to the examples, the proportion of Fluoride compound between 1.0 and 2.0%.
- DE-A-29 23 393 mentions i.a. exothermic feed masses with Aluminum powder, cryolite, iron oxide, sand and aluminum oxide fibers. The latter should be preserved as fibers.
- DE-C-28 31 505 describes an exothermic feed mass with an Al 2 O 3 additive, which is, however, to be regarded as an inert filler.
- Alkali silicates are not used, but the addition of fluoride-containing flux (cryolite) is always necessary. Magnesium is not used.
- the DD-60 121 describes an exothermic feed mass on the Base of aluminum with the addition of water glass as well as a flux containing fluoride. Alumina is not mentioned.
- feeder mass also contains magnesium or an aluminum-magnesium alloy.
- the temperature of the magnesium is determined by the Oxide skin on the aluminum overcomes passivity, so that also the aluminum reacts with the oxidizing agent, whereby overall a higher temperature is reached. in this connection undesirable reactions take place in the feeder mass.
- the hollow fire manifests itself in large cavities in the wall of the feeder, through channels with the molten iron in the Feeder is connected.
- By penetrating the molten Iron losses in the cavity result in iron losses.
- this iron is very difficult from the converted feed mass to separate, so that a reprocessing of the iron is practically impossible.
- the object underlying the present invention is So in reducing the so-called "hollow fire”.
- the invention thus relates to an exothermic feed mass of the type defined at the outset, which contains about 2.5 to 20% by weight of a reactive aluminum oxide with a specific surface area of at least about 0.5 m 2 / g and an average particle diameter (d 50 ) contains about 0.5 to 15 microns and is practically free of fluoride fluxes.
- the reactive alumina generally contains up to about 5% OH groups. If the proportion of OH groups is relatively low reactivity is also due to a very small particle size of the alumina particles reached.
- the exothermic feeder mass according to the invention shows Reaction only small voids that do not go through with each other Channels are connected so that no iron from the feeder core can penetrate.
- the mode of action of the reactive aluminum oxide can be imagined in such a way that it reacts with the alkali compounds present, so that they can no longer react with the filler containing SiO 2 with vitrification and cavity formation. If there is no longer a hollow fire, the strength of the feed mass also increases during and after the reaction has ended.
- the reactive aluminum oxide in the feeder mass according to the invention preferably has a specific surface area of approximately 1 to 10 m 2 / g.
- the composition of the feed mass according to the invention is as follows: aluminum 20-35% by weight, preferably 20-23% by weight magnesium 1.5-10% by weight, preferably 2-7% by weight oxidant 8-20% by weight, preferably 10-15% by weight Reactive aluminum oxide 4 - 18% by weight, preferably 8 - 13% by weight alkali 8-22% by weight, preferably 10-13% by weight or 17-23% by weight SiO 2 content. filler 58.5-17% by weight, preferably 43-29% by weight
- alkali silicate depend on the filler. For fillers with a lower bulk density (e.g. hollow microspheres) is the preferred amount of alkali silicate higher.
- the filler containing SiO S preferably has an SiO 2 content of at least 50% by weight, in particular more than 60% by weight.
- Quartz sand and / or aluminum silicates can be used as temperature-resistant fillers containing SiO 2 , in the latter case preferably hollow microspheres, ground chamotte and / or mineral fibers are used.
- the reactive aluminum oxide preferably has the following properties: Al 2 O 3 content> 90% Content of OH groups: up to 5% (depending on the particle diameter) Specific surface area (BET) about 1 to 10 m 2 / g Average particle diameter (d 50 ): 0.5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the invention also relates to a method for reduction the hollow fire in substantially fluoride-free feed masses; the process is characterized in that a feed mass as defined above is used.
- a reaction of the in the crowd containing magnesium with the molten iron in the vapor phase can be considered excluded because of magnesium has an extremely low vapor pressure and the feed mass Air intakes between the grains of the fine-grained mineral contains, so that the vaporous magnesium immediately with the Atmospheric oxygen would react.
- the explanation for the by the effect achievable by the invention is probably that the feed mass contains impurities (e.g. sulfur), which without the magnesium in the feeder mass into the molten Diffuse iron and in this way with the very low Amounts of the spheroidal additive (e.g. magnesium) in the molten iron can react, so that when solidifying not spheroidal graphite, but lamellar graphite forms. It is believed that the magnesium in the feeder mass reacts with the impurities contained therein, so that they no longer diffuse into the molten iron can.
- the magnesium apparently has a "scanvenger" function.
- Alkali metals or other alkaline earth metals as magnesium, e.g. Calcium, are not as well suited because they oxidize easily in the air.
- the invention thus also relates to a method for prevention of graphite degeneracy in the feeder top area and in the area reaching into the casting; This method is characterized in that one as above defined feeder mass used.
- the components are mixed well, and the resultant
- the mass is poured into a dish.
- the riser shape is gassed with carbon dioxide; the water glass reacts under Formation of colloidal silica and sodium carbonate with the carbon dioxide. and solidifies the feeder. Then the Mass dried to constant weight.
- the feeder is placed on the cast model and molded with it, whereupon molten iron is poured into the mold.
- the feed mass ignites with an increase in temperature, the sodium carbonate obtained from the water glass and the reduction product of the sodium nitrate preferably reacting with the reactive Al 2 O 3 , so that the hollow fire occurring during the reaction with the sand is reduced.
- the feeder is removed. After the reaction, the feeder shows on average a large number of small cavities which are not connected to one another by channels and which therefore also contain no iron (FIG. 1).
- Example 1 The ingredients are mixed together as in Example 1, brought into a food pan, gassed with carbon dioxide and dried. The casting is also as in Example 1 carried out. The section of the converted feeder mass shows essentially the same pore structure as the feeder of Example 1.
- Example 2 The further processing was carried out as in Example 1.
- the obtained Feeder section of the feeder wall see Figure 2 shows a strong hollow fire with a after the reaction large void volume in the middle, that through channels with smaller Cavities connected up to the area of the molten iron are enough. All cavities are frozen Iron filled. Stick when smashing the feeder remains of the converted feeder mass on the iron pieces.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine exotherme Speisermasse, enthaltend Aluminium und Magnesium, mindestens ein Oxidationsmittel, einen temperaturbeständigen SiO2-haltigen Füllstoff und ein Alkalisilicat als Bindemittel.The invention relates to an exothermic feed mass containing aluminum and magnesium, at least one oxidizing agent, a temperature-resistant filler containing SiO 2 and an alkali silicate as a binder.
Bei exothermen Speisermassen dient das Aluminium zur Herbeiführung einer exothermen Reaktion mit dem Oxidationsmittel, wobei die bekannten Speisermassen auch eine reaktionsfähige Fluorverbindung enthalten, die mit der passivierenden Oxidhaut auf dem Aluminiumpulver reagiert, so daß dieses mit dem Oxidationsmittel reagieren kann.In the case of exothermic feeder masses, the aluminum is used for induction an exothermic reaction with the oxidizing agent, the known feeder masses also being reactive Contain fluorine compound with the passivating oxide skin reacts on the aluminum powder, so that this with the Oxidizing agents can react.
Eine derartige Speisermasse ist beispielsweise in der DE-C-25 32 745 beschrieben. Sie enthält u.a. Aluminiumpulver, ein nicht näher spezifiziertes Aluminiumoxid sowie ein organisches (Phenol-, Harnstoff- oder Furanharz, Stärke) oder ein anorganisches Bindemittel (Kieselsäuresol, kolloidales Aluminiumoxid) und ein Oxidationsmittel für das feinteilige Metall. Die Verwendung von Alkalisilicaten als Bindemittel ist nicht erwähnt. Wesentlich sind die als "Fluoridkatalysatoren" bezeichneten Fluorverbindungen, wie Kryolith, Flußspat oder Natriumsilicofluorid. Der Anteil der Fluorverbindung kann 0,1 bis 20 Gew.-% betragen; nach den Beispielen liegt der Anteil der Fluoridverbindung zwischen 1,0 und 2,0%.Such feeder mass is for example in DE-C-25 32 745. Among other things, it contains Aluminum powder, a alumina, unspecified, and an organic (Phenolic, urea or furan resin, starch) or an inorganic Binder (silica sol, colloidal aluminum oxide) and an oxidizing agent for the fine metal. The The use of alkali silicates as binders is not mentioned. What is essential are those designated as "fluoride catalysts" Fluorine compounds such as cryolite, fluorspar or sodium silicofluoride. The proportion of the fluorine compound can be 0.1 to 20 % By weight; according to the examples, the proportion of Fluoride compound between 1.0 and 2.0%.
Die Anwesenheit der Fluorverbindung in der exothermen Speisermasse setzt die Startreaktionstemperatur des Aluminiums herab. Diese Funktion ergibt sich z.B. daraus, daß bei der ebenfalls beschriebenen wärmeisolierenden Speisermasse ohne Aluminium der Anteil der Fluoridverbindung bis auf 0% zurückgehen kann.The presence of the fluorine compound in the exothermic feed mass reduces the starting reaction temperature of the aluminum. This function results e.g. from the fact that the described heat-insulating feed mass without aluminum the proportion of the fluoride compound can decrease to 0%.
Die DE-A-29 23 393 erwähnt u.a. exotherme Speisermassen mit Aluminiumpulver, Kryolith, Eisenoxid, Sand und AluminiumoxidFasern. Letztere sollen als Fasern erhalten bleiben.DE-A-29 23 393 mentions i.a. exothermic feed masses with Aluminum powder, cryolite, iron oxide, sand and aluminum oxide fibers. The latter should be preserved as fibers.
Die DE-C-28 31 505 beschreibt eine exotherme Speisermasse mit einem Al2O3-Zusatz, der aber als inerter Füllstoff aufzufassen ist. Alkalisilicate werden nicht verwendet, jedoch ist der Zusatz von fluoridhaltigem Flußmittel (Kryolith) immer erforderlich. Magnesium wird nicht verwendet.DE-C-28 31 505 describes an exothermic feed mass with an Al 2 O 3 additive, which is, however, to be regarded as an inert filler. Alkali silicates are not used, but the addition of fluoride-containing flux (cryolite) is always necessary. Magnesium is not used.
Die DD-60 121 beschreibt eine exotherme Speisermasse auf der Basis von Aluminium unter Zusatz von Wasserglas sowie ein fluoridhaltiges Flußmittel. Aluminiumoxid ist nicht erwähnt.The DD-60 121 describes an exothermic feed mass on the Base of aluminum with the addition of water glass as well as a flux containing fluoride. Alumina is not mentioned.
Da aus Umweltgründen und verfahrenstechnischen Gründen ein Bedürfnis nach einer fluoridfreien exothermen Speisermasse besteht, wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, eine exotherme Speisermasse ohne wirksame Fluoranteile bereitzustellen. Eine solche Speisermasse enthält neben dem Aluminium auch Magnesium oder eine Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierung. Durch die bei der Verbrennung des Magnesiums auftretende Temperatur wird die durch die Oxidhaut auf dem Aluminium bedingte Passivität überwunden, so daß auch das Aluminium mit dem Oxidationsmittel reagiert, wodurch insgesamt eine höhere Temperatur erreicht wird. Hierbei finden in der Speisermasse unerwünschte Reaktionen statt.A need for environmental and procedural reasons after a fluoride-free exothermic feed mass, an exothermic feed mass has already been proposed without providing effective fluorine components. Such In addition to aluminum, feeder mass also contains magnesium or an aluminum-magnesium alloy. By burning The temperature of the magnesium is determined by the Oxide skin on the aluminum overcomes passivity, so that also the aluminum reacts with the oxidizing agent, whereby overall a higher temperature is reached. in this connection undesirable reactions take place in the feeder mass.
Es wurde gefunden, daß bei fluoridfreien, Aluminium und Magnesium enthaltenden exothermen Speisermassen, die auch Füllstoffe mit hohem SiO2-Gehalt und Alkaliverbindungen (z.B. aus Wasserglas) als Bindemittel und als Oxidationsmittel Alkalinitrate enthalten, ein sogenannter "Hohlbrand" entsteht, der wahrscheinlich durch eine Verglasung der SiO2-haltigen Füllstoffe mit den Alkaliverbindungen zustandkommt.It has been found that in the case of fluoride-free, aluminum and magnesium-containing exothermic feeder masses, which also contain fillers with a high SiO 2 content and alkali compounds (e.g. from water glass) as binders and alkali metal nitrates as oxidizing agents, a so-called "hollow fire" occurs, which is probably caused by a Glazing of the fillers containing SiO 2 with the alkali compounds occurs.
Der Hohlbrand äußert sich in großen Hohlräumen in der Speiserwand, der durch Kanäle mit dem schmelzflüssigen Eisen im Speiser verbunden ist. Durch das Eindringen des schmelzflüssigen Eisens in den Hohlraum entstehen Eisenverluste. Außerdem ist dieses Eisen nur sehr schwer von der umgesetzten Speisermasse zu trennen, so daß eine Wiederaufbereitung des Eisens praktisch unmöglich ist.The hollow fire manifests itself in large cavities in the wall of the feeder, through channels with the molten iron in the Feeder is connected. By penetrating the molten Iron losses in the cavity result in iron losses. Moreover this iron is very difficult from the converted feed mass to separate, so that a reprocessing of the iron is practically impossible.
Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht also darin, den sogenannten "Hohlbrand" zu reduzieren.The object underlying the present invention is So in reducing the so-called "hollow fire".
Es wurde gefunden, daß überraschenderweise kein Hohlbrand auftritt, wenn der Speisermasse ein reaktives Aluminiumoxid zugesetzt wird.It was found that, surprisingly, no hollow fire occurs, if the feed mass is a reactive Alumina is added.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist somit eine exotherme Speisermasse der eingangs definierten Gattung, die etwa 2,5 bis 20 Gew.-% eines reaktiven Aluminiumoxids mit einer spezifischen Oberfläche von mindestens etwa 0,5 m2/g und einem mittleren Teilchendurchmesser (d50) von etwa 0,5 bis 15 µm enthält und die praktisch frei von fluoridhaltigen Flußmitteln ist. The invention thus relates to an exothermic feed mass of the type defined at the outset, which contains about 2.5 to 20% by weight of a reactive aluminum oxide with a specific surface area of at least about 0.5 m 2 / g and an average particle diameter (d 50 ) contains about 0.5 to 15 microns and is practically free of fluoride fluxes.
Das reaktive Aluminiumoxid enthält im allgemeinen bis zu etwa 5 % OH-Gruppen. Wenn der Anteil der OH-Gruppen relativ niedrig ist, wird die Reaktivität auch durch eine sehr kleine Teilchengröße der Aluminiumoxidteilchen erreicht.The reactive alumina generally contains up to about 5% OH groups. If the proportion of OH groups is relatively low reactivity is also due to a very small particle size of the alumina particles reached.
Unter "praktisch frei" versteht man, daß der Fluoridgehalt unter 1,0, vorzugsweise unter 0,5, insbesondere unter 0,1 Gew.-% liegt."Practically free" means that the fluoride content below 1.0, preferably below 0.5, in particular below 0.1 % By weight.
Die erfindungsgemäße exotherme Speisermasse zeigt nach der Reaktion nur kleine Hohlräume, die miteinander nicht durch Kanäle verbunden sind, so daß aus dem Speiserkern kein Eisen eindringen kann.The exothermic feeder mass according to the invention shows Reaction only small voids that do not go through with each other Channels are connected so that no iron from the feeder core can penetrate.
Man kann sich die Wirkungsweise des reaktiven Aluminiumoxids so vorstellen, daß es mit den vorhandenen Alkaliverbindungen reagiert, so daß diese nicht mehr mit dem SiO2-haltigen Füllstoff unter Verglasung und Hohlraumbildung reagieren können. Wenn kein Hohlbrand mehr auftritt, erhöht sich während und nach der Beendigung der Reaktion der Speisermasse auch deren Festigkeit.The mode of action of the reactive aluminum oxide can be imagined in such a way that it reacts with the alkali compounds present, so that they can no longer react with the filler containing SiO 2 with vitrification and cavity formation. If there is no longer a hollow fire, the strength of the feed mass also increases during and after the reaction has ended.
Das reaktive Aluminiumoxid in der erfindungsgemäßen Speisermasse
hat vorzugsweise eine spezifische Oberfläche von etwa 1
bis 10 m2/g. Im allgemeinen ist die Zusammensetzung der erfindungsgemäßen
Speisermasse wie folgt:
Die bevorzugten Mengen des Alkalisilicats richten sich nach dem Füllstof. Bei Füllstoffen mit einer kleineren Schüttdichte (z.B. Mikrohohlkugeln) liegt die bevorzugte Menge des Alkalisilicats höher.The preferred amounts of alkali silicate depend on the filler. For fillers with a lower bulk density (e.g. hollow microspheres) is the preferred amount of alkali silicate higher.
Als Oxidationsmittel wird wie bei den bekannten Speisermassen Eisenoxid und/oder ein Alkalinitrat, wie Natrium- oder Kaliumnitrat, verwendet, wobei das Reduktionsprodukt des letzteren (Alkalinitrit bzw. Alkalioxid) mit dem reaktiven Aluminiumoxid reagiert.As an oxidizing agent, as with the known feeder masses Iron oxide and / or an alkali nitrate, such as sodium or potassium nitrate, used, the reduction product of the latter (Alkali nitrite or alkali oxide) with the reactive aluminum oxide responding.
Vorzugsweise hat der SiOS-haltige Füllstoff einen SiO2-Gehalt von mindestens 50 Gew.-%, insbesondere von mehr als 60 Gew.-%.The filler containing SiO S preferably has an SiO 2 content of at least 50% by weight, in particular more than 60% by weight.
Als temperaturbeständige SiO2-haltige Füllstoffe können Quarzsand und/oder Aluminiumsilicate verwendet werden, wobei im letzteren Fall vorzugsweise Mikrohohlkugeln, gemahlene Schamotte und/oder mineralische Fasern verwendet werden.Quartz sand and / or aluminum silicates can be used as temperature-resistant fillers containing SiO 2 , in the latter case preferably hollow microspheres, ground chamotte and / or mineral fibers are used.
Das reaktive Aluminiumoxid hat vorzugsweise folgende Eigenschaften:
Al2O3-Gehalt > 90%
Gehalt an OH-Gruppen: bis zu 5 % (in Abhängigkeit vom
Teilchendurchmesser)
Spezifische Oberfläche (BET) etwa 1 bis 10 m2/g
Mittlerer Teilchendurchmesser (d50) : 0,5 bis 15 µm.The reactive aluminum oxide preferably has the following properties:
Al 2 O 3 content> 90%
Content of OH groups: up to 5% (depending on the particle diameter)
Specific surface area (BET) about 1 to 10 m 2 / g
Average particle diameter (d 50 ): 0.5 to 15 µm.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Verminderung des Hohlbrandes bei im wesentlichen fluoridfreien Speisermassen; das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine wie vorstehend definierte Speisermasse verwendet.The invention also relates to a method for reduction the hollow fire in substantially fluoride-free feed masses; the process is characterized in that a feed mass as defined above is used.
Weiterhin wurde gefunden, daß bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Speisermasse überraschenderweise eine Veränderung des im Speiser enthaltenen schmelzflüssigen Eisens stattfindet, die bis in das Gußstück hineinreicht. Es wird das metallische Grundgefüge dahingehend verändert, daß eine Entartung der erstarrten Gießmasse durch die Bildung von Lamellengraphit verhindert und der erwünschte Kugelgraphit gebildet wird. Dies ist möglicherweise auf die Anweseneit des Magnesiums in der Speisermasse als sphärogenem Zusatz zurückzuführen, obwohl dieses nicht unmittelbar mit dem schmelzflüssiger. Eisen in Berührung kommt und daher auch keine Wechselwirkung zwischen den beiden zu erwarten war. Eine Reaktion des in der Speisermasse enthaltenden Magnesiums mit dem schmelzflüssigen Eisen in der Dampfphase kann als ausgeschlossen gelten, da Magnesium einen äußerst niedrigen Dampfdruck hat und die Speisermasse zwischen den Körnern des feinkörnigen Minerals Lufteinschtüsse enthält, so daß das dampfförmige Magnesium sofort mit dem Luftsauerstoff reagieren würde. Die Erklärung für den durch die Erfindung erzielbaren Effekt liegt wahrscheinlich darin, daß die Speisermasse Verunreinigungen (z.B. Schwefel) enthält, die ohne das Magnesium in der Speisermasse in das schmelzflüssige Eisen diffundieren und auf diese Weise mit den sehr geringen Mengen des sphärogenen Zusatzes (z.B. Magnesium) im schmelzflüssigen Eisen reagieren können, so daß sich beim Erstarren des Eisens kein Kugelgraphit, sondern Lamellengraphit bildet. Es wird angenommen, daß das Magnesium in der Speisermasse mit den darin enthaltenene Verunreinigungen reagiert, so daß diese nicht mehr in das schmelzflüssige Eisen diffundieren können. Das Magnesium hat also offenbar eine "Scanvenger"-Funktion.Furthermore, it was found that when using the invention Surprisingly, the mass of the feeder is changing molten iron contained in the feeder takes place, that extends into the casting. It becomes metallic Basic structure changed so that a degeneracy of solidified casting compound through the formation of lamellar graphite prevented and the desired spheroidal graphite is formed. This is possibly due to the presence of magnesium in the Food mass attributed as a spherical additive, though this not directly with the molten. Iron in Comes into contact and therefore no interaction between the two were expected. A reaction of the in the crowd containing magnesium with the molten iron in the vapor phase can be considered excluded because of magnesium has an extremely low vapor pressure and the feed mass Air intakes between the grains of the fine-grained mineral contains, so that the vaporous magnesium immediately with the Atmospheric oxygen would react. The explanation for the by the effect achievable by the invention is probably that the feed mass contains impurities (e.g. sulfur), which without the magnesium in the feeder mass into the molten Diffuse iron and in this way with the very low Amounts of the spheroidal additive (e.g. magnesium) in the molten iron can react, so that when solidifying not spheroidal graphite, but lamellar graphite forms. It is believed that the magnesium in the feeder mass reacts with the impurities contained therein, so that they no longer diffuse into the molten iron can. The magnesium apparently has a "scanvenger" function.
Neben dem Magnesium können auch andere sphärogene Zusätze, wie Cer, verwendet werden. Alkalimetalle oder andere Erdalkalimetalle als Magnesium, z.B. Calcium, sind nicht so gut geeignet, da sie an der Luft leicht oxidieren.In addition to magnesium, other spheroid additives, such as Cer, can be used. Alkali metals or other alkaline earth metals as magnesium, e.g. Calcium, are not as well suited because they oxidize easily in the air.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist somit auch ein Verfahren zur Verhinderung von Graphitentartungen im Speiseraufsatzbereich und in dem in das Gußstück hineinreichenden Bereich; dieses Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine wie vorstehend definierte Speisermasse verwendet.The invention thus also relates to a method for prevention of graphite degeneracy in the feeder top area and in the area reaching into the casting; This method is characterized in that one as above defined feeder mass used.
Die Erfindung ist durch die nachstehenden Beispiele erläutert.The invention is illustrated by the examples below.
(Al2O3-Gehalt 99 %,
BET-Oberfläche <6 m2/g,
d50 4 - 8 µmReactive Al 2 O 3 :
(Al 2 O 3 content 99%,
BET surface area <6 m 2 / g,
d 50 4 - 8 µm
Die Komponenten werden gut durchgemischt, und die erhaltene Masse wird in eine Speiserform eingefüllt. Die Speiserform wird mit Kohlendioxid begast; das Wasserglas reagiert unter Bildung von kolloidaler Kieselsäure und Natriumcarbonat mit dem Kohlendioxid.und verfestigt den Speiser. Dann wird die Masse bis zur Gewichtskonstanz getrocknet.The components are mixed well, and the resultant The mass is poured into a dish. The riser shape is gassed with carbon dioxide; the water glass reacts under Formation of colloidal silica and sodium carbonate with the carbon dioxide. and solidifies the feeder. Then the Mass dried to constant weight.
Der Speiser wird auf das Gußmodell aufgesetzt und damit eingeformt, worauf schmelzflüssiges Eisen in die Form gegossen wird. Hierbei entzündet sich die Speisermasse unter Temperaturerhöhung, wobei das aus dem Wasserglas erhaltene Natriumcarbonat und das Reduktionsprodukt des Natriumnitrats bevorzugt mit dem reaktiven Al2O3 reagieren, so daß der bei der Reaktion mit dem Sand auftretende Hohlbrand vermindert wird. Nach Beendigung des Gußvorgangs wird der Speiser entfernt. Der Speiser zeigt nach der Reaktion im Schnitt eine Vielzahl von kleinen Hohlräumen, die nicht durch Kanäle miteinander verbunden sind und die somit auch kein Eisen enthalten (Fig. 1).The feeder is placed on the cast model and molded with it, whereupon molten iron is poured into the mold. Here, the feed mass ignites with an increase in temperature, the sodium carbonate obtained from the water glass and the reduction product of the sodium nitrate preferably reacting with the reactive Al 2 O 3 , so that the hollow fire occurring during the reaction with the sand is reduced. At the end of the casting process, the feeder is removed. After the reaction, the feeder shows on average a large number of small cavities which are not connected to one another by channels and which therefore also contain no iron (FIG. 1).
Schüttgewicht 350 cm3/g, SiO2-Gehalt 55 - 65 %)SiO 2 hollow microspheres (0 - 0.5 mm grain)
Bulk density 350 cm 3 / g, SiO 2 content 55 - 65%)
Die Bestandteile werden wie nach Beispiel 1 miteinander vermischt, in eine Speiserform gebracht, mit Kohlendioxid begast und getrocknet. Der Guß wird ebenfalls wie nach Beispiel 1 durchgeführt. Der Schnitt der umgesetzten Speisermasse zeigt im wesentlichen die gleiche Porenstruktur wie der Speiser von Beispiel 1.The ingredients are mixed together as in Example 1, brought into a food pan, gassed with carbon dioxide and dried. The casting is also as in Example 1 carried out. The section of the converted feeder mass shows essentially the same pore structure as the feeder of Example 1.
Die Rezeptur war die gleiche wie von Beispiel 1, wobei jedoch statt des reaktiven Al2O3 9 Gew.-% Al2O3 mit folgenden Eigenschaften verwendet wurden: Al2O3-Gehalt 99 %, Körnung 0 bis 0,5 mm (d50 = 200 µm).The recipe was the same as in Example 1, but using instead of the reactive Al 2 O 3 9% by weight Al 2 O 3 with the following properties: Al 2 O 3 content 99%, grain size 0 to 0.5 mm (d 50 = 200 µm).
Die weitere Verarbeitung erfolgte wie nach Beispiel 1. Der erhaltene Speiser (Ausschnitt der Speiserwandung siehe Figur 2) zeigt nach der Reaktion einen starken Hohlbrand mit einem großen Hohlraumvolumen in der Mitte, das über Kanäle mit kleineren Hohlräumen verbunden ist, die bis in den Bereich des schmelzflüssigen Eisens reichen. Alle Hohlräume sind mit erstarrtem Eisen gefüllt. Beim Zerschlagen des Speisers haften an den Eisenstücken noch Reste der umgesetzten Speisermasse. Die Druckfestigkeit des üblicherweise hergestellten zylindrischen Prüfkörpers (d = 50 mm, h = 50 mm) zur Qualitätskontrolle der Speisermasse von Beispiel 3 ist etwa 35 % kleiner als die des Prüfkörpers von Beispiel 1.The further processing was carried out as in Example 1. The obtained Feeder (section of the feeder wall see Figure 2) shows a strong hollow fire with a after the reaction large void volume in the middle, that through channels with smaller Cavities connected up to the area of the molten iron are enough. All cavities are frozen Iron filled. Stick when smashing the feeder remains of the converted feeder mass on the iron pieces. The compressive strength of the usually manufactured cylindrical Test specimen (d = 50 mm, h = 50 mm) for quality control the feed mass of Example 3 is about 35% smaller than that of the test specimen of Example 1.
Claims (10)
- An exothermic feeder containing aluminium and magnesium, at least one oxidising agent, a filler containing SiO2 and an alkali silicate as binder, characterised in that it contains approximately 2.5 to 20% by weight of a reactive aluminium oxide with a specific surface of at least approximately 0.5 m2/g and an average particle diameter (d50) of approximately 0.5 to 8 µm, and in that it is practically free of fluoride-containing flux agents.
- A feeder according to Claim 1, characterised in that the reactive aluminium oxide has a specific surface of approximately 1 to 10 m2/g.
- A feeder according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised by the composition:aluminium: 20-35% by weight, preferably 22-28% by weightmagnesium: 1.5-10% by weight, preferably 2-7% by weight,oxidising agent 8-20%, preferably 10-15% by weightreactive aluminium oxide 4-18% by weight, preferably 8-13% by weightalkali silicate: 8-22% by weight, preferably 10-13% by weight or 17-22% by weighttemperature-resistant filler containing SiO2: 58.5 to 17% by weight, preferably 43 - 29% by weight.
- A feeder according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the oxidising agent represents iron oxide and/or an alkali nitrate.
- A feeder according to any one Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the temperature-resistant filler containing SiO2 has an SiO2 content of at least 50% by weight, preferably more than 60% by weight.
- A feeder according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that quartz sand and/or aluminium silicate are used as temperature-resistant fillers containing SiO2.
- A feeder according to Claim 6, characterised in that hollow microspheres, ground chamotte and/or mineral fibres are used as the temperature-resistant fillers containing SiO2.
- A feeder according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the reactive aluminium oxide has the following properties:
Al2O3 content > 90%
content of OH groups: up to 5%
specific surface (BET): 1 to 10 m2/g
average particle diameter (d50) : 0.5 - 15 µm. - A method of reducing hollow burning in substantially fluoride-free feeders, characterised in that a feeder according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 is used.
- A method of preventing graphite degeneration in the feeder batch region and in the region extending into the casting, characterised in that a feeder according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 is used.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19925167A DE19925167A1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 1999-06-01 | Exothermic feeder mass |
| DE19925167 | 1999-06-01 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/004597 WO2000073236A2 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-05-20 | Exothermic feeder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1198435A2 EP1198435A2 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
| EP1198435B1 true EP1198435B1 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
Family
ID=7909940
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00935084A Expired - Lifetime EP1198435B1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-05-20 | Exothermic feeder |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6972059B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1198435B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003500221A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE231112T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19925167A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2192178T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000073236A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010057464A3 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-10-21 | AS Lüngen GmbH | Molding material mixture and feeder for casting aluminum |
Families Citing this family (30)
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| DE10059481B4 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2012-02-23 | AS Lüngen GmbH | Feeder with a tube-like body |
| DE20115140U1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2002-01-31 | Luengen Gmbh & Co Kg As | Feeder with a tubular body |
| BR0215879B1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2014-01-21 | Process for blow molding and cold box curing of an exothermic glove for casting molds and glove | |
| EP1539656A2 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2005-06-15 | Erico International Corporation | Heat-producing material and device |
| DE102004042535B4 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2019-05-29 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metal processing, process and use |
| DE102005011644A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | AS Lüngen GmbH & Co. KG | Exothermic and insulating feeder inserts with high gas permeability |
| US20070017955A1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-01-25 | Siracki Glenn T | Weld metal material apparatus and method |
| DE102006061876A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-03 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Molding material mixture, useful for producing casting molds for metal processing, comprises a fireproof molding base material, a binder based on water glass, a particulate metal oxide, e.g. silicon dioxide and further a carbohydrate |
| WO2008046651A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-24 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Moulding material mixture containing carbohydrates |
| DE102006049379A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-24 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Phosphorus-containing molding material mixture for the production of casting molds for metal processing |
| DE102007008149A1 (en) | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-21 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Thermal regeneration of foundry sand |
| DE102007012660B4 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2009-09-24 | Chemex Gmbh | Core-shell particles for use as filler for feeder masses |
| DE102007051850A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Molding compound with improved flowability |
| DE202010007015U1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2010-08-26 | AS Lüngen GmbH | Magnetic feeder |
| DE102011114626A1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating materials for inorganic molds and cores and their use |
| DE102011115025A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores containing salts and their use |
| DE102011115024A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores comprising formic acid esters and their use |
| CN103551515B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Exothermic heat-preservation feeder for casting and preparation method of feeder |
| RU2588974C2 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-07-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный институт путей сообщения" (МИИТ) | Complex exothermic mixture |
| DE102015223008A1 (en) | 2015-11-21 | 2017-05-24 | H2K Minerals Gmbh | Mold, process for its preparation and use |
| CN105665615B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2018-10-02 | 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 | A kind of casting waterglass curing agent and its preparation method and application |
| DE102017107658A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | A sizing composition for the foundry industry containing particulate amorphous silica and acid |
| DE102017107657A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | A sizing composition comprising organic ester compounds and particulate amorphous silica for use in the foundry industry |
| DE102017107655A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Use of an acid-containing sizing composition in the foundry industry |
| DE102017107531A1 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Process for the production of casting molds, cores and mold base materials regenerated therefrom |
| DE102018200607A1 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | Reinsicht Gmbh | Process for the production of molds and cores suitable for the manufacture of fiber composite bodies or castings of metal or plastic, mold bases and binders usable in the process and molds and cores produced by the process |
| DE102020127603A1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2022-04-21 | Kurtz Gmbh | Method and device for casting a metal casting using a sand core |
| US20240189889A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2024-06-13 | Foseco International Limited | Refractory article and composition |
| DE202022105722U1 (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-04 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Feeder with moveable spout |
| DE202023100381U1 (en) | 2023-01-27 | 2024-01-30 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Feeder with lid |
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| US2500097A (en) * | 1947-10-14 | 1950-03-07 | Peter J Soffel | Exothermic composition for controlling the fluidity of castings |
| US2798818A (en) * | 1954-03-15 | 1957-07-09 | Exomet | Moldable exothermic compositions |
| US3162558A (en) * | 1963-04-25 | 1964-12-22 | Exomet | Moldable exothermic composition |
| FR1442499A (en) * | 1965-05-06 | 1966-06-17 | Doittau Produits Metallurg | Improvement of the linings of steel molds or foundry molds |
| US3326273A (en) * | 1965-12-28 | 1967-06-20 | Foseco Int | Exothermic hot top |
| DD60121A1 (en) * | 1967-03-28 | 1968-02-05 | ||
| GB1373924A (en) * | 1970-11-12 | 1974-11-13 | Exomet | Metallurgical hot topping compositions |
| US3953219A (en) * | 1971-07-10 | 1976-04-27 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Powdery composition for heat retention of feeder head |
| JPS4931535A (en) * | 1972-07-22 | 1974-03-22 | ||
| US3982929A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1976-09-28 | Esm, Inc. | Composition for a fluidizing flux in the production of iron and steel |
| US4081168A (en) * | 1974-09-12 | 1978-03-28 | Foseco Trading, A.G. | Hot top lining slabs and sleeves |
| US4008109A (en) | 1975-07-01 | 1977-02-15 | Chemincon Incorporated | Shaped heat insulating articles |
| DE2532745C2 (en) * | 1975-07-22 | 1985-09-26 | Chemineon Inc.,, Southfield, Mich. | Heat-insulating lining for feeders |
| JPS5421414A (en) | 1977-07-19 | 1979-02-17 | Foseco Trading Ag | Fireeresistant* heattgnerating* heattinsulating product and method of making same |
| US4880483A (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1989-11-14 | Alloy Surfaces Company, Inc. | Pyrophoric composition |
| DE7916621U1 (en) | 1979-06-08 | 1981-07-09 | Foseco Gesellschaft für chemischmetallurgische Erzeugnisse mbH, 4280 Borken | DEVICE FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF CASTING MOLDS WITH FEEDERS |
| GB2063126B (en) | 1979-06-14 | 1983-01-26 | Foseco Int | Production of metal castings |
| DE3418137C2 (en) * | 1984-05-16 | 1986-10-02 | Mannesmann Rexroth GmbH, 8770 Lohr | Feeder for a casting to be made in particular from cast iron |
| DE3445209A1 (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1986-06-12 | Gebrüder Lüngen GmbH & Co KG, 4006 Erkrath | EXTERNAL HEATING MASSAGE FOR CASTING PIECES |
| GB8512514D0 (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1985-06-19 | Foseco Int | Molten metal casting & feeder sleeves |
| US5180759A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1993-01-19 | Foseco International Limited | Exothermic compositions |
| GB8610739D0 (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1986-06-04 | Foseco Int | Exothermic compositions |
| US5370370A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-12-06 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Liner for submerged entry nozzle |
| GB9308363D0 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1993-06-09 | Foseco Int | Refractory compositions for use in the casting of metals |
| US6133340A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-10-17 | Ashland Inc. | Sleeves, their preparation, and use |
-
1999
- 1999-06-01 DE DE19925167A patent/DE19925167A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-20 JP JP2000621306A patent/JP2003500221A/en active Pending
- 2000-05-20 US US10/009,537 patent/US6972059B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-20 ES ES00935084T patent/ES2192178T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-20 AT AT00935084T patent/ATE231112T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-20 DE DE50001111T patent/DE50001111D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-20 WO PCT/EP2000/004597 patent/WO2000073236A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-20 EP EP00935084A patent/EP1198435B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010057464A3 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-10-21 | AS Lüngen GmbH | Molding material mixture and feeder for casting aluminum |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1198435A2 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
| DE50001111D1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
| US6972059B1 (en) | 2005-12-06 |
| JP2003500221A (en) | 2003-01-07 |
| ES2192178T3 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
| WO2000073236A3 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
| WO2000073236A2 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
| ATE231112T1 (en) | 2003-02-15 |
| DE19925167A1 (en) | 2000-12-14 |
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