EP1198315A1 - Impact pad for a tundish - Google Patents
Impact pad for a tundishInfo
- Publication number
- EP1198315A1 EP1198315A1 EP00937013A EP00937013A EP1198315A1 EP 1198315 A1 EP1198315 A1 EP 1198315A1 EP 00937013 A EP00937013 A EP 00937013A EP 00937013 A EP00937013 A EP 00937013A EP 1198315 A1 EP1198315 A1 EP 1198315A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- impact
- overhang
- impact surface
- pad according
- impact pad
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/003—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with impact pads
Definitions
- This invention relates to the handling of molten metal, especially steel.
- the invention relates to a tundish impact pad, i.e. an article formed from refractory material to be placed on the floor of a tundish to receive an incoming stream of molten metal poured into the tundish from a ladle.
- the invention has particular utility in the continuous casting of steel.
- WO 96/14951 discloses a tundish impact pad comprising a body of refractory material capable of withstanding contact with molten steel in a tundish.
- the impact pad body comprises a base having an impact surface, an outer sidewall extending upwardly from the impact surface, and a top surface connected to the sidewall and defining an opening therein.
- the top surface has an inner annular portion substantially parallel to the impact surface, and there is a substantially right angled corner between the sidewall and the impact surface, and also between the sidewall and the inner annular portion of the top surface.
- This impact pad provides increased residence time of the molten steel in the tundish, which is important to ensure that unwanted inclusions have sufficient time to float to the surface of the steel and to be removed.
- WO 97/37799 discloses a tundish impact pad comprising a body of refractory material capable of withstanding contact with molten steel in a tundish.
- the impact pad body comprises a base having an impact surface for molten steel, an outer sidewall extending upwardly from the impact surface and extending around the base to completely enclose it.
- An annular body portion connected to the sidewall provides a top surface substantially parallel to the impact surface and defines an opening into which molten steel can be poured, the lower surface of the annular body portion and the inner face of the sidewall defining a recess having an undercut portion extending continuously around and above the impact surface.
- a portion of the top surface is at a lower level than the remainder of the top surface and the recess beneath the portion of the top surface is of smaller cross-section than the remainder of the recess.
- This impact pad is particularly useful for improving the flow characteristics in elongate tundishes in which the molten steel is poured into the tundish at an end of the tundish and the or each outlet for the steel is at the opposite end of the tundish.
- the impact pad is oriented such that the lower level portion of the end wall is adjacent to the end wall next to the incoming stream of molten steel, so that the steel rebounding from the pad preferentially flows towards this end wall. This has the effect of markedly reducing the surface turbulence created in the tundish, and generally improving the flow paths, resulting in the production of cleaner steel.
- the incoming stream of molten metal (the "ladle stream") to be "off-center", i.e. not located on the longitudinal axis of the tundish.
- the ladle shroud the pipe through which in-coming metal flows from the ladle into the tundish
- the ladle shroud normally moves together with a sliding gate valve which controls the flow of the metal from the ladle, and since the valve is frequently only partially open in order to limit the flow rate, the ladle shroud is frequently off-centre with respect to the tundish.
- a tundish impact pad formed from refractory material comprising a base having an impact surface which in use faces upwardly to receive molten metal poured onto the impact pad, and a wall extending upwardly from the base around at least part of the periphery of the impact surface, the wall including an overhang projecting over a peripheral region of the impact surface, the overhang including a plurality of protrusions which project further over the impact surface than the remainder of the overhang.
- the wall preferably extends around the entire periphery of the impact surface, fully enclosing the impact surface.
- the invention provides a tundish containing an impact pad according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the tundish is preferably elongate in shape (i.e. in plan view), it preferably has outlets near each longitudinal end, and in use the incoming stream of molten metal, and thus the impact pad, are preferably located substantially in the longitudinal centre of the tundish.
- the tundish preferably includes at least one dam extending across its width between the impact pad and an outlet.
- the top surface of the dam preferably has a central portion (i.e. central with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tundish) which is lower than peripheral portions on each side of it. This generally aids in directing the flow of the molten metal towards the longitudinal axis of the tundish.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that the provision of a plurality of protrusions which project further over the impact surface than the remainder of the overhang of the peripheral wall generally causes the molten metal rebounding from the impact surface to be directed substantially towards the centre of the impact pad. This generally has the effect of causing substantially symmetrical flow of the molten metal out of the impact pad, even if the metal flowing into the pad onto the impact surface is "off-centre", i.e. spaced a distance from the centre of the pad.
- Such substantially symmetrical flow out of the impact pad generally causes symmetrical flow throughout the tundish, resulting in the reduction of so-called “dead zones" where the rate of flow of the molten metal is relatively low (causing poor replenishment of fresh metal and the possibility of solidification of the metal) and generally improving the consistency of residence time in the tundish experienced by the molten metal.
- the impact surface of the pad preferably has at least two corners (e.g. four corners) over which a respective protrusion projects.
- at least one (and preferably all) of the corners may be formed at the convergence of substantially straight sides of the impact surface.
- the impact surface may be substantially polygonal, most preferably substantially quadrangular, especially substantially rectangular or square.
- a protrusion preferably projects over each corner of a polygonal impact surface.
- at least one protrusion (preferably two protrusions or more) may extend along at least most of the length of a respective side of the impact surface, and may even extend along substantially the entire length of a respective side of the impact surface.
- the distance by which the overhang extending between two said protrusions projects over the impact surface is substantially uniform along at least most of its length.
- the overhang extending between two protrusions may advantageously be substantially straight along at least most of its length.
- the distance by which the overhang projects over the impact surface may be substantially non-uniform along at least most of its length, for example one or more of the overhang(s) extending between two protrusions may be curved in plan view, for example such that the or each overhang projects further over the impact surface at the centre of its length than it does at each end, or alternatively such that it projects further at each end than it does at its centre.
- each overhang between protrusions may be varied according to each particular circumstance, e.g. depending upon the shape and/or size of the tundish, and/or the amount by which the incoming stream of molten metal is off-centre, or according to any other particular requirements of the user.
- the maximum distance by which the or each protrusion of the impact pad projects over the impact surface is preferably at least 110%, more preferably at least 120%, even more preferably at least 140%, especially at least 150% of the maximum distance by which the remainder of the overhang projects over the impact surface.
- the or each protrusion of the impact pad projects over the impact surface by a maximum distance preferably of no more than 600%, more preferably no more than 500%, especially no more than 450% of the maximum distance by which the remainder of the overhang projects over the impact surface.
- the height of the overhang above the impact surface may be non-uniform along its length.
- the height of the overhang extending between two of the protrusions is preferably different to that of the overhang extending between one of the two protrusions and another protrusion, or between two other protrusions.
- at least one portion of the overhang which is lower than that of another portion of the overhang may project a greater distance over the impact surface than does the other, higher, portion of the overhang. This has been found to cause molten metal rebounding from the impact surface and impinging on such lower overhangs to be re-directed back towards the centre of the impact pad generally more forcefully than the metal impinging on the higher overhangs. This in turn appears to contribute to causing the metal to flow symmetrically away from the impact pad. (However, no limitation on the interpretation of the invention should be construed from the postulated explanations stated herein of the functioning of its various aspects.)
- the peripheral region of the impact surface comprises a trough extending around at least part of a central region of the impact surface.
- the trough is preferably wider at the corners than elsewhere.
- the shape of the trough in plan view may substantially mirror that of the overhang of the wall.
- Figure 1 shows, in isometric projection, a tundish impact pad according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows, in isometric projection, a longitudinal cross-section of the tundish impact pad shown in Figure 1 ;
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the asymmetric flow of molten metal in an elongate tundish from an off-centre ladle-shroud
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the symmetric flow of molten metal in an elongate tundish from an off-centre ladle-shroud using an impact pad and novel dams according to the invention.
- Figure 5 shows a dam as shown schematically in Figure 4.
- FIG. 1 shows a tundish impact pad 1 according to the invention, comprising a base 3 having an impact surface 5 which in use faces upwardly to receive molten metal poured onto the impact pad, and a wall 7 extending upwardly from the base around the periphery of the impact surface, the wall including an overhang 9 projecting over a peripheral region 11 of the impact surface, the overhang including a plurality of protrusions 13 which project further over the impact surface than the remainder of the overhang.
- the impact pad 1 is rectangular in plan view, both the base 3 and the impact surface 5 being rectangular in shape.
- Each of the protrusions 13 is located at one of the four corners of the pad.
- the overhang 9a is relatively small, and is substantially straight and uniform.
- the overhang 9b is relatively large, and is curved in plan view. Furthermore, the overhangs 9b are at a lower level above the impact surface than are the overhangs 9a.
- the peripheral region 11 of the impact surface comprises a trough, the shape of which substantially mirrors that of the entire overhang (9a, 9b, 13).
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal cross-section of the impact pad of Figure 1.
- the extent of the overhangs 9b is clearly visible, as is the depth of the trough 11. It is also clear that the shorter walls 7b are perpendicular to the impact surface 5, and the overhangs 9b are perpendicular to the walls 7b.
- the longer walls 7a are, however, inclined to the perpendicular, i.e. they slope outwardly from the impact surface to the overhangs 9a.
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the asymmetric flow of molten metal in an elongate tundish from an off-centre ladle-shroud.
- the tundish is shown in plan view, with the incoming ladle-stream of molten metal represented by a circle in the longitudinal centre of the tundish but off-centre in a transverse direction, i.e. closer to one longitudinal sidewall of the tundish than the other.
- the tundish also contains a pair of dams 15 (containing holes to permit flow-through of the molten metal) on either longitudinal side of the tundish, and outlets indicated by circles at each end of the tundish.
- the arrows indicate the flow paths of the molten metal; in part (a), the initial flow paths of metal entering the tundish are shown. (According to normal working practice, the tundish is already full of molten metal flowing through it - the flow paths shown merely indicate the predominant flow paths at various distances from the tundish.) Even at this early stage it can be seen that because the ladle-stream is off-centre, the flow is asymmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tundish. In part (b), the molten metal has begun to flow through the dams, and the asymmetry of the flow paths is even more apparent. In part (c), the molten metal has reached the outlets.
- dead-zones where there is little or no flow of the molten metal during these steady-state conditions.
- the presence of dead zones in a tundish is a major problem, since the metal cools in these regions and may start to solidify; they also cause variations in the composition of the metal flowing out of the tundish.
- FIG 4 shows how the flow paths of the molten metal are changed by the use of an impact pad 1 according to the invention. Also present in the tundish of Figure 4 are dams 19 located closer to the outlets than the dams of Figure 3. These dams have a central portion 21 of their top surface which is lower than the peripheral portions 23 on either side of it.
- FIG. 5 shows a front view and a cross-sectional view of a dam 19 (shown only schematically in Figure 4).
- the dam has a bottom surface 25 and side surfaces 27 shaped and sized to fit tightly in a tundish across its width. Its top surface has a central portion 21 which is lower than peripheral portions 23 on either side of it. This has the effect of channelling molten metal flowing over the dam along a generally axial flow path in the tundish. It is therefore complementary to the impact pad, in causing symmetrical and/or axial flow of molten metal in the tundish.
- the dam also has a plurality of holes 29 extending through it, to allow molten metal to flow through the dam in addition to the molten metal which can flow over the dam.
- the holes 29 are inclined upwards in the direction of flow of the molten metal, so as to impart an upwardly directed flow path to the metal flowing through the holes.
- the angle of inclination of the holes is preferably greater for the lower holes and preferably decreases on rising up the dam.
- the lowest holes preferably have an angle of inclination of 40°, reducing to 30° and then 20° respectively for the higher holes.
- the dimensions shown are in millimetres.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Ladders (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200030217T SI1198315T1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2000-06-07 | Impact pad for a tundish |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9913241.7A GB9913241D0 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 1999-06-08 | Impact pad for tundish |
GB9913241 | 1999-06-08 | ||
PCT/GB2000/002070 WO2000074879A1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2000-06-07 | Impact pad for a tundish |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1198315A1 true EP1198315A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
EP1198315B1 EP1198315B1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
Family
ID=10854899
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00937013A Expired - Lifetime EP1198315B1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2000-06-07 | Impact pad for a tundish |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20020033567A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1198315B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4344107B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100619318B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1170647C (en) |
AR (1) | AR024294A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE251000T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU770032B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG64341B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0011386A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2375134A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ299614B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60005674T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1198315T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2209900T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9913241D0 (en) |
HU (1) | HU223442B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA01012073A (en) |
MY (1) | MY125091A (en) |
PL (1) | PL193912B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1198315E (en) |
RS (1) | RS49851B (en) |
SK (1) | SK286467B6 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200103534T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW509601B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000074879A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200109194B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZA200206261B (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-04-07 | Foseco Int | Metallurgical impact pad. |
DE10235867B3 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-04-08 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co.Kg | Refractory ceramic component |
US6929775B2 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2005-08-16 | Magneco/Metrel, Inc. | Tundish impact pad |
US7468157B2 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-12-23 | North American Refractories Co. | Impact pad for metallurgical vessels |
EP2193861A1 (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-09 | Foseco International Limited | Tundish Impact pad. |
JP5556421B2 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2014-07-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of high cleanliness steel slab by continuous casting |
JP5556465B2 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2014-07-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of high cleanliness steel slab by continuous casting |
EP2418032B2 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2016-04-06 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Flame-retardant ceramic impact absorber |
BRPI1002628A2 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-03-27 | Magnesita Refratarios S A | turbulence reducer for use in continuous casting steel distributors |
KR101867645B1 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2018-06-15 | 베수비우스 유에스에이 코포레이션 | Impact pad |
EP2537609A1 (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-26 | Calderys Ukraine Ltd. | Metal-flow impact pad and diffuser for tundish |
CN103252465B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-07-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of turbulence inhibitor for asymmetric continuous casting production |
DE102016214236A1 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Impact pot, device for casting a metallic melt and method for casting a metallic melt |
TWI739877B (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2021-09-21 | 美商維蘇威美國公司 | Impact pad and method for reducing the effects of misalignment of an impinging stream of molten steel entering a refractory vessel |
CN110814330A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-02-21 | 武汉科技大学 | Top rotating type turbulence controller for continuous casting tundish |
CN111570777B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-11 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Tundish current stabilizer |
CN114406216B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-05-31 | 河北敬业高品钢科技有限公司 | Transition device of double-roller thin-belt continuous casting flow distributor and construction method thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59141353A (en) * | 1983-02-02 | 1984-08-14 | Aikoo Kk | Tundish for casting steel |
US4776570A (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1988-10-11 | Sidbec Dosco Inc. | Ladle stream breaker |
US5169591A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1992-12-08 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
US5358551A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1994-10-25 | Ccpi, Inc. | Turbulence inhibiting tundish and impact pad and method of using |
US5518153A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-21 | Foseco International Limited | Tundish impact pad |
CN1069243C (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 2001-08-08 | 福塞科国际有限公司 | Tundish impact pad |
US5662823A (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-09-02 | A. P. Green Industries, Inc. | Impact pad |
GB9607556D0 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1996-06-12 | Foseco Int | Tundish impact pad |
US6102260A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 2000-08-15 | Psc Technologies, Inc. | Impact pad |
US5861121A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1999-01-19 | Psc Technologies, Inc. | Chamber for reception, Lateral division and redirection of liquid metal flow |
FR2756762B1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-12-31 | Ugine Savoie Sa | SUPPLY TANK INTENDED TO RETAIN MELTED METAL AND IN PARTICULAR STEEL |
-
1999
- 1999-06-08 GB GBGB9913241.7A patent/GB9913241D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-06-05 MY MYPI20002508 patent/MY125091A/en unknown
- 2000-06-06 AR ARP000102800A patent/AR024294A1/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 RS YUP-862/01A patent/RS49851B/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 HU HU0201462A patent/HU223442B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-07 CN CNB008086370A patent/CN1170647C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 SK SK1683-2001A patent/SK286467B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-07 BR BR0011386-7A patent/BR0011386A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-07 MX MXPA01012073A patent/MXPA01012073A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-07 EP EP00937013A patent/EP1198315B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 DK DK00937013T patent/DK1198315T3/en active
- 2000-06-07 WO PCT/GB2000/002070 patent/WO2000074879A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-07 CA CA002375134A patent/CA2375134A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-07 PT PT00937013T patent/PT1198315E/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 JP JP2001501397A patent/JP4344107B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 AU AU52309/00A patent/AU770032B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-07 TR TR2001/03534T patent/TR200103534T2/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 AT AT00937013T patent/ATE251000T1/en active
- 2000-06-07 KR KR1020017014872A patent/KR100619318B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-07 ES ES00937013T patent/ES2209900T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 PL PL00351868A patent/PL193912B1/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 CZ CZ20014350A patent/CZ299614B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-07 DE DE60005674T patent/DE60005674T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-16 TW TW089112038A patent/TW509601B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-11-07 ZA ZA200109194A patent/ZA200109194B/en unknown
- 2001-11-07 US US09/986,123 patent/US20020033567A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-07 BG BG106187A patent/BG64341B1/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-04-10 US US10/410,597 patent/US20040070123A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO0074879A1 * |
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