EP1197611B1 - Floor plate for dismantable floor - Google Patents

Abstract

Ready made flooring plate has an essentially square surface comprising two layers. The upper layer forms a continuous covering layer and the lower layer is preferably in the form of a panel of base plates. A device (90, 92) for forming a wear-resistant denticulation in the surface of the flooring plate is provided on the sides of the joint (24). Preferred Features: The device for forming the denticulation is formed by a lower layer or by a pair of surfaces directed symmetrically to a surface vertical to a joint.

Description

The invention relates to a floor finish plate for Forming a removable, preferably area elastic floor, according to the preamble of Claim 1, as well as on a floor based on Such floor finished panels can be produced.

Such removable floors are in many ways Copy known.

For example, from document DE 83 02 887 U1 a loose on a flat base loosely become known demontabler sports floor, in which Rectangular panels laid with butt joint in Area of the butt joints by means of horizontal Plastic springs are additionally positioned to allow Counteracting distortions in the vertical direction can be.

From document US 4,538,392 A1 is another, dismountable sports floor known, made of a variety composed of rectangular plates. Around shorter abutment surface attack the deck panels of Floor in a tooth-like manner. The mutual Fixation of the floor finished panels is done by Fittings, which are designed such that a new to be attached floor finish plate first at a corner hung in the laid soil structure and then in the final position is pivoted. This will get the Front sides of the parquet panels of the new to be added Floor finish plate in interlocking engagement with the Covering the blunt adjoining adjacent Floor finished plate.

A floor finish plate according to the preamble of Patent claim 1 is for example from the document DE 195 086 82 A1 known. She has one essentially rectangular base, which consists of two layers consists of which the upper one continuous Cover layer forms and the lower layer preferably in Form of a field of support plates is present. The Support plates are at least partially laterally across the topcoat, with in the bottom layer, preferably sunk, in the region of a corner section as well as in the middle section of the adjoining one Rectangle bumper edge Pulling parts in the form of flat, longitudinally elastic shaped springs pivotally supported are receivable. The shaped springs are for clamping the abutting prefabricated panel in snap engagement with a fastened there at a predetermined distance to the butt joint Locking bolt brought.

Dismountable sports or multipurpose indoor floors increasingly used. With the help of the above described clamping technology is a mobile sports floor created in the short term in multipurpose, trade fair, Athletics or ice rink can be installed, making multi-purpose halls of extended use be supplied. The floor elements of such a demountable Sports floors are in interaction with the Substructure meanwhile so sophisticated that shortly one area elastic sports floor arises, which the Requirements of DIN 18032 Part 2 met. For the economic success of such a mobile sports ground It depends, among other things, with which personnel and Time expenditure can be laid such a sports floor. Further is important, how the laid ground on the Substructure behaves, such. For example, whether he was to faults or to Slipping of the individual floor tiles tends.

There are already several ways to slip-proof Assembly of the elements of such sports floors known usually directly on a foam covered subsoil, but in some cases directly only with the interposition of a Separating layer, for example in the form of a thin Plastic film to be laid on parquet. Both Requirements for fasteners and mounting aids stands here a low-tension mounting at first Location that does not allow even with prolonged use of the soil Faults may result, which is especially in the impact area the floorboards could be problematic. Another criterion is the simplicity of assembly and the formation of the connecting means such that a repeated use, d. H. a use of the Floor panels after repeated construction and dismantling of the floor without problems is possible. Finally, one criterion that to the connection devices for the floorboards is placed, the installation accuracy. Mobile sports floors become from a multiplicity, for example of several a hundred floorboards put together, so that Mounting error over a length of several-tens of meters also affect the external appearance of the soil can.

With known connection devices for removable Soils became these individual criteria described above Taken into account. A mounting technique, however, the partially reluctant criteria such as assembly time, Assembly accuracy, high connection force, protection the floorboard edges and economy of manufacture the floorboards is fair, was still to be found.

For example, from DE-GM 83 02 887 a connection device the floorboards of a demountable Floor known according to the adjacent floor elements by means of several brackets, the bottom side respectively Overlap butt joint and in aligned recesses the bottom plates are received, held together become. A disadvantage of this known connection device is that the connection brackets mounted in Condition of the floor slabs, d. H. then when the together to be joined floor panels abut with each other, are no longer accessible without lifting one of the floor panels. It's not just a bunch of parentheses required, but it consists in dismantling the known dismountable hall floor the risk that the Side edges of the floor panels are damaged.

With the connection technology according to the preamble of Claim 1, as e.g. in the document DE 195 08682 A1 described succeeds, the criteria regarding Ease of assembly, functional safety, protection of the Floor plates and mounting accuracy alike fulfill. The floorboards are exactly defined Spanned points as well as the proposal according to DE-OS 33 36 464 is the case. The applied, preferably multi-S-shaped curved shape spring has the particular advantage that they are in the direction of Height of the floor-finished panels only very little space claimed, however, that they still with simple means can be bent so that already with material cross sections of about 4 mm clamping forces of about 1200 N applies. The bending of the form spring has the advantage, that this holding force due to the longitudinal elasticity the form spring even then within predetermined limits remains when the clamping points due to manufacturing tolerances in terms of location more or less strongly deviate from the reference point. Overstressing the Floor panels are effective in this way locked out. Due to the pivotable mounting of the Form spring on a floor element, the tension adjacent Elements in the end position of the floor elements take place, d. h., a brief lifting of a Floor element for assembly or disassembly or for release the connection device is no longer required. It has also been shown that due to the high holding power despite a simple shaping of the form spring already a small number of clamping points is completely sufficient, around the floor elements even with prolonged use in more exact To keep alignment with each other. Finally, it turns out due to the special design of the form spring in connection with the snap effect, d. H. with the wanted Hinterschnappen two spring legs in the Locking bolt on the floor element to be coupled Mounting security effect. Even inexperienced fitters are in this way purely acoustically able to determine whether a firm locking of the shaped spring with the locking bolt took place

In view of the fact that the above-described Floors are used very versatile and a large There is a need to absorb the load spectrum To make finished floor panels so that under Maintaining the simplest mounting handles one maximum stability of the soil is achievable, too then lose quality if the soil is often and dismantled. The invention is therefore the task underlying to create a floor precast board that satisfies this need.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved.

According to the invention on the side of the rectangular abutting edge vertically extending abutting edges one each Device is provided, with the use of pairs of matching surfaces in the surface of the Floor finished slab sliding teeth with the installed on joint adjacent plate can be produced by a pair of matching surfaces on the side of a finished plate a pair of matching surfaces of the laid on impact, adjacent and identically formed finished plate is assigned. This ensures that the laid on joint Floor finished boards, which still means only three tension springs, and therefore with few Assembly handles accurately positioned to each other will not be able to twist against each other if the floor is at an angle to the surface directed force is charged, which, for example, then occurs when sport is being played on the ground or when Vehicles on the ground are accelerated and slowed down.

Advantageous developments are the subject of Dependent claims.

If the device for making the gearing of the lower layer is formed, the Device complexity kept very small. It is only partially a transformation of the lower Layer required.

A particularly simple design of the teeth one receives, if selected support plates in the area the perpendicular to the rectangular abutting edge Butt edges are shaped so that they provide the means for Forming the toothing.

It has been shown that that the device for Production of the teeth is then particularly effective, if it is formed by a pair of mating surfaces that symmetrical to a perpendicular to the butt joint Level are aligned. A maximum of ease of installation is still given. The Matching surfaces are correspondingly advantageous Formation of plane-parallel surfaces formed as hereby makes the production of the pass tabs easier. However, it is also possible over the inclination of the fitting surfaces an additional mutual Position stabilization of adjacent floor panels to to reach.

The design according to the invention is in particular then advantageous if the floor elements according to claim 6 are formed. The provided below the cover layer Field of preferably square plywood boards is in Angle to the side edges of the upper layer of the Floor finish plate arranged, and therefore also at an angle to the tensile force of the molded over the butt joint form spring. The laid floor so has no preferred Sliding direction, not even if the floor finish plates on a hard surface, such as B. on Parquet only with the interposition of a thin Plastic film are laid as a release layer. The field of Plywood boards in the lower layer leads here automatically to a sawtooth protruding the arranged on the edge side plates of the lower layer, whereby a partial overlap of the floorboards in the area the joints takes place, so that the carrying capacity of the Floor is further increased.

When the mating surfaces are formed by surfaces, the can be produced by an end mill, the Manufacturing costs are kept as low as possible, with preferably a stencil-controlled copy-milling method Application finds.

Preferably, the longitudinally elastic shape spring is in one Swiveling parallel to the plane of the planar element parallel plane supported, preferably stored and has at one End an eye working in conjunction with a fastening bolt forms the hinge. The shape spring can do this in an advantageous manner for articulation on the floorboard can be used, wherein the linkage preferably such takes place that the eye with a certain frictional force of a fastening bolt is held. this leads to Facilitation during transport, since the shaped springs are not unintentionally swing sideways over the floor plate can. This will also reduce the risk of injury prevented. At the same time there is the advantage that the Form springs already captive on the floor element can be attached and in this state to Mounting point can be brought. The assembly times will be significantly reduced.

The shaped spring and best of all the connecting device is preferably sunk in the bottom of the Prefabricated floor panels arranged so that a clean pad the soil is guaranteed and also an immediate one Installation of floorboards on parquet preferably with the interposition of a separation layer is possible, without leaving scratches.

An advantageous design of the fastening bolts and so that the locking bolt is the subject of the claim 14. It has been shown that these bolts readily can be made of plastic, without the permissible To exceed demands. About the election of the diameter and the contact surface of the form spring leave the contact voltages are safe.

For additional fixation of the relative position of two The adjoining flooring panels can be the Floor finish panel to be provided with a fitting, attached to a front side of one of the surface elements is and which is provided with a pin plate in a recess of an abutting element is submerged. This additional fixing device is next to a Leveling also a prefixing of the elements to each other made possible before tightening by means of the form spring.

There are already enough per floor finished plate two Shaped springs and two locking bolts, preferably are mounted on the bodies described in claim 1, immovable positional to the individual floor elements to fix each other.

The design and arrangement of the fitting according to the Claims 18 and 19 enables its precise pre-assembly, the extending away from the pin plate L-shaped section of the fitting with the connecting leg and the mounting plate part of the front side or the underside of the cover layer of the floor element form. The special embedding of the fitting ensures its constant relative position to the associated Covering layer even at high loads.

A particularly reliable fixation of the floor elements relative to each other you get, if on a narrow side a rectangular floor element two of the fittings be arranged while at the opposite Narrow side, i. the other brainpower, corresponding Recesses for receiving the pin plate of an abutting Floor elements are provided.

On the floor panels are preferably in the area each shape spring and each fastening bolt edge recesses formed, whose bases at the Pivoting range of the form spring are adapted so that the peripheral edges the Randausnehmungen in close proximity to Form spring are arranged in the end positions. In this way is the bearing surface of the floor finish plate by the Randausnehmungen only insignificantly reduced, so that a secure support is guaranteed. It has turned out to be proved particularly advantageous, the edge recesses, such as proposed in claim 22, approximately rectangular for the Shaped spring and approximately triangular for the fastening bolt train.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the further subclaims.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines demontierbaren, flächenelastischen Sportbodens unter Verwendung von Fußboden-Fertigplatten nach dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 2

eine ausschnittsweise Ansicht einiger bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 verwendeter Fußboden-Fertigplatten von unten;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Ansicht der fugenversetzt verlegten Fußboden-Fertigplatten zur Verdeutlichung des Spannprinzips;

Fig. 4

in vergrößertem Maßstab eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verzahnung zweier auf Stoß verlegter Fußboden-Fertigplatten;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Teil-Ansicht von unten zweier erfindungsgemäß gestalteter Fußboden-Fertigplatten vor dem Zusammenfügen zum Schließen der Stoßfuge;

Fig. 6

im vergrößerten Maßstab die Einzelheit der Verzahnung im Bereich der Stoßkanten;

Fig. 7

eine Unteransicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel dreier zusammengefügter erfindungsgemäß gestalteter Fußboden-Fertigplatten;

Fig. 8

die Einzelheit VIII in Figur 7;

Fig. 9

den Teilschnitt IX-IX in Figur 8;

Fig. 10

eine Ansicht der Formfeder;

Fig. 11

eine Schnittansicht des Verriegelungs- bzw. Befestigungsbolzens;

Fig. 12

eine Draufsicht des Verriegelungsbolzens;

Fig. 13

eine Detaildarstellung der Einzelheit XVI in Figur 7 mit einer Verbindungstechnik gemäß einer weiteren Variante;

Fig. 14

einen Teilschnitt entlang der Linie Z-Z in Fig. 13;

Fig. 15

eine Unteransicht eines Beschlags aus Fig. 14;

Fig. 16

eine räumliche Darstellung einer Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme des Beschlags aus Fig. 15.

Embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a removable, surface-elastic sports flooring using precast floor panels according to the prior art;

Fig. 2

a fragmentary view of some used in the embodiment of Figure 1 floor panels from below;

Fig. 3

a schematic view of the joint laid floor finished panels to illustrate the clamping principle;

Fig. 4

on an enlarged scale, a schematic view of an embodiment of the inventive toothing of two laid on joint flooring finished panels;

Fig. 5

a partial perspective view from below of two inventively designed floor panels before joining to close the butt joint;

Fig. 6

on an enlarged scale, the detail of the teeth in the region of the abutting edges;

Fig. 7

a bottom view of an embodiment of three assembled according to the invention designed floor finished panels;

Fig. 8

the detail VIII in Figure 7;

Fig. 9

the partial section IX-IX in Figure 8;

Fig. 10

a view of the shape spring;

Fig. 11

a sectional view of the locking or fastening bolt;

Fig. 12

a plan view of the locking bolt;

Fig. 13

a detailed representation of the detail XVI in Figure 7 with a connection technique according to another variant;

Fig. 14

a partial section along the line ZZ in Fig. 13;

Fig. 15

a bottom view of a fitting of FIG. 14;

Fig. 16

a spatial representation of a recess for receiving the fitting of FIG. 15th

Fig. 1 shows how a mobile sports floor for multipurpose, Exhibition, athletics or ice rink relocated becomes. On a subfloor, not shown For example, from cement screed is here a elastic layer 20 applied by a PUR composite foam can be formed. On this elastic Layer become rectangular as a load distribution layer Prefabricated floorboards 22 are offset in the joints, i. so misplaced that the butt joints 24 of the narrow sides are offset. you recognizes that the floor finished panels 22 in the area partially overlap the butt joint, so that too in the area of the joint a good bearing behavior of the soil achieved. It is crucial that the floor finish plates 22 are mounted so that they are synonymous with high Loads immovably on the elastic layer 20 or remain on the subsoil, and even at a longer Do not discard usage. For this purpose, the floor panels are finished designed in a special way and with a equipped with special connection device, below will be described in more detail.

As further apparent from Fig. 1, measures taken to mutual in the area of the butt joint To provide overlapping of floor elements.

Fig. 2 shows the view of some finished floorboards from underneath. The floor finish plate is known per se Way of two layers, namely one the covering forming, continuous cover layer 28, for example of special Baustabsperrholzplatten according to DIN 68705 with a Oberbelag z. B. of PVC or from a sports parquet can be formed. Of course, there are others too Materials possible. The cover layer has, for example a thickness of about 12 mm, one being a veneer plywood board can be used with about 9 mm thickness.

At the bottom of this upper cover layer is a bottom-side layer in the form of field-like laid Grid plates, for example in the form of substantially square support plates 30, 30 * attached, the For example, be formed by plywood panels. The connection is preferably via a glue and / or bracketing. The strength of these plates lies again at about 12 mm.

The support plates 30, 30 * are arranged so that they at an angle of 45 ° to the side edges 32 of the cover layer Run 28 and between them ventilation ducts 34, 34 * with form a width of 20 or 10 mm. The marginal Platen 30, with dimensions of about 190 x 190 mm larger than the inner support plates 34 * are formed and form the edge tabs, stand saw-toothed with projections 36 from the side edges 32 before, so that in this area a mutual overlap joined floor panels 22 occurs.

In the individual floor finish plates 22 is a Clamping device for clamping on push integrated plates, the basis of the figure 3 will be explained in more detail. The clamping device is in in the following way:

In the area of two diagonally opposite each other Corners 42, 44 are each a clamping point 46th In the left upper corner as shown in FIG. 3 is a first Pivot axis 40 for a schematically indicated as an arrow Shaped spring 48 and substantially in the middle of according to Fig. 3 each upper rectangular abutting edge 24 * is located a second pivot axis 38 for a further shaped spring 48.

The shaped springs 48 come before assembly within the from the side edges 32 formed outline of the floor finish plate 22 to lie. In this state, the Floor panels 22 placed on the ground. The lateral distance A of the clamping point 46 from the side edge 32 or 24 * corresponds to the dimension A of the lateral distance of Swivel axis 40 from the side edge 32 or 24 *. The sum of Dimensions B and C, d. H. the distances of the pivot axis 38 from Side edge 32 and the clamping point 46 from the opposite Side edge 32 * is the shape of the form spring 48 adapted such that when snapping a U-turn of the form spring 48 in the clamping point 46 a predetermined Traction results. For a description of the further details the connection device will continue below the individual representations according to the figures 7 to 12 reference.

FIG. 2 shows, with reference to the detail E, how conventionally, the platen 30-1, 30-2 and 30-3 are arranged in the region of the butt joint 24. One recognises, that an overlap of the butt joint with triangular Sections such that a lateral distance of the Platen remains.

The inventive design of the corresponding Platen 30-1, 30-2 and 30-3 is shown in FIG. 4 shown. The view shows that the support plates are so are designed and arranged that at on impact joined floor panels 22 - the butt joint is indicated by the dash-dotted line 24 - a in the surface of the floor finish plate 22 (i.e. Plane) shift-proof gearing results. This happens in that on the side of the support plate 30-1 preferably symmetrical to a plane of symmetry ES, the on the butt joint 24 is vertical, one Pair of fills 90 is trained in the light Distance W is related to each other. On the other hand, this is Pair of mating surfaces 90 on the side of the support plates 30-2 and 30-3 associated with a complementary mating surface pair 92, the one fit shot for between the Passungsflächenpaar 90 lying fitting tab 94 forms. The Extension of the fit between the pairs of pairs of mating surfaces 90 and 92 transverse to the butt joint 24 is designated LF.

Since the support plates with the cover layer 22 of the soil are firmly connected, leads from the Pair of matching surfaces 90, 92 formed toothing, that the abutting on the butt joint 24 Prefabricated floor panels 22 in the assembled state laterally can not move anymore. The in FIG. 3 with 96 designated free corners thus remain in the case that the floor finish plates in the laying level be loaded, close to the butt joint 24 * fitting. One in the prior art with conventional design the platens possibly forming wedge gap 98 - indicated by dashed line in Figure 3 - is effectively suppressed according to the invention, even if the Floor often built up and dismantled and with great forces with a force component perpendicular to the butt joint 24 * should be charged.

FIG. 5 shows the design of the toothing in FIG perspective view from below. You recognize that Mating surfaces 90 and 92, over which the fitting tab 94 the Sliding toothing of the floor precast panels 22 manufactures.

With reference to Figure 6 is in a slightly enlarged Scale the formation of the pass tab 94 in detail explains:

The mating surfaces 90 of the mating tab 96 are so arranged to be from the abutting edge 24 by the dimension M1 project, which is smaller than the dimension M2. Also on pages the fitting surfaces 92 in the region of the support plates 30-2 and 30-3, the arrangement is made such that the dimension M2 correspondingly larger than the dimension M1.

The mating surface pairs 90, 92 are preferably of milled surfaces formed e.g. thereby are made that a schematic with dashed Line indicated end mill 99 preferably by a Template or a backdrop guided along the tracks 97 is moved. Preferably, a cutter is used, the is supported by a stop ring on the template.

From Figure 7 it can be seen that the floor finished panels are all identical. According to FIG. 15 is an example of three floor finish plates 22 arranged side by side, with the floor in his View from below is shown, in which the support plates 30 are visible on which the cover layer 28 rests. In the edge area are in comparison to Figure 2 modified support plates 30 with projections 36 on the Side edges 24, 24 * of the cover layer 28 via. Like that further apparent from Fig. 7, each floor panel has 22nd two shaped springs 48, one of which in the middle of a Longitudinal edge 24 * is arranged while the other shaped spring 48 is stored in the adjacent corner area. Warehousing the shaped springs 48 will be described below with reference to the figures 8 to 13 described. One recognizes from the representation after Figure 7 further that the fitting tab 94 on the Butt edge 24 opposite edge 80 a complementary Pair of matching surfaces 92 is formed. The complementary dimension is indicated by the dash-dotted lines 95.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 7 and 8, can be arranged in each case in the middle section Shaped spring 48 over the adjacent longitudinal edge of the Prefabricated floor molding 22 pivot out while the arranged in the corner shape spring 48 over the shorter Side edge, i. the brain pulse 80 is also pivotable. In the area of this side edge is further one Mounting bolt or clamping point 46 is provided, as Abutment for the left in Fig. 7 in the central region Floor finished plate 22 arranged shaped spring 48 is used. A corresponding clamping point 46 is still at the diametrical opposite corner of floor precast panel 22 in Formed area of the lower longitudinal edge.

As shown, the shaped springs 48 and the corresponding clamping points 46 in recesses 82, 84 of Platen 30 was added so that these connecting devices not down over the support surface of the support plates 30 protruding. To this support surface maximum To shape these recesses were at the swivel range the shape of springs 48 adapted.

Thus, the recess 82 receives in a form of a spring 48th receiving platen 30 is an approximately rectangular Base (view of FIG. 15) extending from the area the pivot axis 40 extends to the projection 36. The Base of the recess 82 is chosen so that the Form spring 48 in the untwisted state completely in the Recess 82 is received and the peripheral edges then are arranged at a small distance from the form of spring 48.

In the clamping point 46 receiving support 30 is an approximately triangular recess 84 is formed, which is the Basic form of an approximately right triangle, whose Vertex surrounds the clamping point 46 in the distance, and their hypotenuse formed by a side edge of the support plate 30 is. This triangular recess 84 allows the Swinging and receiving the form spring 48, wherein this in Locking state approximately parallel to a Kathede the triangular recess 84 extends.

As is apparent from Fig. 7, the recesses 84 form and 82 together a Gesamtausnehmung, which is about the entire Swivel range of the form spring 48 corresponds. Which is too the side edges of the support plate 30 towards opening recesses 82, 84 moreover allow the use of a special assembly tool that in the older application DE 195 08 682.1 is described.

Fig. 8 shows the detail "VIII" in Figure 7, wherein the shaped spring 48 is pivoted into the locking position is. With dotted lines is the clamping point 46 of adjacent floor prefabricated floor in the area of the corner 44 indicated. One recognizes the aligned opposite of the Spannpunktes 46 with the pivot axis 40, resulting in a Traction alignment perpendicular to the butt joint results. It appropriate additional measures, such. B. the provision be hit by markings to the exact alignment the tension point 46 with the pivot axis 38 to ensure. In this alignment, the initial can still in one Recess 82, for example in the form of a free-milling of Platen 30 recorded form spring 48 in the direction of Arrow S are swung over the butt joint 24, so that the shaped spring 48 with a U-shaped bent portion 52, d. H. with the legs 54 and 56 in snap engagement can get to the clamping point 46. During this Schnappeingriffs the tensile force of the spring 48 is built up, which acts perpendicular to the butt joint 24.

From the sectional view according to FIG. 9 it can be seen that that the clamping points and the shape of spring designed so are that the entire connecting device has a height H which is slightly smaller than the depth T of the step 50 in the platen 30th

The clamping points 46 are of knob-shaped design Locking bolt 58 formed by means of sunk mounting screws 60 mounted on the floor finish plate 22 are what is shown in detail in Fig. 9. Identical with the locking bolt 58 is a fastening bolt 62 designed for the pivotable mounting of the form spring 48, which is apparent from the illustration of FIG. 9.

Below is details of the design of the Shaped spring 48 and the locking bolt or the fastening bolt explained in more detail with reference to FIGS 10 to 12:

The form spring of FIG. 10 has the shape of a multiple S-shaped bent rod, so that a serpentine corrugated spring is present. At one end Forming spring 48 forms an eye 64A whose shape the outer contour of the fastening bolt 62 is adapted in that the shaped spring 48 is held by the fastening bolt 62 can be pivoted against a predetermined friction force.

After two s-turns, the actual attachment bow follows, d. H. the U-shaped bent portion 52 of Shaped spring 48, the arc in turn so to the outer contour the locking bolt 58 is adapted to be mounted in the Condition the bend 52 to the outer contour of the locking bolt 58 snuggles. The legs 54 and 56 of U-shaped bent portion 52 are not parallel to each other, but starting from the arc 52 towards each other, so that an inlet gap SP for the locking bolt 58th arises whose width W is slightly smaller than that when swinging the form spring 48 on the locking bolt 58 to, effective outer diameter of the locking bolt. In other words, when locking the connecting device the legs 54, 56 must be slightly be widened to behind the locking bolt too grab.

In Fig. 11 is the cross-section with dashed lines the shape of the spring leg 54, 56 indicated. One recognizes that the outer contour of the locking bolt 58 to the cross section the spring is adapted so that a possible low surface pressure results. The same applies to the design of the fastening bolt in the area of the eye 64A.

To facilitate the locking of the connection device, is another at the other end of the spring 48 Eye 64B trained. The eye 64B makes it easy to tackle In addition, this eye for the Attacking a suitable tool can be used.

It can be seen from the illustrations that the fastening bolt 62 and the locking bolt 58 (both parts can be made identical) is shaped so that he with a stepped portion 74 (see FIG. 11) in FIG Material of the floor finish plate 22 is sunk. The Sectional view of FIG. 9 shows that this stepped section 74 finds place in the support plate 30, in which then a suitable reduction is introduced.

Of course, deviations from previously described Embodiment possible without the basic idea to leave the invention. So can the cross section of the Form spring 48 but also the shape can be varied. It For example, a rectangular cross section can be used. Also, the shape of the form spring may be such that a Meandering shape arises. For the mutual overlap of the Floorboards is not a specific measure prescribed. It has been shown that a supernatant in the range of 20 to 50 mm is sufficient. Also to the size of the floor-finished panels are no special requirements. A preferred measure is the rectangular shape with 2x1 m side length represents.

In the area of clamping points can take additional measures be taken to the for the sunken admission of the Connecting device required recess space on the bottom side of the floor precast panels going on again fill. Such measures exist, for example It is to carry out the stages 50 as small as possible.

In Fig. 13 is a detailed illustration of the detail "XIII" shown in Fig. 7, wherein the shaped spring 48 in their Locking position is brought by the shape of spring 48th is pivoted about the pivot axis 40 until it is with the U-shaped Section 52 in engagement with the clamping point 46th comes. For this purpose, the tool 66 in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 13 in the space defined by the recesses 82, 84 space introduced to capture the eye 64B of the stylus.

As already mentioned above, the Shaped spring 48 in its locking position approximately perpendicular to a butt joint between two adjoining finished floorboards 22, so that the two corresponding End faces are pressed together.

To provide additional fixation of the narrow sides, i. to ensure the brain collisions 30 of the finished floor panels 22, can in the field of brain shocks 80 a fitting 86th be provided, which, as explained in more detail below will be, for example, in the left in Fig. 13 bottom floor finished board 22 (1) is attached and with a peg-shaped projection in the brain pulse 80 of the right lower floor precast panel 22 (2) is immersed and thus a prefixing and securing the brain bursts 80 to each other allowed.

In Fig. 14 is a section along the line Z-Z in Fig. 13, wherein the two floor panels 22 (2), 22 (1) shown in the disassembled state are. Accordingly, the fitting 86 is in the cover layer 28 embedded the floor finish plate 22 (2).

As is apparent in particular from FIGS. 14 and 15, has this fitting 86 a pin plate 88, from the central portion extends an L-shaped fastener, its connecting leg 190 is approximately at right angles extends from the journal plate center downwards and which merges into a mounting plate 192 which is parallel to the pin plate 88 in the opposite direction to the pin portion 194 extends. In the mounting plate 192 Through holes are provided through which fastening screws can extend into the cover layer 28. The cerebral puddle 80 and the subsection of the adjacent underside 196 of the cover layer 28 are provided with recesses, so that the outside of the connecting leg 190th in alignment with the brain pulse 80 and the outer surface of the mounting plate 192 runs in alignment with the bottom 196.

In the corresponding section of the brain stroke 80 of the another floor finish plate 22 (FIG. 1) is a groove-shaped one Recess 198 formed, in which the pin portion 194th can dip so that the two floor finished panels 22 (1), (2) in the vertical direction, i. in loading direction are fixed relative to each other.

In Fig. 16, the recess 100 for receiving the fitting 86 in the floor finish panel 22 (FIG. 2) in a bottom view shown. Accordingly, this recess has 100 a bag 102, which at the bottom of the cover layer 28th is formed and the mounting plate 92 positively receives, so that the outer surface of the fitting 86th aligned with the visible in Fig. 16 bottom of the Cover layer 28 extends.

Plan parallel and at a distance to the pocket 102 is in the brain 80 of the cover layer 28 a recess 104 is formed, the left in Fig. 17 part of the pin plate 88 of the fitting 86 records. The width B of the recess 104 is slightly larger than the corresponding width of the pin plate chosen, so that these in a simple way in the cover layer 28 is insertable. The positioning of the fitting 86 takes place via the mounting plate 92, the form-fitting of the bag 102 is received. As further Fig. 19 is removable, the front of the area is between the pocket 102 and the recess 104 against the brain burst 80 downgraded, so that also the connecting leg 90 is received flush in the brain pulse 80. Because the fixation the fitting is made via the bag 102, the Recess 104 can also be formed as a continuous groove.

With the variant described above can be realize a laying of the floor panels, at in the area of each left brain 80 of the Floor finish plate 22 two of the fittings 86 provided are, whose journal sections in the corresponding recesses dip the adjacent plate. In each case right brain stroke 80 of each floor precast panel 22 are then corresponding recesses 198 formed to the To accommodate pin sections of the fittings 86.

In such an embodiment, each plate is at four points with shaped springs 86 and again at four Points connected via the fittings 86 with neighboring prefabricated panels, so that these can be easily and reliably in the predetermined relative position are durable.

In the remaining square corners of the Rectangular floor closure elements 106 are arranged, whose Dimensions each of those of a half regular Floor finish plate 22 correspond.

With the floor-finished panels 22 according to the invention It is extremely easy to form a floor, the due to its high-quality construction all requirements to a sports floor is enough.

Notwithstanding the described embodiment, it is Of course, possible, the inventive toothing to train otherwise. So the mutual Overlapping the lower layer with the help of special plate strips are made, which then to Training the teeth are designed accordingly. Also, the shape of the floor panels is not on one Rectangular shape limited.

From the illustration in Figure 18 is another Variant of the gearing protruding, which has the added effect a mutual locking of the floor precast panels in the vertical direction. In this variant, the Matching surface pairs 90, 92 to the symmetry plane ES order a predetermined angle theta inclined, so that a kind Dovetail joint between fitting tab 94 and Complementary recording arises.

The invention thus provides a floor finish plate to form a removable, preferably surface-elastic floor, with substantially rectangular Base, consisting of two layers, of where the upper forms a continuous cover layer and the lower layer preferably in the form of a field of Platen is present. The support plates are standing at least partially laterally over the cover layer, being in the lower layer, preferably recessed, in Area of a corner section as well as in the middle section the adjoining Rectangle-Stoßkante Zugteile in Shape of flat, longitudinally elastic shaped springs swiveling supported on the basis of the abutting prefabricated panel in snap engagement with a there locking bolt fixed at a predetermined distance from the butt joint can be brought. To improve the Resilience of the soil while maintaining a simple Mounting is vertical on the side of the rectangle edge extending abutting edges in each case a device for Production of one in the surface of the floor finish plate sliding-resistant toothing with the joint laid on joint provided adjacent plate.

Claims (25)

1. Prefabricated floor panel for forming a floor which can be dismantled and which preferably has surface resilience, with a substantially rectangular base area, comprising two layers, the upper one of which forms a continuous covering layer and the lower one of which is preferably in the form of an area of support panels (30, 30*) which project laterally beyond the covering layer at least in certain regions, wherein tension parts in the form of flat, longitudinally resilient shaped springs (48) can be held in a pivotably supported manner in the region of a corner portion and in the central portion of the adjoining rectangular abutting edge (24*), which springs, in order to clamp the abutting prefabricated panel, can be brought into spring engagement with a locking bolt (46, 58) fastened here at a predetermined spacing from the vertical joint (24), characterised in that a respective device (90, 92, 94) is provided on sides of the abutting edges (24, 80) extending perpendicularly to the rectangular abutting edge (24*), by means of which device, using mating surface pairs (90, 92), a tooth system which is non-displaceable in the area of the prefabricated floor panel can be produced with the butt-laid adjacent panel in that a mating surface pair (92) of the butt-laid, adjacent and identically formed prefabricated panel (22) is associated with a mating surface pair (90) on sides of a prefabricated panel (22).
2. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 1, characterised in that the device for producing the tooth system is formed by the lower layer (30, 30*).
3. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 2, characterised in that selected support panels (30-1, 30-2, 30-3) are shaped in the region of the abutting edges (24) extending perpendicularly to the rectangular abutting edge (24*) such that they form the device for producing the tooth system.
4. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pair of mating surfaces (90, 92) are oriented symmetrically relative to a plane (ES) extending perpendicularly to the vertical joint (24).
5. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 4, characterised in that the mating surfaces (90, 92) are formed by plane-parallel surfaces (90, 92) which extend perpendicularly to the plane of the vertical joint (24).
6. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the support panels (30, 30*) are of a substantially square shape and are mounted on the covering layer (28) such that their edges extend at an angle to the edges of the prefabricated floor panel.
7. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the mating surfaces (90, 92) are formed by surfaces which can be produced by means of an end mill.
8. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the longitudinally resilient shaped spring is bent repeatedly in the shape of an S.
9. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the longitudinally resilient shaped spring is pivotably supported, preferably mounted, in a plane which is parallel to the plane of the flat element.
10. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the shaped spring (48) forms an eye (64A) at one end, which eye co-operates with a fastening bolt (62) to form the pivot joint.
11. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 10, characterised in that the fastening bolt (62) and the locking bolt (58) are identically formed.
12. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the shaped spring comprises spring steel, for example of type C according to DIN 17223.
13. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the shaped spring has a circular cross section.
14. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the fastening bolt (62) has the shape of a rotationally symmetrical knob which is preferably fastened in a partly sunk manner to the underside of the flat element and has a radial outer surface with a quadrantal contour.
15. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the fastening bolt (62) comprises a plastics material.
16. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised by a fitting (86) which is fastened in the region of an abutting edge (80) and has a protruding tenon portion (194) which can be brought into engagement with a recess (198) of an abutting, identically formed prefabricated floor panel (22) in order to fix the position of the two elements (22) relative to one another.
17. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 16, characterised in that the fitting (86) comprises a tenon plate (88) which is disposed so as to be plane-parallel to the covering layer (28), engages in a recess (104) in the end side (80) of the covering layer (28) by way of a sub-portion and protrudes from the end edge (80) by way of a tenon portion (194), for which a corresponding recess (198) is provided at the opposite abutting edge.
18. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 16, characterised in that a connecting leg (190) extends from the central region of the tenon plate (88) towards the underside (196) of the covering layer (28), the outer surface of which leg forms a part of the end edge (80) and passes into a fastening panel (192) which is disposed parallel to the tenon plate (88), extends back from the end edge (80) and the outside of which is aligned with the underside (196) of the covering layer (28).
19. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 18, characterised in that a slot (104) for holding the sub-portion of the tenon plate (88), a backward step for holding the connecting leg (190) in an aligned manner and a pocket (102) for holding the fastening panel (192), preferably positively, are provided in the covering layer (28).
20. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 16 to 19, characterised in that the covering layer (28) is of a rectangular shape, wherein a respective fitting (86) is disposed in the two corner regions of one butt joint (80) of the covering layer (28), while a respective recess (198) for holding a tenon part (194) of an adjacent, identically formed prefabricated panel (22) is formed at the opposite corner regions of the other butt joint (80).
21. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 17 to 20, characterised in that the width of the recess (104) in the butt joint (80) is greater than the width of a tenon plate (88).
22. Prefabricated floor panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 21, characterised in that each shaped spring (48) and each locking bolt (46) are held in edge recesses (82, 84) of support panels (30), wherein the base area of the edge recesses (82, 84) slightly overlaps the pivot range of the shaped spring (48) over the respective support panel (30).
23. Prefabricated floor panel according to Claim 22, characterised in that the edge recess (82) associated with the shaped spring (48) has an approximately rectangular base area, and the edge recess (84) associated with the fastening bolt (46) has an approximately triangular base area, wherein the fastening bolt (46) is disposed in the region of a right-angled apex of the triangle.
24. Floor which is assembled from butt-laid prefabricated floor panels according to any one of Claims 1 to 23 of identical structure.
25. Floor according to Claim 24, characterised in that the prefabricated floor panels are laid with staggered joints.

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