EP1192016A1 - Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur - Google Patents

Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur

Info

Publication number
EP1192016A1
EP1192016A1 EP00945472A EP00945472A EP1192016A1 EP 1192016 A1 EP1192016 A1 EP 1192016A1 EP 00945472 A EP00945472 A EP 00945472A EP 00945472 A EP00945472 A EP 00945472A EP 1192016 A1 EP1192016 A1 EP 1192016A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
hem
section
metal
along
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00945472A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1192016B1 (de
Inventor
Richard Kergen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal Liege Upstream SA
Original Assignee
Cockerill Sambre SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cockerill Sambre SA filed Critical Cockerill Sambre SA
Priority to EP00945472A priority Critical patent/EP1192016B1/de
Publication of EP1192016A1 publication Critical patent/EP1192016A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1192016B1 publication Critical patent/EP1192016B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/02—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/49941—Peripheral edge joining of abutting plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4966—Deformation occurs simultaneously with assembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4991—Both members deformed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of assembling at least two metalli ⁇ ues elements in order to create a structure, at least one of the two elements having a very high yield strength and its application to achieve structures (beam) of complex shape from simple elements, not requiring significant deformations.
  • the steels concerned by this patent application have an elastic limit between 400 and 1500 MPa. These steels are produced by mass steel processes known per se, which make it possible to offer steels whose cost price is close to that of conventional carbon steels. The interest then lies in the fact that it is possible to obtain a significant reduction in the structure. However, because of their low formability and sometimes poor weldability, these steels pose specific problems of implementation, and in particular of assembly.
  • the components of the same structure often have complex shapes obtained by stamping processes involving significant deformation and therefore incompatible with the low shaping capacities of these steels.
  • the mechanical crimping method by hem or the like is well known, for example for the assembly of elements such as scales, in metal joinery.
  • document US-A-4 356 888 describes a structural joint of two elements, preferably made in malleable and deformable metal, such as aluminum.
  • the first element has an elongated tongue and a short tongue. These two tabs define a cavity capable of receiving the second element at the level of a curved tab on a support such as a wire.
  • the tabs and the tab deform and interpenetrate.
  • the elongated tongue at least partially forms a circular loop around the tab, thus making any subsequent loosening impossible.
  • Document US-A-3 854 185 proposes, in the same field of application, a method for forming a structural joint between two rigid elements, one having on one side a flange with a protruding end and the another an essentially circular groove.
  • the flange enters the groove, deforming. More specifically, the assembly is done by securing the flange to the groove, the flange forming a winding in said groove.
  • Document DE-C-385 642 proposes a machine for the assembly by crimping of two sheet metal elements to form a hollow body.
  • Document FR-A-2 321 962 proposes an assembly process by crimping a zinc element and a lead element in order to solve the sealing problems which arise in the field of building cover.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method of assembling at least two metal elements or component parts of which at least one of the two is made of a steel having a very high elastic limit associated with a low shaping capacity in order to produce structural parts of complex shape, from simpler parts achievable using setting operations form essentially of the folding type, not involving significant deformations in the plane of the sheet, and therefore compatible with steels with high mechanical characteristics. Indeed, within a given alloy family, for example steels, or even aluminum alloys, the higher the elastic limit, the more the ductility is reduced. The level of elastic limit associated with this low shaping capacity depends on the family of alloy considered; thus for steels this limit can be situated from 600 to 800 MPa depending on the grade considered.
  • steels can only be very difficult to be shaped by stamping: deformations in the plane of the sheet in wide tension or in expansion will quickly lead to failure. The elastic return also makes it very difficult to respect the geometry of the part. On the other hand, these steels retain a capacity for deformation by bending. However, the bending limit radius being several times the thickness, assembly by crimping is practically impossible.
  • the present invention relates to a method of assembling at least two simple metal elements in sheet form, with a view to creating a structural part of open section, preferably in the form of " U ", or closed, at least one of said metal elements having a high or very high yield strength and a low deformation capacity, characterized in that: - the metal elements are shaped by at least one folding process; the metal elements are arranged relative to each other along a joining section; the metal elements are assembled by hemming (4) along the junction section of said elements.
  • At least one of the elements is preferably produced in a steel having an elastic limit greater than 400 MPa or in an aluminum alloy with an elastic limit greater than 200 MPa.
  • the ratio of the radius of the hem to the sum of the thicknesses of the various elements which it is desired to assemble along the joining section is between 2 and 10.
  • the ratio of the difference between the radius of the hem and the thickness of the outermost metal with the thickness of the innermost metal is, advantageously greater than 2.
  • the nature or the thickness of the different elements may not be identical for all elements.
  • the method is also characterized in that the junction is not necessarily straight but may have a local curvature, the radius of curvature preferably being greater than five outer hem radii.
  • the assembly method according to the invention is further characterized by the fact that after the hem crimping operation, a blocking of said hem vis-à-vis the sliding of its elements along the section of junction, is obtained by gluing, mdentation or nesting.
  • the present invention also relates to the product obtained by the assembly method described above, characterized in that it is in the form of at least two metal elements having, along a junction section , a hem.
  • the product is in the form of an "I" beam with a double core, obtained by the assembly of four constituent elements connected by four hems along the section. of junction of the four elements taken two by two.
  • the product results from the assembly of two elements by two hems so as to form a closed section, one of the two elements at least having a "U" section.
  • the method of the invention therefore makes it possible to obtain structural parts of complex shape from metallic sheet materials having, on the one hand, a high to very high elastic limit, and on the other hand , a limited forming capacity.
  • the latter is not binding in terms of operations preparatory to the assembly process, such as bending, involving little deformation in the plane of the sheet. This process thus makes it possible to obtain parts of geometry equivalent to that obtained by stamping.
  • the hem assembly is compatible with the low formability of these steels, the working radius being several times the thickness, which is not the case with simple crimping for example.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the purely mechanical hemming or crimping method makes it possible to overcome the problems of possible weldability of steels with high mechanical characteristics.
  • An additional advantage of the invention is to provide a method for producing reinforced structural parts, in particular in the automotive industry.
  • the method of the invention which uses a simple press for assembly, is a cheap method.
  • FIGS. 1 describe a structure produced in a conventional manner having a "U" geometry.
  • Figures 2 show the simple components to create the same kind of structure as that shown in Figures 1 according to the assembly method of the present invention.
  • Figures 3 show a tool for producing a structure as described in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 shows variants of assembly orientation for a U-shaped structure.
  • FIGS. 5 show a more complex embodiment of a structure having a closed section and obtained according to the assembly method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 represents the tool used to produce a closed structure as shown in FIGS. 5.
  • Figure 7 shows another embodiment of a structure having the form of an "I" beam with double core.
  • Figure 8 shows the tool for the realization and assembly of a beam "I" double core.
  • FIG. 9 shows a part of the shield crossmember type.
  • FIG. 10 represents a piece of the middle foot type.
  • Figure 11 shows a part having tabs at the ends to facilitate assembly.
  • Figures 12 illustrate the principle of blocking the relative sliding of the core relative to the sole in the hem assembly, by nesting using a cut of alternating slots.
  • Figures 12a and 12b show the two sheets just before making the hem.
  • the idea at the base of the invention is to decompose a structural element of complex shape, usually achieved by forming operations by stamping little compatible with steels with high mechanical characteristics, under - simple elements, produced using folding-type forming operations, and assembled by hem.
  • Figure 1 shows the usual mode of production of a "U" shaped part.
  • this type of part is obtained by stamping from a flat sheet metal as shown diagrammatically in FIG.
  • the stamping of such a part poses severe problems of controlling the elastic return: the shape obtained deviates appreciably from the ideal shape as presented in FIG. 1b.
  • Critical problems due to the low formability of this type of steel arise, for example when the height of the "U” section varies appreciably as indicated in FIG. 1a or when the height of the section remains constant, the curvature of the "U” beam varies locally significantly (Figure Id).
  • FIGS. 2 The principle according to the present invention proposed for producing this type of part is illustrated in FIGS. 2. The part is broken down into simple elements, the sides 1 and 2, the bottom 3 which are assembled by a hem 4.
  • Parts 1, 2 and 3 can be obtained by folding or by raising the edge. These shaping techniques involve only small deformations in the plane of the sheet and are compatible with steels with very high yield strength having a low forming capacity.
  • Figure 3 shows a typical tool for producing this type of part using a press.
  • the side elements 1 or 2 and the bottom 3 are prepared for the formation of the hem as indicated in 5.
  • These parts produced using simple press operations are presented in the tool described in Figure 3.
  • the half-view on the left shows the closed tool, before the hem is made, the half-view on the right shows the tool when the hem is finished.
  • the elements 7, 7 'and 9 bear on the upper slide of the press by means of springs not shown and whose crushing stroke is greater than the stroke of the tools 8, 8 'forming the hem.
  • the springs are compressed and press, through the parts 7 and 9, the parts 1, 2 and 3 against the part 10 which matches their shape and rests on the press table.
  • Parts 1, 2 and 3 are not necessarily all steel with high yield strength: for example, depending on the function of the part, only part 3 can be made of steel with very high yield strength, parts 1 and 2 made of steel having better shaping capacity and better weldability, which makes it easy to assemble the part to the rest of the structure with assembly methods such as spot welding.
  • the method also makes it possible to adapt the thicknesses to the structural requirements of the part: the three parts 1, 2 and 3 may have different thicknesses, the assembly method by hem accepting substantially different thicknesses, the ratio of which is greater than two . Variations in orientation of the hem are shown in Figure 4.
  • the method also allows for closed sections as shown in Figure 5.
  • the part 11 can be obtained by simple folding, a variation of the closed section being obtained by varying the height of the folded edges.
  • the part 12 which closes the section is even simpler in shape.
  • the part 11 can also be produced by stamping a steel with a lower elastic limit, less than 400 MPa for example, the part 12 being made of steel with a very high elastic limit and playing the role of reinforcement.
  • FIG. 6 A typical tool making it possible to produce this type of part is presented in FIG. 6. The principle is close to that described in FIG. 3.
  • the element 15 holds the parts 10 and 11 against the element 17-17 'which rests on the lower table of the press.
  • the parts are then placed in the tool which is composed of the movable elements 20 and 20 ', 19 and 19'. These elements are first spread apart, horizontally for 20 and 20 ', vertically for 19 and 19'. The parts 21 and 21 'are deposited on 19 and 19' respectively and maintained by non-means shown, a magnetic system for example. Similarly, the parts 22 and 22 'are deposited on the elements 20 and 20' and maintained in the same way. All type 18 tools (18 ', 18'',18'') are then in the position indicated for tool 18. The tools 18 are then moved, successively or simultaneously to form the hem and be in the position indicated by 18 ', 18'',18'''.
  • This type of tool can be mounted on a press, the elements 19, 18 and 18 'being implemented by the upper slide of the press: 19 is mounted on springs and its stroke is limited by a stop not shown. The element 19 'rests on the press table and is therefore fixed, the tools 18''and18''' being actuated by the lower slide of the press.
  • This type of assembly method by press tool makes it possible to produce shapes whose section is not constant: the distance between the parts 21 and 21 ′ as well as the distance between the parts 22 and 22 ′ can vary.
  • Potential applications relate to different types of automotive structural parts such as passenger compartment reinforcement parts (shield cross member), center legs, spar elements, engine cradle. Some of these applications are illustrated in Figures 8 to 10.
  • the technique allows for structures of complex shape with steels having very low ductility by taking advantage of the productivity of the hem assembly process and the reinforcement it provides to the structure. It also makes it possible to provide metal tabs at the ends of the parts allowing these parts to be easily assembled with the rest of the automobile structure (FIG. 11).
  • the hem assembly guarantees very good retention of the metals in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the hem.
  • This drawback can easily be remedied, for example by interposing an adhesive between the two sheets of metal at the hem, by performing local fusion welds or preferably by locally crushing the hem with a press tool comprising for example a punch in the shape of "V" finished by a rounding and a plane anvil.
  • a tool can be designed to simultaneously carry out the teeth, the tooth pitch being of the order of 5 to 10 times the outside diameter of the hem.
  • the teeth 20 have a height less than the circumference of the hem, for example one third of this circumference.
  • the width of the teeth 20 is slightly less than that of the intervals 21 between the teeth.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
EP00945472A 1999-07-05 2000-07-05 Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur Expired - Lifetime EP1192016B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00945472A EP1192016B1 (de) 1999-07-05 2000-07-05 Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99202194 1999-07-05
EP99202194A EP1066894A1 (de) 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von wenigstgens zwei metallischen Gegenständen zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsstruktur
EP00945472A EP1192016B1 (de) 1999-07-05 2000-07-05 Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur
PCT/BE2000/000080 WO2001002110A1 (fr) 1999-07-05 2000-07-05 Procede d'assemblage d'au moins deux elements constitutifs en metal en vue de creer une structure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1192016A1 true EP1192016A1 (de) 2002-04-03
EP1192016B1 EP1192016B1 (de) 2003-02-26

Family

ID=8240416

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99202194A Withdrawn EP1066894A1 (de) 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von wenigstgens zwei metallischen Gegenständen zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsstruktur
EP00945472A Expired - Lifetime EP1192016B1 (de) 1999-07-05 2000-07-05 Verbindungsverfahren von minimal zwei metallischen bauteilen zur herstellung einer struktur

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99202194A Withdrawn EP1066894A1 (de) 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von wenigstgens zwei metallischen Gegenständen zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsstruktur

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6857812B1 (de)
EP (2) EP1066894A1 (de)
KR (1) KR20020043545A (de)
AT (1) ATE233139T1 (de)
AU (1) AU5956400A (de)
BR (1) BR0012356A (de)
CA (1) CA2373908A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60001502T2 (de)
WO (1) WO2001002110A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7628287B1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2009-12-08 Arnold William M Reusable container unit having spaced protective housings
DE102006029180A1 (de) * 2006-06-24 2007-12-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Blechteils
JP5927874B2 (ja) * 2011-01-31 2016-06-01 株式会社リコー シート材穿孔装置
DE112017002122T5 (de) * 2016-04-20 2019-01-03 Denso Corporation Wärmetauscher und Herstellungsverfahren von diesem

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DE385642C (de) * 1921-12-15 1923-11-27 Menuiserie Metallique Du Sud E Maschine zum Verbinden zweier Blechteile zu einem Hohlkoerper durch Falzen
US2125692A (en) * 1932-04-27 1938-08-02 Budd Edward G Mfg Co Beam structure
US2054703A (en) * 1935-03-28 1936-09-15 Newport Culvert Company Pipe or tubing and manufacture of same
US2129624A (en) * 1936-12-04 1938-09-06 Rafter Machine Company Stud and rafter
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001002110A1 (fr) 2001-01-11
AU5956400A (en) 2001-01-22
CA2373908A1 (en) 2001-01-11
US6857812B1 (en) 2005-02-22
ATE233139T1 (de) 2003-03-15
BR0012356A (pt) 2002-03-26
EP1066894A1 (de) 2001-01-10
DE60001502T2 (de) 2003-12-11
DE60001502D1 (de) 2003-04-03
EP1192016B1 (de) 2003-02-26
KR20020043545A (ko) 2002-06-10

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