EP1190493B1 - Agencement de connecteur dans un système electronique - Google Patents

Agencement de connecteur dans un système electronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1190493B1
EP1190493B1 EP00944544A EP00944544A EP1190493B1 EP 1190493 B1 EP1190493 B1 EP 1190493B1 EP 00944544 A EP00944544 A EP 00944544A EP 00944544 A EP00944544 A EP 00944544A EP 1190493 B1 EP1190493 B1 EP 1190493B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
port
connector
hybrid
signal
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00944544A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1190493A1 (fr
Inventor
Magnus Olsson
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/181—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides
    • H01P5/182—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides the waveguides being arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a connector arrangement and a connector unit for an electronics system, preferably operating at radio frequency.
  • a mobile radio base transceiver station normally comprises a number of transceivers, typically around ten to twenty units. Each transceiver unit performs transmission and reception of radio signals associated with a downlink channel and an uplink channel. By means of a combiner the transceiver units may share a common antenna unit.
  • transceiver units are detachably connected to the other parts of the base transceiver system.
  • a transceiver card slot may thus be empty. This allows transceiver units to be added or removed in order to increase or reduce the capacity of the system. It furthermore allows a defect transceiver unit to be quickly replaced, without necessarily interrupting transmission processes performed by other transceiver units.
  • transceiver unit is replaced by a terminating unit when the base station is operating, reflections will still occur during a short time period, since disconnection and connection cannot normally be done simultaneously. The same is true if, for instance, a first transceiver unit, which may perhaps be defect, is replaced by a second transceiver unit.
  • an object is therefore to provide an arrangement in a radio frequency equipment for detachably connecting a first conductor, connected to one unit in the equipment, to a second conductor, connected to another unit in the equipment, with improved radio frequency performance.
  • Another object is to provide a connector arrangement that is easy to use and inexpensive to build.
  • a connector arrangement for detachably connecting a first conductor to a second conductor where the first conductor is connected to a port of a first hybrid element and the second conductor is connected to a port of a second hybrid element.
  • Each of the hybrid elements are designed so that a signal inputted at the port from the conductor is split equally and transmitted to two other ports of the respective hybrid. The signal transmitted to one of these ports is phase shifted an odd multiple of 90 degrees more than the signal appearing at the other port. The same is true in the opposite direction, since the hybrid element is reciprocal.
  • the connector elements of the first hybrid mates with the connector elements of the second hybrid in such a manner that a signal travelling from the first to the second conductor is split into signal components that are added in-phase at the second conductor.
  • the first and second hybrid elements are 90 degree hybrid circuits. This results in a simple connector arrangement with suitable bandwidth that may be realised by means of inexpensive standard components.
  • first hybrid and/or the second hybrid element has fourth port connected to a resistive element terminating any signals reflected at the connector elements. This allows the reflected energy to be absorbed at a distance from the hybrid element.
  • the first or second hybrid element is devised as a microstrip branchline hybrid. This results in a cost effective arrangement that is relatively simple to manufacture.
  • the first or second hybrid element is devised as a stripline branchline hybrid. Such a circuit radiates very little energy to surrounding circuits.
  • the first or second hybrid element is devised as a waveguide hybrid. This allows the arrangement to be used at high frequencies and with low losses.
  • the first hybrid element is devised as a Wilkinson divider having a splitter input and two splitter outputs, wherein the splitter input is connected to the first port, a first splitter output is connected to a second port and the second splitter output is connected to a third port via a ⁇ /4 phase shifting unit.
  • a Wilkinson divider having a splitter input and two splitter outputs, wherein the splitter input is connected to the first port, a first splitter output is connected to a second port and the second splitter output is connected to a third port via a ⁇ /4 phase shifting unit.
  • an object is to provide a connector unit with improved radio frequency characteristics.
  • a connector unit for detachably connecting a conductor to a functional unit, involving a hybrid element with first, second and third ports.
  • a radio frequency signal within a predetermined frequency band, inputted at the first port is outputted with substantially equal signal strength at the second port and at the third port.
  • the signal outputted at the third port is phase shifted an odd multiple of 90 degrees more than the signal outputted at the second port when said conductor is connected to and matched with the functional unit.
  • the first port is connected to the conductor, the second port is connected to a first connector element and the third port is connected to a second connector element.
  • the first and second connector elements mates with connectors of said functional unit. This results in a connector unit automatically terminating 1 reflections when it is disconnected.
  • the connector unit is matched as seen from the conductor regardless of whether it is connected to another unit or not.
  • the connector arrangement is the characterised as it appears from the characterising portions of claims 1-7.
  • the connector unit is then characterised as it appears from the characterising portion of claim 8.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a number of transceiver units connected to a base station system in accordance with prior art.
  • the transceiver units are coupled to a common combiner network 102 and may therefore share a common antenna unit 103, as is well known in the art.
  • the combiner network 102 is designed to accommodate seven transceiver units. Since only six units 101a-101f are needed one transceiver slot is instead provided with a terminating unit 104, connected via a connector arrangement 105.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates, schematically, two transceiver units 201a, 201b connected to a base station system 202 by means of connector arrangements in accordance with the invention. It should be noted that the scope of the invention is not limited to this particular application.. A connector, arrangement in accordance with the invention, as well as a connector unit suitable for such a connector arrangement, is useful at numerous RF applications where a conductor is detachably connected to a functional unit and where reflections should be avoided.
  • a conductor is then generally a means for transporting electrical energy, such as a pair cable, a coaxial cable, a microstrip, a stripline or a waveguide.
  • the first conductor 203 is then connected to a first port 205 of a first hybrid element 206.
  • phase shift between the outputs is another odd multiple of 90 degrees such as 270 degrees. This, will, however, lead to reduced bandwidth.
  • the second port 207 is connected to a first connector element 209, which mates with a third connector element 211, belonging to the a transceiver unit 201a.
  • the third port 208 is connected to a second connector element 210, which similarly mates with a fourth connector element 212 belonging to the same transceiver unit 201a.
  • a second hybrid element 213 is placed in the transceiver unit 201a. It has a first port 214 connected to the second conductor 204, a second port 215 connected to the fourth connector element 212 and a third port 216 connected to the third connector element 211. Signals inputted at the second and third ports 215, 216 will be added to each other at the first port 214. Before this occurs, however, they are phase shifted. The signal originating from the third port 216 is phase shifted 90 degrees more than the signal originating from the second port 212.
  • a signal inputted at the first port 205 of the first hybrid element 206 is equally split into two signal components, which are transmitted over two separate branches and which are added in-phase at the first port 214 of the second hybrid element.
  • a first resistive element 217 is connected to a fourth port 218 of the first hybrid element 206 and a second resistive element 219 is connected to a fourth port 220 of the second hybrid element 213.
  • impedances in the circuit are matched no energy will be terminated in the resistive elements 217, 219.
  • resistive elements are integrated into the hybrid, which results in a three-port hybrid.
  • FIG. 2 Depicted in figure 2 is also a case when a transceiver slot 221 is empty. Then a signal is inputted from a third conductor 222 to a first port 223 of a third hybrid element 224. The signal is equally, split and transmitted to the second and third ports 225, 226, where it is fully reflected at the associated connector elements 227, 228. At the first port 223 these reflections are added out of phase, since the difference in phase between them is now 180 degrees. Therefore no reflected component is transmitted to the third conductor 222. At a fourth port 230, however, the reflected components are added in phase, and the reflected energy is therefore terminated in a resistive element 228 connected to this port.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a microstrip branchline design of a 90 degree hybrid circuit 300.
  • the circuit is then devised as an etched pattern on top of a dielectric medium. On the opposite side of this dielectric medium a ground plane is formed.
  • This hybrid circuit 300 is reciprocal. For clarity reasons it is nevertheless useful to define one port 301 of the hybrid as the input port. If the circuit is utilised in a manner according to the invention a first output port 302 is connected to a first connector element (not shown) as mentioned above. Similarly a second output port 303 is connected to a second connector element (not shown). An isolated port 304 should be connected via a resistive element 305 to ground.
  • the ports In order to operate in a matched manner the ports should have a width adjusted so that they have a characteristic impedance Z 0 , corresponding to the characteristic impedance of associated transmission lines.
  • a first bridge element 306 interconnects the first and the second ports 301, 302 and a second bridge element 307 interconnects the third and fourth ports 303, 304. These elements should be somewhat wider so that their characteristic impedance is Z 0 / ⁇ 2. They should have a length corresponding to ⁇ /4, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the signal that is to be transmitted.
  • a third bridge element 308 interconnects the first and the fourth ports, 301, 304 and a fourth bridge element 309 interconnects the third and second ports 303, 302.
  • These elements should have a width so that their characteristic impedance is Z 0 . They should have a length corresponding to ⁇ /4. If a signal with the wavelength ⁇ is inputted at the input port 301 this signal appears on both outputs 302, 303. The signal outputted at the second output 303, however, is phase shifted ⁇ /4 more than the signal outputted at the second output 302.
  • microstrip circuit is relatively simple to manufacture. It is also possible to produce a branchline circuit in stripline technique, which results in very little energy radiated from the circuit during operation. This involves among other things introducing an extra earth-plane in the circuit as is well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates, schematically, a Wilkinson divider devised as a 90 degree hybrid circuit 400.
  • This embodiments involves a splitter input port 401, a first splitter output port 402 and a second splitter output port 403.
  • a delay element 404 is applied at the first output port 402, that phase-shifts signals passing therethrough 1/4 wavelength.
  • An internal resistor 405 is connected between the branches of the divider in order to render the divider matched. When a Wilkinson divider is used in a connector arrangement in accordance with the invention this resistor 405 terminates all reflected energy when the connector elements are disconnected.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a waveguide design of a 90 degree hybrid circuit 500.
  • an opening is provided in the top of the hybrid.
  • the hybrid involves an input port 501 , a first output port 502 and a second output port 503.
  • recesses 504, 505 are formed in the respective waveguides and the wall 506 between them involves an opening 507.
  • a terminated port 508 is provided with a resistive element 509, absorbing any energy reflected at the outputs.
  • the hybrid is also provided with a connector 510 at the output ports 502, 503.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Agencement de connecteur permettant de connecter de manière amovible un premier conducteur (203) à un second conducteur (204), caractérisé par
    un premier élément hybride (206) comportant un premier accès (205) adapté pour l'entrée d'un signal radiofréquence dans une bande de fréquences prédéterminée, un deuxième accès (207) et un troisième accès (208) adaptés pour délivrer ledit signal radiofréquence, avec une intensité de signal égale, au niveau dudit deuxième accès (207) et dudit troisième accès (208), et adapté pour délivrer le signal au niveau dudit troisième accès (208) avec un déphasage d'un multiple impair de 90 degrés, de plus, par rapport au signal d'entrée, que le signal délivré au niveau du deuxième accès (207) ;
    ledit premier accès (205) étant connecté audit premier conducteur (203), ledit deuxième accès (207) étant connecté au premier élément (209) de connecteur et ledit troisième accès (208) étant connecté à un deuxième élément (210) de connecteur ;
    un second élément hybride (213) comportant un premier accès (214), un deuxième accès (216) et un troisième accès (215), adapté pour ajouter des signaux radiofréquences dans une bande de fréquences prédéterminée délivrés au niveau desdits deuxième et troisième accès (215, 216) et pour délivrer le signal résultant au niveau dudit premier accès (214), ce par quoi le signal d'entrée au niveau du deuxième accès (216) est déphasé d'un multiple impair de 90 degrés de plus que le signal d'entrée au niveau du troisième accès (215) ;
    ledit premier accès (214) étant connecté audit second conducteur (204), ledit deuxième accès (216) étant connecté à un troisième élément (211) de connecteur et ledit troisième accès (215) étant connecté à un quatrième élément (212) de connecteur ;
    dans lequel ledit premier élément (209) de connecteur est adapté pour s'accoupler avec ledit troisième élément (211) de connecteur et dans lequel ledit deuxième élément (210) de connecteur est adapté pour s'accoupler avec ledit quatrième élément (212) de connecteur, de sorte qu'un signal transmis du premier conducteur vers le second conducteur est envoyé sur deux branches distinctes.
  2. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits premier et second éléments hybrides sont des circuits hybrides à déphasage de 90 degrés.
  3. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit premier élément hybride (206) comporte un quatrième accès (218) connecté à un premier élément résistif (217) terminant de quelconques signaux réfléchis au niveau desdits premier et deuxième éléments (209, 210) de connecteur et/ou dans lequel ledit second élément hybride (213) comporte un quatrième accès (220) connecté à un second élément résistif (219) terminant de quelconques signaux réfléchis au niveau desdits troisième et quatrième éléments (211, 212) de connecteur.
  4. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ledit premier élément hybride ou ledit second élément hybride est conçu comme un hybride de microruban et de ligne de dérivation.
  5. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ledit premier élément hybride ou ledit second élément hybride est conçu comme un hybride de ligne triplaque et de ligne de dérivation.
  6. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ledit premier élément hybride ou ledit second élément hybride est conçu comme un hybride de guide d'ondes.
  7. Agencement de connecteur selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit premier élément hybride est conçu comme un diviseur de Wilkinson comportant une entrée de diviseur et deux sorties de diviseur, dans lequel l'entrée de diviseur est connectée au premier accès, une première sortie de diviseur est connectée au deuxième accès et la seconde sortie de diviseur est connectée au troisième accès via un module de déphasage λ/4.
  8. Module de connecteur permettant de connecter de manière amovible un conducteur et une unité fonctionnelle, caractérisé par
    un élément hybride (206) comportant un premier accès (205) adapté pour l'entrée d'un signal radiofréquence dans une bande de fréquences prédéterminée, un deuxième accès (207) et un troisième accès (208) adaptés pour délivrer ledit signal radiofréquence, avec une intensité de signal égale, au niveau dudit deuxième accès (207) et au niveau dudit troisième accès (208), et adapté pour délivrer le signal au niveau dudit troisième accès (208) déphasé d'un multiple impair de 90 degrés de plus, par rapport au signal d'entrée, que le signal délivré au niveau du deuxième accès (207) lorsque ledit conducteur est connecté à ladite unité fonctionnelle et qu'il est apparié avec celle-ci ;
    ledit premier accès (205) étant connecté audit conducteur (203), ledit deuxième accès (207) étant connecté à un premier élément (209) de connecteur et ledit troisième accès (208) étant connecté à un deuxième élément (210) de connecteur, lesdits premier et deuxième éléments de connecteur étant adaptés pour s'accoupler avec des connecteurs de ladite unité fonctionnelle.
EP00944544A 1999-06-22 2000-06-16 Agencement de connecteur dans un système electronique Expired - Lifetime EP1190493B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9902376 1999-06-22
SE9902376A SE517056C2 (sv) 1999-06-22 1999-06-22 Arrangemang i ett elektroniksystem
PCT/SE2000/001281 WO2000079695A1 (fr) 1999-06-22 2000-06-16 Agencement d'un systeme electronique

Publications (2)

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EP1190493A1 EP1190493A1 (fr) 2002-03-27
EP1190493B1 true EP1190493B1 (fr) 2007-03-28

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EP00944544A Expired - Lifetime EP1190493B1 (fr) 1999-06-22 2000-06-16 Agencement de connecteur dans un système electronique

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EP (1) EP1190493B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003502932A (fr)
CN (1) CN1357176A (fr)
AT (1) ATE358359T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5862900A (fr)
DE (1) DE60034124T2 (fr)
SE (1) SE517056C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000079695A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6118557B2 (ja) * 2012-12-28 2017-04-19 古野電気株式会社 高周波送受波器
JP6053134B2 (ja) * 2012-12-28 2016-12-27 古野電気株式会社 高周波分配器
FR3005210B1 (fr) * 2013-04-26 2016-09-30 Thales Sa Circuit d'alimentation distribuee pour reseau de formation de faisceaux d'antenne

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4583061A (en) * 1984-06-01 1986-04-15 Raytheon Company Radio frequency power divider/combiner networks
US4673898A (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-06-16 Advanced Systems Research, Inc. Wide band quadrature hybrid
IT1222799B (it) * 1987-10-01 1990-09-12 Gte Telecom Spa Circuito ibrido aq microonde a larga banda con uscite in fase o in controfase
US4896123A (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-01-23 Mini Circuits Quadraphase modulator
FI83003C (fi) * 1989-04-21 1991-05-10 Telenokia Oy 180-grads hybridkoppling.
JPH04111501A (ja) * 1990-08-30 1992-04-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 方向性結合器
JPH0878916A (ja) * 1994-09-05 1996-03-22 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 方向性結合器
JP3078488B2 (ja) * 1995-11-17 2000-08-21 電気興業株式会社 移相装置
JPH10270958A (ja) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力合成増幅器

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Publication number Publication date
ATE358359T1 (de) 2007-04-15
CN1357176A (zh) 2002-07-03
SE9902376L (sv) 2000-12-23
JP2003502932A (ja) 2003-01-21
DE60034124D1 (de) 2007-05-10
AU5862900A (en) 2001-01-09
SE9902376D0 (sv) 1999-06-22
SE517056C2 (sv) 2002-04-09
EP1190493A1 (fr) 2002-03-27
WO2000079695A1 (fr) 2000-12-28
DE60034124T2 (de) 2007-08-16

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