EP1189187B1 - Verfahren zum Überwachen eines vorbestimmten Bereichs und entsprechendes System - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Überwachen eines vorbestimmten Bereichs und entsprechendes System Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1189187B1
EP1189187B1 EP01119125.1A EP01119125A EP1189187B1 EP 1189187 B1 EP1189187 B1 EP 1189187B1 EP 01119125 A EP01119125 A EP 01119125A EP 1189187 B1 EP1189187 B1 EP 1189187B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
detection device
image detection
area
monitoring
image
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01119125.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1189187A2 (de
EP1189187A3 (de
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Securiton GmbH
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Securiton GmbH
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
    • G08B13/19669—Event triggers storage or change of storage policy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G08B13/19608—Tracking movement of a target, e.g. by detecting an object predefined as a target, using target direction and or velocity to predict its new position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
    • G08B13/19641—Multiple cameras having overlapping views on a single scene
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
    • G08B13/19652—Systems using zones in a single scene defined for different treatment, e.g. outer zone gives pre-alarm, inner zone gives alarm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19697—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors generate an alarm themselves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for monitoring a predetermined area having at least two zones, which represent a critical and a non-critical area and are separated by an alarm boundary, as well as a corresponding method.
  • video surveillance cameras are usually used to visualize the security area.
  • video surveillance cameras with different viewing areas are used here because the field of view of a single CCTV camera is not sufficient to completely grasp it because of the size of the security area.
  • An exemplary security area is e.g. divided into a critical and a non-critical area, which are separated by an alarm limit.
  • a variety of CCTV cameras are used to monitor this alarm limit.
  • Each video surveillance camera is assigned a predetermined detection area, which respectively visualizes a section of the security area and includes a part or the complete viewing area of the video surveillance camera, wherein an object entering a certain detection area is detected by the corresponding video surveillance camera. Furthermore, this video surveillance camera detects the complete movement of the object in its detection area, i. all position changes of the object are perceived. In the event that the object exceeds the alarm limit in the direction of the critical range starting from the uncritical area, the video surveillance camera triggers an alarm.
  • the security guard Assuming that, for example, a guard in the critical area can carry out checks without this alarm being triggered, the security guard Also, without triggering the alarm, the alarm limit may shift from the critical towards the non-critical area, yet alarm would be triggered if the security guard went back into the critical area. To avoid this, sensing the complete movement of the security guard in the coverage area of a video surveillance camera, ie, so-called object tracking, allows the security guard to be in the critical area because he had begun his surveillance mission in the critical area, and thus When the alarm limit is exceeded in this example, no alarm is triggered.
  • a major disadvantage of this method is that the alarm is triggered in the event that the security guard in the detection area of a first video surveillance camera exceeds the alarm limit from the critical towards the non-critical area, and in a detection area of a second video surveillance camera in the critical area above the alarm limit returns.
  • WO 0008856 discloses a surveillance system with multiple cameras. Based on the known prior art, the present invention has the object to provide a way to trigger alarm when monitoring a predetermined area with increased decision security when an unauthorized object enters a critical area.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a method for monitoring a predetermined region on the basis of images, wherein the images are generated by at least one of a first and a second image capture device and the predetermined region has at least two zones which are critical and uncritical Represent a range separated by an alarm limit.
  • each image detection device is assigned a predetermined detection range, and an object entering the detection range of an image detection device is detected by the corresponding image detection device.
  • This image capture device records data describing changes in the position of the object in the corresponding coverage area.
  • An object entering the detection area of the first image capturing means is detected by the first image capturing means, recording data from the first image capturing means describing changes in the position of the object in the corresponding capturing area, and these data are transmitted from the first bit capturing means to the first capturing means handed over second image capture device.
  • An advantage of the transfer according to the invention of the acquisition data of a first image capture device to a second image capture device is that the second image capture device has more data regarding the tracked object, so that the decisive security is significantly increased in an alarm triggering. Furthermore, this object transfer between the monitoring devices enables seamless monitoring of an object that moves in the detection areas of several image acquisition devices.
  • the detection regions of the first and second image capture devices are preferably designed such that they overlap in an overlap region or adjoin one another.
  • the first image capture device transfers the data it has recorded without being asked to the second image capture device in the event that the first image capture device determines that the object will enter the capture region of the second image capture device.
  • the second image capture device may have the first image capture device for transferring the data recorded relative to the object.
  • the first image capture device transfers the data recorded by it to an evaluation device which is connected via a network to the first and the second image capture device and which in turn transfers the data to the second image capture device.
  • the evaluation device can transfer its data unrequested to the second image capture device in the event that it is determined that the object will enter the capture area of the second image capture device.
  • the second image detection device in the event that it detects an object which enters the assigned detection area and which was previously in the detection area of the first image detection device, the second image detection device can request the evaluation device to transfer the recorded data.
  • an alarm is triggered when the object, starting from the non-critical region in the direction of the critical region, crosses the alarm boundary.
  • no alarm is triggered if the object in the detection area of the second image capture device has crossed the alarm boundary from the non-critical area in the direction of the critical area and has previously crossed the alarm boundary from the critical area in the direction of the non-critical area in the detection area of the first image capture device.
  • the data describing the change in position of the object in the detection area of an image capture device comprises at least information representing a motion vector, a mean velocity, and motion direction components.
  • area data can be transmitted which represent a section of the detection area of the second image capture device into which the object will enter from the detection area of the first image capture device.
  • the data preferably has information that represents the section of the detection area of the second image capture device into which the object will enter.
  • a so-called detection threshold for detecting an object in the detection area, a so-called detection threshold must be exceeded, wherein in the section of the detection area of the second image detection device into which the object will enter, the detection threshold is lowered after the detection of the object Data submitted by the first image capture device.
  • An advantage of lowering the detection threshold is that the detection reliability of objects in the detection area of image acquisition devices to which data is transferred from other image acquisition devices is increased. This is particularly advantageous for the case where an object is e.g. due to different visibility conditions in the detection range of an image capture device is very well detected, while it is difficult to detect in the detection range of another, adjacent image capture device.
  • the data transferred from the first image capture device to the second image capture device can be used to perform an identification of the object, which is considerably simplified on the basis of the transferred data.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of an arrangement of monitoring devices 1, 2 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the monitoring devices 1, 2 can be designed as conventional video surveillance cameras or as infrared or thermal imaging cameras.
  • the monitoring devices 1, 2 are preferably respectively mounted on masts 3, 4, which are firmly anchored in a terrain to be monitored 8.
  • the monitoring devices 1, 2 can be attached to any, rigid or movable objects, for example to building parts.
  • both surveillance cameras each have a so-called viewing area 6, 7 of a length 11.
  • the length 11 of the viewing area 5, 6, 7 depends on an orientation angle ⁇ of the monitoring devices 1, 2, as well as on the detection properties of the corresponding monitoring devices 1, 2.
  • the detection properties correspond, for example, to the optical properties of the camera optics used.
  • the viewing areas 5, 6, 7 of various monitoring devices 1, 2 are such that they overlap each other by predetermined lengths 9, 10, so that a complete monitoring of the area to be monitored is made possible.
  • Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional illustration of the viewing areas 6, 7 of the monitoring devices 1, 2 from Fig. 1 ,
  • the viewing areas 6, 7 are shown for clarity with a rectangular base with a base page of length 11, although in reality these viewing areas 6, 7 will be formed as a rule, so-called "sight cone".
  • the viewing areas 6, 7 preferably overlap one another in such a way that larger objects, which enter the viewing area 7, for example, starting from the viewing area 6, can also be completely detected in the overlapping area of the viewing areas 6, 7 of the length 10.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the arrangement of the monitoring devices 1, 2 according to Fig. 1 in a first embodiment.
  • the monitoring devices 1, 2 are used in the illustrated embodiment, for example, to prevent unauthorized approach of objects to a runway 12 on an airport site.
  • a control line KL1 is monitored by means of the monitoring devices 1, 2, and when an object, starting from an allowed range EB, exceeds this control line KL1 in the direction of the runway 12, an alarm is triggered.
  • a person or a vehicle along a direction indicated by an arrow 13 from the permitted area EB exceeds the control line KL1 in the direction of the runway 12, an alarm is triggered when the control line KL1 is exceeded at point 16.
  • the corresponding object first enters the viewing area 6 of the monitoring device 1 and then traverses this viewing area 6 and the overlapping area that this viewing area 6 forms with the viewing area 7 of the monitoring device 2.
  • the object is detected by the monitoring device 1 at the time it enters the viewing area 6 and its movement is tracked by means of object tracking to the point where the object enters the overlapping area.
  • Object tracking means that the complete course of movement of the object is recorded in the field of view 6, 7 of the monitoring device 1, 2.
  • the object is transferred from the monitoring device 1 to the monitoring device 2 by means of so-called “visual handover” or object transfer and subsequently followed by the monitoring device 2 further up to the point 16 the alarm is triggered.
  • Visual handover or object transfer means that the data recorded by the monitoring device 1 is provided with respect to the object of the monitoring device 2.
  • a second variant is indicated by an arrow 14, which illustrates that in turn moves any object such as a human or a vehicle in the arrow direction along the arrow 14 and the control line KL1, starting from the permitted range EB in the direction of the runway 12.
  • alarm is triggered in item 17.
  • the corresponding object enters the viewing area 6 of the monitoring device 1 and leaves this viewing area 6 again before entering the viewing area 7 of the monitoring device 2 and then crossing the control line 1 in point 17.
  • the object enters the viewing area 7 of the monitoring device 2 determined that this object previously crossed the viewing area 6 of the monitoring device 1, whereupon the object is transferred from the monitoring device 1 to the monitoring device 2.
  • an advantage of the object transfer according to the invention is that the alarm-triggering monitoring device 1, 2 has more data regarding the tracked object than in the case of object tracking by a single monitoring device 1, 2, so that the decision security in alarm triggering is significantly increased. For example, approximately 75% of the movement of the object moving along the arrow 13 is in the field of view 6 of the monitoring device 1 and only 25% in the field of vision 7 of the monitoring device 2, which triggers the alarm.
  • a third variant is shown by an arrow 15.
  • An object traversing the path described by the arrow 15 could, for example, be an employee of the control personnel who walks the area between the control line KL1 and the runway 12 to avoid any disturbing objects to eliminate.
  • the space between the control line KL1 and taxiway 12 can be defined as a restricted area EEB by allowing certain objects to be present.
  • the monitoring device 2 In order to prevent such a triggering of a false alarm, the monitoring device 2 must know the "history" of the control employee, i. In the present example, the way the employee of the control personnel has traveled along the arrow 15 in the field of vision 6 of the monitoring device 1. Accordingly, if the object tracking of the control officer in both viewing areas 6, 7, both the monitoring device 1 and the monitoring device 2, taken into account in a decision, it can be determined that the control staff has first exceeded the control line KL1 from the gap and then again by a Crossing the control line KL1 has returned to this space. That is, it can be stated that in the present example, no alarm is triggered because the crossing of the control line KL1 is a legitimate violation.
  • an essential advantage of the present invention is that in an area to be monitored, which is divided into several viewing areas 6, 7 of several monitoring devices 1, 2, any object by means of object transfer between the monitoring devices 1, 2 can be monitored completely, and if necessary with a very high decision reliability, the triggering of an alarm can be determined.
  • Another significant advantage of the object transfer is that the detection reliability of objects in the viewing areas 6, 7 of the monitoring devices 1, 2 is increased, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • An object enters, for example, the viewing area 6, where it is detected by the monitoring device 1 and wherein changes in the position of the object are tracked and corresponding data is recorded.
  • a notification is sent from the monitoring device 1 to the monitoring device 2.
  • the notification preferably comprises information regarding the direction in which the object is moving and the recorded data, so that the monitoring device 2 can determine at which location the object will enter the viewing area 7.
  • the monitoring device 2 can more easily detect and detect the object when entering the viewing area 7.
  • this threshold value becomes in the monitoring device 2 preferably lowered starting from the data sent by monitoring device 1, so that the detection threshold is lowered accordingly.
  • the lowering of the threshold value can take place for a sub-zone of the field of vision 7 into which the object detected by monitoring device 1 is likely to enter, or for the entire field of vision 7.
  • a monitoring device 1, 2 which detects an entry of an object into its field of vision 6, 7 and detects changes in position of this object, record and analyze data to determine whether the object is possibly from the field of view 6, 7 of another Monitoring device 1, 2 has occurred.
  • the corresponding monitoring device 1, 2 can request data from the detected, other monitoring device 1, 2 about the motion sequence of the object in the field of view 6, 7 of this other monitoring device 1, 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows an illustration of an arrangement of monitors 19, 20 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the monitoring devices 19, 20 can in turn be designed as conventional video surveillance cameras or as infrared or thermal imaging cameras.
  • the monitoring devices 19, 20 are preferably each mounted on masts, which are firmly anchored in the ground.
  • the monitoring devices 19, 20 can be attached to any, rigid or movable objects, for example to building parts.
  • the monitoring devices 19, 20 serve, for example, to monitor a prison building.
  • both surveillance cameras each have a viewing area 21, 22.
  • the size of the monitorable viewing area 21, 22 depends on the orientation of the monitoring devices 19, 20, as well as on the detection characteristics of the corresponding monitoring devices 19, 20.
  • the detection characteristics correspond to the optical properties of the camera optics used.
  • objects detected in both viewing areas 21, 22 of the monitoring devices 19, 20 are tracked.
  • an object such as a security guard
  • a fire escape 25 into an allowed area EB
  • an alarm is to be triggered when an object, such as a breaker, passes from a window 24 into the allowed area EB.
  • Fig. 5 shows an illustrative block diagram of an embodiment of an inventive system for image analysis.
  • a plurality of surveillance cameras 1, 2 preferably provide video signals each for monitoring a field of vision detected by the corresponding camera 1, 2.
  • the video signals of the cameras 1, 2 are each switched to an analog / digital converter 29 and digitized.
  • the camera 1, 2 may be a conventional video surveillance camera or an infrared or thermal imaging camera.
  • the digitized pixel data of the video signals of the respective cameras 1, 2 are respectively stored in a memory device 30, wherein a memory device 30
  • a memory device 30 Preferably, two different image memory or an image memory having two different memory areas, and wherein in the first image memory or first memory area, the digitized pixel data representing a respective current image are stored, and in the second image memory or second memory area, the digitized pixel data, the to represent a reference image.
  • image difference determining means 31 the digitized pixel data of the current image are compared with those of the reference image of each video signal to determine differences between both images respectively generated by one and the same camera 1, 2.
  • a binary image can be generated in which pixels with the binary value "0" represent pixels whose data are unchanged with respect to the pixel data of the respective reference image, while pixels with the binary value "1 "mark marked pixels, ie Pixels of the current image whose data has been detected in relation to the pixel data of the reference image, an image change.
  • the generated binary images are examined in an object determining device 32 respectively on coherent marked pixels, wherein all contiguous pixels are assigned to an object, ie objects are extracted from the binary images. Accordingly, an object corresponds to a contiguous image area that has changed within a certain time period depending on the memory cycle of the second memory area and the second memory area, respectively.
  • Object data of the extracted objects are stored in an object list, the objects being defined, for example, as a rectangle or the like circumscribing the maximum horizontal and vertical extent of the marked pixel area.
  • the current object list is compared with a stored object list of the previous image and updated. In this case, the objects extracted from the current binary image are assigned to the objects found in the previous image by a plausibility check, such as checking for minimum distance, similar shape or the like, and objects to which no object has been assigned over a certain period of time are deleted again.
  • the object data thus generated are evaluated in an evaluation device 33 for detecting alarm-relevant objects and for alarm triggering.
  • data is preferably calculated which results from the difference between a detection point, for example the center point of a new object, and a stored center point of an assigned object of the preceding image. Based on this data, the current object list can be updated.
  • an arbitrary object may be used to calculate a particular object in the field of view of a camera 1, 2 by calculating data preferably comprising a distance traveled, a horizontal and vertical directional component, and an average velocity of the object taking into account the present lifetime to track the entire period of capture.
  • the digitized pixel data corresponding to the object are respectively read from the first memory or first memory area, wherein image content features for the object are extracted by known image processing methods in the read-out image detail.
  • the size of the extracted rectangle and the number of marked pixels found within the rectangle are used. All features of the extracted and tracked objects are compared with required feature criteria stored in a storage device 34, and preferably an alarm is triggered while all criteria are met.
  • the camera 1, 2 is selected in the field of view, the corresponding object is detected, and the corresponding video signal of the current image of the selected camera 1, 2 is connected by a switch 48 to a monitor 35, wherein the alarm objects with the corresponding vectors are displayed.
  • Fig. 6 shows a detailed view of the memory device 30 from Fig. 5
  • the memory device 30 preferably comprises two image memories 36, 37, the digitized pixel data of the current image being stored in the image memory 36. Furthermore At intervals, the digitized pixel data is stored in the second image memory 37 so as to be used as a reference image until the image memory 37 is again stored in the image memory.
  • the digitized pixel data from the frame memories 36, 37 are compared with each other in the frame difference determining means 31. Furthermore, the digitized pixel data can be read out of memory 36 from the evaluation device 33 for feature extraction with respect to alarm-relevant objects.
  • FIG. 12 shows a detailed view of the image difference determining means 31 Fig. 5 .
  • the image difference determination device 31 preferably comprises a subtraction device 38, an absolute value formation device 39 and a threshold value comparison device 40.
  • the digitized pixel data of the current image is compared with the digitized pixel data of the reference image, and differences are determined for respective pixels corresponding to each other. From these differences, amounts are formed in the magnitude bit means 39 for the individual pixels, which are compared in the threshold value comparator 40 with a predetermined threshold, which represents a decision threshold for a pixel change. By this decision threshold, for example, changes caused by signal noise are eliminated. When the threshold value is exceeded, a binary value "1" is generated for the corresponding pixel, i. an image change has been detected for the pixel and therefore this pixel is noted or marked. If the value falls below the threshold, a binary value "0" is assigned to the pixel.
  • the object determination device 32 preferably comprises a binary image memory 41, an object extractor 42 and an object correlator 43.
  • the binary image generated in the image difference determining means 31 is stored. This binary image is examined by the object extractor 42 for contiguous and marked pixels, thus extracting objects and corresponding object data are stored in an object list.
  • a significant advantage of the determination of objects is that in the further course of processing no longer individual pixels, but only the extracted objects are used, which increases the processing speed considerably.
  • the current object list is compared with a stored object list of the previous image and updated, wherein the extracted from the current binary image objects are assigned to the objects found in the previous image by plausibility check.
  • Fig. 9 shows a detailed view of the evaluation device 33 from Fig. 5 .
  • the evaluation device 33 preferably comprises an object tracking device 44, a feature extraction device 45 and an alarm object checking device 46.
  • the object tracking device 44 calculates data that is used to track an object in the field of view of a corresponding camera 1, 2. Furthermore, in the event that an object leaves the viewing area of a camera 1, 2, the object tracking device 44 determines whether the object enters the field of view of another camera 1, 2. Thus, the object tracker 44 may send a signal to the selector 28 to cause the video signal of the corresponding camera 1, 2 to be switched to the monitor 35 by means of the switch 48,
  • the feature extraction device 45 reads out the image data in the area of alarm-relevant object rectangles from the first image memory 36 Fig. 6 from and extracted in this image section according to known image processing method image content features for a corresponding object. This feature extraction, however, only happens for alarm-relevant objects, ie for objects that have a predetermined direction, size, speed, etc.
  • the features of the extracted and tracked objects are compared with the required feature criteria stored in memory device 34.
  • Fig. 10 shows a block diagram of another variant of the system according to Fig. 5 in that a reduction stage 47 is interposed between the analog / digital converter 29 and the memory device 30.
  • the reduction stage 47 serves to reduce the amount of data of a video signal, for example by adding individual pixel data in groups to new pixel data which are stored in the memory device 30.
  • Fig. 11 shows a memory section of the binary image memory 41 Fig. 8 ,
  • the memory section is shown in the form of a 2-dimensional coordinate system 49 with x-axis in the horizontal direction and y-axis in the vertical direction. Marked pixels are marked with crosses, ie "X".
  • two marked pixel areas 50, 51 that have changed with respect to the reference image have been extracted as objects 1 and 2.
  • the extracted objects are rectangular, with object 1 corresponding to the pixel area 50 having a height H1 and a width B1, and object 2 corresponding to the pixel area 51 having a height H2 and a width B2.
  • data can be determined which the coordinates x, y of the corresponding object center point, the respective object height H, the respective object width B and the number Px of the binary marked pixels. These data are entered in an object list 52.
  • the object has a height of 2 pixels and a width of 4 pixels and comprises a total of 5 marked pixels.
  • Fig. 12 shows an updated object list in which the data computed by the object tracker 44 has been supplemented.
  • the current detection center point of an object is represented by the coordinates x n and y n and the last stored center point of the object by the coordinates x n-1 and y n-1 .
  • the values H n-1 , B n-1 and Px n-1 give the last stored cave. Width or number of marked pixels of the object.
  • the updated object list is supplemented by the determined values for the amount of a motion vector s, a mean velocity v, a previous duration T and movement direction components R H and R V.
  • the object 1 has, for example, a current detection center point (2; 0).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP01119125.1A 2000-08-31 2001-08-08 Verfahren zum Überwachen eines vorbestimmten Bereichs und entsprechendes System Expired - Lifetime EP1189187B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2000142935 DE10042935B4 (de) 2000-08-31 2000-08-31 Verfahren zum Überwachen eines vorbestimmten Bereichs und entsprechendes System
DE10042935 2000-08-31

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EP1189187A2 EP1189187A2 (de) 2002-03-20
EP1189187A3 EP1189187A3 (de) 2009-05-27
EP1189187B1 true EP1189187B1 (de) 2016-02-03

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EP (1) EP1189187B1 (no)
DE (1) DE10042935B4 (no)
ES (1) ES2563452T3 (no)
NO (1) NO329869B1 (no)

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US8547437B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2013-10-01 Sensormatic Electronics, LLC Method and system for tracking and behavioral monitoring of multiple objects moving through multiple fields-of-view
DE10310636A1 (de) 2003-03-10 2004-09-30 Mobotix Ag Überwachungsvorrichtung
US7286157B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-10-23 Intellivid Corporation Computerized method and apparatus for determining field-of-view relationships among multiple image sensors
US7346187B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2008-03-18 Intellivid Corporation Method of counting objects in a monitored environment and apparatus for the same
US7280673B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2007-10-09 Intellivid Corporation System and method for searching for changes in surveillance video
FI117662B (fi) * 2004-06-29 2006-12-29 Videra Oy AV-järjestelmä sekä ohjain
KR20070045223A (ko) * 2004-08-05 2007-05-02 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 감시 장치 및 그를 컴퓨터에서 실행시키기 위한 프로그램을 저장한 저장매체.
ATE500580T1 (de) 2005-03-25 2011-03-15 Sensormatic Electronics Llc Intelligente kameraauswahl und objektverfolgung
US9036028B2 (en) 2005-09-02 2015-05-19 Sensormatic Electronics, LLC Object tracking and alerts
US7671728B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2010-03-02 Sensormatic Electronics, LLC Systems and methods for distributed monitoring of remote sites
US7825792B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2010-11-02 Sensormatic Electronics Llc Systems and methods for distributed monitoring of remote sites
JP4318724B2 (ja) 2007-02-14 2009-08-26 パナソニック株式会社 監視カメラ及び監視カメラ制御方法
WO2017060083A1 (en) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-13 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Integrated lighting and people counting system

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CA2155719C (en) * 1994-11-22 2005-11-01 Terry Laurence Glatt Video surveillance system with pilot and slave cameras
GB2337146B (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-07-19 Primary Image Limited Method and apparatus for detecting motion across a surveillance area
US6359647B1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2002-03-19 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Automated camera handoff system for figure tracking in a multiple camera system

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Publication number Publication date
NO329869B1 (no) 2011-01-17
EP1189187A2 (de) 2002-03-20
DE10042935A1 (de) 2002-03-14
NO20014158D0 (no) 2001-08-27
ES2563452T3 (es) 2016-03-15
DE10042935B4 (de) 2005-07-21
EP1189187A3 (de) 2009-05-27
NO20014158L (no) 2002-03-01

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