EP1184824B1 - Passiv-Infrarotmelder - Google Patents
Passiv-Infrarotmelder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1184824B1 EP1184824B1 EP00119046A EP00119046A EP1184824B1 EP 1184824 B1 EP1184824 B1 EP 1184824B1 EP 00119046 A EP00119046 A EP 00119046A EP 00119046 A EP00119046 A EP 00119046A EP 1184824 B1 EP1184824 B1 EP 1184824B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- passive infrared
- infrared detector
- sensors
- weighting
- detector according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000791900 Selene vomer Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
- G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a passive infrared detector with heat-sensitive sensors and with a focusing elements having focusing device for bundling the from different monitoring areas on the detector falling heat rays on the Sensors.
- Passive infrared detectors of this type have been known and widely used for years. They serve in particular to detect the presence or intrusion of unauthorized persons in one or a surveillance room by proof of the sent by these people typical infrared radiation, which is directed by the focusing on the sensor.
- a focusing device either a Fresnel lens assembly is used, which in the the front of the detector housing integrated entrance window for the infrared radiation integrated is (see, for example, EP-A-0 559 110), or inside the detector housing arranged mirror consisting of individual reflectors (see, for example, EP-A-0 303 913).
- Both the Fresnel lens arrangement and the mirror are designed so that the monitored Room with fan-shaped monitoring areas from the detector is. Once an object emitting heat radiation enters a surveillance area penetrates, the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object, wherein the safest detection is when the object moves across the surveillance area.
- EP-A-0 899 701 discloses a passive infrared detector of a first fixed detection system and a second, movable detection system and the detection the movement device of an object in the detection area allowed.
- the passive infrared detectors of today's generation detect intruders within the Effective range of the detector very reliable, but provide no information about the position the burglar in the effective range. Although this is not for conventional, conventional applications required, but could be desirable for certain new applications.
- Such a new application would be, for example, a passive infrared detector, in which individual Monitoring zones optionally, for example by an internal switch, active or inactive are adjustable.
- Another Application possibility would be the monitoring of a room, such as the switch room a bank, with video cameras, the cameras store the images when the image processing this requires.
- the cameras for monitoring a room have a large opening angle and therefore image quality is generally poor, it would be desirable to a camera with a narrow viewing angle and thus higher resolution or with zoom and to use these based on the signal of an infrared detector on the interested Align room area.
- a passive infrared detector of the type mentioned according to the invention achieved in that the focusing device for each monitoring area one of Number of sensors corresponding number of focusing elements, each of which each associated with a sensor so that each sensor has a pattern of surveillance areas has, that the mutually corresponding monitoring areas of the sensors each other overlap, and that each monitoring area of each sensor one unique identification the respective monitoring area enabling weighting is assigned.
- a first preferred embodiment of the inventive passive infrared detector is characterized characterized in that the mutually corresponding monitoring areas of the sensors overlap each other exactly.
- a second preferred embodiment of the inventive passive infrared detector is characterized in that the weighting of the surveillance areas by a different optical aperture of the corresponding focusing takes place.
- a third preferred embodiment of the inventive passive infrared detector is characterized in that the focusing device is formed by a mirror or Fresnel lens arrangement is formed, which from the individual focusing elements forming reflectors or Fresnel lenses exists.
- a fourth preferred embodiment of the inventive passive infrared detector is characterized in that the weight of the reflectors by a change in reflectivity their reflective surfaces done.
- the weighting is done by a regional change in the thickness of this film.
- Fig. 1 Passive infrared detector contains two heat-sensitive Sensors S and S 'and a focusing device.
- the latter is by two conventional Mirror R, R 'are formed, each of which consists of a number of focusing elements or reflectors consists.
- the sensors S, S 'are for example, pyrosensors or thermopile sensors (see EP-A-0 981 159).
- pyrosensors or thermopile sensors
- the individual reflectors are each individual mirror designed so that the space to be monitored with outgoing from the detector Monitoring areas is fan-shaped covered, where corresponding to different Distances from the detector several such "fan areas" or surveillance zones are provided. For example, there are four monitoring zones, one remote zone, a middle zone, a near zone and a so-called look-down zone, separated by four in vertical Direction staggered rows of reflectors are covered.
- These rows are at the mirror R the row containing the reflectors A n for the far zone, the row containing the reflectors B m for the middle zone, the row containing the reflectors C k for the near zone and the row containing the reflector D for the look Down Zone.
- the fan-shaped overlap is made by mutual displacement and rotation of the reflectors reached each row in the horizontal direction, wherein to achieve an approximately uniform Overlap pattern the number of reflectors per row with the distance of the respective monitoring zone of the detector increases.
- Each reflector "looks" in the spatial direction of the corresponding zone, which receives from this Solid angle incident heat radiation and focuses these on the associated pyrosensor S or S '.
- the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object, whereupon the detector issues an alarm signal.
- This alarm signal indicates that a Object, such as an intruder, located in the interstitial space, but leaves none Conclusions about the exact position of the intruder in the interstitial space.
- FIG. 2 symbolically shows a detector with two pyrosensors S and S ', which contains a mirror arrangement of the type shown in FIG.
- the detector is mounted, for example, in a corner of a room to be monitored and covers the monitored areas designated Ü1 to Ü7 the remote zone (row with the reflectors A).
- the surveillance areas of the other zones are not shown; Reference is made in this connection to EP-A-0 303 913, in particular to FIG. 3 thereof.
- the reflectors thus define the surveillance areas.
- the reflectors B1 and B5 receive heat radiation from the surveillance areas Ü1 and Ü7, respectively (though not from the remote zone but from the central zone) and the reflectors B3, C2 and D from the monitoring area Ü4.
- the two mirrors R and R ' produce an identical overlay pattern and are also aligned so that their overlap patterns overlap one another exactly.
- each monitoring area is assigned a weighting which is selected such that a unique identification of the respective monitoring area and thus of the azimuth of an intruder becomes possible.
- These weightings are plotted in FIG. 2 both next to the monitoring areas and next to the connecting lines between the sensors and the monitoring areas, the first and upper numbers respectively referring to the sensor S 'and the mirror R' and the second or lower number refers to the sensor S and the mirror R.
- Different weighting means that the heat radiation from the individual monitoring areas in a different strength caused by the weighting reaches the two sensors S and S ', so that the distribution of the intensity on the two sensors S and S' directly indicates from which monitoring area the Radiation comes.
- Table 1 below shows the weighting of the individual monitoring areas: monitoring area Weighting R ', S' Weighting R, S U1 1 0 U2 1 1.3 U3 1 2.3 U4 1 1 E5 2.3 1 E6 1.3 1 Ü7 0 1
- the different weighting of the monitoring areas is done by a different optical aperture of the corresponding reflectors, which is shown schematically in Fig. 1.
- the hatched areas of the individual reflectors are not needed and are for example covered.
- the reflector A2, for example, is covered by two thirds and thus closed one third, which corresponds to the second number in the monitoring area Ü2 in FIG.
- the numbers in Fig. 2 thus indicate the relative optical aperture of the associated reflectors.
- the optical aperture of existing passive infrared optics can be done in different ways be adjusted.
- Fresnel lenses the thickness of the film in which the Fresnel lenses integrated are, area-wise enlarged or reduced and at a mirror, for example the reflectivity of the reflective surface of the reflectors are changed.
- S 1 and S 2 denote the signals of the sensors S 'and S, respectively.
- corr ⁇ S 1 ( t ).
- S 2 t - ⁇ ).
- dt ⁇ S 1 2 ( t ).
- dt ⁇ S 2 2 ( t ).
- dt 1.2 > corr ⁇ ⁇ 90% ⁇ ⁇ 0 b) ( ⁇ S 1 2 ( t ).
- condition b) one could also use the maximum amplitudes and request that that their ratio is about 2/3/1.
- a passive infrared detector can not only for the determination of the azimuth but also for Determining the approximate distance of an intruder to the detector. So can a ceiling mounted detector with multiple sensors and optics with variable apertures, which can be uniquely assigned to the sensors, the location of an intruder in principle, two-dimensional dissolve.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the overlay pattern of one with 6 sensors equipped ceiling detector, that is a difference to Fig. 2 not on a wall, but ceiling mounted passive infrared detector.
- the 6 sensors are represented by lines a to f symbolizes which each designate the normal vector to the same name sensor.
- a ceiling detector is made to DE-A-195 17 517, the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
- the ceiling detector of Figure 3 has a resolution of 15 ° in the azimuth. for the individual surveillance areas each two weighting stages are provided, which in the figure with the values 1 or 1 ⁇ 2 are designated.
- the focusing device (not shown) for the sensors is so designed so that the sensors "look" directly vertically downwards, whereby the detector the Distant range may differ from the near range. This property can be used to to focus a camera on an intruder and take pictures.
- the focusing device is designed so that each sensor in the with the relevant Letters denoted direction not in the distance but only in the vicinity "Looks".
- sensor 8 has a total of 8 remote areas R1 to R8 are provided, which lie between the directions a and c, including these directions, but without the direction b. In the direction b, the sensor b only then speaks when an intruder is already close to the detector.
- the ceiling detector is combined with advantage with a video camera and can in this constellation autonomously track intruders. But it can be used to assist a surgeon which serves a camera to provide a directional indication, with which the surgeon capture the intruder more safely and faster.
- the internal detector tracking of intruders takes place with the help of adapted tracking algorithms from radar technology. This allows a video camera with a narrow viewing angle on the moving intruder align, track and make a series of high resolution video recordings, which is not possible with the video surveillance devices available today.
- a traceable Passive infrared detectors trace the path of an intruder in monitored areas, you can estimate the number of intruders, what security service and police are of great interest.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung der Sensoren und der Fokussiereinrichtung eines erfindungsgemässen Passiv-Infrarotmelders,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung des mit der Fokussiereinrichtung von Fig. 1 erzeugten Überdeckungsmusters; und
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Darstellung des Überdeckungsmusters eines mit 6 Sensoren ausgerüsteten, an einer Decke montierten Passiv-Infrarotmelders.
Überwachungsbereich | Gewichtung R', S' | Gewichtung R, S |
Ü1 | 1 | 0 |
Ü2 | 1 | 1/3 |
Ü3 | 1 | 2/3 |
Ü4 | 1 | 1 |
Ü5 | 2/3 | 1 |
Ü6 | 1/3 | 1 |
Ü7 | 0 | 1 |
Claims (10)
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder mit wärmeempfindlichen Sensoren (S, S') und mit einer Fokussierelemente (An, An'; Bm, Bm'; Ck, Ck'; D) aufweisenden Fokussiereinrichtung (R, R') zur Bündelung der aus verschiedenen Überwachungsbereichen (Ü1 - Ü7) auf den Melder fallenden Wärmestrahlen auf die Sensoren (S, S'), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fokussiereinrichtung (R, R') für jeden Überwachungsbereich (Ü1 - Ü7) eine der Anzahl der Sensoren (S, S') entsprechende Anzahl von Fokussierelementen (An, An'; Bm, Bm'; Ck, Ck'; D) aufweist, von denen jedes je einem Sensor (S bzw. S') zugeordnet ist, so dass jeder Sensor (S, S') ein Muster von Überwachungsbereichen aufweist, dass die einander entsprechenden Überwachungsbereiche der Sensoren (S, S') einander überlappen, und dass jedem Überwachungsbereich jedes Sensors (S, S') eine die eindeutige Identifizierung des jeweiligen Überwachungsbereichs ermöglichende Gewichtung zugeordnet ist.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einander entsprechenden Überwachungsbereiche der Sensoren (S, S') einander exakt überlappen.
- Passiv Infrarotmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gewichtung der Überwachungsbereiche (Ü1 - Ü7) durch eine unterschiedliche optische Apertur der entsprechenden Fokussierelemente (An, An'; Bm, Bm'; Ck, Ck'; D) erfolgt.
- Passiv Infrarotmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fokussiereinrichtung (R, R') durch eine Spiegel- oder Fresnellinsenanordnung gebildet ist, welche aus die einzelnen Fokussierelemente bildenden Reflektoren (An, An'; Bm, Bm'; Ck, Ck'; D) beziehungsweise Fresnellinsen besteht.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gewichtung der Reflektoren (An, An'; Bm, Bm'; Ck, Ck'; D) durch eine Änderung der Reflektivität ihrer spiegelnden Oberflächen erfolgt.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Fresnellinsenanordnung mit einer Folie, in welche die Fresnellinsen integriert sind, die Gewichtung durch eine gebietsweise Änderung der Dicke dieser Folie erfolgt.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bestimmung der relativen Gewichtung eines Signals unter mehreren simultan auftretenden eine Berechnung der normierten Kreuzkorrelation erfolgt, wobei ein Wert nahe bei 1 verlangt wird.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuordnung der Signale zu einem bestimmten Azimut anhand der relativen Gewichtung der Signale erfolgt, welche aus den Quotienten der Effektivwerte der Einzelsignale gewonnen wird.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine melderinterne Verfolgung von Eindringlingen mit Hilfe von adaptierten Tracking-Algorithmen aus der Radartechnik erfolgt.
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch einen Anschluss zur Verbindung des Melders mit einer Videokamera, um diese auf einen detektierten Eindringling oder auf einen Raumbereich mit in diesem festgestellter Bewegung eines Objekts auszurichten.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50010608T DE50010608D1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
EP00119046A EP1184824B1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
AT00119046T ATE298447T1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Passiv-infrarotmelder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00119046A EP1184824B1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1184824A1 EP1184824A1 (de) | 2002-03-06 |
EP1184824B1 true EP1184824B1 (de) | 2005-06-22 |
Family
ID=8169736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00119046A Expired - Lifetime EP1184824B1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1184824B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE298447T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50010608D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10209124B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2019-02-19 | Philips Lighting Holding B.V. | Passive infrared sensor system for position detection |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2550339Y2 (ja) * | 1991-06-03 | 1997-10-08 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 熱源移動検出装置 |
AUPN374495A0 (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1995-07-13 | Vision Systems Limited | Security sensor arrangement |
US5641963A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-06-24 | Mueller; Thomas J. | Infrared location system |
DE19737761A1 (de) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-04 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Bwegungs- und richtungsselektiver Bewegungsmelder |
EP1024465A1 (de) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-02 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
-
2000
- 2000-09-02 AT AT00119046T patent/ATE298447T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-02 EP EP00119046A patent/EP1184824B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-02 DE DE50010608T patent/DE50010608D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1184824A1 (de) | 2002-03-06 |
ATE298447T1 (de) | 2005-07-15 |
DE50010608D1 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
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