EP1184517A2 - Winter service-spreading-apparatus and spinner disc therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotating spreader plate (1), to scatter sand or grit and the like over road surfaces in winter, has a number of paddles (2-4) rotating around a center and vertical axis (7). The radial inner ends (3a) of at least some paddles with different outer radii have different root heights. The root height of paddles with a minimum outer radius is higher than the root height of paddles with a maximum outer radius.

Description

The invention relates to a winter service spreader for spreading granulated grit such as salts, grit, sand and the like and in particular the invention relates to a spreading disc for a Winter gritting equipment.

Known spreading devices have spreading plates, which are essentially one vertical axis of rotation are driven in rotation and on their top have upright, radially extending wings. By means of the wings is the spreading material, which the spreading disc through an outflow opening is fed from above, accelerated in the circumferential direction and due to the centrifugal force thrown radially from the spreading disc. The throw range and accordingly the spread on the road can be achieved by varying the speed of the spreading disc individually to the desired one Dimension can be set. There is a fundamental one Need an almost uniform distribution of the spreading material over the to achieve the entire spread, regardless of the set speed.

It is from DE 40 39 795 C1 to achieve an almost uniform, speed-independent spreading material distribution known, the wings on to form the spreading disc of different lengths, the radially inner ones Ends (roots) of the wings on a common radius and the radially outer ends lie on different radii and the spreading plate edge is flush with the wing ends. This results in two essential effects for the distribution of the Grit. First, the spreading material is different depending on the wing length Radially accelerated speeds and corresponding fan-like distributed close or far around the spreading disc. Second is the drop angle depending on the wing length, because the spreading material in the short Wings leaves the spreading disc earlier than with the long wings. All in all Depending on the length of the wing, this results in spreading fan compartments that are differ in terms of throwing distance and throwing angle and overlap, which creates a more uniform spreading density across the spreading width is achieved.

The problem with all spreading devices known to date is that the scattering density is essentially constant over the scattering range is, but decreases in the edge area. There are numerous ways to influence the spreading material distribution of a spreading device, for example by changing the geometry of the outflow opening for the spreading material or by changing the angle of attack of the blades on the spreading disc or by relocating the task location (feed radius and / or feed angle) of the spreading material on the spreading plate (Kurt Heppler, research report Agricultural engineering of the research and teaching working group of the Max Eyth Society (MEG) 243, "Parameter studies on granulate application mit Schleuderscheiben ", dissertation, Karlsruhe 1993). Such Measures always have an influence on the spreading density distribution in the grit boxes. Still, these measures seem not to be able to reduce the scatter density of a scatter carpet to the edge area, that is to say in particular up to the edge of the road bring even level.

The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing measures which make it possible to use a winter service spreader Spreading carpet, which is essentially in its edge area has constant scattering density.

This object is achieved by the use of a spreading disc solved, in which the radially inner ends of at least some Wings with different wing outer radius different root heights have. The root height is the height of a wing on its radially inner end relative to the spreading disc surface.

The effect achieved is that the wings depending on the root height take and discard different amounts of material. The practice teaches that regardless of the wing length or the wing outer radius there is a very large spread density at the beginning of a spreading fan, which initially decreases sharply in the course of the spreading fan and then remains essentially constant until the end of the spreading fan. The amount of what is carried and dropped by a wing Spreading material therefore has a particular effect on the spreading density at the beginning of the grit fan. Now that the beginning of the grit fan is relative to the direction of the winter service gritting vehicle usually like this is placed so that he the border area adjacent to the edge of the road of the scattering carpet can be created simply by varying the root height the spreading density can be set in the edge area of the spreading carpet.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the Root height of wings with a minimal wing outer radius is higher than the root height of wings with maximum wing outer radius, preferably twice as high, and in particular 20 mm.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the root heights the wing is graded depending on the respective wing outer radius are. This allows a particularly uniform distribution of the Get grit.

A spreading disc, the spreading disc surface of which has proven to be particularly suitable is concave and the height of the wings above the spreading plate surface starting from the root height to one maximum wing height increases and from there to the wing outer radius decreases horizontally to 40 mm.

Figur 1

einen Streuteller in Draufsicht;

Figur 2

einen Teilschnitt II-II des Streutellers aus Figur 1; und

Figur 3

einen Streuteppich mit Streudichteverteilung.

The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In it show:

Figure 1

a spreader plate in plan view;

Figure 2

a partial section II-II of the spreading plate from Figure 1; and

Figure 3

a spreading carpet with spreading density distribution.

In Fig. 1 is a spreading plate 1 according to a preferred embodiment the invention is shown schematically in plan view. The spreading disc 1 carries three groups of three different on its top long (12, 13, 14) trained wings 2, 3, 4. The wings of the same length are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and to the other wings spaced regularly. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the spreading disc is 1 attached to a substantially vertical shaft 6 by means of a hub 5, which can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation 7. Axial to Axis of rotation 7 is a truncated cone on the top of the spreader plate 8 arranged, which on its outer surface with 18 sawtooth-like Teeth 9 is provided. In the foot region of the tooth cone 8, the Spreading plate 1 on a flat circular section 10. The radius of the Circle section 10 and the lower radius of the toothed cone 8 correspond about a third of the maximum radius R2 of the spreading disc 1, for example 110 mm with a spreading disc radius R2 of 360 mm.

The radially outside between the tooth cone 8 and the outer edge 11 lying ring zone of the spreading plate 1 is concave and points to the horizontal plane 12, in which the circular section 10 of the spreading plate 1 lies, a cone angle α of about 5 ° to 10 °, in particular 9 °, so that the outer edge 11 of the spreading plate 1 in the vertical direction above the Circle section 10 lies.

Above the tooth cone 8 is a liquid container coaxial to the axis of rotation 7 13 fixedly arranged, which with a liquid supply device 14 is provided, through which the so-called brine, typically Calcium or sodium chloride for moistening the salt granulate the spreading plate 1 is supplied. On the of the liquid supply device 14 diametrically opposite side of the liquid container 13 a filling support 15 is arranged, via which the liquid container 13 is filled with brine.

The salt granulate is through a discharge opening, not shown diagonally on top of the tooth cone 8 in the area of the liquid supply device 14 abandoned so that it is due to the rotation of the tooth cone 8 is thrown radially away in the moistened state. The tooth cone 8 is therefore also referred to as a centrifugal wheel.

The salt granules are thrown away by the wings 2, 3, 4, which with their radially inner ends 2a, 3a, 4a each without gaps to one the tooth flanks 9 of the tooth cone 8, in the circumferential direction 17 taken. The tooth flanks 9 of the tooth cone 8 form with the Wings 2, 3, 4 form a closed radial guide surface for the spreading material. Because of the rotation of the spreading disc 1 in the circumferential direction 17 is applied to the spreading peripheral speed Spreading material accelerated in the radial direction (centrifugal acceleration) and slides along the guide surface 20. Only on the radially outer ones Ends 2b, 3b, 4b of the wings 2, 3, 4 leave the spreading material the wings with a discharge speed that essentially depends on the rotational speed of the turntable 1 and the outer wing radius R2, R3, R4 the wing 2, 3, 4 depends. The upper edges of wings 2, 3, 4 are in Circumferential direction bent like a blade to prevent that Granules evade upwards.

Fig. 1 shows differences in length 12, 13, 14 of the wings 2, 3, 4, so that the Wing 2, 3, 4, on the common radius R of the toothed cone 8th begin to end on different radii R2, R3, R4. The radius R2 of the longest wing 2 defines the radius R1 of the turntable 1. Die Leaf lengths 12, 13, 14 are evenly graded to ensure an even To achieve spreading material spread over the spreading width.

The outer edge 11 of the spreading plate 1 closes with the outer ones Ends 2b, 3b, 4b of the individual wings 2, 3, 4 are flush. Indeed the outer edge 11 does not have to be a linear connection between the outer ones Form wing ends 2b, 3b, 4b, because other contours 21, 22, 23 can have a positive influence on the distribution of grit.

The root height of the wings 2, 3, 4 is the wing height at the Toothed cone 8 adjacent, radially inner end of the wings 2, 3, 4, is different depending on the wing length. This is in the right part of the Figure 2 is shown schematically. Figure 2 shows a medium-length wing 3 with a certain root height at its radially inner end 3a. A long wing 2 and a short wing are shown in broken lines 4. The root height of the short wing 4 is twice as high as that Root height of the long wing 2. The root height of the medium length Wing 3 lies exactly between the root heights of the long and short ones Wing 2, 4. The length 13 of the medium-length wing 3 is also exactly in the middle between the lengths 12, 14 of the long and short wings 2, 4. This means that the differences in root height are proportional to the differences in length the wing chosen. This was used for salt granules good spreading carpet results achieved. Depending on the type of granulate or from others Other root height ratios can also be advantageous for reasons his.

It can also be seen from FIG. 2 that the wing height is linear and for all wings at the same angle starting from the root height increases and from a maximum height parallel to the horizontal plane 12 extends to each at the radially outer wing ends 2b, 3b, 4b with the identical wing height of 40 mm in the exemplary embodiment to end.

In Figure 3, the fan-like distribution of grit is shown results if grit with a grit plate according to Figures 1 and 2 is carried out. In this case the vehicle speed is 0 and the rotation speed of the turntable is set so that the spreading fans 32, 33, 34 adjoin each other approximately.

The direction of the vehicle is identified by "Y". The one from a winter service gritter spreading carpet would therefore be in the Y direction expand and in a direction X transverse to the Y direction Have a spread that depends essentially on the speed of rotation depends on the spreading disc.

The turntable rotates in the circumferential direction 17 and the thrown material forms an inner, a middle and an outer grit fan 34, 33, 32, the inner grit fan 34 by grit is formed, which was thrown from the short wings 4, and the middle and outer grit compartments 33, 32 formed by grit be thrown off by the medium-long and long wings 3, 2 has been. This can be explained physically by the fact that the short wings 4 entrained spreading material the spreading plate 1 comparatively leaves early so that the radial speed generated by centrifugal force of the grit and thus the throwing distance is less than with the long wings 3, 2. At the same time there is also the discharge angle slightly earlier, which is why the spreading fan generated by the short wings 4 34 starts earlier and ends earlier than that of the longer wings 3, 2 produced grit compartments 33, 32.

The distribution of the grit within the individual grit compartments 32, 33, 34 is basically identical. That is, seen in the circumferential direction 17 the spreading material compartments start relatively narrow with a very high one Scattering density and quickly increase to a width that by the end of the Grit fan remains approximately constant. In terms of quantity, most of it falls Spreading material in the beginning of the spreading material fan, then takes in the circumferential direction 17 quickly and then remains until the end of the spreading fan roughly constant. There is one across the width of the spreading compartments Frequency distribution 22, 32, 42 a, the bar chart in Figure 3 is shown.

Due to the differently designed root height according to the invention single wing 2, 3, 4 now results that the short wing 4 because take more grit with you because of their comparatively high root height throw off as compared to the longer wing 2. Because the largest material discharge viewed in circumferential direction 17 at the beginning of each Spreading fan, the different root heights have special Effect on the density distribution in this area of Grit bins. That is, if the spreader is set so that the beginning of the spreading fan, as shown in Figure 3, at the edge of the Spreading carpet lies, so the spreading density at the spreading carpet edge is very set exactly by selecting the appropriate root height. To do this it is not absolutely necessary that all wings have the same wing length also have the same root height. Besides, it is not essential necessary that the root height gradation with the wing length gradation correlated.

If one integrates the quantity of spreading material Z in the vehicle direction Y, the result is approximately one over the spreading width X for each spreading width range Δx constant spreading material height, only in the immediate edge area at the edge of the road (right in Figure 3) rapidly drops to zero.

Claims (7)

Spreading disc (1) for a winter service spreading device for spreading granulated spreading material comprising a spreading disc surface, an axis of rotation (7) which is essentially perpendicular relative to the spreading disc surface and a plurality of vanes (2, 3, which extend essentially radially to the axis of rotation (7) on the spreading disc surface. 4) with radially inner ends (2a, 3a, 4a) and radially outer ends (2b, 3b, 4b), the radially outer ends (2b, 3b, 4b) of at least some of these several blades on different wing outer radii (R2, R3, R4) lie relative to the axis of rotation, characterized in that the radially inner ends (2a, 3a, 4a) have different root heights at least from some of these wings with different wing outer radii. Scattering plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the root height of wings (4) with a minimum outer wing radius (R4) is higher than the root height of wings (2) with a maximum wing outer radius (R2). Scatter plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the root height of the wings (4) with a minimum outer wing radius (R4) is twice as high as the root height of the wings (2) with a maximum wing outer radius (R2). Scatter plate according to claim 3, characterized in that the root height of the wings (4) with a minimal outer wing radius (R4) is 20 mm and the root height of the wings (2) with a maximum wing outer radius (R2) is 10 mm. Scattering plate according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the root heights of the wings (2, 3, 4) are graduated depending on the respectively associated wing outer radius (R2, R3, R4). Scatter plate according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the scatter plate surface is concave and the height of the wings (2, 3, 4) above the scatter plate surface starting from the root height at the radially inner ends (2a, 3a, 4a) the wing rises to a maximum wing height and decreases horizontally to the wing outer radius (R2, R3, R4) to the same height for the wings (2, 3, 4). Winter service spreading device for spreading granulated spreading material with a spreading disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6.

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