EP1183114B1 - Bending block for a bending device and bending method for tubes - Google Patents

Bending block for a bending device and bending method for tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1183114B1
EP1183114B1 EP00943718A EP00943718A EP1183114B1 EP 1183114 B1 EP1183114 B1 EP 1183114B1 EP 00943718 A EP00943718 A EP 00943718A EP 00943718 A EP00943718 A EP 00943718A EP 1183114 B1 EP1183114 B1 EP 1183114B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
lamellae
pipe
mandrel
bending mandrel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP00943718A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1183114A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Flehmig
Uwe Kneiphoff
Klaus Blümel
Klaus GÖHLER
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
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Publication of EP1183114A1 publication Critical patent/EP1183114A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D9/00Bending tubes using mandrels or the like
    • B21D9/01Bending tubes using mandrels or the like the mandrel being flexible and engaging the entire tube length
    • B21D9/03Bending tubes using mandrels or the like the mandrel being flexible and engaging the entire tube length and built-up from loose elements, e.g. series of balls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mandrel for a Bending device for pipes, consisting of a rigid Head and a package attached to it with only one end of layered, flexible slats, the perpendicular to the slat plane while sliding the slats is flexible to each other.
  • Such mandrels are used in pipe bending devices used to inside the tube during the bending process support.
  • This support is designed to buckle the tube, a wave formation on the inner bending bend, Flattening on the outer arch, an oval deformation of the Cross-section and a springback of the tube after Bending process can be counteracted.
  • the danger of it to the aforementioned effects when not used Bending mandrel comes in, especially with pipes that are large large ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness have and with a comparatively small radius, e.g. in the order of the pipe diameter should.
  • Typical wall thicknesses of such pipes are e.g. at 1.5 mm with a pipe diameter of 150 mm.
  • JP 619 8349 there is a mandrel of the type mentioned at the beginning known (JP 619 8349), in which between outer, on the Plates made of spring steel on the inside of the pipe Stacked flexible slats forming a package are arranged from plastic. Because the individual slats Being able to slide on top of each other is the one for the bending process bending force to be used compared to the other Bending mandrel made of solid plastic material smaller. Nevertheless, the bending force to be used is undesirable high, especially when pipes with large cross section and small bending radius should be bent.
  • the bending mandrel according to the invention made of lamellae exists, it is because of the material chosen for it "Sheet" is dimensionally stable and can be relatively easily bend because the central slats do not overlap extend the entire cross-section.
  • Bronze is suitable for this, but above all steel, especially spring steel.
  • the bending mandrel can be designed in various ways his.
  • the cutouts are in the cut slats on their not attached Ends open. According to an alternative embodiment they closed at the unattached ends.
  • the closed end can be advantageous for supporting the may be particularly heavily loaded in practice Be the end.
  • the bending force required for bending can continue can be reduced by the fact that at least some slats on its side facing the inner bending arc transversely to have notches running in their longitudinal direction. Also the bending force can be reduced in that between the individual slats sliding on each other a lubricant is provided.
  • the free end of the package can be spherical rounded, cut at an angle or tapering to a point his.
  • the lamellae are in contact with each other during the bending process move that the one on the outer arch Slat opposite the slat on the inner arch referred to the plane perpendicular to the pipe axis would remain the support in this area get lost if not after another Embodiment of the invention would be provided that the Slats have a different length, such that the slats on the side with the big one Bend the greatest length and the slat on the side has the smallest length with the small bending curve.
  • the invention further relates to a method for bending a tube using an inventive Bending mandrel in a bending device with a fixed receptacle for the tube with inserted Bending mandrel, one on the side of the small bending sheet stationary support body and one around the Center piece for the Pipe.
  • such a method is thereby characterized that the pipe and the one used Bending mandrel that extends over the entire length of the Bending arc extends throughout the entire bending process is axially fixed.
  • the method according to the invention is became possible because of the special design of the mandrel, the required bending forces relative are small, so that the bending forces to be applied also despite the greater axial length over which the fins do not slide on each other during the bending process grow uncontrollably large.
  • the tube is used during the bending process held axially fixed, then migrates during the bending process the bending area around the middle of the bending sheet.
  • the flexible mandrel must therefore be correspondingly long be designed.
  • a shorter mandrel comes in alternative method of the invention.
  • This A bending device comes with a method fixed receptacle for the tube with inserted Bending mandrel, one on the side of the small bending sheet arranged, especially around the middle of the bending sheet rotatable support body and one around the same center of the bending arc swiveling guide piece for the pipe to use.
  • Such a method is in accordance with the invention characterized in that the tube and the used Bending mandrel that at least with its flexible part over the bending area of the bending sheet extends during the entire bending process axially freely movable or controlled that the flexible part of the mandrel in the bending effective The area of the bending sheet remains.
  • the pipe can be controlled or free movable according to its different Path speeds on the inner curve and the outer curve Path velocities of the one acting on the pipe Part of the device in the sense of the smallest possible Relative movement can be adjusted.
  • the axial Movement of the tube allows the bending area fixate spatially, so that one can only get over a small length of the flexure extending flexible Bending mandrel gets along.
  • the bending device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a fixed shot 1, one on the side of the small one Bending arc fixed support body 2 and one pivotable about the center A of the support body 2 Guide piece 3.
  • the starting position for the bending process is a pipe 4 to be bent in the receptacle 1 and extends beyond the guide piece 3.
  • In the tube 4 is a Bending mandrel inserted.
  • the mandrel consists of a rigid head 5 and a package 6 attached to it of stacked slats 6a, 6b.
  • the head 5 has two Fork branches 7,8. There are 7,8 between these fork branches the slats 6a, with the exception of the outer, somewhat shortened slats 6b fastened with bolts.
  • the outer slats 6b are fastened by means of Bolts on the other fins 6a.
  • the slats 6a with the exception of the outer slats 6b window-like recesses 6c to the free end of Pact 6 are open. The simpler representation because of this this is only shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.
  • the outer slats 6b are formed over the entire surface, so that the stacked slats 6a, 6b one Form hollow body in which the individual lamellae 6a, 6b cover each other and support each other.
  • the area of the cutouts 6c can be the lamellae 6a, 6b Have grooves 6d running transversely to the bending plane.
  • the Recesses 6c and the grooves 6d favor the Flexibility of the package 6.
  • the Fig. 3 is further closed remove that the slats 6a, 6b at their free end are held together by a tension spring 9. Furthermore is this Fig. That the slats 6a, 6b a have different lengths.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from that of FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the support body 2 'about the center A of the bending arc, the tube 4 'is not axially fixed, but is pushed forward and the flexible part 6 'of the mandrel 5', 6'one has a comparatively short length.
  • the tube 4 is held axially fixed.
  • the support body 2 is rotation.
  • the bending mandrel 5,6 is also fixed axially and its flexible package 6 has a length that spans the entire length of the bend of the tube 4 extends as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • a such configuration enables that during the bending process the mandrel 5.6 does not match the bending progress must be adjusted. Therefore, the procedure can be easy and quick to perform and does not lead to internal damage to the tube 4, which is which make it necessary to move the mandrel can happen.

Abstract

The invention relates to a bending mandrel for a bending device and also to a bending method for pipes, more particularly pipes which have a large diameter-to-wall thickness ratio and are to be bent by a small radius, for example, of the order of magnitude of the pipe diameter. To this end use is made of a bending mandrel (5, 6) to whose rigid head (5) assembly (6) of springy sheet metal lamellae (6a, 6b) is attached to improve the bendability of the bending mandrel (5, 6) while maintaining a satisfactory supporting action, the lamellae (6a), with the exception of the outer lamellae (6b), having window-like cutaway portions (6c).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Biegedorn für eine Biegevorrichtung für Rohre, bestehend aus einem starren Kopf und einem daran mit nur einem Ende befestigten Paket von übereinander geschichteten, flexiblen Lamellen, das senkrecht zur Lamellenebene unter Gleiten der Lamellen aufeinander biegsam ist.The invention relates to a mandrel for a Bending device for pipes, consisting of a rigid Head and a package attached to it with only one end of layered, flexible slats, the perpendicular to the slat plane while sliding the slats is flexible to each other.

Solche Biegedorne werden in Biegevorrichtungen für Rohre eingesetzt, um beim Biegevorgang das Rohr von innen abzustützen. Durch diese Abstützung soll einem Einknicken des Rohres, einer Wellenbildung am inneren Biegebogen, Abplattungen am Außenbogen, einer Ovalverformung des Querschnittes und einer Rückfederung des Rohres nach dem Biegevorgang entgegengewirkt werden. Die Gefahr, daß es zu den vorgenannten Effekten bei nicht eingesetztem Biegedorn kommt, ist vor allem bei Rohren groß, die ein großes Verhältnis von Außendurchmesser zur Wandstärke haben und mit einem vergleichsweise kleinen Radius, z.B. in der Größenordnung des Rohrdurchmessers, gebogen werden sollen. Typische Wandstärken solcher Rohre liegen z.B. bei 1,5 mm bei einem Rohrdurchmesser von 150 mm.Such mandrels are used in pipe bending devices used to inside the tube during the bending process support. This support is designed to buckle the tube, a wave formation on the inner bending bend, Flattening on the outer arch, an oval deformation of the Cross-section and a springback of the tube after Bending process can be counteracted. The danger of it to the aforementioned effects when not used Bending mandrel comes in, especially with pipes that are large large ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness have and with a comparatively small radius, e.g. in the order of the pipe diameter should. Typical wall thicknesses of such pipes are e.g. at 1.5 mm with a pipe diameter of 150 mm.

Zum Stand der Technik gehören verschiedenartige Biegedorne, mit denen nicht alle vorgenannten Nachteile vermieden werden können.Various types of technology belong to the prior art Bending mandrels with which not all of the above disadvantages can be avoided.

Bei einem als Gliederdorn ausgebildeten Biegedorn (DE 197 07 228 A1) sind an einem starren Kopf mehrere massive Glieder in Reihe angeordnet und gelenkig miteinander verbunden. Die Gelenke werden gebildet von aufeinander gleitenden Gliederflächen, von denen die Gliederfläche des einen Gliedes konvex und die Gliederfläche des anderen Gliedes konkav ausgebildet ist. Mit einem solchen Biegedorn wird zwar wegen der massiven Ausbildung der Glieder im Bereich eines jeden Gliedes der kreisförmige Querschnitt des an ihm abgestützten Rohres während des Biegevorgangs erhalten, jedoch nicht auf der gesamten axialen Länge des Bogens. Dies liegt daran, daß das Rohr wegen der konvexen (kugeligen) Form der Glieder nur an axial versetzten schmalen Ringzonen abgestützt wird. In den nicht abgestützten Bereichen kann sich das Rohr also unerwünscht verformen, seien es Abplattungen, seien es Falten.In the case of a bending mandrel designed as a sectional mandrel (DE 197 07 228 A1) are several on a rigid head massive links arranged in a row and articulated connected with each other. The joints are formed by articulated sliding surfaces, of which the Link surface of one link convex and Link surface of the other link is concave. With such a mandrel, it is true because of the massive Training the limbs in the area of each limb circular cross section of the pipe supported on it preserved during the bending process, but not on the total axial length of the arc. This is because the tube because of the convex (spherical) shape of the links supported only on axially offset narrow ring zones becomes. This can happen in the unsupported areas Unwanted deformation of the pipe, be it flattening, be it wrinkles.

Diese nicht erwünschte Verformung des Rohres beim Biegen soll durch einen anderer, bekannten massiven Innendorn (EP 0 856 367 A2) vermieden werden. In diesem Fall besteht der Biegedorn aus Kunststoff (Polyurethan)und ist massiv ausgebildet. Der Kachteil eines solchen Biegedorns besteht zum einen darin, daß die Biegefähigkeit eines massiven Biegedorns nicht ausreicht, um Rohre mit kleinen Biegeradien zu biegen, und zum anderen darin, daß ein Kompromiß zwischen der Biegefähigkeit des Biegedorns und der Formstabilität für die Abstützung gemacht werden muß. Soll eine hohe Formstabilität gewährleistet sein, muß man große Biegekräfte aufbringen. Je größer der Rohrdurchmesser ist, desto größer muß dann die Biegekraft sein. Es versteht sich, daß aus diesem Grunde dem Einsatz eines solchen Dorns für Rohre mit großem Durchmesser schnell Grenzen gesetzt sind. This undesirable deformation of the tube when bending is supposed to be through another known solid mandrel (EP 0 856 367 A2) can be avoided. In this case the mandrel is made of plastic (polyurethane) and is massively trained. The cache part of such a mandrel consists on the one hand in that the bending ability of a massive mandrel is not sufficient to pipe with small To bend radii, and secondly in that a Compromise between the bending ability of the mandrel and the dimensional stability for the support must be made. If high dimensional stability is to be guaranteed, one must apply large bending forces. The bigger the Pipe diameter, the greater the bending force his. It is understood that for this reason use of such a mandrel for large diameter pipes limits are quickly set.

Schließlich ist ein Biegedorn der eingangs genannten Art bekannt (JP 619 8349), bei dem zwischen äußeren, an der Rohrinnenseite anliegenden Platten aus Federstahl ein Paket bildende übereinandergeschichtete flexible Lamellen aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind. Da die einzelnen Lamellen aufeinander gleiten können, ist die für den Biegevorgang aufzuwendende Biegekraft im Vergleich zu dem anderen Biegedorn aus massivem Kunststoffmaterial kleiner. Dennoch ist die aufzuwendende Biegekraft unerwünscht hoch, insbesondere wenn Rohre mit großem Querschnitt und kleinem Biegeradius gebogen werden sollen.Finally, there is a mandrel of the type mentioned at the beginning known (JP 619 8349), in which between outer, on the Plates made of spring steel on the inside of the pipe Stacked flexible slats forming a package are arranged from plastic. Because the individual slats Being able to slide on top of each other is the one for the bending process bending force to be used compared to the other Bending mandrel made of solid plastic material smaller. Nevertheless, the bending force to be used is undesirable high, especially when pipes with large cross section and small bending radius should be bent.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Biegedorn zu schaffen, bei dessen Einsatz das Rohr ohne allzu große Biegekraft ohne Abplattungen oder andere unerwünschte Verformungen gebogen wird.Based on this state of the art Invention based on the task of a mandrel create when using the pipe without too big Bending force without flattening or other undesirable Deformations is bent.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Biegedorn der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die aus Blech bestehenden Lamellen bis auf die im Paket außen liegenden Lamellen jeweils einen mittigen, sich in Längsrichtung des Paketes erstreckenden, fensterartigen Ausschnitt aufweisen, derart, daß die Lamellen unter Bildung eines Hohlkörpers sich mit ihren schmalen Randbereichen teilweise überdecken.This object is achieved with a mandrel of the type mentioned in that the out Sheet metal existing slats except for those in the package outside lying slats each a central, in Window-like extending longitudinal direction of the package Have cutout such that the slats under Forming a hollow body with its narrow Partially cover edge areas.

Obgleich der erfindungsgemäße Biegedorn aus Lamellen besteht, ist er wegen des dafür gewählten Werkstoffes "Blech" formstabil und läßt sich verhältnismäßig leicht biegen, weil die mittigen Lamellen sich nicht über den gesamten Querschnitt erstrecken. Although the bending mandrel according to the invention made of lamellae exists, it is because of the material chosen for it "Sheet" is dimensionally stable and can be relatively easily bend because the central slats do not overlap extend the entire cross-section.

Vorzugsweise wird für das Blech der Lamellen ein verschleißfester Werkstoff mit einem hohen E-Modul, einer hohen Festigkeit und einem kleinen Reibbeiwert gegenüber dem Rohrwerkstoff ausgewählt. Dafür eignen sich Bronze, vor allem aber Stahl, insbesondere Federstahl.Preferably, a for the sheet of lamellae wear-resistant material with a high modulus of elasticity, one high strength and a low coefficient of friction the pipe material selected. Bronze is suitable for this, but above all steel, especially spring steel.

Der Biegedorn kann in verschiedener Weise ausgestaltet sein.The bending mandrel can be designed in various ways his.

Nach einer ersten Ausgestaltung sind die Ausschnitte in den ausgeschnittenen Lamellen an deren nicht befestigten Enden offen. Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung sind sie an den nicht befestigten Enden geschlossen. Das geschlossene Ende kann vorteilhaft für die Abstützung des in der Praxis möglicherweise besonders stark belasteten Endes sein.According to a first embodiment, the cutouts are in the cut slats on their not attached Ends open. According to an alternative embodiment they closed at the unattached ends. The closed end can be advantageous for supporting the may be particularly heavily loaded in practice Be the end.

Die für das Biegen erforderliche Biegekraft kann weiter dadurch verringert werden, daß mindestens einige Lamellen an ihrer dem inneren Biegebogen zugewandten Seite quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung verlaufende Kerben aufweisen. Auch kann die Biegekraft dadurch vermindert werden, daß zwischen den einzelnen aufeinander gleitenden Lamellen ein Gleitmittel vorgesehen ist.The bending force required for bending can continue can be reduced by the fact that at least some slats on its side facing the inner bending arc transversely to have notches running in their longitudinal direction. Also the bending force can be reduced in that between the individual slats sliding on each other a lubricant is provided.

Um das Einführen des Biegedorns in ein Rohr zu erleichtern, kann das freie Ende des Paketes kugelartig abgerundet, schräg angeschnitten oder spitz zulaufend sein.To insert the mandrel into a pipe the free end of the package can be spherical rounded, cut at an angle or tapering to a point his.

Da der Biegedorn mit seinem Kopf in das Rohr eingeführt werden muß, muß er dem Querschnitt des Rohres angepaßt sein. Um gleichwohl die Lamellen möglichst einfach am Kopf befestigen zu können, kann er an seiner dem Paket zugewandten Seite gabelförmig oder kammartig ausgebildet sein, wobei ein Teil der Lamellen zwischen den Gabelästen bzw. den Kammzähnen befestigt ist und die übrigen Lamellen an den befestigten Lamellen befestigt sind.Because the mandrel inserted the head into the pipe must be adapted to the cross section of the pipe his. In order to make the slats as simple as possible To be able to attach the head to the package facing side is fork-shaped or comb-like be, with part of the slats between the fork branches or the comb teeth is attached and the rest Slats are attached to the attached slats.

Da sich die Lamellen beim Biegevorgang gegeneinander mit der Folge verschieben, daß die am Außenbogen liegende Lamelle gegenüber der am Innenbogen liegenden Lamelle bezogen auf die zur Rohrachse senkrechte Ebene zurückbleibt, würde die Abstützung in diesem Bereich verloren gehen, wenn nicht nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen wäre, daß die Lamellen eine abgestuft unterschiedliche Länge haben, derart, daß die Lamellen auf der Seite mit dem großen Biegebogen die größte Länge und die Lamelle auf der Seite mit dem kleinen Biegebogen die kleinste Länge hat.Since the lamellae are in contact with each other during the bending process move that the one on the outer arch Slat opposite the slat on the inner arch referred to the plane perpendicular to the pipe axis would remain the support in this area get lost if not after another Embodiment of the invention would be provided that the Slats have a different length, such that the slats on the side with the big one Bend the greatest length and the slat on the side has the smallest length with the small bending curve.

Um ein Aufspreizen der federelastischen Lamellen zu vermeiden, ist nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Lamellen an ihren freien Enden durch eine an den äußeren Lamellen angeschlagene Feder zusammengehalten werden.To spread the elastic slats Avoid, is the Invention provided that the slats at their free Ends by a struck on the outer slats Spring are held together.

Üblicherweise erfolgt das Rohrbiegen in einer Biegevorrichtung mit einem Biegedorn derart, daß das Biegen abschnittsweise erfolgt, wobei der Biegedorn dann entsprechend axial umpositioniert werden muß. Die Erfindung erlaubt dagegen ein Biegen in einem Zuge, d.h. ohne Umpositionieren des Biegedorns. Dementsprechend betrifft die Erfindung weiter ein Verfahren zum Biegen eines Rohres unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Biegedorns in einer Biegevorrichtung mit einer feststehenden Aufnahme für das Rohr mit eingeführtem Biegedorn, einem auf der Seite des kleinen Biegebogens feststehend angeordneten Stützkörper und einem um die Mitte des Biegebogens schwenkbaren Führungsstück für das Rohr. Ein solches Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr und der verwendete Biegedorn, der sich über die gesamte Länge des Biegebogens erstreckt, während des gesamten Biegevorgangs axial fixiert ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist möglich geworden, weil wegen der besonderen Ausgestaltung des Biegedorns die erforderlichen Biegekräfte relativ klein sind, so daß die aufzuwendenden Biegekräfte auch trotz der größeren axialen Länge, über die die Lamellen aufeinander während des Biegevorgangs gleiten, nicht unbeherrschbar groß werden.Pipe bending is usually done in one Bending device with a mandrel such that the Bending takes place in sections, the mandrel then must be repositioned accordingly axially. The In contrast, the invention allows bending in one go, i.e. without repositioning the mandrel. Accordingly The invention further relates to a method for bending a tube using an inventive Bending mandrel in a bending device with a fixed receptacle for the tube with inserted Bending mandrel, one on the side of the small bending sheet stationary support body and one around the Center piece for the Pipe. According to the invention, such a method is thereby characterized that the pipe and the one used Bending mandrel that extends over the entire length of the Bending arc extends throughout the entire bending process is axially fixed. The method according to the invention is became possible because of the special design of the mandrel, the required bending forces relative are small, so that the bending forces to be applied also despite the greater axial length over which the fins do not slide on each other during the bending process grow uncontrollably large.

Wird, wie bei diesem Verfahren das Rohr beim Biegevorgang axial fixiert gehalten, dann wandert beim Biegevorgang der biegewirksame Bereich um die Mitte des Biegebogens. Entsprechend lang muß deshalb der flexible Biegedorn ausgelegt sein. Mit einem kürzeren Biegedorn kommt ein alternatives Verfahren der Erfindung aus. Bei diesem Verfahren kommt eine Biegevorrichtung mit einer feststehenden Aufnahme für das Rohr mit eingeführtem Biegedorn, einem auf der Seite des kleinen Biegebogens angeordneten, insbesondere um die Mitte des Biegebogens drehbeweglichen Stützkörper und einem um dieselbe Mitte des Biegebogens schwenkbaren Führungsstück für das Rohr zur Anwendung. Ein solches Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr und der verwendete Biegedorn, der sich mit seinem biegsamen Teil mindestens über den biegewirksamen Bereich des Biegebogens erstreckt, während des gesamten Biegevorgangs derart axial frei beweglich oder gesteuert geführt werden, daß der biegsame Teil des Biegedorns im biegewirksamen Bereich des Biegebogens verbleibt. As with this method, the tube is used during the bending process held axially fixed, then migrates during the bending process the bending area around the middle of the bending sheet. The flexible mandrel must therefore be correspondingly long be designed. With a shorter mandrel comes in alternative method of the invention. With this A bending device comes with a method fixed receptacle for the tube with inserted Bending mandrel, one on the side of the small bending sheet arranged, especially around the middle of the bending sheet rotatable support body and one around the same center of the bending arc swiveling guide piece for the pipe to use. Such a method is in accordance with the invention characterized in that the tube and the used Bending mandrel that at least with its flexible part over the bending area of the bending sheet extends during the entire bending process axially freely movable or controlled that the flexible part of the mandrel in the bending effective The area of the bending sheet remains.

Bei diesem Verfahren kann das Rohr gesteuert oder frei beweglich entsprechend seinen verschiedenen Bahngeschwindigkeiten am Innenbogen und am Außenbogen den Bahngeschwindigkeiten des auf das Rohr einwirkenden Vorrichtungsteiles im Sinne einer möglichst kleinen Relativbewegung angepaßt werden. Durch die axiale Bewegung des Rohres läßt sich der biegewirksame Bereich räumlich fixieren, so daß man mit einem sich nur über eine kleine Länge des Biegebogens erstreckenden flexiblen Biegedorn auskommt.With this method, the pipe can be controlled or free movable according to its different Path speeds on the inner curve and the outer curve Path velocities of the one acting on the pipe Part of the device in the sense of the smallest possible Relative movement can be adjusted. By the axial Movement of the tube allows the bending area fixate spatially, so that one can only get over a small length of the flexure extending flexible Bending mandrel gets along.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Biegevorrichtung mit zum Biegen eingeführtem Rohr und eingestecktem Biegedorn unmittelbar vor dem Biegevorgang im Halbschnitt und isometrischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
die Biegevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 am Ende des Biegevorgangs in Seitenansicht und im Halbschnitt,
Fig. 3
einen Biegedorn in isometrischer Darstellung und im axialen Halbschnitt in der Biegeebene,
Fig. 4
die obere Hälfte eines Lamellenpaketes des Biegedorns gemäß Fig. 3 in isometrischer Darstellung,
Fig. 5
die untere Hälfte des Lamellenpaketes des Biegedorns gemäß Fig. 3 in isometrischer Darstellung,
Fig. 6
eine Lamelle des Biegedorns gemäß Fig. 3 in Ausschnitt und in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 7
eine Biegevorrichtung mit zum Biegen eingeführtem Rohr und eingestecktem Biegedorn unmittelbar vor dem Biegevorgang im Halbschnitt und isometrischer Darstellung in einer zu Fig. 1 alternativen Ausführung
und
Fig. 8
die Biegevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 7 am Ende des Biegevorgangs in Seitenansicht und im Halbschnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which represents an exemplary embodiment. In detail show:
Fig. 1
a bending device with a tube inserted for bending and inserted bending mandrel immediately before the bending process in half section and isometric view,
Fig. 2
1 at the end of the bending process in side view and in half section,
Fig. 3
a mandrel in isometric representation and in axial half-section in the bending plane,
Fig. 4
the upper half of a plate pack of the mandrel according to FIG. 3 in an isometric view,
Fig. 5
the lower half of the plate pack of the bending mandrel according to FIG. 3 in an isometric view,
Fig. 6
3 in detail and in side view,
Fig. 7
a bending device with inserted tube and inserted mandrel immediately before the bending process in half section and isometric view in an alternative to Fig. 1 embodiment
and
Fig. 8
7 at the end of the bending process in side view and in half section.

Die Biegevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 besteht aus einer feststehenden Aufnahme 1, einem auf der Seite des kleinen Biegebogens feststehend angeordneten Stützkörper 2 und einem um die Mitte A des Stützkörpers 2 verschwenkbaren Führungsstück 3. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausgangsstellung für den Biegevorgang befindet sich ein zu biegendes Rohr 4 in der Aufnahme 1 und erstreckt sich über das Führungsstück 3 hinaus. In dem Rohr 4 ist ein Biegedorn eingesetzt.The bending device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a fixed shot 1, one on the side of the small one Bending arc fixed support body 2 and one pivotable about the center A of the support body 2 Guide piece 3. In the shown in Fig. 1 The starting position for the bending process is a pipe 4 to be bent in the receptacle 1 and extends beyond the guide piece 3. In the tube 4 is a Bending mandrel inserted.

Wie die Fig. 3 bis 6 zeigen, besteht der Biegedorn aus einem starren Kopf 5 und einem daran befestigten Paket 6 von aufeinander geschichteten Lamellen 6a,6b. Zur Befestigung des Paketes 6 am Kopf 5 weist der Kopf 5 zwei Gabeläste 7,8 auf. Zwischen diesen Gabelästen 7,8 sind die Lamellen 6a mit Ausnahme der jeweils äußeren, etwas verkürzten Lamellen 6b mit Schraubenbolzen befestigt. Die Befestigung der äußeren Lamellen 6b erfolgt mittels Schraubenbolzen an den anderen Lamellen 6a. Die Lamellen 6a mit Ausnahme der äußeren Lamellen 6b weisen fensterartige Aussparungen 6c auf, die zum freien Ende des Paktes 6 offen sind. Der einfacheren Darstellung wegen ist dies nur in den Fig. 3 und 5 gezeigt. Die äußeren Lamellen 6b sind vollflächig ausgebildet, so daß die aufeinander geschichteten Lamellen 6a,6b einen Hohlkörper bilden, bei dem die einzelnen Lamellen 6a,6b einander überdecken und sich aufeinander abstützen. Im Bereich der Aussparungen 6c können die Lamellen 6a,6b quer zur Biegeebene verlaufende Rillen 6d aufweisen. Die Aussparungen 6c und die Rillen 6d begünstigen die Biegsamkeit des Paketes 6. Der Fig. 3 ist weiter zu entnehmen, daß die Lamellen 6a,6b an ihrem freien Ende durch eine Zugfeder 9 zusammengehalten werden. Ferner ist dieser Fig. zu entnehmen, daß die Lamellen 6a,6b eine unterschiedliche Länge haben. Die in der Zeichnung unten dargestellten Lamellen, die an der Seite des kleinen Biegebogens liegen, haben die kurzeste Länge, während die Lamellen, die an der gegenüberliegenden Seite, also an der Seite des großen Biegebogens liegen eine größere Länge haben. Mit dieser unterschiedlichen Länge wird erreicht, daß im gebogenen Zustand die Enden im wesentlichen in einer Radialebene der Schwenkachse liegen. Dies ist für die Stutzwirkung vorteilhaft, weil bei gleich langen Lamellen sich eine axiale Versetzung der Enden zueinander ergibt und damit die Abstützung teilweise verloren geht, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist.As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the mandrel consists of a rigid head 5 and a package 6 attached to it of stacked slats 6a, 6b. to Attaching the package 6 to the head 5, the head 5 has two Fork branches 7,8. There are 7,8 between these fork branches the slats 6a, with the exception of the outer, somewhat shortened slats 6b fastened with bolts. The The outer slats 6b are fastened by means of Bolts on the other fins 6a. The slats 6a with the exception of the outer slats 6b window-like recesses 6c to the free end of Pact 6 are open. The simpler representation because of this this is only shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. The outer slats 6b are formed over the entire surface, so that the stacked slats 6a, 6b one Form hollow body in which the individual lamellae 6a, 6b cover each other and support each other. in the The area of the cutouts 6c can be the lamellae 6a, 6b Have grooves 6d running transversely to the bending plane. The Recesses 6c and the grooves 6d favor the Flexibility of the package 6. The Fig. 3 is further closed remove that the slats 6a, 6b at their free end are held together by a tension spring 9. Furthermore is this Fig. That the slats 6a, 6b a have different lengths. The one in the drawing below illustrated slats on the side of the small Bends are the shortest length, while the Slats on the opposite side, i.e. on there is a larger one on the side of the large bending sheet Have length. With this different length achieved that in the bent state the ends in essentially in a radial plane of the pivot axis lie. This is advantageous for the pruning effect because with slats of the same length there is an axial offset the ends to each other and thus the support is partially lost, as shown in Fig. 2.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 7 und 8 unterscheidet sich von dem der Fig. 1 und 2 darin, daß der Stützkörper 2' um die Mitte A des Biegebogens drehbar ist, das Rohr 4' nicht axial fixiert ist, sondern nachgeschoben wird und der flexible Teil 6' des Biegedorn 5',6'eine vergleichsweise kurze Länge hat. The embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 differs differs from that of FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the support body 2 'about the center A of the bending arc, the tube 4 'is not axially fixed, but is pushed forward and the flexible part 6 'of the mandrel 5', 6'one has a comparatively short length.

Für ein erstes Biegeverfahren gemäß der Erfindung wird das Rohr 4 axial fixiert gehalten. Der Stützkörper 2 ist drehfest. Der Biegedorn 5,6 ist ebenfalls axial fixiert und sein flexibles Paket 6 hat eine Länge, die sich über die gesamte Länge des zu biegenden Bogens des Rohres 4 erstreckt, wie in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt ist. Eine solche Konfiguration ermöglicht es, daß beim Biegevorgang der Biegedorn 5,6 nicht entsprechend dem Biegefortschritt nachgesetzt werden muß. Deshalb läßt sich das Verfahren einfach und schnell durchführen und führt auch nicht zu einer Innenbeschädigung des Rohres 4, was bei Verfahren, die ein Umsetzen des Biegedorns erforderlich machen, passieren kann.For a first bending method according to the invention the tube 4 is held axially fixed. The support body 2 is rotation. The bending mandrel 5,6 is also fixed axially and its flexible package 6 has a length that spans the entire length of the bend of the tube 4 extends as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A such configuration enables that during the bending process the mandrel 5.6 does not match the bending progress must be adjusted. Therefore, the procedure can be easy and quick to perform and does not lead to internal damage to the tube 4, which is which make it necessary to move the mandrel can happen.

Bei einem zweiten Biegeverfahren gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Vorrichtung entsprechend den Fig. 7 und 8 ist dagegen ein Umsetzen des Biegedorns 5,6 gegenüber dem Rohr 4 entsprechend dem Biegefortschritt erforderlich. Dafür wird er mit seinem flexiblen Paket 6' im biegewirksamen Bereich der Vorrichtung gehalten, das heißt im Anfangsabschnitt des Biegebogens. Das Rohr 4' muß deshalb entsprechend dem Biegefortschritt nachgeschoben werden. Dieses Nachschieben wird erleichtert durch den mitwandernden Stützkörper 2'. Der Vorteil dieses Verfahrens besteht vor allem darin, daß wegen der kurzen Länge des flexiblen Paketes 6' des Biegedorns 5' die aufzuwendende Biegekraft klein ist und die unerwünschte Relativbewegung zwischen Rohrinnenwand und Biegedorn auf den kurzen biegewirksamen Bereich beschränkt ist.In a second bending process according to the invention with a device corresponding to FIGS. 7 and 8 on the other hand, moving the mandrel 5,6 compared to the Pipe 4 required according to the bending progress. For this he is with his flexible package 6 'in bendable area of the device held, the is called in the beginning section of the bending sheet. The pipe 4 ' must therefore according to the bending progress be pushed. This pushing will facilitated by the accompanying support body 2 '. The The main advantage of this method is that because of the short length of the flexible package 6 'of Bending mandrel 5 'the bending force to be applied is small and the unwanted relative movement between the inner pipe wall and mandrel on the short bending area is limited.

Claims (12)

  1. A bending mandrel for a bending device for pipes, comprising a rigid head (5, 5') and, attached thereto by only one end, an assembly (6, 6') of flexible lamellae (6a, 6b) which are layered one above the other and can be bent towards one another perpendicularly of the plane of the lamellae, accompanied by the sliding of the lamellae (6a, 6b),
    characterised in that except for the lamellae (6b) disposed on the outside in the assembly (6), each of the sheet metal lamellae (6a, 6b) has a central window-like cutaway portion (6c) which so extends longitudinally of the assembly (6, 6') that the lamellae (6a, 6b) partially register via their narrow edge zones, forming a hollow member.
  2. A bending mandrel according to claim 1,
    characterised in that the sheet metal of the lamellae (6a, 6b) consists of a wear-resistant material having a high modulus of elasticity, a high strength and a low coefficient of friction in relation to the pipe material, such as steel, more particularly spring steel, or bronze.
  3. A bending mandrel according to claims 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the cutaway portion (6c) in the cutaway lamellae (6b) are open at their unattached ends.
  4. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that the cutaway portion (6c) in the cutaway lamellae (6b) are closed at their unattached ends.
  5. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that at least some lamellae (6a, 6b) have on their side adjacent the inner bending arc notches (6d) extending transversely of their longitudinal direction.
  6. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that a sliding means is provided between the individual lamellae (6a, 6b) sliding on one another.
  7. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that the free end of the assembly (6) is rounded off spherically, chamfered at an inclination or converges to a point.
  8. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterised in that on its side adjacent the assembly (6) the head (5) is constructed fork-shaped or comb-like, and a proportion of the lamellae (6a) is attached between the tines (7, 8) of the fork or the teeth of the comb, the remaining lamellae (6b) being attached to the attached lamellae (6a).
  9. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that the lamellae (6a, 6b) have a stepped differential length such that the lamella (6b) on the side with the major bending arc has the greatest length, the lamella on the side with the minor bending arc having the shortest length.
  10. A bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that at their free ends the lamellae (6a, 6b) are held together by a spring (9) attached to the outer lamellae (6b).
  11. A method of bending a pipe, using a bending mandrel according to one of claims 1 to 10, in a bending device having a fixed holder (1) for the pipe (4) with the bending mandrel (5, 6) introduced, a supporting member (2) disposed fixed on the side of the minor bending arc, and a guide member (3) for the pipe (4) which can pivot around the centre (A) of the bending arc,
    characterised in that the pipe (4) and the bending mandrel (5, 6) used, which extends over the entire length of the bending arc, are axially fixed during the entire bending operation.
  12. A method of bending a pipe (4'), using a bending mandrel (5'6') according to one of claims 1 to 10, in a bending device having a fixed holder (1') for the pipe (4') with the bending mandrel (5', 6') introduced, a supporting member (2') disposed on the side of the minor bending arc, and rotatable around the centre (A) of the bending arc, and a guide member (3') for the pipe (4') which can pivot around said centre (A),
    characterised in that the pipe (4') and the bending mandrel (5', 6') used, which extends with its bendable assembly (6') at least over the effective bending zone of the bending arc, are so guided axially freely movable or controlled during the entire bending operation that the bendable assembly (6') of the bending mandrel (5', 6') remains in the effective bending zone.
EP00943718A 1999-06-09 2000-05-16 Bending block for a bending device and bending method for tubes Expired - Lifetime EP1183114B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19926330A DE19926330C2 (en) 1999-06-09 1999-06-09 Bending mandrel for a bending device and bending method for pipes
DE19926330 1999-06-09
PCT/EP2000/004361 WO2000076683A1 (en) 1999-06-09 2000-05-16 Bending block for a bending device and bending method for tubes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1183114A1 EP1183114A1 (en) 2002-03-06
EP1183114B1 true EP1183114B1 (en) 2003-01-15

Family

ID=7910697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00943718A Expired - Lifetime EP1183114B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2000-05-16 Bending block for a bending device and bending method for tubes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6658912B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1183114B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE231038T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19926330C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2189761T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2000076683A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011000845B4 (en) 2011-02-21 2014-09-18 Ffg Werke Gmbh Method for bending and axial upsetting of a pipe and device for this purpose
NL2008020C2 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-26 Gte B V METHOD FOR FORMING A TUBULAR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT.

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US304639A (en) * 1884-09-02 Chaeles feedeeick geimmett and joseph cook
US1654697A (en) * 1925-10-17 1928-01-03 Adolph Mueller Pipe-bending mandrel
DE2624625A1 (en) * 1976-06-02 1977-12-15 Hoechst Ag Tool layout for forming pipe elbows of thermoplastics - includes mandrel formed by thin metal or plastics blades
NL7700383A (en) 1976-01-20 1977-07-22 Hoechst Ag PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURE OF CURVED PIECES OF TUBE FROM THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC AND DEVICE FOR THIS PROCESS.
CH604946A5 (en) * 1976-07-30 1978-09-15 Castelli Sas Anonima Insert for metal tube cold bending
DE8219048U1 (en) * 1982-07-03 1982-11-18 Ludwig Lang Kg Maschinenbau, 6120 Michelstadt DEVICE FOR BENDING THIN-WALLED PIPES, IN PARTICULAR MANO METER SPRINGS
GB2148758B (en) * 1983-11-02 1987-04-29 Norcros Investments Ltd Bending mandrel
DD243441A1 (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-03-04 Tech Hochschule METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BENDING HOLLOW PROFILES, PREFERABLY MANOMETER SPRINGS
JPH06198349A (en) * 1993-01-06 1994-07-19 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd Device and method for bending hollow material
EP0856367A3 (en) * 1997-01-31 2001-01-31 Aluminum Company Of America Stretch forming metal bodies with polymeric internal mandrels
US5735160A (en) 1997-04-15 1998-04-07 Aluminum Company Of America Stretch forming metal bodies with polymeric internal mandrels
DE19707228A1 (en) * 1997-02-24 1998-08-27 Rudi Maas Mandrel for manual, semi- or fully-automatic pipe bender

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6658912B1 (en) 2003-12-09
DE19926330C2 (en) 2001-08-09
WO2000076683A1 (en) 2000-12-21
ATE231038T1 (en) 2003-02-15
EP1183114A1 (en) 2002-03-06
DE19926330A1 (en) 2000-12-21
ES2189761T3 (en) 2003-07-16
DE50001106D1 (en) 2003-02-20

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