EP1167179B1 - Container ship whose hull comprises several hull members - Google Patents

Container ship whose hull comprises several hull members Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1167179B1
EP1167179B1 EP01401638A EP01401638A EP1167179B1 EP 1167179 B1 EP1167179 B1 EP 1167179B1 EP 01401638 A EP01401638 A EP 01401638A EP 01401638 A EP01401638 A EP 01401638A EP 1167179 B1 EP1167179 B1 EP 1167179B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hull
ship
elements
hull elements
minimum
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01401638A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1167179A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Fioleau
Jean Yves Le Lan
Christian Fournier
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DCN SA
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/002—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods
    • B63B25/004—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
    • B63B2001/145—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/002—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for inland waters, e.g. for use on canals or rivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a container ship for ensuring the container transport via rivers and canals in particular.
  • the invention relates to a range of small and medium ships to transport goods from small ports to small ones ports by means of containers.
  • This range is notably composed of ships allowing to transport a maximum number of containers equal to two, four, ten, twenty, thirty, fifty, or a hundred.
  • a main feature of the ship is to offer the possibility of loading or / and unload containers in a port not equipped with handling means and having a shallow water depth, less than 4 meters.
  • the transport of goods constitutes one of the major cogs of our market economy.
  • the purpose is the handling by road transporters of the containers from these ports for local distribution, in order to optimize land distances Delivery.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to place at the service of road carrier mobile infrastructure "maritime-river highway" complementary to that which it has on the road network.
  • a second objective is to strengthen the responsiveness of maritime-road transport by transporting small quantities with high frequencies.
  • a third objective is to provide a river-maritime service with a significant maneuvering autonomy and an optimized quay to quay journey. This goal involves being able to carry a large payload relative to the displacement of the ship.
  • a fourth objective is to ensure transport under conditions of service and costs per kilometer comparable to those of the road.
  • barges suitable for transporting containers on rivers and on canals especially for those whose width is greater than 11.4m.
  • the existing barges allow only one layer of containers to be transported due to stability, draft and air stresses.
  • container handling means when it is provided with container handling means, it allows multimodal transport, i.e. at sea and on rivers or canals from river ports, without prior investment in port cranes or wharves very long,
  • a container ship comprises a hull and propulsion means, this hull comprising at least three hull elements (3,4,31,41,32; 42) of which at least two shell elements have at least a wedge (6) capable of receiving a container (7) and it comprises means (10, 11) able to modify the spacing between at least two of said shell elements (3,4,31,41,32; 42), wherein said at least three shell elements are arranged in at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) arranged longitudinally along an axis XX 'and at least one of which comprises at least two shell elements, and in that the shell elements, of or groups comprising at least two, are arranged on either side of said longitudinal axis XX '.
  • it comprises at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) each composed of at least two shell elements and arranged longitudinally along an axis XX ', at least two of said shell elements of a same group being placed on either side of said longitudinal axis.
  • the container ship has n elements of shell, n being an integer greater than or equal to two and is characterized in that that 2i shell elements, i being an integer between 1 and n / 2, comprise at least one wedge capable of receiving a container and in that said 2i shell elements are arranged along a longitudinal axis, the axis of said elements shell being parallel to said longitudinal axis and said shell elements being arranged in groups of two shells, a group in which one of the elements of shell is positioned on one side of said longitudinal axis and the other on the other side, and what it includes for all or part of said groups, means capable of modifying the spacing between said 2 shell elements of the same group.
  • each of the shell elements has a U-shaped cross section.
  • means capable of modifying the spacing between at least two of said shell elements comprises a jack, this jack being able to for example, be associated with a slide, and / or be fixed to both of said two hull elements of the same group, and / or be arranged along an axis not parallel to said longitudinal axis and, preferably, disposed perpendicular to this axis.
  • the means capable of modifying the spacing between at least two of said shell elements are also able to adjust this spacing.
  • the ship includes means able to automate the modification of the spacing between said at least two said shell elements.
  • said means capable of automating the modification of the spacing between at least two of said shell elements include means capable of determining the value of the width between two obstacles located downstream and in the direction of movement of the ship, such as the banks a lock, or the piers of a bridge, and between which the ship must pass, as well as either means for displaying information relating to this value, or alarm means in case of incompatibility between this value and that of the width minimum of the vessel, i.e. means for controlling the modification of the spacing between said at least two of said shell elements.
  • said at least two of said elements of hull include protective means or guiding means on at minus one of their external surfaces.
  • said at least two of said include guide means constituted by rollers or discs intended to cooperate with the wall of a quay or those of a lock so as to prevent any sliding of the shell itself against these walls.
  • the ship has a double hull and the ballasting means consist of boxes arranged between said hulls and supplied or de-supplied with water by pumps.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a ship according to the invention inside a small lock.
  • This lock has two side walls 1 and 2.
  • the ship has a hull composed of hull elements, in this case a first hull element 3 and a second hull element 4, each of them having a double wall, in this case 3 1 , 3 2 and 4 1 , 4 2 .
  • Each of these shell elements 3 and 4 has a shim, respectively 5 and 6 in which containers are positioned 7.
  • the shell elements 3 and 4 are in the joined position, that is to say one against the other.
  • these shell elements comprise means for guiding and protecting the latter which are constituted by rollers 8 arranged vertically and able to rotate around an integral axis 9 of the corresponding shell.
  • These guiding and protective means are positioned beyond the surfaces lateral of the hull and are able to cooperate with a surface external to the ship, such as a shore, a quay or the bajoyers of a lock in order to increase its stability in Gite.
  • Figure 2 show a section of the vessel previously described in a canal or on a river. It includes the elements previously described as well as means capable of modifying the spacing between the two shell elements 3 and 4 which mainly comprises a jack 10 and a slide 11 as well as means for actuator 10.
  • the head of the jack 10 is fixed inside the shell element 3 while the rod is fixed inside the shell element 4.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show three successive diagrams of a ship such as previously described, crossing a narrow lock.
  • the ship has six hull elements 3, 31, 32, 4, 41, 42 arranged by group G1, G2, G3, of two along a longitudinal axis XX '.
  • group G1, G2, G3 are respectively composed of the shell elements 3 and 4, 31 and 41 and 32 and 42.
  • the shell elements 3 and 4 of the first group G1 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the front part of the boat between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock.
  • the shell elements 3 and 4 of the first group G1 as well as those, 31 and 41 of group G2 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the hull elements corresponding between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock.
  • the shell elements 31 and 41 of group G2 as well as those, 32 and 42 of group G3 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the corresponding hull elements between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock.
  • shell elements 3 and 4 of the group G1 are separated to ensure maximum stability of the ship, these elements being out of the passage and therefore no longer between the locks of the lock.
  • obstacle distance measurement means 13 are arranged at the front of each group and on the sides and are connected to a control logic for the jacks 10.
  • Limit switches are positioned on the lateral surfaces shell elements in order to stop any deployment of the jacks, whether controlled or accidental, when these surfaces reach an obstacle.
  • This vessel also comprises and in a known manner ballasting means. They consist of boxes located in the double bottom (between the two walls of each of the shell elements). These boxes are formed by the structure of the ship. There are enough of them to split the setting.
  • the liquid used for ballasting is the surrounding water (sea water or canal water).
  • the water movements are carried out by means of high-flow pumps and pipes fitted with valves.
  • the cases are all equipped with water level sensors. A system of real-time measurement of the fore, aft, middle drafts equips the ship. This system, consisting of 6 water level sensors, a concentration box and repeaters.
  • the hull elements each constituting groups G1, G2 and G3 are in the spread position to ensure maximum stability of the vessel.
  • the spacing between the hull elements of the same group can be set to the maximum width of the channel to ensure maximum stability available from the ship, either automatically with the measurement means obstacle distance 13 and the actuator control logic 10 associated, either in imposing a set value for this spacing.
  • the control unit controls the retraction of the jacks 10 associated with the group shell elements arranged closest to said detected passage, so that when this group begins to enter this passage, the elements of this group are already grouped together.
  • the obstacle distance measuring means 13 of the second group located on the front of this group is then activated and detects said passage. They then order the retraction of the jacks 10 associated with this group, so that when this group begins to enter this passage, the elements that compose it are already grouped together. This is the case for each of the following groups.
  • the control logic controls the deployment of the cylinders of this group up to a value compatible with the width available between the two banks of the channel. If this available width is greater than that of the vessel, the cylinders are fully deployed to provide maximum stability to the vessel.
  • the ship can consist of a barge and only be intended to sail on the rivers and canals, or consist of a river-maritime vessel with or without its own handling equipment.
  • the groups of shell elements could be constituted by hull elements located one behind the other and not side by side.
  • the groups could also have different constitutions.

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  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The container boat has a hull and propulsion system. The hull has three parts (3,4,31,41,32,42). Two hull elements have a hold carrying a container (7) and a mechanism to modify (10) the spacing between the two hull elements. The three hull elements are placed following two groups placed longitudinally along the hull.

Description

L'invention concerne un navire porte-conteneurs permettant d'assurer le transport de conteneurs via notamment des fleuves et des canaux.The invention relates to a container ship for ensuring the container transport via rivers and canals in particular.

Par conteneurs, il faut comprendre non seulement les conteneurs standards mais aussi les unités de transport intermodal, notamment les caisses mobiles et les remorques ainsi que la possibilité de chargement de marchandises en vrac dans les cales.By containers, we must understand not only standard containers but also intermodal transport units, especially swap bodies and trailers as well as the possibility of loading bulk goods in the shims.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne une gamme de petits et moyens navires permettant d'assurer le transport de marchandises de petits ports en petits ports au moyen de conteneurs.More particularly, the invention relates to a range of small and medium ships to transport goods from small ports to small ones ports by means of containers.

Cette gamme est notamment composée de navires permettant de transporter un nombre maximum de conteneurs égal à deux, quatre, dix, vingt, trente, cinquante, ou cent.This range is notably composed of ships allowing to transport a maximum number of containers equal to two, four, ten, twenty, thirty, fifty, or a hundred.

Une caractéristique principale du navire est d'offrir la possibilité de charger ou/et décharger des conteneurs dans un port non équipé de moyens de manutention et ayant une profondeur d'eau faible, inférieure à 4 mètres.A main feature of the ship is to offer the possibility of loading or / and unload containers in a port not equipped with handling means and having a shallow water depth, less than 4 meters.

Le transport de marchandises constitue, un des rouages majeurs de notre économie de marché.The transport of goods constitutes one of the major cogs of our market economy.

La globalisation des échanges internationaux, le développement des politiques de "juste à temps", la demande de réactivité toujours plus forte, tendent à accroítre en permanence les transports terrestres, à développer des infrastructures routières coûteuses et nuisibles à l'environnement.The globalization of international trade, the development of just-in-time policies, the ever-increasing demand for responsiveness, tend to permanently increase land transport, develop infrastructure costly and environmentally harmful.

La gamme de navires selon l'invention est née de cette analyse avec le souci de développer une complémentarité entre le transport routier et le transport maritimo-fluvial.The range of vessels according to the invention was born from this analysis with the concern develop a complementarity between road transport and transport maritime-river.

Il s'agit d'assurer, à partir des ports de premier ou de deuxième rang, des liaisons maritimes pour desservir la multitude de ports d'irrigation, peu ou pas exploités en matière de transport de marchandises. It is a question of ensuring, from the first or second rank ports, maritime links to serve the multitude of irrigation ports, little or not operated in the transportation of goods.

La finalité est la prise en charge par les transporteurs routiers des conteneurs à partir de ces ports pour distribution locale, afin d'optimiser les distances terrestres de livraison.The purpose is the handling by road transporters of the containers from these ports for local distribution, in order to optimize land distances Delivery.

Un des objectifs de la présente invention est de mettre au service du transporteur routier une infrastructure mobile "autoroute maritimo-fluviale" complémentaire à celle dont il dispose sur le réseau routier.One of the objectives of the present invention is to place at the service of road carrier mobile infrastructure "maritime-river highway" complementary to that which it has on the road network.

Un deuxième objectif est de renforcer la réactivité du transport maritimo-routier en acheminant des petites quantités avec des fréquences importantes.A second objective is to strengthen the responsiveness of maritime-road transport by transporting small quantities with high frequencies.

Un troisième objectif est d'assurer un service fluvio-maritime avec une autonomie de manoeuvre importante et un trajet quai à quai optimisé. Cet objectif implique de pouvoir transporter une charge utile importante par rapport au déplacement du navire.A third objective is to provide a river-maritime service with a significant maneuvering autonomy and an optimized quay to quay journey. This goal involves being able to carry a large payload relative to the displacement of the ship.

Un quatrième objectif est d'assurer le transport dans des conditions de service et de coûts au kilomètre comparables à ceux de la route.A fourth objective is to ensure transport under conditions of service and costs per kilometer comparable to those of the road.

Il existe de nombreux navires porte-conteneurs d'une capacité d'emport de conteneurs importante et avec un tirant d'eau élevé, tels que ceux décrits dans Jane's Intermodal Transportation, pages 315, 338 et 341. Parmi ces navires porte-conteneurs de grande capacité, on peut citer l'ALIANCA BRASIL, d'une capacité de 2200 conteneurs, d'une vitesse de 20,4 noeuds, d'une longueur de 200,23 m et d'un tirant d'eau de 12,02 m. Un des plus petits de ces navires porte-conteneurs est le HERA, d'une capacité de 198 conteneurs, d'une vitesse de 12,5 noeuds, d'une longueur de 88 m et d'un tirant d'eau de 4,6 m.There are many container ships with a carrying capacity of large containers and with a high draft, such as those described in Jane's Intermodal Transportation, pages 315, 338 and 341. Among these container ships high capacity, we can cite the ALIANCA BRASIL, with a capacity of 2200 containers, with a speed of 20.4 knots, a length of 200.23 m and a draft of 12.02 m. One of the smallest of these container ships is the HERA, with a capacity of 198 containers, a speed of 12.5 knots, a length of 88 m and a draft of 4.6 m.

Ces porte-conteneurs déchargent généralement dans des terminaux portuaires équipés d'importants moyens de manutention. Les ports pouvant recevoir les porte-conteneurs existants sont peu nombreux et ne permettent pas d'assurer une livraison des marchandises proche de leur lieu d'utilisation.These container ships generally unload in terminals ports equipped with significant handling facilities. Ports that can receive the existing container ships are few and do not provide delivery of goods close to their place of use.

De plus, ils ne peuvent pas remonter la plupart des estuaires et ne peut en aucun cas aller sur les canaux à cause de leur tirant d'eau et leur tirant d'air trop importants. In addition, they cannot go up most of the estuaries and cannot no cases go on the canals because of their draft and their air draft too important.

Il existe des barges aptes à transporter des conteneurs sur les fleuves et sur les canaux, notamment pour ceux dont la largeur est supérieure à 11,4m. En cas de présence d'une écluse étroite, par exemple de 5,7m de large, les barges existantes ne permettent de transporter qu'une seule couche de conteneurs à cause des contraintes de stabilité, de tirant d'eau et de tirant d'air.There are barges suitable for transporting containers on rivers and on canals, especially for those whose width is greater than 11.4m. In case of presence of a narrow lock, for example 5.7m wide, the existing barges allow only one layer of containers to be transported due to stability, draft and air stresses.

Il existe également des navires dont la largeur peut-être modifiée en fonction de l'utilisation, cf. DE-OS-2903815, sur lequel se fonde le préambule de la revendication 1.There are also ships whose width can be changed depending on use, cf. DE-OS-2903815, on which is based on the preamble of claim 1.

Le but dé l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant un navire porte-conteneurs apte à naviguer aussi bien en pleine mer que sur les fleuves ou sur les canaux et présentant tout ou partie des possibilités suivantes :

  • il peut naviguer sur les canaux à grand gabarit et en mer,
  • il optimise la taille critique de la cargaison (aspect économique) et compacité du navire en canal (respect du gabarit),
  • il évite le transbordement des conteneurs sur un navire de haute mer à la fin de la partie fluviale du trajet,
  • il permet un service aussi complet que celui d'un transporteur routier mais utilisant la voie fluvio-maritime.
The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a container ship capable of sailing both on the high seas and on rivers or canals and having all or some of the following possibilities:
  • it can navigate on large canals and at sea,
  • it optimizes the critical size of the cargo (economic aspect) and compactness of the vessel in the canal (compliance with the gauge),
  • it avoids the transshipment of containers on a sea vessel at the end of the river part of the journey,
  • it provides a service as complete as that of a road carrier but using the river-sea route.

En outre, lorsqu'il est pourvu de moyens de manutention des conteneurs, il permet le transport multimodal, c'est-à-dire en mer et sur les fleuves ou canaux à partir de ports fluviaux, sans investissement préalable en grues portuaires ou en quai de grande longueur,In addition, when it is provided with container handling means, it allows multimodal transport, i.e. at sea and on rivers or canals from river ports, without prior investment in port cranes or wharves very long,

Un navire porte-conteneurs selon l'invention comporte une coque et des moyens de propulsion, cette coque comprenant au moins trois éléments de coque (3,4,31,41,32 ;42) dont au moins deux éléments de coques comportent au moins une cale (6) apte à recevoir un conteneur (7) et il comporte des moyens (10, 11) aptes à modifier l'écartement entre au moins deux desdits éléments de coque (3,4,31,41,32 ;42), dans lequel lesdits au moins trois éléments de coques sont disposés selon au moins deux groupes (G1 ; G2 ; G3) disposés longitudinalement selon un axe XX' et dont l'un au moins comporte au moins deux éléments de coque, et en ce que les éléments de coque, du ou des groupes en comportant au moins deux, sont disposés de part et d'autre dudit axe longitudinal XX'.A container ship according to the invention comprises a hull and propulsion means, this hull comprising at least three hull elements (3,4,31,41,32; 42) of which at least two shell elements have at least a wedge (6) capable of receiving a container (7) and it comprises means (10, 11) able to modify the spacing between at least two of said shell elements (3,4,31,41,32; 42), wherein said at least three shell elements are arranged in at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) arranged longitudinally along an axis XX 'and at least one of which comprises at least two shell elements, and in that the shell elements, of or groups comprising at least two, are arranged on either side of said longitudinal axis XX '.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, il comporte au moins deux groupes (G1 ; G2 ; G3) composés chacun d'au moins deux éléments de coque et disposés longitudinalement selon un axe XX', au moins deux desdits éléments de coque d'un même groupe étant placés de part et d'autre dudit axe longitudinal.According to an additional characteristic, it comprises at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) each composed of at least two shell elements and arranged longitudinally along an axis XX ', at least two of said shell elements of a same group being placed on either side of said longitudinal axis.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le navire porte conteneur comporte n éléments de coque, n étant un nombre entier supérieur ou égal à deux et est caractérisé en ce que 2i éléments de coque, i étant un nombre entier compris entre 1 et n/2, comportent au moins une cale apte à recevoir un conteneur et en ce que lesdits 2i éléments de coque sont disposés selon un axe longitudinal, l'axe desdits éléments de coque étant parallèle audit axe longitudinal et lesdits éléments de coque étant disposés par groupe de deux coques, groupe dans lequel l'un des éléments de coque est positionné d'un coté dudit axe longitudinal et l'autre de l'autre côté, et en ce qu'il comporte pour tout ou partie desdits groupes, des moyens aptes à modifier l'écartement entre lesdits 2 éléments de coque d'un même groupe.According to another characteristic, the container ship has n elements of shell, n being an integer greater than or equal to two and is characterized in that that 2i shell elements, i being an integer between 1 and n / 2, comprise at least one wedge capable of receiving a container and in that said 2i shell elements are arranged along a longitudinal axis, the axis of said elements shell being parallel to said longitudinal axis and said shell elements being arranged in groups of two shells, a group in which one of the elements of shell is positioned on one side of said longitudinal axis and the other on the other side, and what it includes for all or part of said groups, means capable of modifying the spacing between said 2 shell elements of the same group.

Selon une autre caractéristique permettant de minimiser la largeur du bateau, chacun des éléments de coque comporte une section transversale en forme de U.According to another characteristic making it possible to minimize the width of the boat, each of the shell elements has a U-shaped cross section.

Selon une autre caractéristique, des moyens aptes à modifier l'écartement entre au moins deux desdits éléments de coque comporte un vérin, ce vérin pouvant par exemple, être associé à une coulisse, et/ou être fixé à l'une et l'autre desdits deux éléments de coque d'un même groupe, et/ou être disposé selon un axe non parallèle audit axe longitudinal et, d'une manière préférentielle, disposé perpendiculairement à cet axe.According to another characteristic, means capable of modifying the spacing between at least two of said shell elements comprises a jack, this jack being able to for example, be associated with a slide, and / or be fixed to both of said two hull elements of the same group, and / or be arranged along an axis not parallel to said longitudinal axis and, preferably, disposed perpendicular to this axis.

Selon une autre caractéristique les moyens aptes à modifier l'écartement entre au moins deux desdits éléments de coque sont aussi aptes à régler cet écartement.According to another characteristic, the means capable of modifying the spacing between at least two of said shell elements are also able to adjust this spacing.

Selon une autre caractéristique additionnelle, le navire comporte des moyens aptes à automatiser la modification de l'écartement entre lesdits au moins deux desdits éléments de coque.According to another additional characteristic, the ship includes means able to automate the modification of the spacing between said at least two said shell elements.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, lesdits moyens aptes à automatiser la modification de l'écartement entre au moins deux desdits éléments de coque comportent des moyens aptes à déterminer la valeur de la largeur entre deux obstacles situés en aval et dans la direction de déplacement du navire, tels les rives d'une écluse, ou les piles d'un pont, et entre lesquels le navire doit passer, ainsi que soit des moyens d'affichage d'une information relative à cette valeur, soit des moyens d'alarme en cas d'incompatibilité entre cette valeur et celle de la largeur minimale du navire, soit des moyens de commande de la modification de l'écartement entre lesdits au moins deux desdits éléments de coque.According to an additional characteristic, said means capable of automating the modification of the spacing between at least two of said shell elements include means capable of determining the value of the width between two obstacles located downstream and in the direction of movement of the ship, such as the banks a lock, or the piers of a bridge, and between which the ship must pass, as well as either means for displaying information relating to this value, or alarm means in case of incompatibility between this value and that of the width minimum of the vessel, i.e. means for controlling the modification of the spacing between said at least two of said shell elements.

Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits au moins deux desdits éléments de coque comportent des moyens de protection ou des moyens de guidage sur au moins l'une de leurs surfaces externes.According to another characteristic, said at least two of said elements of hull include protective means or guiding means on at minus one of their external surfaces.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, lesdits au moins deux desdits comportent des moyens de guidage constitués par des rouleaux ou des disques destinés à coopérer avec la paroi d'un quai ou celles d'une écluse de façon à empêcher tout glissement de la coque elle-même contre ces parois.According to an additional characteristic, said at least two of said include guide means constituted by rollers or discs intended to cooperate with the wall of a quay or those of a lock so as to prevent any sliding of the shell itself against these walls.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, le navire comporte une double coque et les moyens de ballastages sont constitués par des caisses disposées entre lesdites coques et alimentées ou desalimentées en eau par des pompes.According to an additional characteristic, the ship has a double hull and the ballasting means consist of boxes arranged between said hulls and supplied or de-supplied with water by pumps.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaítront dans la description de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention, en regard des figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 présente une coupe d'un navire selon l'invention à l'intérieur d'une écluse de petite dimension.
  • La figure 2 montre une coupe du navire précédemment décrit dans un canal ou sur un fleuve,
  • Les figures 3, 4 et 5 présentent trois schémas successifs d'un navire tel que précédemment décrit, franchissant une écluse étroite.
Other advantages and characteristics of the present invention will appear in the description of several embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures among which:
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a ship according to the invention inside a small lock.
  • Figure 2 shows a section of the ship previously described in a canal or on a river,
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show three successive diagrams of a ship as previously described, crossing a narrow lock.

La figure 1 présente une coupe d'un navire selon l'invention à l'intérieur d'une écluse de petite dimension.Figure 1 shows a section of a ship according to the invention inside a small lock.

Cette écluse comporte deux bajoyers latéraux 1 et 2.This lock has two side walls 1 and 2.

Le navire comporte une coque composée d'éléments de coque, en l'occurrence un premier élément de coque 3 et un second élément de coque 4, chacun d'eux comportant une double paroi, en l'occurrence 31, 32 et 41, 42. Chacun de ces éléments de coques 3 et 4 comporte une cale, respectivement 5 et 6 dans laquelle sont positionnés des conteneurs 7. Les éléments de coques 3 et 4 sont en position jointe, c'est-à-dire l'un contre l'autre. Sur chacune de leurs surfaces latérales externes, respectivement 33, 43, ces éléments de coques comportent des moyens de guidage et de protection de ces dernières qui sont constitués par des rouleaux 8 disposés verticalement et aptes à tourner autour d'un axe 9 solidaire de la coque correspondante.The ship has a hull composed of hull elements, in this case a first hull element 3 and a second hull element 4, each of them having a double wall, in this case 3 1 , 3 2 and 4 1 , 4 2 . Each of these shell elements 3 and 4 has a shim, respectively 5 and 6 in which containers are positioned 7. The shell elements 3 and 4 are in the joined position, that is to say one against the other. On each of their external lateral surfaces, respectively 3 3 , 4 3 , these shell elements comprise means for guiding and protecting the latter which are constituted by rollers 8 arranged vertically and able to rotate around an integral axis 9 of the corresponding shell.

Ces moyens de guidage et de protection sont positionnés au-delà des surfaces latérales de la coque et sont aptes à coopérer avec une surface extérieure au navire, telle une rive, un quai ou les bajoyers d'une écluse afin d'accroítre sa stabilité en gíte.These guiding and protective means are positioned beyond the surfaces lateral of the hull and are able to cooperate with a surface external to the ship, such as a shore, a quay or the bajoyers of a lock in order to increase its stability in Gite.

La figure 2 montrent une coupe du navire précédemment décrit dans un canal ou sur un fleuve. Il comprend les éléments précédemment décrits ainsi que des moyens aptes à modifier l'écartement entre les deux éléments de coque 3 et 4 qui comporte principalement un vérin 10 et un coulisseau 11ainsi que des moyens de commande du vérin 10.Figure 2 show a section of the vessel previously described in a canal or on a river. It includes the elements previously described as well as means capable of modifying the spacing between the two shell elements 3 and 4 which mainly comprises a jack 10 and a slide 11 as well as means for actuator 10.

La tête du vérin 10 est fixée à l'intérieur de l'élément de coque 3 tandis que la tige est fixée à l'intérieur de l'élément de coque 4.The head of the jack 10 is fixed inside the shell element 3 while the rod is fixed inside the shell element 4.

Les figures 3, 4 et 5 présentent trois schémas successifs d'un navire tel que précédemment décrit, franchissant une écluse étroite.Figures 3, 4 and 5 show three successive diagrams of a ship such as previously described, crossing a narrow lock.

Le navire comporte six éléments de coque 3, 31, 32, 4, 41,42 disposés par groupe G1, G2, G3, de deux selon un axe longitudinal XX'. Dans chaque groupe, l'un des éléments de coque est disposé d'un coté de l'axe XX' tandis que l'autre est disposé de l'autre côté de l'axe XX'. Ainsi les groupes G1, G2, G3 sont respectivement composés des éléments de coque 3 et 4, 31 et 41 et 32 et 42.The ship has six hull elements 3, 31, 32, 4, 41, 42 arranged by group G1, G2, G3, of two along a longitudinal axis XX '. In each group, one of the shell elements is arranged on one side of the axis XX 'while the other is arranged on the other side of the axis XX '. Thus the groups G1, G2, G3 are respectively composed of the shell elements 3 and 4, 31 and 41 and 32 and 42.

Sur la figure 3, les éléments de coque 3 et 4 du premier groupe G1 sont disposés l'un contre l'autre afin de minimiser la largeur du navire et ainsi permettre le passage de la partie avant du bateau entre les bajoyers 1 et 2 de l'écluse.In FIG. 3, the shell elements 3 and 4 of the first group G1 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the front part of the boat between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock.

Sur la figure 4, les éléments de coque 3 et 4 du premier groupe G1 ainsi que ceux, 31 et 41 du groupe G2 sont disposés l'un contre l'autre afin de minimiser la largeur du navire et ainsi permettre le passage des éléments de coque correspondant entre les bajoyers 1 et 2 de l'écluse. In FIG. 4, the shell elements 3 and 4 of the first group G1 as well as those, 31 and 41 of group G2 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the hull elements corresponding between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock.

Sur la figure 5, les éléments de coque 31 et 41 du groupe G2 ainsi que ceux, 32 et 42 du groupe G3 sont disposés l'un contre l'autre afin de minimiser la largeur du navire et ainsi permettre le passage des éléments de coque correspondant entre les bajoyers 1 et 2 de l'écluse. Par contre les éléments de coque 3 et 4 du groupe G1 sont écartés afin d'assurer la stabilité maximale du navire, ces éléments étant sortis du passage et n'étant donc plus entre les bajoyers de l'écluse.In FIG. 5, the shell elements 31 and 41 of group G2 as well as those, 32 and 42 of group G3 are arranged one against the other in order to minimize the width of the ship and thus allow the passage of the corresponding hull elements between the locks 1 and 2 of the lock. By cons shell elements 3 and 4 of the group G1 are separated to ensure maximum stability of the ship, these elements being out of the passage and therefore no longer between the locks of the lock.

Par ailleurs, comme montré sur ces figures, deux vérins 10, ainsi que deux coulisseaux non représentés sur cette figure, sont associés à chacun des groupes.Furthermore, as shown in these figures, two jacks 10, as well as two slides not shown in this figure, are associated with each of the groups.

De plus, des moyens de mesure de distance d'obstacle 13 sont disposés à l'avant de chacun des groupes et sur les cotés et sont reliés à une logique de commande des vérins 10. Des interrupteurs fins de course sont positionnés sur les surfaces latérales des éléments de coques afin de stopper tout déploiement des vérins, commandé ou accidentel, lorsque ces surfaces atteignent un obstacle.
Ce navire comporte en outre et de façon connue des moyens de ballastage. Ils sont constitués par des caisses situées dans le double fond (entre les deux parois de chacun des éléments de coque). Ces caisses sont constituées par la structure du navire. Elles sont en nombre suffisant pour fractionner le réglage.
Le liquide utilisé pour le ballastage est l'eau environnante (eau de mer ou eau du canal).
Les mouvements d'eau sont réalisés au moyen de pompes à grand débit et de canalisations équipées de vannes.
Les caisses sont toutes équipées de capteurs de niveau d'eau.
Un système de mesure en temps réel des tirants d'eau avant, arrière, milieu, équipe le navire. Ce système, constitué de 6 capteurs de niveau d'eau, d'un boítier de concentration et de répétiteurs.In addition, obstacle distance measurement means 13 are arranged at the front of each group and on the sides and are connected to a control logic for the jacks 10. Limit switches are positioned on the lateral surfaces shell elements in order to stop any deployment of the jacks, whether controlled or accidental, when these surfaces reach an obstacle.
This vessel also comprises and in a known manner ballasting means. They consist of boxes located in the double bottom (between the two walls of each of the shell elements). These boxes are formed by the structure of the ship. There are enough of them to split the setting.
The liquid used for ballasting is the surrounding water (sea water or canal water).
The water movements are carried out by means of high-flow pumps and pipes fitted with valves.
The cases are all equipped with water level sensors.
A system of real-time measurement of the fore, aft, middle drafts equips the ship. This system, consisting of 6 water level sensors, a concentration box and repeaters.

Le fonctionnement d'un navire selon le mode de réalisation présenté est le suivant.The operation of a ship according to the embodiment presented is the next.

En mer, les éléments de coques constituant chacun des groupes G1, G2 et G3 sont en position écartée afin d'assurer une stabilité maximale du navire.At sea, the hull elements each constituting groups G1, G2 and G3 are in the spread position to ensure maximum stability of the vessel.

En canal, l'écartement entre les éléments de coque d'un même groupe peut être réglé à la largeur maximale du canal de façon à assurer la stabilité maximale disponible du navire et ce, soit automatiquement avec les moyens de mesure de distance d'obstacle 13 et la logique de commande des vérins 10 associée, soit en imposant une valeur de consigne pour cet écartement.In a channel, the spacing between the hull elements of the same group can be set to the maximum width of the channel to ensure maximum stability available from the ship, either automatically with the measurement means obstacle distance 13 and the actuator control logic 10 associated, either in imposing a set value for this spacing.

Lorsque qu'une écluse ou, plus généralement, un passage plus étroit que la largeur du navire, est détecté par les moyens de mesure de distance d'obstacle 13, la logique de commande commande la rétractation des vérins 10 associés au groupe d'éléments de coque disposé le plus proche dudit passage détecté, de sorte que lorsque ce groupe commence à entrer dans ce passage, les éléments de ce groupe sont déjà regroupés l'un contre l'autre.When a lock or, more generally, a passage narrower than the width of the ship, is detected by the obstacle distance measuring means 13, the control unit controls the retraction of the jacks 10 associated with the group shell elements arranged closest to said detected passage, so that when this group begins to enter this passage, the elements of this group are already grouped together.

Lorsque les éléments de coque du premier groupe sont l'un contre l'autre, les moyens de mesure de distance d'obstacle 13 du second groupe situé sur l'avant de ce groupe sont alors activés et détectent ledit passage. Ils commandent alors la rétractation des vérins 10 associés à ce groupe, de sorte que lorsque ce groupe commence à entrer dans ce passage, les éléments qui le composent sont déjà regroupés l'un contre l'autre. Il en est ainsi pour chacun des groupes suivants.When the shell elements of the first group are against each other, the obstacle distance measuring means 13 of the second group located on the front of this group is then activated and detects said passage. They then order the retraction of the jacks 10 associated with this group, so that when this group begins to enter this passage, the elements that compose it are already grouped together. This is the case for each of the following groups.

Lorsque, pour un même groupe, les moyens de mesure de distance d'obstacle 13 situés sur l'avant de ce groupe et ceux situés sur les surfaces latérales des éléments de coque ne détectent plus d'obstacle, ou un obstacle situé à une distance latéral compatible avec un accroissement de la largeur du groupe, la logique de commande commande alors le déploiement des vérins de ce groupe jusqu'à une valeur compatible avec la largeur disponible entre les deux rives du canal. Dans le cas ou cette largeur disponible est supérieure à celle du navire, les vérins sont entièrement déployés afin d'assurer une stabilité maximale au navire.When, for the same group, the distance measuring means obstacle 13 located on the front of this group and those located on the side surfaces hull elements no longer detect an obstacle, or an obstacle located at a lateral distance compatible with an increase in the width of the group, the control logic then controls the deployment of the cylinders of this group up to a value compatible with the width available between the two banks of the channel. If this available width is greater than that of the vessel, the cylinders are fully deployed to provide maximum stability to the vessel.

Il faut noter que lorsque les éléments de coques de chacun des groupes sont tous regroupés, la stabilité de ce navire est assurée principalement par la coopération entre les rouleaux verticaux du navire et les parois latérales de l'écluse ou du passage, les rouleaux permettant un déplacement par contact sans glissement ce qui évite tout endommagement de la coque.It should be noted that when the shell elements of each of the groups are all grouped together, the stability of this vessel is ensured mainly by the cooperation between the vertical rollers of the ship and the side walls of the lock or passage, the rollers allowing movement by contact without sliding which prevents damage to the hull.

Bien entendu, de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'exemple de réalisation précédemment décrit sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi le navire peut consister en une barge et n'être destiné qu'à voguer sur les fleuves et les canaux, ou consister en un navire fluvio-maritime comportant ou non ses propres moyens de manutention.Of course, many modifications can be made to the embodiment previously described without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus the ship can consist of a barge and only be intended to sail on the rivers and canals, or consist of a river-maritime vessel with or without its own handling equipment.

Par ailleurs, les groupes d'éléments de coque pourraient être constitués par des éléments de coque situés les uns derrière les autres et non pas côte à côte. Les groupes pourraient aussi avoir des constitutions différentes.Furthermore, the groups of shell elements could be constituted by hull elements located one behind the other and not side by side. The groups could also have different constitutions.

De plus d'autres systèmes pourraient être utilisés à la place des vérins. A titre d'exemple on peut citer l'utilisation de bras articulés.In addition, other systems could be used in place of the jacks. As example we can cite the use of articulated arms.

Claims (12)

  1. Container ship comprising a hull and propulsion means, this hull comprising two hull elements having at least one hold (6) adapted to accommodate a container (7), the ship comprising means (10, 11) adapted to modify the spacing between at least said two hull elements relative to the longitudinal axis XX' of the ship, characterised in that it comprises at least three hull elements (3, 4, 31, 41, 32, 42) arranged in at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) disposed longitudinally along the axis XX' and at least one of which comprises at least two hull elements, the hull elements of the group or groups which comprise at least two of them being disposed on either side of said longitudinal axis XX'.
  2. Ship according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises at least two groups (G1; G2; G3) each made up of at least two hull elements and arranged longitudinally along an axis XX', at least two of said hull elements of the same group being disposed on either side of said longitudinal axis.
  3. Ship according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that each of the hull elements has a U-shaped cross section.
  4. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the means (10, 11) for modifying the spacing between at least two of said minimum of two hull elements (3, 4, 31, 41, 32, 42) comprise a jack (10).
  5. Ship according to claim 5, characterised in that the jack (10) is disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis XX'.
  6. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the means (10, 11) for modifying the spacing between at least two of said hull elements are also adapted to regulate the magnitude of this spacing.
  7. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it comprises means (13) adapted to automate the modification of the spacing between said minimum of two of said hull elements.
  8. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that said means adapted to automate the modification of the spacing between said minimum of two of said hull elements comprise means (13) adapted to determine the magnitude of the width between two obstacles located downstream and in the direction of travel of the ship, such as the banks of a lock or the piles of a bridge, and between which the ship is required to pass, as well as either means for displaying information relating to this magnitude or alarm means in the event of incompatibility between this magnitude and the minimum width of the ship, or means for controlling the modification of the spacing between said minimum of two of said hull elements.
  9. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that said minimum of two of said minimum of two hull elements comprise protecting means or guide means (8, 9) over at least one of their outer surfaces (33, 43).
  10. Ship according to claim 9, characterised in that said guide means (8, 9) are adapted to co-operate with a surface outside said ship, such as a bank, a dock or the side walls of a lock in order to increase its heeling stability.
  11. Ship according to any one of claims 9 and 10, characterised in that the minimum of two of said minimum of two hull elements comprise guide means consisting of rollers (8) or discs adapted to co-operate with the wall of a harbour or the walls of a lock so as to prevent the hull from scraping against these walls.
  12. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that it comprises ballasting means.
EP01401638A 2000-06-22 2001-06-21 Container ship whose hull comprises several hull members Expired - Lifetime EP1167179B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0007993A FR2810625B1 (en) 2000-06-22 2000-06-22 CONTAINER-HOLDING SHIP HAVING SEVERAL HULL ELEMENTS
FR0007993 2000-06-22

Publications (2)

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EP1167179A1 EP1167179A1 (en) 2002-01-02
EP1167179B1 true EP1167179B1 (en) 2004-04-21

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EP01401638A Expired - Lifetime EP1167179B1 (en) 2000-06-22 2001-06-21 Container ship whose hull comprises several hull members

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EP (1) EP1167179B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE264784T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60102863D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2810625B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2903815C3 (en) * 1979-02-01 1982-08-19 Erwin 3123 Bodenteich Schumacher Hull of at least two separate buoyant parts
DE3920334A1 (en) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-10 Klaus Loewer Twin hull container ship - has hulls connected by cross deck which supports bridge house

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FR2810625A1 (en) 2001-12-28
ATE264784T1 (en) 2004-05-15
FR2810625B1 (en) 2004-05-28
EP1167179A1 (en) 2002-01-02
DE60102863D1 (en) 2004-05-27

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