EP1164343B1 - Safety device for injection pistol of fluid in a container - Google Patents

Safety device for injection pistol of fluid in a container Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1164343B1
EP1164343B1 EP20010401448 EP01401448A EP1164343B1 EP 1164343 B1 EP1164343 B1 EP 1164343B1 EP 20010401448 EP20010401448 EP 20010401448 EP 01401448 A EP01401448 A EP 01401448A EP 1164343 B1 EP1164343 B1 EP 1164343B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gun
motion detector
container
relay
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010401448
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1164343A1 (en
Inventor
Sylvain Derouville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1164343A1 publication Critical patent/EP1164343A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/12Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/14Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch

Description

La présente invention est relative à un pistolet d'injection de fluide dans un conteneur selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a fluid injection gun in a container according to the preamble of claim 1.

Elle s'applique en particulier aux pistolets d'injection de CO2 sous pression dans un conteneur pour former, par détente, de la neige carbonique.It applies in particular to CO 2 injection guns under pressure in a container to form, by expansion, dry ice.

Dans cette application, le CO2 est prélevé sous forme liquide à partir d'un réservoir dans lequel il se situe à une haute pression, par exemple à une pression de l'ordre de 15 bars.In this application, the CO 2 is taken in liquid form from a tank in which it is situated at a high pressure, for example at a pressure of the order of 15 bars.

Le document FR-2 726 353 illustre un exemple d'utilisation de tels pistolets d'injection de CO2 dans un conteneur de stockage de produits alimentaires.Document FR-2,726,353 illustrates an example of the use of such CO 2 injection guns in a food storage container.

Généralement, pour éviter tout risque d'accident pour le personnel situé à proximité du pistolet, le pistolet et le conteneur sont dotés chacun de moyens de fixation mécaniques complémentaires assurant leur solidarisation au cours de la phase d'injection.Generally, to avoid any risk of accident for staff located in proximity of the pistol, the pistol and the container are each equipped with complementary mechanical fasteners ensuring their joining during the injection phase.

Dans le cas où le pistolet et le conteneur se désolidarisent, au cours de la phase d'injection, pour éviter tout fouettage du pistolet engendré par la pression du CO2 dans ce dernier et augmenter ainsi la sécurité, on coupe automatiquement l'alimentation du pistolet.In the case where the gun and the container are separated, during the injection phase, to avoid whipping the pistol generated by the pressure of the CO 2 in the latter and thus increase the safety, it automatically cuts the power of the gun.

A cet effet, on utilise un dispositif de sécurité du type comportant des moyens de détection du raccordement mécanique du pistolet au conteneur, qui sont disposés dans un circuit de commande de l'ouverture d'une électrovanne intégrée au pistolet pour interdire l'injection de fluide en cas de défaut de raccordement du pistolet au conteneur.For this purpose, a security device of the type comprising means for detecting the mechanical connection of the gun to the container, which are arranged in a control circuit of the opening of a solenoid valve integrated in the spray gun to prevent the injection of fluid in case of defect of connection of the gun to the container.

Classiquement, les moyens de détection sont agencés sous la forme d'un interrupteur s'interposant entre le pistolet et le conteneur. En cas de désaccouplement, l'électrovanne est désactivée et l'alimentation est coupée.Conventionally, the detection means are arranged in the form of a switch interposed between the gun and the container. In case of uncoupling, the solenoid valve is deactivated and the power is turned off.

Ce type de technique est désavantageux dans la mesure où il présente un temps de réponse trop long et demande de plus une modification des conditions d'exploitation du matériel.This type of technique is disadvantageous in that it presents a response time too long and furthermore requires a modification of the conditions operating equipment.

Une autre solution consiste à doter l'extrémité libre du pistolet d'un clapet anti-retour coupant automatiquement la distribution de fluide dès désaccouplement du pistolet et du conteneur.Another solution is to provide the free end of the gun with a valve backflow automatically cutting fluid distribution when uncoupling gun and container.

Cette solution présente également un certain nombre d'inconvénients, notamment en raison du fait qu'elle est relativement coûteuse dans la mesure où elle nécessite de prévoir un pistolet d'injection spécifique.This solution also has a number of disadvantages, in particular because it is relatively expensive to the extent that it requires to provide a specific injection gun.

Un désavantage important des solutions classiques est qu'elles font appel à des pièces mécaniques qui sont sollicitées à une fréquence importante (plusieurs centaines de fois par jour, que le pistolet fonctionne normalement ou pas). Ceci conduit à une usure importante et à un risque de non-fonctionnement du dispositif de sécurité lorsqu'il est sollicité.A major disadvantage of conventional solutions is that they appeal to mechanical parts that are solicited at a significant frequency (several hundred times a day, whether the gun is operating normally or not). This leads to significant wear and risk of non-operation of the safety device when it is requested.

Le but de l'invention est de pallier les inconvénients des dispositifs de sécurité de l'état de la technique.The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of security of the state of the art.

Elle a donc pour objet un pistolet d'injection de fluide dans un conteneur conforme à la revendication 1 ci-après.It therefore relates to a fluid injection gun in a container according to claim 1 below.

Ce pistolet selon l'invention peut également comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • le détecteur de mouvement est un détecteur d'accélération ;
  • le détecteur de mouvement comporte une bille en matériau électriquement conducteur disposée dans un cylindre électriquement conducteur muni à l'une de ses extrémités d'une pointe électriquement conductrice isolée du reste du cylindre ;
  • l'inclinaison de l'axe du cylindre est réglable ;
  • le détecteur de mouvement constitue un interrupteur de commande de l'alimentation du relais et comporte en outre un second commutateur en parallèle sur le détecteur de mouvement et piloté à la fermeture par le relais pour maintenir l'alimentation de ce dernier ;
  • le circuit de commande délivrant à l'électrovanne une tension alternative d'alimentation de cette dernière comporte un circuit redresseur, un circuit de filtrage raccordé à la sortie du circuit redresseur et un pont diviseur de tension auquel est raccordé le détecteur de mouvement ;
  • le pont diviseur comporte une résistance et une diode Zener en série ; et
  • le contact entre la bille et la pointe provoque le raccordement du relais au pont diviseur.
This gun according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
  • the motion detector is an acceleration detector;
  • the motion detector comprises a ball of electrically conductive material disposed in an electrically conductive cylinder provided at one of its ends with an electrically conductive tip isolated from the rest of the cylinder;
  • the inclination of the cylinder axis is adjustable;
  • the motion detector constitutes a relay power control switch and further comprises a second switch in parallel on the motion detector and controlled at the closing by the relay to maintain the supply of the latter;
  • the control circuit delivering to the solenoid valve an ac supply voltage of the latter comprises a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit connected to the output of the rectifier circuit and a voltage divider bridge to which the motion detector is connected;
  • the divider bridge comprises a resistor and a Zener diode in series; and
  • the contact between the ball and the tip causes the connection of the relay to the divider bridge.

D'autres caractéristiques ou avantages ressortiront de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale d'une installation d'injection de fluide dans un conteneur ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de détail de l'installation de la figure 1 montrant la construction d'un pistolet d'injection doté d'un dispositif de sécurité selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 montre le circuit électronique du dispositif de sécurité conforme à l'invention ; et
  • la figure 4 est une vue de détail du détecteur de mouvement du dispositif de sécurité de la figure 3.
Other features or advantages will become apparent from the following description, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a general view of a fluid injection installation in a container;
  • Figure 2 is a detail view of the installation of Figure 1 showing the construction of an injection gun with a safety device according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 shows the electronic circuit of the safety device according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the motion detector of the security device of FIG. 3.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1, l'installation d'injection de fluide est destinée à injecter du CO2 dans un conteneur 10 de transport de denrées alimentaires pour y former, par détente, de la neige carbonique, afin de permettre un transport des denrées sous température contrôlée.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the fluid injection installation is intended to inject CO 2 into a container 10 for transporting foodstuffs therein to form, by expansion, dry ice, in order to allow the transport of food under controlled temperature.

L'installation comporte un réservoir 12 de CO2, dans lequel le CO2 est conservé à l'état liquide, à une haute pression, par exemple à une pression de l'ordre de 15 bars. Ce réservoir 12 communique, par l'intermédiaire d'une tuyauterie 14 calorifugée dotée de vannes, telles que 16, avec un pistolet d'injection 18 supporté par une potence 20.The installation comprises a reservoir 12 of CO 2 , in which the CO 2 is kept in the liquid state, at a high pressure, for example at a pressure of the order of 15 bars. This tank 12 communicates, via insulated piping 14 provided with valves, such as 16, with an injection gun 18 supported by a bracket 20.

En se référant également à la figure 2, le conteneur 10 délimite intérieurement un réservoir 22 de neige carbonique qui est doté d'un embout 24 muni de moyens de fixation mécanique du pistolet sur le conteneur 10 assurant une solidarisation du réservoir 22 et du pistolet 18 au cours de l'injection de CO2. Referring also to Figure 2, the container 10 internally defines a tank 22 of dry ice which is provided with a tip 24 provided with mechanical attachment means of the gun on the container 10 securing the reservoir 22 and the gun 18 during the injection of CO 2 .

Le pistolet 18, quant à lui, est doté d'une mannette 26 de commande d'injection assurant la commande d'une électrovanne 28 pour provoquer l'injection de CO2 dans le réservoir 22.The pistol 18, meanwhile, is provided with an injection control lever 26 which controls a solenoid valve 28 to cause the injection of CO 2 into the reservoir 22.

Par ailleurs, l'électrovanne 28 est pilotée par une armoire de commande 30 placée à distance du pistolet 18 et assurant, en particulier, l'alimentation de l'électrovanne en énergie électrique alternative.Moreover, the solenoid valve 28 is controlled by a control cabinet Placed at a distance from the pistol 18 and ensuring, in particular, supplying the solenoid valve with alternative electrical energy.

Pour couper l'injection de CO2 dans le réservoir 22 en cas de défaut de raccordement du pistolet 18 au conteneur 10, l'installation est dotée d'un dispositif 32 de sécurité, intégré au pistolet d'injection 18, et adapté pour couper l'alimentation de l'électrovanne 28 en cas de détection d'un défaut de raccordement du conteneur 10 et du pistolet 18.To cut the injection of CO 2 into the tank 22 in the event of a fault connecting the gun 18 to the container 10, the installation is equipped with a safety device 32, integrated into the injection nozzle 18, and adapted to cut the supply of the solenoid valve 28 in case of detection of a connection fault of the container 10 and the gun 18.

En se référant également aux figures 3 et 4, le dispositif de sécurité comporte un détecteur 34 de détection de mouvement du pistolet, formant interrupteur interposé dans le circuit d'alimentation de l'électrovanne.Referring also to FIGS. 3 and 4, the safety device comprises a detector 34 for detecting movement of the pistol, forming switch interposed in the supply circuit of the solenoid valve.

Plus particulièrement, en référence à la figure 4, le détecteur de mouvement 34 est agencé sous la forme d'un boítier cylindrique 36 en matériau électriquement conducteur dans lequel est placée une bille 38 également électriquement conductrice.More particularly, with reference to FIG. 4, the detector of movement 34 is arranged in the form of a cylindrical housing 36 of material electrically conductive in which is placed a ball 38 also electrically conductive.

L'une des extrémités du boítier 36 est dotée d'une pointe 40, électriquement conductrice et isolée du reste du boítier 36.One end of the housing 36 is provided with a tip 40, electrically conductive and isolated from the rest of the housing 36.

Le boítier 36 et la pointe 40 sont respectivement connectés à des bornes de raccordement du dispositif de détection de mouvement 34 au circuit d'alimentation de l'électrovanne 28 du pistolet.The housing 36 and the tip 40 are respectively connected to connection terminals of the motion detection device 34 to the circuit supplying the solenoid valve 28 of the gun.

Par ailleurs, le boítier 36 est monté dans le pistolet 18 selon une position légèrement inclinée de façon à solliciter la bille 38 à distance de la pointe 40.Furthermore, the housing 36 is mounted in the gun 18 according to a position slightly inclined so as to urge the ball 38 away from the tip 40.

Dès lors, dans cette position, l'interrupteur constitué par la paroi du boítier 36, la bille 38 et la pointe 40 est sollicité à l'état ouvert.Therefore, in this position, the switch constituted by the wall of the housing 36, the ball 38 and the tip 40 is biased in the open state.

En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 3, on voit que le dispositif de contrôle 32 comporte principalement un pont redresseur 42, de type classique, en sortie duquel est placé un étage de filtrage 44 constitué par l'association en parallèle de deux condensateurs C1 et C2. Referring more particularly to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the device 32 comprises mainly a rectifier bridge 42, conventional type, at the output of which is placed a filtering stage 44 constituted by the parallel association of two capacitors C1 and C2.

Un pont diviseur de tension 46, constitué par l'association en série d'une résistance R et d'une diode Zener D, est placé en parallèle sur l'étage de filtrage 44.A voltage divider bridge 46, constituted by the series association a resistance R and a Zener diode D, is placed in parallel on the floor filtering 44.

Le détecteur de mouvement 34 est raccordé, d'une part, au point milieu du pont diviseur 46 et, d'autre part, en série sur un relais 48, qui est lui-même raccordé à un noeud du circuit en commun avec le pont redresseur 42, l'étage de filtrage 44 et le pont diviseur 46.The motion detector 34 is connected, on the one hand, to the point middle of the divider bridge 46 and, on the other hand, in series on a relay 48, which is itself connected to a node of the circuit in common with the bridge rectifier 42, the filter stage 44 and the divider bridge 46.

Le relais 48 pilote, d'une part, à l'ouverture, un premier commutateur 50 interposé en série dans le circuit d'alimentation de l'électrovanne 28 et, d'autre part, à la fermeture, un deuxième commutateur 52 connecté en parallèle sur le détecteur de mouvement 34.Relay 48 controls, on the one hand, at the opening, a first switch 50 interposed in series in the supply circuit of the solenoid valve 28 and, on the other hand, on closing, a second switch 52 connected in parallel on the motion detector 34.

Ainsi, en cas de défaut de raccordement mécanique du pistolet 18 sur le conteneur 10, lors de l'injection de CO2, le mouvement du pistolet 18, détecté par le détecteur de mouvement 34 lorsque la bille entre en contact avec la pointe 40, provoque l'alimentation du relais 48, l'ouverture consécutive du premier commutateur 50 et donc la coupure de l'alimentation de l'électrovanne.Thus, in the event of a mechanical connection failure of the gun 18 on the container 10, during the injection of CO 2 , the movement of the gun 18, detected by the movement detector 34 when the ball comes into contact with the tip 40, causes the supply of the relay 48, the consecutive opening of the first switch 50 and thus the power failure of the solenoid valve.

Le mouvement du pistolet est dès lors stoppé.The movement of the pistol is therefore stopped.

Par ailleurs, l'alimentation du relais 48 provoque la fermeture du second commutateur 52 et le maintien de l'alimentation de ce relais 48 quel que soit l'état du détecteur 34.In addition, the supply of relay 48 causes the closure of the second switch 52 and maintaining the power supply of this relay 48 what whatever the state of the detector 34.

Cette auto-alimentation du relais 48 provoque le maintien à l'état ouvert du premier commutateur 50 et donc le maintien de la coupure de l'alimentation de l'électrovanne 28. On empêche dès lors l'injection de CO2 pendant toute la phase d'injection programmée par l'armoire de commande 30.This self-supply of the relay 48 causes the open state of the first switch 50 to remain open and thus the interruption of the supply of the solenoid valve 28 to be maintained. The CO 2 injection is thus prevented during the entire phase. of injection programmed by the control cabinet 30.

On notera que le dispositif de sécurité 32 qui vient d'être décrit se présente sous la forme d'un boítier venant se brancher sur l'électrovanne 28, dans le circuit d'alimentation de cette dernière, et ne nécessite donc pas de modifier en conséquence le pistolet d'injection 18.It will be noted that the security device 32 which has just been described is present in the form of a housing to be connected to the solenoid valve 28, in the supply circuit of the latter, and therefore does not require modify the injection gun 18 accordingly.

Il peut donc venir équiper tout type de pistolet d'injection sans nécessité de modification notable de leur structure interne. It can therefore come equipped with any type of injection gun without need significant change in their internal structure.

Par ailleurs, le réglage de la sensibilité du dispositif est très facile : il s'opère par réglage de l'inclinaison horizontale du boítier 36 lors du montage initial ou lors de modifications des conditions de fonctionnement.Moreover, the adjustment of the sensitivity of the device is very easy: it is effected by adjusting the horizontal inclination of the housing 36 during assembly initial change or when changing the operating conditions.

On peut ainsi adapter le boítier à des fluides différents, à des positions de raccordement différentes, à des pressions d'injection différentes, à des pistolets de masse faible ou importante.It is thus possible to adapt the housing to different fluids at different positions. different connections, at different injection pressures, pistols of low or high mass.

On notera que la détection de mouvement est basée sur la force d'accélération du pistolet lors d'un éventuel décrochage, qui prend en compte tous les facteurs ci-dessus, et qui est de plus directement liée aux dégâts provoqués lors d'un choc du pistolet contre un opérateur humain ou contre un obstacle.Note that motion detection is based on force acceleration of the pistol during a possible stall, which takes into account of all the factors above, and which is also directly related to damage caused by a gun shock against a human operator or against an obstacle.

Claims (8)

  1. Gun (18) for injecting fluid into a container (10), comprising a circuit controlling the opening of an electrically operated valve (28) built into the gun (18), characterized in that the gun is equipped with a safety device comprising means for detecting the mechanical connection of the gun to the container, which means are placed in the control circuit to prevent fluid from being injected if the gun (18) is not properly connected to the container (10), characterized in that the detection means comprise a gun motion detector (34) and a relay (48) which can be activated under the control of the motion detector (34) to control the opening of a switch (50) connected in series in the control circuit to stop the dispensing of the fluid if motion of the gun (18) is detected.
  2. Gun according to Claim 1, characterized in that the motion detector (34) is an acceleration detector.
  3. Gun according to Claim 2, characterized in that the motion detector (34) comprises a ball (38) made of an electrically conductive material placed in an electrically conductive cylinder (36) fitted at one of its ends with an electrically conducting spike (40) which is isolated from the rest of the cylinder.
  4. Gun according to Claim 3, characterized in that the inclination of the axis of the cylinder is adjustable.
  5. Gun according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the motion detector constitutes a switch for controlling the power supply to the relay and in that it further comprises a second switch (52) in parallel with the motion detector (34) and made to close by the relay to maintain the power supply thereof.
  6. Gun according to Claim 5, characterized in that since the control circuit delivers AC voltage to the electrically operated valve in order to power the latter, it comprises a rectifier circuit (42), a filtering circuit (44) connected to the output of the rectifier circuit (42) and a voltage divider (46) to which the motion detector (34) is connected.
  7. Gun according to Claim 6, characterized in that the voltage divider comprises a resistor (R) and a Zener diode (D) in series.
  8. Gun according to Claim 3 or 4 taken in combination with Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the contact between the ball (38) and the spike (40) causes the relay (48) to be connected to the voltage divider (46).
EP20010401448 2000-06-16 2001-06-05 Safety device for injection pistol of fluid in a container Expired - Lifetime EP1164343B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0007717 2000-06-16
FR0007717A FR2810262B1 (en) 2000-06-16 2000-06-16 SECURITY DEVICE FOR A FLUID INJECTION GUN IN A CONTAINER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1164343A1 EP1164343A1 (en) 2001-12-19
EP1164343B1 true EP1164343B1 (en) 2004-11-17

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EP20010401448 Expired - Lifetime EP1164343B1 (en) 2000-06-16 2001-06-05 Safety device for injection pistol of fluid in a container

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EP (1) EP1164343B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60107148T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2233578T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2810262B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5327949A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-07-12 Emco Wheaton, Inc. Fuel dispensing nozzle
FR2726353B1 (en) * 1994-10-26 1996-12-20 Carboxyque Francaise AUTOMATIC DOSING PROCESS FOR STORING PRODUCTS AT LOW TEMPERATURE IN AN INSULATED ENCLOSURE COMPRISING A LOADING VOLUME AND AT LEAST ONE CARBON SNOW CONTAINER
US5543767A (en) * 1995-02-02 1996-08-06 Elenbaas; George H. Electrical switch

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ES2233578T3 (en) 2005-06-16
DE60107148D1 (en) 2004-12-23
DE60107148T2 (en) 2005-12-15
EP1164343A1 (en) 2001-12-19
FR2810262A1 (en) 2001-12-21
FR2810262B1 (en) 2002-08-30

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