EP1163658B1 - Compression de donnees d'images associees aux reseaux bidimensionnels de sous-composants de pixels - Google Patents

Compression de donnees d'images associees aux reseaux bidimensionnels de sous-composants de pixels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1163658B1
EP1163658B1 EP00907106A EP00907106A EP1163658B1 EP 1163658 B1 EP1163658 B1 EP 1163658B1 EP 00907106 A EP00907106 A EP 00907106A EP 00907106 A EP00907106 A EP 00907106A EP 1163658 B1 EP1163658 B1 EP 1163658B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pixel sub
components
luminous intensity
display device
pixel
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP00907106A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1163658A4 (fr
EP1163658A1 (fr
Inventor
Leroy B. Keely
William Hill
Geraldine Wade
Gregory C. Hitchcock
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Microsoft Corp
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Microsoft Corp
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Priority to EP05007975A priority Critical patent/EP1557813B1/fr
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Publication of EP1163658A4 publication Critical patent/EP1163658A4/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003—Display of colours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0443—Pixel structures with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/02—Handling of images in compressed format, e.g. JPEG, MPEG
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
    • G09G2340/0407—Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
    • G09G2340/0414—Vertical resolution change
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
    • G09G2340/0407—Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
    • G09G2340/0428—Gradation resolution change
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
    • G09G2340/0457—Improvement of perceived resolution by subpixel rendering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2074—Display of intermediate tones using sub-pixels

Definitions

  • Display devices having the foregoing pixel and pixel sub-component configurations can enable images to be displayed with resolutions that are improved both in the vertical and horizontal dimensions compared with conventional rendering processes.
  • the two-dimensional improvement in resolution can be particularly advantageous for displaying complex characters, such as Kanji characters, that rely heavily on character features that have fine detail in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions.
  • the invention also extends to display devices that are further adapted to decrease the color artifacts that can be generated from treating each pixel sub-component as a separate luminance source.
  • the position of the red and blue pixel sub-components in a pixel is transposed in alternating adjacent rows. This pixel sub-component configuration breaks up the vertical stripes of same colored red and blue pixel sub-components that are present in many conventional display devices, thereby diminishing the color fringing effects that can be experienced.
  • the invention may be practiced in network computing environments with many types of computer system configurations, including personal computers, hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like.
  • the invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by local and remote processing devices that are linked (either by hardwired links, wireless links, or by a combination of hardwired or wireless links) through a communications network.
  • program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
  • Program code means comprising one or more program modules may be stored on the hard disk 39, magnetic disk 29, optical disk 31, ROM 24 or RAM 25, including an operating system 35, one or more application programs 36, other program modules 37, and program data 38.
  • a user may enter commands and information into the computer 20 through keyboard 40, pointing device 42, or other input devices (not shown), such as a microphone, joy stick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like.
  • These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 21 through a serial port interface 46 coupled to system bus 23.
  • the input devices may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, a game port or a universal serial bus (USB).
  • a monitor 47 or another display device is also connected to system bus 23 via an interface, such as video adapter 48.
  • personal computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and printers.
  • the computer 20 When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 20 is connected to the local network 51 through a network interface or adapter 53. When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 20 may include a modem 54, a wireless link, or other means for establishing communications over the wide area network 52, such as the Internet.
  • the modem 54 which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 23 via the serial port interface 46.
  • program modules depicted relative to the computer 20, or portions thereof may be stored in the remote memory storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing communications over wide area network 52 may be used.
  • treating the pixel sub-components as separate luminous intensity sources can result in some color distortions. For example, undesired red and/or green vertical stripes or fringes may be visible in a displayed image.
  • the common RGB striped display pattern is replaced with a pattern that transposes the position of red and blue pixel sub-components in alternating rows, as illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • resolution is increased in the vertical dimension by increasing the number of pixel sub-components in this dimension.
  • the number of pixel sub-components per unit distance in the direction parallel to the stripes can be doubled with respect to the conventional display device illustrated in Figure 1.
  • FIGs 4A and 4B One example of such a display device is illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B.
  • the portion of LCD display device 320 illustrated in Figure 4B includes rows R1-R3 and columns C1-C4. Rows R1-R3 represent scanlines of the display device 320 that are oriented perpendicularly to the vertical striping. In contrast, display devices having horizontal striping have vertical scanlines.
  • the pixel and pixel sub-component configuration of Figures 4A and 4B results in pixel sub-components that are approximately 1.5 times taller than they are wide. In other words, the aspect ratio of the pixel sub-components is approximately 1.5:1. It is noted that the aspect ratios can describe the size and relative positioning of the pixel sub-components regardless of whether the display device has vertical or horizontal stripes.
  • the decreased aspect ratio of the pixel sub-components of Figures 4A and 4B has the effect of increasing the resolution in the vertical direction. The apparent factor by which the resolution is increased depends largely on the manner in which the pixel sub-components 302, 304, 306, 312, 314, and 316 are controlled, as will be described in greater detail below.
  • Figures 4C and 4D depict a portion of an LCD device 350 that has pixel sub-components that are approximately 1.5 times taller than they are wide, as in the example of Figures 4A and 4B, in combination with transposing the position of the red and green pixel sub-components on alternating rows as has been described in reference to Figure 3.
  • region 330 of Figure 4C includes pixel sub-components R1, G1, B1, B2, G2, R2 indicated by reference numbers 332, 334, 336, 342, 344, and 346, respectively.
  • the embodiment of Figures 4C and 4D can generate increased resolution in the vertical and horizontal directions, as well as reducing some of the color artifacts that could otherwise be experienced.
  • each region of display device 450 that would correspond to a single full pixel in conventional LCD devices instead represents three pixels that include a total of nine pixel sub-components.
  • region 400 of Figure 5A includes pixel sub-components R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R3, G3, B3 indicated by reference numbers 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416, and 418, respectively.
  • the pixel and pixel sub-component configuration of Figures 5A and 5B results in pixel sub-components that are square or approximately square, or have aspect ratios of approximately 1:1.
  • the large number of luminous intensity values that are to be transmitted in the control signal for display devices can present bandwidth problems in some systems. That is, some systems may not be capable of generating and transmitting such a large number of independent luminous intensity values during the time available for each update of the display device.
  • some existing image processing applications assume that pixels are square. There may be some inefficiencies or complexities associated with using non-square pixels with such applications.
  • embodiments of the present invention relate to compressing the luminous intensity values associated with the pixel sub-components of display devices having increased pixel sub-component densities.
  • the data compression sacrifices some resolution in exchange for reducing the data transmission requirements to render images.
  • control element For example, in Figures 4A-4D, where the pixel sub-component density is doubled in the vertical dimension, two sets of vertically adjacent RGB pixel sub-components can be grouped together to form a pair of adjacent pixels that is referred to herein as a "control element".
  • region 300 of Figure 4A and region 400 of Figure 5A are examples of control elements.
  • each pair of pixels occupies a generally square region of the display device and corresponds in size to a single pixel of a conventional display device.
  • the control element can consist of adjacent pixels
  • control elements can, in general, consist of two or more pixels, regardless of whether the pixels are adjacent one to another.
  • the luminance generated by the pixel sub-components in each control element is controlled using a single red luminous intensity value, a single green luminous intensity value, a single blue luminous intensity value, and a bias value.
  • the bias value indicates how the light energy specified by the R, G and B luminous intensity values should be distributed or differentially applied between the upper pixel and the lower pixel of the control element.
  • the bias value indicates, for example, whether the luminance should be evenly distributed between the upper and lower pixels, or whether it should be weighted by a specified factor to the upper or lower pixel.
  • the number of bits included in the red, green, and blue luminous intensity values and the bias value can be selected in view of empirical observations relating to the perception of colors by humans. In general, most humans can perceive green light far better than red or blue light. Studies have shown that, in general, of the total perceived luminous intensity of a light source that outputs red, green, and blue light of the same luminous intensity, approximately 60% of the perceived luminous intensity is associated with the green light, 30% with the red light, and 10% with the blue light. For this reason, humans tend to be able to distinguish differences in green luminous intensity values far better than differences in red or blue luminous intensity values.
  • some conventional computer systems including many personal computers, use twenty-four bits to specify the luminous intensity values of red, green and blue pixel sub-components that form a single pixel.
  • eight of the twenty-four available bits are usually dedicated to specifying the luminous intensity value of each of the red, green and blue pixel sub-components.
  • a display device having an increased pixel sub-component density can be controlled using control signals that require no more data to transmit.
  • the cost of performing such data compression is often the loss of some spatial or color resolution in the rendered image.
  • a display device having two pixels in each control element can be controlled using an 8-bit signal where two bits are used for the R luminous intensity value, two bits for the G luminous intensity value, two bits for the B luminous intensity value, and two bits for the bias value.
  • two bits are used for the R luminous intensity value, two bits for the G luminous intensity value, two bits for the B luminous intensity value, and two bits for the bias value.
  • 16 bits are available per control element
  • four bits can be used to specify the red luminous intensity value, six to specify the green luminous intensity value, four to specify the blue luminous intensity value, and two bits to specify the bias value.
  • eight bits can be used to specify the red luminous intensity value, eight to specify the green luminous intensity value, six to specify the blue luminous intensity value, and two bits to specify the bias value.
  • each pair of bias bits represents a separate red, green and blue bias signal.
  • each control element includes three sets of RGB pixel sub-components
  • a 3-bit bias control signal is used.
  • the 3-bit bias signal supports a large enough number of different luminous intensity energy distributions that reasonable use of the available vertical resolution, corresponding to the three vertically adjacent pixels, can be obtained.
  • the results of the resolution-enhancing filtering can be quantized as one 8-bit value per control element.
  • the vertical pixel sub-component density (and the corresponding rate of sampling) is increased by a factor of two.
  • two 8-bit filtered RGB values are to be converted into one 8-bit signal including the RGB luminous intensity values and the bias value.
  • This conversion can be accomplished via a lookup table, using techniques that will be understood by those skilled in the art, upon learning of the invention disclosed herein. If the lookup table is accomplished in software by the operating system, it does not require a large amount of computation. Alternatively, the lookup table can be implemented in hardware in a video card.
  • Set of characters 130 is displayed with 9-point type and corresponds to an LCD display device having 88 dpi (i.e., 88 full pixels per inch).
  • Character 130a is rendered using a display device with pixel sub-components that are three times as tall as they are wide or, in other words, with no increased pixel sub-component density.
  • Character 130b is displayed using the same display device, but with an increase in the pixel sub-component density by a factor of two.
  • Character 130c is displayed with an increase in the pixel sub-component density by a factor of three compared to that of character 130a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Color Image Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé d'affichage d'une image sur un dispositif d'affichage avec résolution accrue dans un système informatique ayant un dispositif d'affichage, le dispositif d'affichage ayant une pluralité de pixels, chacun ayant une pluralité de sous-composants de pixels de couleurs différentes, le procédé consistant à :
    obtenir les données d'images représentant l'image ;
    à partir des données d'images, générer un signal de commande qui doit être appliqué à un élément de commande du dispositif d'affichage, l'élément de commande comprenant au moins deux pixels, le signal de commande comprenant une valeur d'intensité lumineuse pour chacune des couleurs différentes et une valeur de déviation indiquant si, et à quel degré, le cas échéant, les valeurs d'intensité lumineuse doivent être appliquées différentiellement à l'un particulier des au moins deux pixels ; et
    afficher l'image sur le dispositif d'affichage en appliquant les valeurs d'intensité lumineuse et la valeur de déviation aux sous-composants de pixels.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les données d'images représentant l'image comprennent des jeux spatialement différents d'un ou plusieurs échantillons qui sont mis en correspondance avec des sous-composants de pixels individuels.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le signal de commande qui doit être appliqué à l'élément de commande comprend :
    une valeur d'intensité lumineuse rouge unique ;
    une valeur d'intensité lumineuse verte unique ; et
    une valeur d'intensité lumineuse bleue unique.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le signal de commande qui doit être appliqué à l'élément de commande comprend en outre une valeur de déviation unique qui est appliquée aux valeurs d'intensité lumineuse rouge, verte et bleue.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le signal de commande qui doit être appliqué à l'élément de commande comprend en outre trois valeurs de déviation, chacune des trois valeurs de déviation étant appliquée à une des valeurs d'intensité lumineuse rouge, verte et bleue.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel l'élément de commande occupe une région sensiblement carrée du dispositif d'affichage et consiste en deux ou trois pixels adjacents, chacun ayant trois sous-composants de pixels.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l'étape de génération du signal de commande consiste à :
    générer une structure de données pour chacun des au moins deux pixels inclus dans l'élément de commande, chacune des structures de données ayant une longueur égale à un nombre de bits spécifié et indiquant les valeurs d'intensité lumineuse souhaitées pour les sous-composants de pixels du pixel particulier ; et
    comprimer les structures de données avec pour résultat le signal de commande, le signal de commande ayant également une longueur égale au nombre de bits spécifié.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'étape de compression des structures de données consiste à sélectionner le signal de commande dans une table de consultation basée sur les structures de données.
  9. Produit de programme informatique pour mettre en oeuvre, dans un système informatique ayant un dispositif d'affichage, le dispositif d'affichage ayant une pluralité de pixels, chacun ayant une pluralité de sous-composants de pixels de couleurs différentes, un procédé d'affichage d'une image sur le dispositif d'affichage avec résolution accrue, le produit de programme informatique comprenant :
    un support lisible par ordinateur supportant des instructions exécutables par ordinateur pour effectuer, lorsqu'elles sont exécutées sur un ordinateur, chacune des étapes du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.
EP00907106A 1999-02-01 2000-02-01 Compression de donnees d'images associees aux reseaux bidimensionnels de sous-composants de pixels Expired - Lifetime EP1163658B1 (fr)

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EP05007975A EP1557813B1 (fr) 1999-02-01 2000-02-01 Compression de données d'image associées aux reseaux bidimensionnels de sous-composants de pixels

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US11804899P 1999-02-01 1999-02-01
US118048P 1999-02-01
PCT/US2000/002494 WO2000045368A1 (fr) 1999-02-01 2000-02-01 Compression de donnees d'images associees aux reseaux bidimensionnels de sous-composants de pixels

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EP1163658B1 true EP1163658B1 (fr) 2005-04-13

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JP (1) JP4833412B2 (fr)
AT (2) ATE293273T1 (fr)
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DE (2) DE60045899D1 (fr)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1163658A4 (fr) 2003-06-04
EP1557813B1 (fr) 2011-04-27
EP1557813A2 (fr) 2005-07-27
DE60019403T2 (de) 2005-09-08
ATE293273T1 (de) 2005-04-15
DE60019403D1 (de) 2005-05-19
JP4833412B2 (ja) 2011-12-07
EP1557813A3 (fr) 2009-07-22
ATE507553T1 (de) 2011-05-15
AU2866100A (en) 2000-08-18
EP1163658A1 (fr) 2001-12-19
DE60045899D1 (de) 2011-06-09
JP2002536678A (ja) 2002-10-29
ES2361415T3 (es) 2011-06-16
WO2000045368A1 (fr) 2000-08-03

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