EP1162368A2 - Method and circuit for heating a glow-plug - Google Patents

Method and circuit for heating a glow-plug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1162368A2
EP1162368A2 EP01112481A EP01112481A EP1162368A2 EP 1162368 A2 EP1162368 A2 EP 1162368A2 EP 01112481 A EP01112481 A EP 01112481A EP 01112481 A EP01112481 A EP 01112481A EP 1162368 A2 EP1162368 A2 EP 1162368A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
heating
glow
switch
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP01112481A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1162368A3 (en
Inventor
Günther Uhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Beru AG
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Application filed by Beru AG filed Critical Beru AG
Publication of EP1162368A2 publication Critical patent/EP1162368A2/en
Publication of EP1162368A3 publication Critical patent/EP1162368A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/025—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/021—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given arrangement in an internal combustion engine to a predetermined temperature.
  • Glow plugs are used, for example, in diesel engines Ignition of the fuel when starting or also for ion current detection used in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine.
  • Glow plugs are known which are self-regulating Have heating characteristics. These are timed to one Supply voltage switched and heat due to their self-regulating behavior to the specific temperature.
  • glow plug It is also known to heat a glow plug electronically to regulate.
  • the glow plug supplied electrical power via an electronic control circuit regulated so that the predetermined certain temperature reached as quickly as possible and not exceeded.
  • the object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a method and circuitry for heating specify a glow plug that allows heating within a very short time interval to a relatively high temperature can be achieved.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is the subject of Claim 3.
  • FIG. 1 In the known steel glow plug 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an electrically operated heating device 4 in a glow tube 3 embedded.
  • the glow tube 3 is seated in a glow plug body 5, through which the glow plug 1 is screwed into the engine block.
  • the Power is supplied to the electrical heating device 4 via a electrical connection 7, with the electrical heating device 4 is connected.
  • the second electrical connection of the heater 4 is connected to the glow tube 3, so that on the Glow tube 3 and the glow plug body 5 the circuit to ground 8 is closed.
  • Glow plug 1 can also be designed as a ceramic glow plug be in which the glow tube 3 and the heater 4 in shape a unit are designed as a ceramic heating element.
  • the glow plug 2 shown in FIG. 2 is around an electrically insulated steel glow plug for Ion current detection in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the Glow tube 3 is electrically insulated from candle body 5 arranged and serves as a measuring electrode in ion current detection.
  • a semiconductor switch 9 and Voltage evaluation circuit 10 arranged depending on the voltage across the glow plug 2 is the semiconductor switch 9 for heating to the conductive state or for ion current detection in the locked state.
  • the self-regulating heating characteristic can be, for example thereby achieve that the heating device from a heating coil and a control coil is built up. These coils are in series switched.
  • the heating coil consists of a material with negligible small temperature coefficient, while the Control coil made of a material with a clear temperature coefficient consists.
  • Heating up a glow plug can also be done electronically regulated take place, in which case that of the glow plug supplied electrical power via an electronic control circuit is regulated so that a predetermined temperature reached as quickly as possible and not exceeded. If the Heating device made of a material with a known resistance temperature behavior is constructed from one Current and voltage measurement of the resistance and thus the Determine the temperature of the heating device.
  • the initial conditions are the initial temperature, the cooling conditions and the heat capacity of the area to be heated Glow plug, which is a delimited area of the Glow plug, that is the glow tube and especially the glow plug tip acts. This area has a defined heat capacity.
  • the cooling conditions are determined by the arrangement or the Installation of the glow plug in the engine is determined and can be done by calculation or determined by measurement.
  • the heat capacity of the Glow plug, that is, its area to be heated on the Glow plug tip is due to the geometry and the material properties determined and can also by calculation or can be determined by measurement. It can be assumed be that with regard to the manufacture of glow plugs in large quantities, the cooling conditions and the heat capacity of glow plugs of the same glow plug type only slight scatter subject to.
  • the energy required for heating a glow plug from an initial temperature to the desired one or predetermined final temperature by measurement and / or by Calculation can be determined and that with glow plugs the same glow plug type in the same arrangement heating can be controlled so that in the heating phase always same predetermined, for heating the glow plug to the predetermined temperature required and by measurement or Calculation determined heating energy is supplied.
  • Others Starting or ending temperatures can be other needed Assign heating energies. If the heating energy supply is electronic is controlled, the supply of heating energy per time that is called the absorption of electrical power, controlled arbitrarily become. For example, the power consumption can be constant can be held or initially more and then less, or conversely, power can be supplied.
  • FIG 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in a schematic arrangement the inventive arrangement for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given Arranged at a predetermined temperature.
  • a glow plug 1, 2 of the type shown in FIG. 1 or 2 is connected to the supply voltage U B via a switch S11 and a current measuring resistor R M 12.
  • a voltage U M proportional to the glow plug current I GK can thus be tapped at the taps 13, 14 via the resistor R M 12.
  • the voltage U GK at the glow plug can also be measured via the tap 14.
  • the tapped voltages lie on a control and evaluation unit 16, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a microprocessor with an integrated analog / digital converter.
  • This control and evaluation unit 16 controls the switch 11 via its output signal 15.
  • the combination of the switch 11 and the current measuring resistor 12 is preferably implemented as a fully integrated power semiconductor with a load current signal output.
  • a signal for closing the switch 11 is applied via the control and evaluation unit 16.
  • the supply voltage U b is applied to the glow plug.
  • the total heating-up time interval is divided, for example, into individual short part-time intervals T 0 and the taps 13, 14 are used to determine the voltage U A at the glow plug and its current consumption I GK .
  • the total heating energy supplied is then obtained by adding up these individual heating energies in the short part-time intervals T 0 .
  • the supply of heating energy can then be controlled by the fact that, for example, the Bacaufloomzeitintervall in ten component time intervals T is divided 0 and the switch 11 is not closed in all ten time intervals T 0, but for example, only three out of ten time intervals so that the glow plug at constant energy input per Time interval only 30% of the maximum possible heating energy is supplied.
  • the partial heating energy quantity supplied in each partial time interval is determined and added, and the switch 11 remains closed until the required predetermined total heating energy is reached, which is required for heating the glow plug to the predetermined temperature.
  • the supply of heating energy ensures that a Damage to the glow plug when feeding the Heating energy occurring heating power is excluded.
  • a predetermined limit the maximum temperature of the heating element in the glow tube the glow plug for example the heating and control coil, below its melting temperature is not exceeded.
  • the Arrangement of a heating element inside a glow tube and the Embedding the heating element in the glow tube is one possible Form of training that represents a thermal low pass, in which the temperature of the heating element during rapid heating compared to the temperature of the glow tube much faster increases.
  • the energy supply during the rapid heating up will controlled so that the temperature of the heating element never the exceeds the predetermined limit.
  • This low pass behavior of the Glow plug is given by its structure. In this way an energy or performance-time profile can be defined overheating of the heating element during fast Prevents heating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A heater plug receives a supply voltage via a precision resistor (12) and a switch (11). A control unit (16) measures a voltage drop with the precision resistor and uses this and the voltage measured to determine heat energy fed to the heater plug. A signal sent out at the control unit's output (15) controls the switch. After the control unit closes the switch, the heater plug is supplied with energy added up in the control unit.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze eines gegebenen Glühkerzentyps in einer gegebenen Anordnung in einer Brennkraftmaschine auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur.The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given arrangement in an internal combustion engine to a predetermined temperature.

Glühkerzen werden beispielsweise bei Dieselmotoren zur Zündung des Kraftstoffes beim Starten oder auch zur Ionenstromerfassung in der Brennkammer eines Dieselmotors verwandt.Glow plugs are used, for example, in diesel engines Ignition of the fuel when starting or also for ion current detection used in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine.

Damit eine derartige Glühkerze ihre Funktion erfüllen kann, muß sie auf eine bestimmte Temperatur in einer Aufheizphase aufgeheizt werden.So that such a glow plug can fulfill its function, it must be heated to a certain temperature be heated.

Es sind Glühkerzen bekannt, die eine selbstregelnde Aufheizcharakteristik haben. Diese werden zeitgesteuert an eine Versorgungsspannung geschaltet und heizen sich aufgrund ihres selbstregelnden Verhaltens auf die bestimmte Temperatur auf. Glow plugs are known which are self-regulating Have heating characteristics. These are timed to one Supply voltage switched and heat due to their self-regulating behavior to the specific temperature.

Es ist auch bekannt, das Aufheizen einer Glühkerze elektronisch zu regeln. In diesem Fall wird die der Glühkerze zugeführte elektrische Leistung über eine elektronische Steuerschaltung so geregelt, daß die vorgegebene bestimmte Temperatur möglichst schnell erreicht und nicht überschritten wird.It is also known to heat a glow plug electronically to regulate. In this case, the glow plug supplied electrical power via an electronic control circuit regulated so that the predetermined certain temperature reached as quickly as possible and not exceeded.

Die bekannten Verfahren der Selbstregelung und der elektronischen Regelung versagen jedoch, wenn eine Glühkerze sehr schnell auf eine hohe Temperatur, beispielsweise in zwei Sekunden auf 1000°C aufgeheizt werden soll. Das liegt bei der elektronischen Regelung beispielsweise daran, daß aufgrund der hohen Dynamik des Aufheizvorgangs unter Berücksichtigung der fertigungsbedingten Exemplarstreuungen große Schwierigkeiten auftreten, da unter allen Umständen vermieden werden muß, daß es zu einer, wenn auch nur kurzzeitigen, Überhitzung der Glühkerzenheizung kommt.The known methods of self-regulation and electronic However, regulation fail when a glow plug is very much quickly to a high temperature, for example in two seconds should be heated to 1000 ° C. That’s electronic Regulation, for example, that due to the high Dynamics of the heating process taking into account the production-related Difficulties in specimen scatter occur since it must be avoided under all circumstances that it is too one, even if only briefly, overheating of the glow plug heater is coming.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht daher darin, ein Verfahren und eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze anzugeben, mit denen ein Aufheizen innerhalb eines sehr kurzen Zeitintervalls auf eine relativ hohe Temperatur erzielt werden kann.The object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a method and circuitry for heating specify a glow plug that allows heating within a very short time interval to a relatively high temperature can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch gelöst, daß die zum Aufheizen auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur benötigte Heizenergie aus den Parametern des jeweiligen Glühkerzentyps in der gegebenen Anordnung und der Ausgangstemperatur ermittelt und innerhalb eines gewählten Aufheizzeitintervalls der Glühkerze zugeführt wird.This object is achieved in the method according to the invention solved in that the for heating to the predetermined Heating energy required from the parameters of the respective temperature Glow plug type in the given arrangement and the initial temperature determined and within a selected heating time interval the glow plug is fed.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 2.A preferred embodiment of the invention The procedure is the subject of claim 2.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 3. The circuit arrangement according to the invention is the subject of Claim 3.

Im folgenden wird anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer bekannten Stahlglühkerze zur Zündung des Kraftstoffgemisches in einem Dieselmotor;
  • Fig. 2 in einer schematischen Darstellung eine bekannte Stahlglühkerze, die als Meßelektrode zur Ionenstromerfassung in einem Dieselmotor verwandt wird, und
  • Fig. 3 in einer schematischen Darstellung das Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze.
    • A particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a known steel glow plug for igniting the fuel mixture in a diesel engine.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a known steel glow plug, which is used as a measuring electrode for ion current detection in a diesel engine, and
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention for heating a glow plug.

    • Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten bekannten Stahlglühkerze 1 ist eine elektrisch betriebene Heizeinrichtung 4 in ein Glührohr 3 eingebettet. Das Glührohr 3 sitzt in einem Glühkerzenkörper 5, über den die Glühkerze 1 in den Motorblock geschraubt ist. Die Stromzufuhr zur elektrischen Heizeinrichtung 4 erfolgt über einen elektrischen Anschluß 7, der mit der elektrischen Heizeinrichtung 4 verbunden ist. Der zweite elektrische Anschluß der Heizeinrichtung 4 ist mit dem Glührohr 3 verbunden, so daß über das Glührohr 3 und den Glühkerzenkörper 5 der Stromkreis zur Masse 8 geschlossen ist.In the known steel glow plug 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an electrically operated heating device 4 in a glow tube 3 embedded. The glow tube 3 is seated in a glow plug body 5, through which the glow plug 1 is screwed into the engine block. The Power is supplied to the electrical heating device 4 via a electrical connection 7, with the electrical heating device 4 is connected. The second electrical connection of the heater 4 is connected to the glow tube 3, so that on the Glow tube 3 and the glow plug body 5 the circuit to ground 8 is closed.

    Die Glühkerze 1 kann auch als Keramikglühkerze ausgebildet sein, bei der das Glührohr 3 und die Heizeinrichtung 4 in Form einer Baueinheit als keramisches Heizelement ausgebildet sind.Glow plug 1 can also be designed as a ceramic glow plug be in which the glow tube 3 and the heater 4 in shape a unit are designed as a ceramic heating element.

    Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Glühkerze 2 handelt es sich um eine elektrisch isoliert aufgebaute Stahlglühkerze zur Ionenstromerfassung im Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine. Das Glührohr 3 ist gegenüber dem Kerzenkörper 5 elektrisch isoliert angeordnet und dient bei der Ionenstromerfassung als Meßelektrode. In der Glühkerze 2 sind ein Halbleiterschalter 9 und eine Spannungsauswerteschaltung 10 angeordnet, die in Abhängigkeit von der an der Glühkerze 2 liegenden Spannung den Halbleiterschalter 9 zum Aufheizen in den leitenden Zustand bzw. zur Ionenstromerfassung in den gesperrten Zustand bringt.The glow plug 2 shown in FIG. 2 is around an electrically insulated steel glow plug for Ion current detection in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The Glow tube 3 is electrically insulated from candle body 5 arranged and serves as a measuring electrode in ion current detection. In the glow plug 2 are a semiconductor switch 9 and Voltage evaluation circuit 10 arranged depending on the voltage across the glow plug 2 is the semiconductor switch 9 for heating to the conductive state or for ion current detection in the locked state.

    Bei einer Glühkerze mit einer selbstregelnden Aufheizcharakteristik erfolgt in bekannter Weise das Aufheizen dadurch, daß die Glühkerze in der Regel zeitgesteuert an die Versorgungsspannung gelegt wird. Aufgrund des selbstregelnden Verhaltens heizt sich die Spitze der Glühkerze auf eine durch die mechanische und elektrische Dimensionierung vorgegebene Temperatur auf. Die selbstregelnde Aufheizcharakteristik läßt sich zum Beispiel dadurch erreichen, daß die Heizeinrichtung aus einer Heizwendel und einer Regelwendel aufgebaut ist. Diese Wendeln sind in Reihe geschaltet. Die Heizwendel besteht aus einem Material mit vernachlässigbar kleinem Temperaturkoeffizienten, während die Regelwendel aus einem Material mit einem deutlichen Temperaturkoeffizienten besteht. Durch den Stromfluß durch die Heiz- und die Regelwendel kommt es zu einer Erwärmung der beiden Wendeln. Die Regelwendel erhöht dabei ihren Widerstand, so daß die Stromstärke des durch die Heiz- und Regelwendel fließenden Stromes abnimmt. Dabei stellt sich ein Gleichgewichtszustand ein, in dem die Glühkerze auf einer konstanten vorgegebenen Temperatur verbleibt.With a glow plug with a self-regulating heating characteristic the heating takes place in a known manner in that the glow plug is usually time-controlled to the supply voltage is placed. Because of the self-regulating behavior the tip of the glow plug heats up due to the mechanical and electrical dimensioning predetermined temperature. The self-regulating heating characteristic can be, for example thereby achieve that the heating device from a heating coil and a control coil is built up. These coils are in series switched. The heating coil consists of a material with negligible small temperature coefficient, while the Control coil made of a material with a clear temperature coefficient consists. By the current flow through the heating and As a rule, the two coils heat up. The The control coil increases its resistance so that the current strength of the current flowing through the heating and control coil decreases. This creates an equilibrium state in which the Glow plug remains at a constant predetermined temperature.

    Das Aufheizen einer Glühkerze kann auch elektronisch geregelt erfolgen, wobei in diesem Fall die der Glühkerze zugeführte elektrische Leistung über eine elektronische Steuerschaltung so geregelt wird, daß eine vorgegebene Temperatur möglichst schnell erreicht und nicht überschritten wird. Wenn die Heizeinrichtung aus einem Material mit einem bekannten Widerstandstemperaturverhalten aufgebaut ist, läßt sich aus einer Strom- und Spannungsmessung der Widerstand und damit die Temperatur der Heizeinrichtung ermitteln.Heating up a glow plug can also be done electronically regulated take place, in which case that of the glow plug supplied electrical power via an electronic control circuit is regulated so that a predetermined temperature reached as quickly as possible and not exceeded. If the Heating device made of a material with a known resistance temperature behavior is constructed from one Current and voltage measurement of the resistance and thus the Determine the temperature of the heating device.

    Die bekannten selbstregelnden Verfahren oder elektronischen Regelungen sind jedoch nicht anwendbar, wenn eine Glühkerze sehr schnell auf eine hohe Temperatur, beispielsweise innerhalb von zwei Sekunden auf 1000°C, aufgeheizt werden soll. The known self-regulating methods or electronic However, regulations are not applicable if a glow plug is very quickly to a high temperature, for example within should be heated to 1000 ° C for two seconds.

    Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird daher nicht von einer Leistungsregelung Gebrauch gemacht, sondern erfolgt die Aufheizung der Glühkerze energiegesteuert, indem die zum Aufheizen auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur benötigte Heizenergie aus den Parametern des jeweiligen Glühkerzentyps in seiner gegebenen Anordnung und der Ausgangstemperatur der Glühkerze ermittelt und innerhalb eines gewählten Aufheizzeitintervalls der Glühkerze zugeführt wird.In the method according to the invention is therefore not from made use of a power regulation, but takes place Heating the glow plug energy controlled by the to Heating to the predetermined temperature required heating energy from the parameters of the respective glow plug type in its given arrangement and the initial temperature of the glow plug determined and within a selected heating time interval Glow plug is supplied.

    Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, daß bei bekannten Anfangsbedingungen immer die gleiche Heizenergie benötigt wird, um eine Glühkerze desselben Glühkerzentyps auf die gewünschte Endtemperatur, das heißt die vorbestimmte Temperatur aufzuheizen. Diese Anfangsbedingungen sind die Ausgangstemperatur, die Abkühlbedingungen und die Wärmekapazität des aufzuheizenden Bereiches der Glühkerze, bei dem es sich um einen abgegrenzten Bereich der Glühkerze, das heißt des Glührohres und vor allem der Glühkerzenspitze handelt. Dieser Bereich hat eine definierte Wärmekapazität. Die Abkühlbedingungen sind durch die Anordnung bzw. den Einbau der Glühkerze im Motor bestimmt und können durch Berechnung oder durch Messung ermittelt werden. Die Wärmekapazität der Glühkerze, das heißt ihres aufzuheizenden Bereiches an der Glühkerzenspitze ist durch die Geometrie und durch die Materialeigenschaften bestimmt und kann ebenfalls durch Berechnung oder durch Messung ermittelt werden. Dabei kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß im Hinblick auf die Fertigung von Glühkerzen in großen Stückzahlen die Abkühlbedingungen und die Wärmekapazität von Glühkerzen desselben Glühkerzentyps nur geringen Streuungen unterliegen.It is assumed that with known initial conditions always the same heating energy is needed to get one Glow plug of the same glow plug type to the desired final temperature, that is, heating the predetermined temperature. This The initial conditions are the initial temperature, the cooling conditions and the heat capacity of the area to be heated Glow plug, which is a delimited area of the Glow plug, that is the glow tube and especially the glow plug tip acts. This area has a defined heat capacity. The cooling conditions are determined by the arrangement or the Installation of the glow plug in the engine is determined and can be done by calculation or determined by measurement. The heat capacity of the Glow plug, that is, its area to be heated on the Glow plug tip is due to the geometry and the material properties determined and can also by calculation or can be determined by measurement. It can be assumed be that with regard to the manufacture of glow plugs in large quantities, the cooling conditions and the heat capacity of glow plugs of the same glow plug type only slight scatter subject to.

    Daraus ergibt sich, daß der Energiebedarf zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze von einer Ausgangstemperatur auf die gewollte oder vorbestimmte Endtemperatur durch Messung und/oder durch Berechnung ermittelt werden kann und daß bei Glühkerzen des gleichen Glühkerzentyps in der gleichen Anordnung das Aufheizen derart gesteuert werden kann, daß in der Aufheizphase immer die gleiche vorbestimmte, für das Aufheizen der Glühkerze auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur benötigte und durch Messung oder Berechnung ermittelte Heizenergie zugeführt wird. Anderen Ausgangs- oder Endtemperaturen lassen sich andere benötigte Heizenergien zuordnen. Wenn die Heizenergiezufuhr elektronisch gesteuert wird, kann die Zufuhr der Heizenergie pro Zeit, das heißt die Aufnahme der elektrischen Leistung, beliebig gesteuert werden. Beispielsweise kann die Leistungsaufnahme konstant gehalten werden oder kann zunächst mehr und dann weniger, oder umgekehrt, Leistung zugeführt werden.It follows that the energy required for heating a glow plug from an initial temperature to the desired one or predetermined final temperature by measurement and / or by Calculation can be determined and that with glow plugs the same glow plug type in the same arrangement heating can be controlled so that in the heating phase always same predetermined, for heating the glow plug to the predetermined temperature required and by measurement or Calculation determined heating energy is supplied. Others Starting or ending temperatures can be other needed Assign heating energies. If the heating energy supply is electronic is controlled, the supply of heating energy per time that is called the absorption of electrical power, controlled arbitrarily become. For example, the power consumption can be constant can be held or initially more and then less, or conversely, power can be supplied.

    Fig. 3 zeigt in einer schematischen Anordnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze eines gegebenen Glühkerzentyps in einer gegebenen Anordnung auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur.3 shows an exemplary embodiment in a schematic arrangement the inventive arrangement for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given Arranged at a predetermined temperature.

    Eine Glühkerze 1,2 des in Fig. 1 oder 2 dargestellten Typs wird über einen Schalter S11 und einen Strommeßwiderstand RM12 an die Versorgungsspannung UB geschaltet. Über den Widerstand RM12 kann somit eine dem Glühkerzenstrom IGK proportionale Spannung UM an den Abgriffen 13, 14 abgegriffen werden. Über den Abgriff 14 kann außerdem die an der Glühkerze liegende Spannung UGK gemessen werden. Die abgegriffenen Spannungen liegen an einer Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit 16, die beispielsweise in Form eines Mikroprozessors mit integriertem Analog/Digitalwandler ausgebildet sein kann. Diese Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit 16 steuert über ihr Ausgangssignal 15 den Schalter 11. Die Kombination des Schalters 11 und des Strommeßwiderstandes 12 ist vorzugsweise als vollintegrierter Leistungshalbleiter mit einem Laststromsignalausgang realisiert.A glow plug 1, 2 of the type shown in FIG. 1 or 2 is connected to the supply voltage U B via a switch S11 and a current measuring resistor R M 12. A voltage U M proportional to the glow plug current I GK can thus be tapped at the taps 13, 14 via the resistor R M 12. The voltage U GK at the glow plug can also be measured via the tap 14. The tapped voltages lie on a control and evaluation unit 16, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a microprocessor with an integrated analog / digital converter. This control and evaluation unit 16 controls the switch 11 via its output signal 15. The combination of the switch 11 and the current measuring resistor 12 is preferably implemented as a fully integrated power semiconductor with a load current signal output.

    Die oben beschriebene Schaltungsanordnung arbeitet in der folgenden Weise:The circuit arrangement described above works in the following way:

    Zum Aufheizen der Glühkerze wird über die Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit 16 ein Signal zum Schließen des Schalters 11 angelegt. Dadurch liegt die Versorgungsspannung Ub an der Glühkerze. Das Gesamtaufheizzeitintervall ist beispielsweise in einzelne kurze Teilzeitintervalle T0 unterteilt und es werden über die Abgriffe 13, 14 die Spannung UA an der Glühkerze und deren Stromaufnahme IGK ermittelt. Das Teilzeitintervall T0 kann klein sein und beispielsweise weniger als 1 ms betragen. Es wird davon ausgegangen, daß innerhalb eines derartigen kurzen Zeitintervalls T0 der Strom IGK, der von der Glühkerze aufgenommen wird, konstant bleibt. Dann läßt sich die im Teilzeitintervall T0 zugeführte Energie ET0 ermitteln als: ETO = UGK × IGK × TO To heat up the glow plug, a signal for closing the switch 11 is applied via the control and evaluation unit 16. As a result, the supply voltage U b is applied to the glow plug. The total heating-up time interval is divided, for example, into individual short part-time intervals T 0 and the taps 13, 14 are used to determine the voltage U A at the glow plug and its current consumption I GK . The part-time interval T 0 can be small and, for example, less than 1 ms. It is assumed that the current I GK which is absorbed by the glow plug remains constant within such a short time interval T 0 . Then the energy E T0 supplied in the part-time interval T 0 can be determined as: E TO = U GK × I GK × T O

    Die insgesamt zugeführte Heizenergie wird dann durch Aufaddieren dieser einzelnen Heizenergien in den kurzen Teilzeitintervallen T0 erhalten.The total heating energy supplied is then obtained by adding up these individual heating energies in the short part-time intervals T 0 .

    Die Heizenergiezufuhr läßt sich dann dadurch steuern, daß beispielsweise das Gesamtaufheizzeitintervall in zehn Teilzeitintervalle T0 unterteilt wird und der Schalter 11 nicht in allen zehn Zeitintervallen T0, sondern beispielsweise nur in drei von zehn Zeitintervallen geschlossen wird, so daß der Glühkerze bei konstanter Energiezufuhr pro Zeitintervall nur 30 % der maximal möglichen Heizenergie zugeführt wird. Das heißt mit anderen Worten, daß zum Aufheizen der Glühkerze die in jedem Teilzeitintervall jeweils zugeführte Teilheizenergiemenge bestimmt und aufaddiert wird und der Schalter 11 so lange geschlossen bleibt bis die erforderliche vorbestimmte Gesamtheizenergie erreicht ist, die zum Aufheizen der Glühkerze auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur benötigt wird.The supply of heating energy can then be controlled by the fact that, for example, the Gesamtaufheizzeitintervall in ten component time intervals T is divided 0 and the switch 11 is not closed in all ten time intervals T 0, but for example, only three out of ten time intervals so that the glow plug at constant energy input per Time interval only 30% of the maximum possible heating energy is supplied. In other words, for heating the glow plug, the partial heating energy quantity supplied in each partial time interval is determined and added, and the switch 11 remains closed until the required predetermined total heating energy is reached, which is required for heating the glow plug to the predetermined temperature.

    Es versteht sich, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung durch beispielsweise eine entsprechende Wahl der Aufheizzeit und/oder der Art der Zuführung der Aufheizenergie dafür gesorgt ist, daß eine Beschädigung der Glühkerze durch die bei der Zuführung der Heizenergie auftretende Heizleistung ausgeschlossen ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist dafür gesorgt, daß ein vorgegebener Grenzwert der maximal auftretenden Temperatur des Heizelementes im Glührohr der Glühkerze, beispielsweise der Heiz- und Regelwendel, unterhalb seiner Schmelztemperatur nicht überschritten wird. Die Anordnung eines Heizelementes im Inneren eines Glührohres und die Einbettung des Heizelementes im Glührohr sind eine mögliche Ausbildungsform, die eine thermischen Tiefpaß darstellt, bei dem während des schnellen Aufheizens die Temperatur des Heizelementes im Vergleich zur Temperatur des Glührohres wesentlich schneller ansteigt. Die Energiezufuhr während des schnellen Aufheizens wird so gesteuert, daß die Temperatur des Heizelementes nie den vorgegebenen Grenzwert überschreitet. Dieses Tiefpaßverhalten der Glühkerze ist durch ihren Aufbau gegeben. In dieser Weise kann ein Energie- bzw. Leistungs-Zeit-Profil festgelegt werden, das eine Überhitzung des Heizelementes während des schnellen Aufheizens verhindert.It is understood that in the method according to the invention and the circuit arrangement according to the invention by, for example an appropriate choice of heating time and / or type the supply of heating energy ensures that a Damage to the glow plug when feeding the Heating energy occurring heating power is excluded. For this purpose, it is ensured that a predetermined limit the maximum temperature of the heating element in the glow tube the glow plug, for example the heating and control coil, below its melting temperature is not exceeded. The Arrangement of a heating element inside a glow tube and the Embedding the heating element in the glow tube is one possible Form of training that represents a thermal low pass, in which the temperature of the heating element during rapid heating compared to the temperature of the glow tube much faster increases. The energy supply during the rapid heating up will controlled so that the temperature of the heating element never the exceeds the predetermined limit. This low pass behavior of the Glow plug is given by its structure. In this way an energy or performance-time profile can be defined overheating of the heating element during fast Prevents heating.

    Claims (4)

    Verfahren zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze eines gegebenen Glühkerzentyps in einer gegebenen Anordnung in einer Brennkraftmaschine auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zum Aufheizen auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur benötigte Heizenergie aus den Parametern des jeweiligen Glühkerzentyps in der gegebenen Anordnung und der Ausgangstemperatur der Glühkerze ermittelt und der Glühkerze zugeführt wird.Method for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given arrangement in an internal combustion engine to a predetermined temperature, characterized in that the heating energy required for heating to the predetermined temperature is determined from the parameters of the respective glow plug type in the given arrangement and the initial temperature of the glow plug and the glow plug is fed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ermittelte Heizenergie der Glühkerze innerhalb eines gewählten Aufheizzeitintervalls zugeführt wird.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the determined heating energy is supplied to the glow plug within a selected heating-up interval. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizzeitintervall in Teilzeitintervalle unterteilt wird und die auf die Glühkerze in den jeweiligen Teilzeitintervallen übertragene Heizenergie bestimmt und aufaddiert wird.Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the heating-up interval is divided into part-time intervals and the heating energy transferred to the glow plug in the respective part-time intervals is determined and added up. Schaltungsanordnung zum Aufheizen einer Glühkerze eines gegebenen Glühkerzentyps in einer gegebenen Anordnung in einer Brennkraftmaschine auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur, gekennzeichnet durch einen Schalter (11) und einen Meßwiderstand (12), die in Reihe geschaltet sind und über die eine Versorgungsspannung an der Glühkerze liegt, und eine elektronische Steuerund Auswerteeinheit (16), an der die Spannung über dem Meßwiderstand (12) und die Spannung an der Glühkerze liegen, die daraus die der Glühkerze zugeführte Heizenergie bestimmt und die über ihr Ausgangssignal (15) den Schalter (11) so steuert, daß die benötigte Heizenergie innerhalb eines gewählten Aufheizzeitintervalls der Glühkerze zugeführt wird.Circuit arrangement for heating a glow plug of a given glow plug type in a given arrangement in an internal combustion engine to a predetermined temperature, characterized by a switch (11) and a measuring resistor (12) which are connected in series and via which a supply voltage is applied to the glow plug, and an electronic control and evaluation unit (16), at which the voltage across the measuring resistor (12) and the voltage at the glow plug lie, which determines the heating energy supplied to the glow plug and which controls the switch (11) via its output signal (15), that the required heating energy is supplied to the glow plug within a selected heating-up interval.
    EP01112481A 2000-06-07 2001-05-22 Method and circuit for heating a glow-plug Withdrawn EP1162368A3 (en)

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    DE10028073A DE10028073C2 (en) 2000-06-07 2000-06-07 Method and circuit arrangement for heating a glow plug
    DE10028073 2000-06-07

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    EP1162368A2 true EP1162368A2 (en) 2001-12-12
    EP1162368A3 EP1162368A3 (en) 2004-09-15

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    EP1298321A3 (en) * 2001-09-27 2005-11-16 Beru AG Method for heating up an electric heating element, particularly a Glow plug for an internal combustion engine
    WO2007033825A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Beru Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling a group of glow plugs for a diesel engine
    WO2008043787A1 (en) * 2006-10-11 2008-04-17 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for determining a glow plug temperature
    WO2008110143A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-18 Beru Ag Method and device for glowplug ignition control
    EP2012003A3 (en) * 2007-07-06 2010-12-08 BorgWarner BERU Systems GmbH Method for heating a ceramic glow plug and glow plug control device
    EP2012003A2 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-07 BERU Aktiengesellschaft SUE Method for heating a ceramic glow plug and glow plug control device
    US8912470B2 (en) 2009-07-01 2014-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling a glow plug
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    Also Published As

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    JP2002039043A (en) 2002-02-06
    DE10028073C2 (en) 2003-04-10
    US20010050275A1 (en) 2001-12-13
    EP1162368A3 (en) 2004-09-15
    KR20010110332A (en) 2001-12-13
    US6635851B2 (en) 2003-10-21
    DE10028073A1 (en) 2001-12-20
    KR100589222B1 (en) 2006-06-15

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