EP1160065A2 - Method and apparatus for producing a socket pipe of a compactable material - Google Patents

Abstract

To produce a socket pipe from a compressible material e.g. concrete, a hollow mold (1) is used with its longitudinal axis (A) along the line of gravity and a lower socket mold section (3) at the bottom under the gravity force line. A force is applied to the molding material, at least at the lower socket mold zone, which is on an alignment to give an included angle with the line of gravity of 0 degrees ≤ alpha ≤ 90 degrees . The force around the mold is moved in upwards and downwards waves to act on the concrete (7).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a socket pipe from a compactable mixture, in particular from concrete, in a hollow mold with a longitudinal axis oriented in the direction of gravity and a in the direction of gravity lying below socket shape section, in which the Batch first in the socket shape section and then ascending in the rest Filled in the area of the mold and compressed under the action of force becomes.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for producing a Socket pipe from a compactable mixture, in particular concrete, in a hollow shape with a longitudinal axis oriented in the direction of gravity and a sleeve shape section lying below in the direction of gravity a compression device on which one or more surface sections are provided are under force during the filling of the batch squeeze the compressible batch, the force being its main component in each case in the direction of the normals established on such a surface section acts and the normal encloses an angle α with the direction of gravity.

Concrete and reinforced concrete pipes for pipelines are common at their ends provided with suitable geometries to ensure a tight coupling of the pipes or to enable coupling to other elements of a wiring harness. For this purpose, one end of simple pipe pieces is used as a sleeve with a slightly enlarged one Inner diameter, whereas the other end is straight runs out or tapers somewhat on its outer wall to a so-called pointed end is. When connecting two such pipes, a pipe with its smooth End or its tip end inserted into the sleeve of the other pipe. A precise fit allows the connection point to be tight achieve.

Straight socket pipes made of concrete can be used in hollow shapes in the direction of Establish the upright longitudinal axis of gravity by using the Concrete is poured into the hollow form from above, using suitable devices Inner wall of the mold is placed and compressed there. The use of Hollow forms with the socket-shaped section at the bottom enable formwork removal of the socket pipe after its compression, without this hardening of the batch must be waited for.

The hollow shape usually includes a cylindrical outer shell and other shaping Components for forming the geometry of the pipe ends. For training for example, a sleeve with a slightly enlarged inner diameter becomes a Form ring with a corresponding negative contour inserted into the outer shell.

To form a socket pipe, the one between the contoured is first Ring and the outer shell of the space filled with compressible mixture. Then the further construction of the socket pipe takes place along the inner wall the outer shell. Here, the compactable mixture is made using a suitable Pressing tools pressed against the inner wall of the outer shell. For example so-called roller heads with several pressure rollers are used for this press the filled batch radially against the wall of the outer mold, compressing it and at the same time smooth the inner wall of the socket pipe. In the socket area can by a roller head or another acting in the radial direction Press tool the mixture located between the mold ring and the jacket radially not be compressed. With the conventional methods and devices an optimal material density in the socket area cannot be achieved.

The state of the art therefore often suggests that in the socket molding section existing batches vertically by means of mechanical vibrations condense. However, additional facilities for generating the mechanical vibrations required, which requires increased equipment mean in the manufacture of socket pipes. The vibration devices also lead to increased mechanical stress on the production facilities, which must be trained accordingly or else are limited in their lifespan. In addition, the use of vibration devices associated with strong noise emissions.

Such manufacturing facilities are for example from DE 42 109 94 A, SU 1567376 A and US 4,756,861 A known.

There, the mechanical vibrations are only used to compress the socket section used, whereas in other sections of the hollow form the mixture is compacted using radial rollers. In such manufactured But socket pipes is the transition area between the through Vibrations compressed zone and the compacted by pressing in the radial direction Zone particularly susceptible to damage. It also extends at vibration engineering Compression of the batch in the socket molding section the manufacturing time for the formation of a socket pipe.

EP 0 015 469 B1 describes a method and a device at the beginning known type, with an additional compression effect in the socket molding section is achieved without additional mechanical vibrations. These Device described for centrifugal pressing of a concrete pipe uses a Roller head with radial rollers and one arranged above the radial rollers Pressure ring. The pressure ring has a frustoconical outer wall, which is extends along the inner wall of the outer shell and in the direction of gravity rejuvenated. Through the frustoconical outer wall of the pressure ring is a the compression of the batch in the socket molding section favors back pressure generated because the frustoconical outer wall of the pressure ring a counter gravity-directed evasion of the batch along the inner wall the outer shell hampers.

However, the compression effect that can be achieved with this is due to the arrangement of the Limited pressure ring above the radial rollers and in a more complicated Geometry of the cavity to be filled in the socket shape section, for example if a seal is embedded, not sufficient. Is in the socket pipe Embedding reinforcement cage is through the frustoconical outer wall caused flow obstruction of the mixture is not sufficient to a greater compression to achieve in the socket shape area, because the maximum outer diameter of the pressure ring is limited by the reinforcement in the area of the pipe.

The invention is based on the object, a method and a To create device of the type mentioned, in which avoidance additional noise emissions a high degree of compression of the batch in the socket molding section is achieved.

The above object is achieved by a method of the aforementioned Kind solved in which the direction of the pressure-exerting force K at least in Area of the sleeve molding section is inclined against the direction of gravity or at least in the area of the socket shape section with a force on the batch is acted, the main direction of action with the direction of gravity encloses an angle in the range 0 ° <α <90 °. In contrast to conventional ones The batch to be compressed is actively moved into the socket section pressed. Due to the inclination of the direction of the pressure-exerting force K a complete, void-free filling of the sleeve section and a achieved particularly effective compaction. This allows sleeves with high Establish dimensional accuracy and strength.

The pressure-exerting force K is preferably in the circumferential direction of the hollow mold applied all around to the compactable mixture. This results in a pulsating load on the batch, which further increases the Compression is achieved.

By changing the inclination of the pressure-exerting force K, an optimal Adaptation to the geometry of the socket shape section for the purpose of a particularly effective compression of the batch can be achieved.

The above object is further achieved by a device of the beginning mentioned type solved in the means for changing the angle α during the Filling of the compressible batch are provided.

The inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections relative to is advantageous Direction of gravity from a first position, in which the angle α = 90 °, in a second position, in which the angle α lies in the range 0 ° ≤ α <90 °, changeable, the main component being in the first position of the surface sections the direction of force is aligned perpendicular to the direction of gravity and in the second position against the main component of the direction of action the direction of gravity and thus inclined against the longitudinal axis of the hollow shape is.

In addition to the possibility of a strictly radial, the device according to the invention allows directional compression of the batch, such as that of conventional Roller heads is known, in addition a push with a down, i.e. in Direction of gravity or at least one with a force downward force component. As in connection with the invention The process has already been mentioned, this allows the batch compress particularly effectively in the socket shape section. It can be for the Compression of the batch in the area of the socket shape section and along an adjoining shaft section with a constant inner diameter a largely uniform compression can be achieved. On the finished one Socket pipe results in a homogeneous structure over the entire length. In particular become inhomogeneities in the transition area between the socket shape section and the shaft portion avoided. As for the compaction of the batch the same compression device in the socket molding section and in the shaft section can be used, the sleeve pipe can be used continuously Manufacture from the bottom edge to the top edge of the hollow mold.

A mechanical one is preferred for the inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections Gearbox provided, which is particularly robust and therefore less prone to failure is.

Rollers are preferably provided for compacting the mixture, which on their Form the pressure-exerting surface sections on the outer circumference. The usage von Rolle has proven itself in radial pressing. They are also easy to manufacture and ensure a good smoothing of the inner wall of the socket pipe.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the roles are on one Legs of a kinking axis mounted, which in turn with another Leg is rotatably mounted on a carrier of the compression device. there is the leg mounted on the compression device with respect to the longitudinal axis angled to the hollow form. This results in a particularly simple mechanism for the inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections. This is just the respective axis swivels, whereby the respective roller shifts in the radial direction becomes. In addition to an inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections also a displacement of the same can be achieved so that at a suitable dimensioning of the rollers also in the diameter widening transition area of the hollow form between the shaft section the same and the socket molding section exert pressure on the batch up to close to the inner wall of the mold. Even if If a reinforcement cage is embedded in the socket pipe, a high one can be added Achieve degree of compaction in the socket molding section. With appropriate geometry of the socket shape section, it is also possible that the rollers at least Immerse it in sections. The one in the compactable batch generated pressure cone reaches all corners of the socket shape section, in particular also the inside edge of the face of the socket pipe and the Inner wall of the sleeve so that it can be manufactured with great accuracy. This is for a high sealing effect between coupled socket pipes advantageous.

In all swivel positions of the axis between the maximum swiveled in and the maximum pivoted position runs the axis of rotation of the associated Axis to the longitudinal axis of the hollow tube skewed in space. Will with such a way set roll pressed on the compactable batch, so In addition to a compression effect, there is also a conveying effect by still loose batch on the inner wall of the sleeve pipe that is forming is deleted.

Preferably, the leg of the axle mounted on the carrier closes with the Longitudinal axis of the hollow tube at an acute angle β. Furthermore, that's the role supporting leg compared to the leg mounted on the carrier around the the same acute angle β cranked. This configuration has the advantage that in a strict radial alignment of the pressure-exerting surface sections of the rollers, i.e. in the case of pure radial pressing, the conveying effect explained above is avoided , but will occur when the rollers are inclined.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the acute angle is β = 45 '. This creates a large swivel range of 90 °, so that with the same Both pure radial pressing and pure axial pressing are possible is. By an even stronger cranking of the axis, one can even get one Realize pressing with a radially inward force component.

In principle, it is possible to rigidly connect the rollers to the legs, so that with a rotating relative movement between the compression device and the hollow shape around the longitudinal axis, the rollers over the inner wall of the developing Slide the socket pipe. Instead of rolls, other shapes can also be used Sliding bodies or shoes are used, which for the purpose of Compaction over the batch. However, it turned out that by rollers, which are rotatably mounted on the respective leg, a better smoothing of the inner wall of the socket pipe can be achieved. The roles To do this, roll on the inner wall of the sleeve pipe that forms.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the rotation of the rollers around the each leg provided additional drive means. This allows the relative speed between the pressure-exerting surface sections and the with these batches that come into contact. This is for one freer process design advantageous. For example, the roles with a Rotate speed that is greater or smaller than that at free resulting rotational speed.

To avoid transverse forces on the compression device, it is advantageous to provide several roles, which are preferably equally spaced around the circumference are. A change in the inclination of the rollers with respect to the individual surface sections For this reason, it must be as synchronous as possible. In a An advantageous embodiment of the invention therefore includes the mechanical transmission a central gear that can be rotated relative to the carrier and with gears combs, which are provided on the legs mounted on the carrier. By rotating the central gearwheel in relation to the compression device can the inclination of the surface sections in a particularly simple manner and Way to be synchronized.

The simplest possible actuation of the central gearwheel can be achieved with a this done rotationally coupled actuating shaft, which is through a hollow shaft the compression device extends. At this hollow shaft is the Carrier attached, which can be rotated via the hollow shaft. By a relative rotation between the hollow shaft and the actuating shaft becomes the The angle of inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections is set.

Furthermore, it is possible to have multiple levels of beams held on them Arrange rollers on top of each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

Instead of a gear transmission, the mechanical transmission can also be used as an articulated transmission be formed, which is essentially in the direction of Longitudinal axis of the hollow form extending actuator is drivable. The articulated gear is, for example, a four-bar, on the driving link of which Actuator engages and on the driven member a pressure body, for example, a pressure roller sits, the longitudinal axis of which is to the longitudinal axis the hollow shape parallel position can be tilted out.

The object of the invention is also achieved in that means for change the position of at least one of the surface sections that during of filling the batch put pressure on the batch, both at constant angle α as well as variable angle α are provided.

Are the pressure-exerting surface sections as already described above formed on rotating rollers, is for example at a constant angle α the change in position of one or more of the surface sections in radial Direction to the circumferential axis or to the longitudinal axis A provided until that of the circumferential circle described in the outer surface section is larger than that Nominal size of the concrete pipe to be manufactured. In other words, at least one these surface sections can describe a circle during the circulation, the Diameter is larger than the later inner diameter of the one to be manufactured Concrete pipe. This gives you the opportunity to further increase the compression optimize. To bring the inside diameter to the desired nominal size, the outer surface sections are defined in the direction during the application of pressure retracted on the revolving axis until the circumferential circle described is equal to the inside diameter of the concrete pipe to be manufactured.

Fig.1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Muffenrohres aus einem verdichtungsfähigen Gemenge, wobei hier lediglich der Bereich einer Hohlform zur Ausbildung der Muffe sowie ein Preßwerkzeug zum Andrücken des verdichtungsfähigen Gemenges gegen die Hohlform in einer Teilschnittdarstellung abgebildet ist,

Fig.2

eine Ansicht von oben auf den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bereich der Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Muffenrohres,

Fig.3

eine Seitenansicht des in Fig.1 dargestellten Teils,

Fig.4

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Muffenrohres aus einem verdichtungsfähigen Gemenge, von der hier lediglich ein Teil einer Verdichtungseinrichtung mit einer Druckrolle zum Andrücken des verdichtungsfähigen Gemenges gegen eine Hohlform in einem Vertikalschnitt dargestellt ist,

Fig.5

eine Perspektivansicht der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 2.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows in:

Fig. 1

1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device for producing a sleeve pipe from a compressible mixture, only the area of a hollow mold for forming the sleeve and a pressing tool for pressing the compressible mixture against the hollow mold being shown in a partial sectional view,

Fig. 2

2 shows a view from above of the area of the device for producing a socket pipe shown in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a side view of the part shown in FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a device for producing a socket pipe from a compressible batch, of which only part of a compression device with a pressure roller for pressing the compressible batch against a hollow mold is shown in a vertical section,

Fig. 5

3 shows a perspective view of the device according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 of the first embodiment show one during manufacture Hollow mold 1 commonly used by socket pipes, which has a straight shaft section 2 with constant outer diameter, and on an axial End section a sleeve molding section 3 with an enlarged outer diameter trains. The hollow mold 1 comprises an outer shell 4 with which the outer mold of the socket pipe to be manufactured is determined. This outer shell 4 comprises the shaft section 2 and a conical section which extends to the Sleeve molding section 3 extended to end in a cylindrical section. At the axial end section of the hollow mold 1 there is also a contoured one Form ring 5 is provided, which the geometry of the front and inner wall of the socket molding section 3 specifies. The latter is stepped here, so that the later socket pipe a receptacle for a substantially smoothly running Tube end is formed. By contouring the form ring differently 5 can also produce a different inner shape of the sleeve than the one shown here. For example, it is possible to have grooves on the socket pipe for receiving of sealing elements or embed them in the socket pipe.

The hollow mold 1 further comprises a smoothing head 6, which is axially from the outside in a central opening of the mold ring 5 is inserted to an inner mold wall to train.

To produce a socket pipe, the hollow mold 1 with its longitudinal axis A set up vertically so that the longitudinal axis A is aligned with the direction of gravity is. The socket shape section 3 lies at the lower end of the hollow shape 1. In this position gradually becomes a compactable mixture, here a concrete mixture 7, filled from above into the hollow mold 1, which is initially in the socket molding section 3 collects. To compact the concrete mix, one is in the direction the longitudinal axis A of the hollow mold 1 movable compression device 8 is provided, which will now be explained in more detail below.

The compression device 8 comprises a cup-shaped carrier 9, which on a lower end of a hollow shaft 10 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis A. is attached. The outer diameter of the cup-shaped carrier 9 corresponds essentially the inner diameter of the smoothing head 6, so that from above into the Hollow mold 1, the batch which has been poured in hardly ever comes out of the hollow mold 1 can. Applied to the cup-shaped carrier 9 during filling Batch is due to the rotation of the same about the longitudinal axis A in the direction the outer shell 4 of the hollow mold 1 flung and deposited there.

On the cup-shaped support 9, a plurality of rollers 11 are held, which have surface sections 12 press their cylindrical outer surface onto the concrete batch 7.

The rollers 11 are each on a first leg 13 of a kinking or cranked axis 14 rotatably mounted. The axis 14 is with a second Leg rotatably supported on the cup-shaped carrier 9. How in particular 3 can be seen, the second leg 1 5 closes with the longitudinal axis A an acute angle β, which can be, for example, 30 °. The offset angle between the first leg 13 and the second leg 15 of the Axis 14 is also selected here at 30 °. With a rotation of the axis 14 about Rotation axis B of the second leg 15, the roller 11 is pivoted and thus the angular position of the intended for applying pressure to the batch 7 Surface section 12 changed.

3 shows on the left side a roller 11, whose axis of rotation C around the first Leg 13 is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis A. Is in this position the pressure-exerting surface section 12 also with a coordinate parallel to the longitudinal axis A aligned so that in this position on the surface section 12 established normals N in relation to the longitudinal axis A in the radial direction the batch 7 to be compressed can press. As a result of rotation of the axis 14 About the axis of rotation B of the second leg 15, the roller 11 enters the in Fig.3 shown on the right side inclined position, in which the axis of rotation C of the roller 11 extends around the first leg 13 inclined to the longitudinal axis A. In this position is the above-mentioned coordinate of the pressure-exerting surface section 12 with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the hollow mold 1 in the direction of the socket molding section 3 inclined.

When pivoting about the axis of rotation B, the axis of rotation C takes a skewed wind Position, the rollers 11 always swing out more with their upper end than with its lower end. Only in a lower end position Swiveling movement in which the rollers to the starting position shown in Fig.3 left the axes of rotation intersect by 60 ° in the plane of the drawing C of the rollers 11 with the longitudinal axis A of the hollow mold 1, the same time also represents the axis of rotation of the compression device 8.

In all positions of the rollers 11, in which their axis of rotation C to the longitudinal axis A assumes a spatially skewed position, the surface sections 12 practice on the outer circumference of the rollers 11 an active conveying effect on the concrete quantity 7 in the direction of the socket shape section 3. As a result of the rotation of the compactor 8 roll over the rollers 11 already from above into the socket section 3 filled concrete quantity 7 and produce an increased, due to the rotation of the rollers 11 pulsating pressure through which the concrete quantity 7 is compressed in the socket shape section 3. Essential here is that at least with a force component acting in the direction of gravity is pressed on the concrete batch 7. In an extreme position it is also possible solely with a force directed in the direction of gravity on the material to be compacted Batch 7 to press.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the inclination of the rollers 11 results also a displacement of the pressure-exerting surface sections 12 radially outwards, so that in particular in the area of the socket shape section 3 and the latter subsequent transition area of a larger inner wall diameter to a smaller inner wall diameter the batch 7 to close to the Outer shell 4 can be actively pressurized. The rollers 11 dive thereby collision-free into the hollow form 1, even if there is a reinforcement cage 16 is inserted. Evasion of the pressure-loaded batch 7 between a roller 11 and the outer shell 4 is thus severely restricted.

For synchronous adjustment of the four rollers 11 distributed here on the circumference is on the Compression device 8, a mechanical gear provided in the selected Embodiment is designed as a gear transmission. This is to the Ends of the second legs 15 of the axles 14 each have a bevel pinion 17 rigidly attached, the bevel pinion 17 of the individual axes 14 with a central bevel gear 18 comb. This central bevel gear 18 is at the bottom of the cup-shaped Carrier 9 rotatably mounted. An actuating shaft is used to drive the bevel gear 18 19 is provided, which extends coaxially through the hollow shaft 10.

By a relative rotation between the actuating shaft 19 and the hollow shaft 10, the axes 14 and thus the rollers 11 with respect to the cup-shaped Carrier 9 is pivoted to incline the pressure-exerting surface sections 12. By means of the actuating shaft 19 can thus the direction of the to be compressed Set batch 7 applied pressure force from outside the mold 1.

The set angular relationship between the hollow shaft and the actuating shaft 19 can be maintained when the compression device 8 rotates, so that the rollers 11 remain in their inclined position. However, it is also possible this angular relationship during the rotation of the compression device 8 too change, for example, with increasing filling of the hollow mold 1, the inclination slowly withdraw the rollers 11 until in the shaft section 2 the in Fig.3 position shown on the left is reached to the mixture 7 to be compressed to apply a pure radial force. However, it is also possible at height of the shaft section 2 of the hollow mold 1 to work with inclined rollers 11. Possibly is another carrier with radially directed on the compression device Smoothing rollers are provided, or else the smoothing head 6 is in the upward movement the compression device 8 with its upper edge just below the Rollers 11 tracked.

Instead of a gear transmission, a mechanical transmission in the form of a Joint linkage for tilting the rollers 11 are provided. An example this is shown in Figure 4, in which a roller 11 once in its axially parallel Position to the longitudinal axis of the hollow mold 1 and a second time in an inclined to it Position is shown in which the pressure-exerting surface section 12 the same press the batch 7 obliquely downwards into the socket-shaped section 3 can. For this purpose, a roller carrier 20 via a first joint 21 on the underside a support 22 is pivotally mounted. The carrier 22 corresponds here in its Function of the cup-shaped carrier 9 of the first embodiment. For pivoting the roller carrier 20 and thus the roller 11 is an actuating shaft 19 provided, to which a coupling member 24 is connected via a second joint 23 is. This coupling member 24 is in turn via a third joint 25 to the roller carrier 20 connected. By an axial movement of the actuating shaft 19, which in 4 is indicated by a double arrow, the axis of rotation C of a roller 11 are inclined to the longitudinal axis A.

Instead of the articulated gear shown here, other gear designs can also be used to tilt the rollers 11 are used. For example a four-bar linkage can be used with an actuating shaft on the driving link attacks to a roller held on its driven member swivel.

In the following, the procedure for producing a socket pipe is brief are explained.

For this purpose, the hollow mold 1 is first assembled from its components and aligned with its longitudinal axis A to the direction of gravity, the Sleeve molding section 3 comes to lie below. After that, the compression device 8 sunk into the hollow mold 1 from above and into the one indicated in FIGS. 1 to 3 lowest starting position. Filling the compressible Batch 7 also takes place from above into the hollow mold 1, this first filled with the socket shape section 3 from bottom to top becomes. The compression device 8 becomes the same as the batch 7 rises move axially upward, so that its rollers 11 with their pressure-exerting Surface sections 12 each against the section currently under construction of the socket pipe.

To compress the batch 7 in the area of the socket shape section 3 the rollers 11 pivoted such that they with their surface sections 12 with a downward force or at least one force with a downward longitudinal component on the compressible mixture 7 press, as shown in Fig.3 in the right half of the picture, in the socket shape section 3 solidify mixture. Also socket shape sections 3 with a more complicated geometry are thus reliable Material filled in and compressed to a sufficient extent so that additional Vibration devices, as they are mostly used in the prior art can be dispensed with.

When the shaft section 2 is reached, the inclination of the rollers 11 can be reduced to the batch located there in a conventional manner and compress it by radial presses. However, in the area of Shaft section 2 with inclined surface sections 12 pressed onto the batch 7 if this is desired there. This allows a socket pipe in condense in a single, continuous work step, so that over it the entire length creates a largely homogeneous structure. That way Manufactured socket pipes are characterized by high strength and tightness in the socket area.

5 shows a perspective view of the invention for the sake of clarity Compression device 8 in an embodiment with four in their Inclination to the longitudinal axis A adjustable rollers 11, on which the pressure-exerting Surface sections 12 are formed. As can be seen here, to change the inclination a transmission with a bevel gear 18 and bevel pinions 17 is provided.

Claims (19)

Method for producing a socket pipe from a compactable mixture, in particular from concrete, in a hollow mold (1) with a longitudinal axis (A) oriented in the direction of gravity and a socket shaped section (3) lying below in the direction of gravity, in which the compactable mixture ( 7) first filled into the socket shape section (3) and then ascending into the remaining area of the hollow form (1) and compressed under the action of force, characterized in that at least in the area of the socket shape section (3) a force is applied to the mixture, whose main direction of action includes an angle in the range of 0 ° <α <90 ° with the direction of gravity. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the force in the circumferential direction of the hollow mold (1) is brought to act on the compressible mixture (7) in an up and down manner in a circumferential manner. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle α is changed from 0 ° to 90 ° during the application of force, with angular amounts 0 ° <α <90 ° being provided in the area of the socket-shaped section (3). Device for producing a sleeve pipe from a compactable mixture, in particular from concrete, in a hollow mold (1) with a longitudinal axis (A) oriented in the direction of gravity and a sleeve shape section (3) lying below in the direction of gravity with a compression device (8), on which one or more surface sections (12) are provided which, during the filling of the batch, exert a force on the compressible batch (7), the force with its main component acting in the direction of the normals established on such a surface section (12) and the normal includes an angle α with the direction of gravity, characterized in that means are provided for changing the angle α during the filling of the compactable mixture (7). Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections (12) relative to the direction of gravity from a first position in which the angle α = 90 'to a second position in which the angle α is in the range of 0' up to 90 ', can be changed, whereby in the first position of the surface sections (12) the main component of the direction of force is oriented perpendicular to the direction of gravity and in the second position the main component of the direction of force against the direction of gravity and thus also against the longitudinal axis (A) Hollow shape (1) is inclined. Device according to the preamble of claim 4, characterized in that means are provided for changing the position of one or more of the surface sections (12) in the direction of the normal during the filling of the compressible mixture (7) at a constant angle α. Device according to the preamble of claim 4, characterized in that means for changing the position of one or more of the surface sections (12) in the direction of the normal as well as means for changing the angle α during the filling of the compressible mixture (7) are provided. Apparatus according to claim 4, 5 or 7, characterized in that a mechanical gear is provided for the purpose of changing the inclination of the pressure-exerting surface sections (12). Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the compression device (8) is provided with rotating rollers (11), the outer circumference of which form the pressure-exerting surface sections (12). Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the rollers (11) are supported all around on angled axes (14), a first leg (13) of such an axis (14) carrying a roller (11) and a second leg (1 5) the same axis (14) with the first leg (13) forms an angle β and the second leg (15) is rotatably mounted on the compression device (8) and its axis of rotation is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis (A) of the hollow mold (1) . Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the second leg (15) rotatably mounted on the compression device (8) forms the same angle β with the longitudinal axis (A) of the hollow mold (1). Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the angle β = 45 '. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that drive means are provided for rotating the rollers (11) around the respective leg (13). Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the mechanical transmission comprises a central gearwheel which engages with pinions which are each rotatably coupled to a second leg (15) of an axis (14). Device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the compression device (8) comprises a hollow shaft (10) to which at least one carrier (9) is fastened, which receives the axes (14) and furthermore extends through the hollow shaft (10) extending actuating shaft (19) is provided, which is rotatably coupled to the central gear. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that a plurality of supports (9) with rollers (11) held thereon are provided one above the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the mechanical gear is designed as an articulated gear which engages pressure bodies, preferably rollers (11) provided with pressure-exerting surface sections (12), and which has an essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A) of the hollow mold (1) extending actuator is drivable. Device according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the change in position is provided until the circumferential circle described by the surface section (12) with the greatest distance from the circulation center is larger than the nominal width of the concrete pipe to be produced. Apparatus according to claims 6 to 18, characterized in that at least one of the pressure-exerting surface sections (12) is connected as a means for changing the position to a further mechanical transmission, which is preferably also designed as an articulated gearbox, which is provided on the surface-pressure-exerting surface sections (12) Pressure bodies, preferably rollers (11), and which can be driven with a further actuating element extending essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A).

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