EP1159527A1 - Device and method for the controlled switching off of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device and method for the controlled switching off of an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP1159527A1
EP1159527A1 EP00989783A EP00989783A EP1159527A1 EP 1159527 A1 EP1159527 A1 EP 1159527A1 EP 00989783 A EP00989783 A EP 00989783A EP 00989783 A EP00989783 A EP 00989783A EP 1159527 A1 EP1159527 A1 EP 1159527A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
crankshaft
angular position
controlled shutdown
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00989783A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sevan Tatiyosyan
Harry Friedmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1159527A1 publication Critical patent/EP1159527A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N5/00—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage
    • F02N5/04—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage of inertia type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F02D2041/0095—Synchronisation of the cylinders during engine shutdown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F02N2019/008—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation the engine being stopped in a particular position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/021—Engine crank angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/022—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/023—Engine temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/104—Control of the starter motor torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine with the features of the two independent claims.
  • DE-OS 42 30 616 proposes to carry out a so-called run-out detection in an internal combustion engine, in which the angular position of the crank registered when the internal combustion engine or the engine is switched off. and the camshaft is stored in a memory in the control device. After recommissioning, the control device knows the correct angular positions and the correct ignition and injection signals can be output immediately and the internal combustion engine is operated correctly.
  • the run-out detection can lead to problems if the last signals supplied by the angle sensors, which are usually also very small at low speed, are distorted by interference. Further problems can occur if the internal combustion engine or the motor swings back after being switched off and the correct parking position is therefore not saved.
  • the internal combustion engine has the advantage that the actual shut-off position and thus the associated angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft and thus the cylinder positions are known very precisely.
  • the parking positions are advantageously preferred positions which can be approached as parking positions.
  • the parking position is also, with great certainty, the position when it is switched on again, so that immediately after the internal combustion engine is switched on again, individual control signals for the ignition and injection can be given as soon as the first signals from the angle sensors can be evaluated by the control unit, if necessary after waiting for a debounce time. It is particularly advantageous that the reference mark can be recognized shortly after the debounce time.
  • the advantages are achieved by using or having means which, after the internal combustion engine has been switched off, apply a torque to a shaft, for example the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, which leads to the crankshaft rotating up to a desired predeterminable position, which is a preferred position for the shutdown. This position is then maintained until the internal combustion engine is switched on again.
  • a position is selected as the preferred position in which the reference mark runs past the sensor when its output signals can be evaluated after the start and possibly also after a debouncing time has elapsed.
  • the means mentioned can be designed as an active adjusting device and, for example, by the starter or
  • Starter generator are initiated.
  • These means can also include an additional electric motor that acts on the crankshaft, this applies in particular to hybrid vehicles.
  • Another possibility for these means is a servomotor. Further advantages are achieved by the measures specified in the subclaims.
  • Means for example, designed so that special ignition and injection pulses are emitted, which lead to burns in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which in turn generate just enough torque that the internal combustion engine moves into the desired position.
  • the means which bring the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine into the preferred position when it is switched off comprise a gas exchange valve actuation which, with suitable actuation, can produce a torque on the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a starter arrangement 10 for an internal combustion engine 11.
  • the starter arrangement 10 includes an electric drive system 12, which can apply a torque to a crankshaft 13 in a controlled manner, particularly during the start or when or after the internal combustion engine 11 is switched off.
  • the electrical drive system 12 comprises an electrical machine 14 which, via a shaft 15 with a clutch 16 Connection is established. It would also be possible for the connection between the shaft 15 and the electrical machine 14 to be established via a transmission 17.
  • the electrical machine 14 can be decoupled from the shaft 15 and, if desired, also as
  • the electric drive system 12 can be designed, for example, as a starter.
  • the flywheel is brought to a high speed by the electric machine 14 before a
  • this further comprises a
  • Powertrain control 18 The powertrain control 18 is equipped with means for reading in and evaluating the operating parameters of the individual components. A selection of the operating parameters to be evaluated is made in a manner that will be explained in more detail below.
  • Powertrain control 18 is, for example, the control device of the internal combustion engine, which controls the internal combustion engine in a known manner by controlling ignition and injection means, or a corresponding processor or computer.
  • encoder wheels are connected to the two shafts in a conventional manner; these encoder wheels have a special surface characteristic that is scanned with the aid of fixed sensors.
  • the crankshaft sensor wheel has 60-2 teeth, the two missing teeth being the reference mark.
  • the camshaft sensor wheel has for example a number of angle marks depending on the number of cylinders or just one angle mark.
  • the output signals of these sensors are fed to the drive train control 18 via the connection 19 and evaluated in the drive train control 18 to determine the angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft and for synchronization, i.e. to determine the exact engine position or the internal combustion engine and thus to determine the position of the individual cylinders.
  • the drive train control 18 feeds the control signals required for operation to the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the components of an internal combustion engine that are necessary for understanding the invention.
  • 21 denotes a sensor wheel which is rigidly connected to the crankshaft 13 of the internal combustion engine and has a plurality of teeth or angle marks 22 of the same type on its surface.
  • a reference mark 23 is provided, which is realized, for example, by two missing angle marks.
  • a second sensor wheel 24 is connected to the camshaft 25 of the internal combustion engine and has on its periphery one or more segments 26 with which the phase position of the internal combustion engine is determined or the position of the crankshaft in relation to the camshaft is determined.
  • the connection between crankshaft and camshaft, which rotates the camshaft at half the crankshaft speed, is symbolized by 27.
  • the exact design of the two encoder wheels is only an example specified and can be adapted to specific requirements.
  • the two rotating encoder wheels 21, 24 are, for example, of suitable fixed transducers 28, 29
  • Inductive sensors scanned. From the chronological sequence of the signals or pulses SI, S2 supplied by the pickups 28 and 29, a clear statement about the position of the crankshaft 13 and camshaft 25 can be obtained, and corresponding control signals A for the control device or the drive train control 18 can be obtained Ignition and / or injection can be calculated.
  • the preferred run-out position i.e. the angular position in which the crankshaft 13 comes to a standstill after the internal combustion engine has been switched off chosen that the reference mark 23 as soon as possible after the
  • Recommissioning passed the transducer 28.
  • a certain debounce time which may be necessary, is taken into account.
  • the debounce time is the time it takes for the transducer to deliver an evaluable output signal.
  • the exact position of the parking position is thus selected so that after the start of the internal combustion engine and thus after the crankshaft and the encoder wheel 21 have started to rotate, after an angle rotation that is as small as possible and thus for a particularly short time, an output signal of the sensor 28 that is characteristic of the occurrence of the reference mark is obtained , which is then used in the control unit or the drive train control 18.
  • a method according to the invention the aim of which is to position the internal combustion engine or engine when it is switched off in such a way that when it is started immediately after the crankshaft signal has been debounced, i.e. immediately after receipt an evaluable crankshaft signal on a time and angle basis, the reference mark for verification of the current angular position is present.
  • the calculation and / or output of injection and / or ignition signals can begin before the sensor signals are present in the control unit. As soon as the angle signals from the crankshaft encoder are available, they can then also be taken into account for the output of angle events (ignition and injection).
  • crankshaft 13 of the internal combustion engine is specifically turned into a desired one when it is switched off
  • Crankshaft sensor wheel when the internal combustion engine restarts passes the sensor or sensor 28 as far as possible, if this provides an evaluable signal, for example after the debounce time, or if the angular velocity of the crankshaft 13 is so high that the voltage induced in the sensor 28 is sufficient for evaluation.
  • the starting process can then be reproducible with a defined period of time that is shorter than the average starting time of conventional standard methods.
  • the controlled shutdown of the internal combustion engine in a defined angular position can be carried out according to various methods, for example with the inclusion of an active adjustment device according to an active adjustment method or with the aid of a passive braking and shutdown device.
  • adjustment or parting devices are:
  • the engine In the after-running of the internal combustion engine, the engine is stopped after the regular injection has ended.
  • the adjusting device is then actively controlled and moves the internal combustion engine or the
  • Method A thus works by means of an active adjusting device, for example by means of an electric motor or by means of the starter which can be activated and which is controlled in such a way that it does applies the torque required to adjust the crankshaft.
  • Method B also works by means of an active adjusting device.
  • the adjusting device takes over or guides the rotary movement of the internal combustion engine or the engine even before it comes to a standstill.
  • the adjusting device moves the motor into the desired angular position specified by the engine control unit and brings it to a standstill there.
  • This method works by means of ignition and injection in the internal combustion engine, for example in the gasoline engine. Whenever, afterwards, the observation of the angle signals, i.e. by evaluating the tooth periods on the crankshaft sensor wheel, indicates that the engine will come to a standstill after a defined angle and the then coming out position is not the desired one.
  • This procedure is carried out in two ways. In order to bring the engine forward in the direction of the desired position, the injection is carried out slightly before the compression stroke and ignited in the vicinity of the ignition top dead center (ZOT). As a result, the shaft of the internal combustion engine rotates forward at a low speed. If necessary, this process is repeated if the control unit recognizes that the desired position has not yet been reached.
  • ZOT ignition top dead center
  • the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is just before the desired position
  • a small amount of fuel is injected before the compression stroke and ignited before the ignition TDC.
  • the point in time or the angular position of the ignition is selected such that the piston moving upward and thus the internal combustion engine or the motor is braked in its movement.
  • the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine or the engine comes to a stop at the desired angular position. This position is then maintained and serves as the starting point for calculating the ignition and injection signals after the internal combustion engine is switched on again.
  • the shutdown device uses the remaining rotary movement of the internal combustion engine shafts and influences them in such a way that the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine comes to a standstill in the desired angular position specified by the control unit.
  • the internal combustion engine can be specifically switched off so that in the next starting process the internal combustion engine is synchronized, i.e. the crank is assigned to the camshaft using the reference mark, provided that the engine position is subsequently adjusted, e.g. by pushing etc. was not changed.
  • the injections and the correct ignition can always be started after a predeterminable time which is faster than in the case of known solutions, which significantly shortens the starting process of the internal combustion engine.
  • Method B also has the advantage that the position of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine or of the engine is known immediately after activating terminal 15 (actuation of the ignition switch), provided the engine position has not been changed, for example by pushing, etc.

Abstract

A device or a method for the controlled switching off of an internal combustion engine is described, whereby, after the switching off and during the run-down phase of the internal combustion engine, a particular angular position for the crankshaft and/or camshaft is run up to, by means of active or passive intervention. Said angle corresponds to a defined angle which may be preset. The preferred position is stored and is available for a restart, as the correct angular position, such that, directly after a recognized start command, cylinder-specific fuel injection and ignition can be initiated. The applied regulating or stopping devices, which permit the angle adjustment and the running up to a desired switch-off position and the corresponding methods, can take various forms and have a passive or active effect. The above comprise, for example, the starter or starter/generator, an electric motor, in particular for hybrid vehicles, an additional positioning motor, or the application of particular ignition and injection impulses, which cause additional combustions or by means of gas transfer valve control.

Description

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer BrennkraftmaschineDevice and method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen der beiden unabhängigen Ansprüche.The invention relates to a device and a method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine with the features of the two independent claims.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Beim Einschalten einer Brennkraftmaschine mit elektronisch geregelter Zündung und/oder Einspritzung besteht das Problem, dass die tatsachlich vorliegende Lage der Brennkraftmaschine, also die Winkellage der Kurbel- und der Nockenwelle und damit die Zylinderstellung zunächst nicht bekannt sind. Erst nachdem sich die Wellen der Brennkraftmaschine drehen liefern die zugeordneten Sensoren, die mit den Wellen verbundene Geberrader abtasten, auswertbare Ausgangssignale, aus denen die momentane Winkelstellung der Kurbel- und der Nockenwelle ermittelt werden kann. Erst wenn bestimmte motorspezifische Bedingungen erfüllt sind und die Bezugsmarke des Kurbelwellengeberrades erkannt ist, kann eine Synchronisation erfolgen, bei der die korrekte Winkelstellung von Kurbel- und Nockenwelle erkannt wird und bei der damit auch die korrekten Zylinderstellungen bekannt sind. Damit bereits unmittelbar nach der Inbetriebnahme der Brennkraftmaschine dem Steuergerat die korrekte Winkelinformation vorliegt, wird in der DE-OS 42 30 616 vorgeschlagen, bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eine sogenannte Auslauferkennung durchzufuhren, bei der die beim Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. des Motors registrierte Winkellage der Kurbel- und der Nockenwelle in einem Speicher im Steuergerat abgespeichert wird. Nach der Wiederinbetriebnahme sind dem Steuergerat somit die korrekten Winkellagen bekannt und es können somit sofort die richtigen Zund- und Einspritzsignale ausgegeben werden und die Brennkraftmaschine wird gleich korrekt betrieben. Die Auslauferkennung kann jedoch zu Problemen fuhren, wenn die letzten von den Winkelsensoren gelieferten Signale, die bei kleiner Drehzahl normalerweise ebenfalls sehr klein sind, durch Störungen verfälscht werden. Weitere Probleme können auftreten, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine bzw. der Motor nach dem Abschalten zuruckpendelt und damit nicht die korrekte Abstellposition abgespeichert wird.When an internal combustion engine with electronically controlled ignition and / or injection is switched on, there is the problem that the actual position of the internal combustion engine, that is to say the angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft, and thus the cylinder position, are initially unknown. Only after the shafts of the internal combustion engine rotate do the assigned sensors, which scan the sensor wheels connected to the shafts, provide evaluable output signals from which the current angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft can be determined. Only when certain engine-specific conditions are met and the reference mark of the crankshaft encoder wheel is recognized, can a synchronization take place in which the correct angular position of the crankshaft and camshaft is recognized and in which the correct cylinder positions are also known. So that the control device has the correct angle information immediately after the internal combustion engine has been started up, DE-OS 42 30 616 proposes to carry out a so-called run-out detection in an internal combustion engine, in which the angular position of the crank registered when the internal combustion engine or the engine is switched off. and the camshaft is stored in a memory in the control device. After recommissioning, the control device knows the correct angular positions and the correct ignition and injection signals can be output immediately and the internal combustion engine is operated correctly. However, the run-out detection can lead to problems if the last signals supplied by the angle sensors, which are usually also very small at low speed, are distorted by interference. Further problems can occur if the internal combustion engine or the motor swings back after being switched off and the correct parking position is therefore not saved.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung und das erfindungsgemaße Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einerThe device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for the controlled parking of a
Brennkraftmaschine hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass die tatsachliche Abstellposition und somit die zugehörige Winkellage der Kurbel- und der Nockenwelle und damit die Zylinderstellungen sehr genau bekannt sind. In vorteilhafter Weise sind die Abstellpositionen Vorzugspositionen, die als Abstellposition angefahren werden können. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, dass die Abstellposition mit großer Sicherheit auch die Position beim Wiedereinschalten ist, so dass unmittelbar nach dem Wiedereinschalten der Brennkraftmaschine zylinderindividuelle Ansteuersignale für die Zündung und Einspritzung abgegeben werden können, sobald die ersten Signale der Winkelsensoren vom Steuergerat ausgewertet werden können, gegebenenfalls nach Abwarten einer einer Entprellzeit . Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass die Bezugsmarke bereits kurz nach der Entprellzeit erkannt werden kann.In contrast, the internal combustion engine has the advantage that the actual shut-off position and thus the associated angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft and thus the cylinder positions are known very precisely. The parking positions are advantageously preferred positions which can be approached as parking positions. In this case, it is advantageous that the parking position is also, with great certainty, the position when it is switched on again, so that immediately after the internal combustion engine is switched on again, individual control signals for the ignition and injection can be given as soon as the first signals from the angle sensors can be evaluated by the control unit, if necessary after waiting for a debounce time. It is particularly advantageous that the reference mark can be recognized shortly after the debounce time.
Es ist prinzipiell auch möglich, mit der Berechnug der Ansteuersignale bereits zu beginnen, bevor die ersten Signale der Winkelsensoren vorliegen. Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung und Absolutwinkelsensoren ist es dann sogar möglich, aus dem Stillstand zu starten, ohne dass ein Starter benotigt wird.In principle, it is also possible to start calculating the control signals before the first signals from the angle sensors are available. In the case of an internal combustion engine with direct injection and absolute angle sensors, it is then even possible to start from standstill without the need for a starter.
Erzielt werden die Vorteile indem Mittel eingesetzt werden oder vorhanden sind, die nach dem Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine auf eine Welle, beispielsweise die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine ein Drehmoment aufbringen, das dazu fuhrt, dass sich die Kurbelwelle bis zu einer gewünschten vorgebbaren Position dreht, die einer Vorzugsposition für die Abstellung entspricht. Diese Position wird dann bis zum Wiedereinschalten der Brennkraftmaschine beibehalten. Als Vorzugsposition wird dabei eine Position gewählt, bei der die Bezugsmarke gerade dann am Sensor vorbeilauft, wenn dessen Ausgangssignale nach dem Start und gegebenenfalls auch noch nach Ablauf einer Entprellzeit, auswertbar werden.The advantages are achieved by using or having means which, after the internal combustion engine has been switched off, apply a torque to a shaft, for example the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, which leads to the crankshaft rotating up to a desired predeterminable position, which is a preferred position for the shutdown. This position is then maintained until the internal combustion engine is switched on again. A position is selected as the preferred position in which the reference mark runs past the sensor when its output signals can be evaluated after the start and possibly also after a debouncing time has elapsed.
Die genannten Mittel können als aktive VerStelleinrichtung ausgebildet sein und beispielsweise vom Starter oderThe means mentioned can be designed as an active adjusting device and, for example, by the starter or
Startergenerator initiiert werden. Diese Mittel können auch einen zusatzlichen Elektromotor umfassen, der auf die Kurbelwelle wirkt, dies betrifft insbesonders Hybridfahrzeuge. Eine weitere Möglichkeit für diese Mittel ist ein Stellmotor. Weitere Vorteile werden durch die in den Unteranspruchen angegebenen Maßnahmen erzielt.Starter generator are initiated. These means can also include an additional electric motor that acts on the crankshaft, this applies in particular to hybrid vehicles. Another possibility for these means is a servomotor. Further advantages are achieved by the measures specified in the subclaims.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind dieseIn a further advantageous embodiment, these are
Mittel beispielsweise so ausgestaltet, dass spezielle Zund- und Einspritzimpulse abgegeben werden, die zu Verbrennungen in den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine fuhren die ihrerseits gerade so viel Drehmoment erzeugen, dass sich die Brennkraftmaschine in die gewünschte Position bewegt.Means, for example, designed so that special ignition and injection pulses are emitted, which lead to burns in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which in turn generate just enough torque that the internal combustion engine moves into the desired position.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfassen die Mittel, die die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine beim Abstellen in die Vorzugsposition bringen, eine Gaswechselventilansteuerung, die bei geeigneter Ansteuerung ein Moment auf die Brennkraftmaschine hervorrufen können.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the means which bring the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine into the preferred position when it is switched off comprise a gas exchange valve actuation which, with suitable actuation, can produce a torque on the internal combustion engine.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausfuhrungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung naher erläutert .An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description.
Beschreibungdescription
In Figur 1 ist eine schematische Darstellung einer Starteranordnung 10 für eine Brennkraftmaschine 11 angegeben. Die Starteranordnung 10 beinhaltet ein elektrisches Antriebssystem 12, das eine Kurbelwelle 13 insbesonders wahrend des Starts oder beim bzw. nach dem Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine 11 gesteuert mit einem Drehmoment beaufschlagen kann. Dazu ist vorgesehen, dass das elektrische Antriebssystem 12 eine elektrische Maschine 14 umfaßt, die über eine Welle 15 mit einer Kupplung 16 in Verbindung steht. Möglich wäre auch, dass die Verbindung zwischen der Welle 15 und der elektrischen Maschine 14 über ein Getriebe 17 hergestellt wird. Gemäß dem vorgestellten Ausfuhrungsbeispiel ist die elektrische Maschine 14 von der Welle 15 entkoppelbar und kann, sofern gewünscht auch alsFIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a starter arrangement 10 for an internal combustion engine 11. The starter arrangement 10 includes an electric drive system 12, which can apply a torque to a crankshaft 13 in a controlled manner, particularly during the start or when or after the internal combustion engine 11 is switched off. For this purpose, it is provided that the electrical drive system 12 comprises an electrical machine 14 which, via a shaft 15 with a clutch 16 Connection is established. It would also be possible for the connection between the shaft 15 and the electrical machine 14 to be established via a transmission 17. According to the exemplary embodiment presented, the electrical machine 14 can be decoupled from the shaft 15 and, if desired, also as
Generator betrieben werden, beispielsweise bei einem System mit Startergenerator. Das elektrische Antriebssystem 12 kann beispielsweise als Schwungkraftanlasser ausgelegt sein. In diesem Fall wird durch die elektrische Maschine 14 eine Schwungmasse auf eine hohe Drehzahl gebracht, ehe einGenerator operated, for example in a system with a starter generator. The electric drive system 12 can be designed, for example, as a starter. In this case, the flywheel is brought to a high speed by the electric machine 14 before a
Kraftschluß mittels der Kupplung 16 zwischen der Kurbelwelle 13 und der Welle 15 erfolgt.Force connection by means of the clutch 16 between the crankshaft 13 and the shaft 15.
Zur Koordination der einzelnen Komponente der Starteranordnung 10 umfaßt diese ferner eineTo coordinate the individual components of the starter arrangement 10, this further comprises a
Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18. Die Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 ist mit Mitteln zum Einlesen und Bewerten der Betriebsparamter der einzelnen Komponenten ausgestattet. Eine Auswahl der zu bewertenden Betriebsparameter erfolgt in noch naher zu erläuternder Weise. DiePowertrain control 18. The powertrain control 18 is equipped with means for reading in and evaluating the operating parameters of the individual components. A selection of the operating parameters to be evaluated is made in a manner that will be explained in more detail below. The
Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 ist beispielsweise das Steuergerat der Brennkraftmaschine, das in bekannter Weise durch Ansteuerung von Zund- und Einspritzmitteln die Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine durchfuhrt, bzw. ein entsprechender Prozessor oder Rechner.Powertrain control 18 is, for example, the control device of the internal combustion engine, which controls the internal combustion engine in a known manner by controlling ignition and injection means, or a corresponding processor or computer.
Zur Bestimmung der Winkellage der Kurbelwelle 13 der Brennkraftmaschine und der in Figur 1 nicht dargestellten Nockenwelle wahrend des Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine 11 sind in üblicher Weise Geberrader mit den beiden Wellen verbunden, diese Geberrader weisen eine spezielle Oberflachencharakteristik auf, die mit Hilfe feststehender Sensoren abgetastet wird. Das Kurbelwellengeberrad hat beispielsweise 60-2 Zahne, wobei die beiden fehlenden Zahne die Bezugsmarke darstellen. Das Nockenwellengeberrad hat beispielsweise eine von der Zylinderzahl abhangige Anzahl von Winkelmarken oder auch nur eine Winkelmarke.To determine the angular position of the crankshaft 13 of the internal combustion engine and the camshaft (not shown in FIG. 1) during operation of the internal combustion engine 11, encoder wheels are connected to the two shafts in a conventional manner; these encoder wheels have a special surface characteristic that is scanned with the aid of fixed sensors. For example, the crankshaft sensor wheel has 60-2 teeth, the two missing teeth being the reference mark. The camshaft sensor wheel has for example a number of angle marks depending on the number of cylinders or just one angle mark.
Die Ausgangssignale dieser Sensoren werden der Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 über die Verbindung 19 zugeführt und in der Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 ausgewertet zur Ermittlung der Winkelstellung der Kurbel- und der Nockenwelle und zur Synchronisation, d.h. zur Ermittlung der genauen Motorposition bzw. der Brennkraftmaschine und damit zur Ermittlung der Lage der einzelnen Zylinder. Über die Verbindung 20 fuhrt die Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 der Brennkraftmaschine die für den Betrieb erforderlichen Ansteuersignale zu.The output signals of these sensors are fed to the drive train control 18 via the connection 19 and evaluated in the drive train control 18 to determine the angular position of the crankshaft and the camshaft and for synchronization, i.e. to determine the exact engine position or the internal combustion engine and thus to determine the position of the individual cylinders. Via the connection 20, the drive train control 18 feeds the control signals required for operation to the internal combustion engine.
In Figur 2 sind die für das Verständnis der Erfindung erforderlichen Bestandteile einer Brennkraftmaschine beispielhaft dargestellt. Dabei ist mit 21 ein Geberrad bezeichnet, das starr mit der Kurbelwelle 13 der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist und an seiner Oberflache eine Vielzahl gleichartiger Zähne bzw. Winkelmarken 22 aufweist. Neben diesen gleichartigen Winkelmarken 22 ist eine Bezugs- bzw. Referenzmarke 23 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise durch zwei fehlende Winkelmarken realisiert ist.FIG. 2 shows an example of the components of an internal combustion engine that are necessary for understanding the invention. In this case, 21 denotes a sensor wheel which is rigidly connected to the crankshaft 13 of the internal combustion engine and has a plurality of teeth or angle marks 22 of the same type on its surface. In addition to these similar angle marks 22, a reference mark 23 is provided, which is realized, for example, by two missing angle marks.
Ein zweites Geberrad 24 ist mit der Nockenwelle 25 der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden und weist an seinem Umfang ein oder mehrere Segmente 26 auf, mit dem oder denen die Phasenlage der Brennkraftmaschine bestimmt wird, bzw. die Lage der Kurbelwelle bezogen auf die Nockenwelle bestimmt wird. Mit 27 ist die zwischen Kurbel- und Nockenwelle bestehende Verbindung, die die Nockenwelle mit halber Kurbelwellendrehzahl dreht, symbolisiert. Die genaue Ausgestaltung der beiden Geberräder ist nur beispielhaft angegeben und kann an betimmte Erfordernisse angepaßt werden .A second sensor wheel 24 is connected to the camshaft 25 of the internal combustion engine and has on its periphery one or more segments 26 with which the phase position of the internal combustion engine is determined or the position of the crankshaft in relation to the camshaft is determined. The connection between crankshaft and camshaft, which rotates the camshaft at half the crankshaft speed, is symbolized by 27. The exact design of the two encoder wheels is only an example specified and can be adapted to specific requirements.
Die beiden sich drehenden Geberrader 21, 24 werden von passenden feststehenden Aufnehmern 28, 29, beispielsweiseThe two rotating encoder wheels 21, 24 are, for example, of suitable fixed transducers 28, 29
Induktivsensoren, abgetastet. Aus der zeitlichen Abfolge der von den Aufnehmern 28 und 29 gelieferten Signale bzw. Impulse SI, S2 laßt sich eine eindeutige Aussage über die Stellung von Kurbelwelle 13 und Nockenwelle 25 gewinnen, und es können im Steuergerat bzw. der Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 entsprechende Ansteuersignale A für die Zündung und/oder Einspritzung berechnet werden.Inductive sensors, scanned. From the chronological sequence of the signals or pulses SI, S2 supplied by the pickups 28 and 29, a clear statement about the position of the crankshaft 13 and camshaft 25 can be obtained, and corresponding control signals A for the control device or the drive train control 18 can be obtained Ignition and / or injection can be calculated.
Damit möglichst schnell nach dem Einschalten der Brennkraftmaschine eine Information über die Referenz- bzw. Bezugsmarke 23 und damit die Winkellage der Kurbelwelle 13 vorliegt, wird die bevorzugte Auslaufposition, also die Winkellage, in der die Kurbelwelle 13 nach Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine zum Stillstand kommt, so gewählt, dass die Bezugsmarke 23 möglichst bald nach derSo that information about the reference or reference mark 23 and thus the angular position of the crankshaft 13 is available as quickly as possible after the internal combustion engine is switched on, the preferred run-out position, i.e. the angular position in which the crankshaft 13 comes to a standstill after the internal combustion engine has been switched off chosen that the reference mark 23 as soon as possible after the
Wiederinbetriebnahme am Aufnehmer 28 vorbeilauft. Bei der Definition dieser Vorzugslage, in der die Kurbelwelle zur Ruhe kommt, wird dabei eine gewisse Entprellzeit, die erforderlich sein kann, berücksichtigt. Die Entprellzeit ist die Zeit, die benotigt wird, bis der Aufnehmer ein auswertbares Ausgangssignal liefert.Recommissioning passed the transducer 28. When defining this preferred position in which the crankshaft comes to rest, a certain debounce time, which may be necessary, is taken into account. The debounce time is the time it takes for the transducer to deliver an evaluable output signal.
Die exakte Lage der Abstellposition wird also so gewählt, dass nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine und damit nach Drehbeginn der Kurbelwelle und des Geberrades 21 nach einer möglichst kleinen Winkeldrehung und damit einer besonders kurzen Zeit ein für das Auftreten der Bezugsmarke charakteristisches Ausgangssignal des Aufnehmers 28 erhalten wird, das dann im Steuergerat bzw. der Antriebsstrangsteuerung 18 verwertet wird. Mit den in den Figuren dargestellten erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtungen ist es möglich, ein erfindungsgemaßes Verfahren durchzufuhren, dessen Ziel darin besteht, die Brennkraftmaschine bzw. den Motor beim Abstellen so zu positionieren, dass beim darauf folgenden Start unmittelbar nach der Entprellung des Kurbelwellensignales, also unmittelbar nach Erhalt eines auswertbaren Kurbelwellensignales auf Zeit- und Winkelbasis die Bezugsmarke zur Verifizierung der aktuellen Winkelposition anliegt .The exact position of the parking position is thus selected so that after the start of the internal combustion engine and thus after the crankshaft and the encoder wheel 21 have started to rotate, after an angle rotation that is as small as possible and thus for a particularly short time, an output signal of the sensor 28 that is characteristic of the occurrence of the reference mark is obtained , which is then used in the control unit or the drive train control 18. With the devices according to the invention shown in the figures, it is possible to carry out a method according to the invention, the aim of which is to position the internal combustion engine or engine when it is switched off in such a way that when it is started immediately after the crankshaft signal has been debounced, i.e. immediately after receipt an evaluable crankshaft signal on a time and angle basis, the reference mark for verification of the current angular position is present.
In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung kann mit der Berechnung und/oder Ausgabe von Einspritz- und/oder Zundsignalen bereits begonnen werden, bevor die Sensorsignale im Steuergerat vorliegen. Sobald die Winkelsignale des Kurbelwellengebers dann vorliegen, können sie dann auch zur Ausgabe von Winkelereignissen (Zündung und Einspritzung) berücksichtigt werden.In one possible embodiment, the calculation and / or output of injection and / or ignition signals can begin before the sensor signals are present in the control unit. As soon as the angle signals from the crankshaft encoder are available, they can then also be taken into account for the output of angle events (ignition and injection).
Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung (BDE) und Absolutwinkelsensoren, die sofort nach dem Einschalten eine eindeutige Winkelinformation abgeben, kann gegebenenfalls auf einen Startermotor verzichtet werden, da bei bekannter Zylinderlage beim Start noch vor Drehbeginn zylinderrichtig eingespritzt und gezündet werden kann, wodurch ein Drehmoment auf die Kurbelwelle gegeben wird.In the case of an internal combustion engine with direct injection (BDE) and absolute angle sensors, which give a clear angle information immediately after switching on, a starter motor can be omitted if necessary, since if the cylinder position is known, the cylinder can be injected and ignited correctly before the start of rotation, causing a torque on the Crankshaft is given.
Die Kurbelwelle 13 der Brennkraftmaschine wird bei allen Ausfuhrungsformen beim Abstellen gezielt in eine gewünschteIn all embodiments, the crankshaft 13 of the internal combustion engine is specifically turned into a desired one when it is switched off
Lage gebracht. Die gewünschte Lage bzw. der gewünschteSituation. The desired location or the desired
Kurbelwellenwinkel beim Abstellen ist eine Vorzugslage, die gewahrleistet, dass die Bezugsmarke desCrankshaft angle when parking is a preferred position, which ensures that the reference mark of the
Kurbelwellengeberrades beim Neustart der Brennkraftmaschine möglichst gerade dann den Sensor bzw. Aufnehmer 28 passiert, wenn dieser ein auswertbares Signal liefert, z.B. nach der Entprellzeit, bzw. wenn die Winkelgeschwindigket der Kurbelwelle 13 so hoch ist dass die im Aufnehmer 28 induzierte Spannung zur Auswertung ausreicht. Der Startvorgang kann dann mit einer definierten Zeitdauer reproduzierbar sein, die kurzer ist als die durchschnittliche Startzeit herkömmlicher Standardverfahren.Crankshaft sensor wheel when the internal combustion engine restarts passes the sensor or sensor 28 as far as possible, if this provides an evaluable signal, for example after the debounce time, or if the angular velocity of the crankshaft 13 is so high that the voltage induced in the sensor 28 is sufficient for evaluation. The starting process can then be reproducible with a defined period of time that is shorter than the average starting time of conventional standard methods.
Das kontrollierte Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine in einer definierten Winkelposition kann nach verschiedenen Verfahren erfolgen, beispielsweise unter Einbindung einer aktiven VerStelleinrichtung nach einer aktiven Verstellmethode oder mit Hilfe einer passiven Brems- und AbStelleinrichtung. Beispiele für Verstell- oder Absteileinrichtungen sind:The controlled shutdown of the internal combustion engine in a defined angular position can be carried out according to various methods, for example with the inclusion of an active adjustment device according to an active adjustment method or with the aid of a passive braking and shutdown device. Examples of adjustment or parting devices are:
1. Startergenerator,1. starter generator,
2. ein Elektromotor, insbesonders bei einem Hybridfahrzeug,2. an electric motor, especially in a hybrid vehicle,
3. ein Stellmotor,3. an actuator,
4. spezielle Zund- und Einspritzimpulse, 5. eine geeignete Gaswechselventilsteuerung.4. special ignition and injection pulses, 5. a suitable gas exchange valve control.
Die durchzuführenden Verfahren lassen sich wie folgt unterteilen:The procedures to be performed can be divided as follows:
Verfahren A mittels aktiver Versteileinrichtung:Method A using an active adjusting device:
Im Nachlauf der Brennkraftmaschine wird nach dem Beenden der regulären Einspritzung der Stillstand des Motors abgewartet. Danach wird die Versteileinrichtung aktiv angesteuert und bewegt die Brennkraftmaschine bzw. dieIn the after-running of the internal combustion engine, the engine is stopped after the regular injection has ended. The adjusting device is then actively controlled and moves the internal combustion engine or the
Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine in die vom Steuergerat vorgegebene gewünschte Winkelposition. Das Verfahren A arbeitet also mittels aktiver Versteileinrichtung, beispielsweise mittels eines Elektromotors oder Mittels des zuschaltbaren Starters, der so angesteuert wird, dass er das für die Verstellung der Kurbelwelle benotigte Drehmoment aufbringt .Crankshaft of the internal combustion engine in the desired angular position specified by the control unit. Method A thus works by means of an active adjusting device, for example by means of an electric motor or by means of the starter which can be activated and which is controlled in such a way that it does applies the torque required to adjust the crankshaft.
Verfahren B mittels aktiver Versteileinrichtung:Method B using an active adjusting device:
Das Verfahren B arbeitet ebenfalls mittels aktiver Versteileinrichtung. Im Nachlauf übernimmt oder fuhrt nach dem Beenden der Einspritzung die VerStelleinrichtung die Drehbewegung der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. des Motors noch bevor dieser zum Stillstand kommt. Die Versteileinrichtung bewegt den Motor dabei in die vom Motorsteuergerat vorgegebene gewünschte Winkelposition und bringt ihn dort zum Stillstand.Method B also works by means of an active adjusting device. In the wake, after the injection has ended, the adjusting device takes over or guides the rotary movement of the internal combustion engine or the engine even before it comes to a standstill. The adjusting device moves the motor into the desired angular position specified by the engine control unit and brings it to a standstill there.
Verfahren C mittels Zündung und Einspritzung:Method C using ignition and injection:
Dieses Verfahren arbeitet mittels Zündung und Einspritzung bei der Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise beim Ottomotor. Immer dann, wenn im Nachlauf durch die Beobachtung der Winkelsignale, also durch Auswertung der Zahnperioden auf dem Kurbelwellengeberrad absehbar wird, dass der Motor nach einem definierten Winkel zum Stehen kommen wird und die dann anstehende Auslaufposition nicht die gewünschte ist, wird eingegriffen. Dieser Eingriff erfolgt nach zwei Verfahren. Um den Motor in Richtung der gewünschten Position vorwärts zu bringen, wird vor dem Verdichtungstakt geringfügig so eingespritzt und in der Nahe des Zundungs-Oberen-Totpunktes (ZOT) gezündet. Dadurch dreht sich die Welle der Brennkraftmaschine mit einer geringen Geschwindigkeit vorwärts. Gegebenenfalls wird dieser Vorgang wiederholt, sofern vom Steuergerat erkannt wird, dass die gewünschte Position noch nicht erreicht ist. Dadurch wird die Kurbelwelle so lange gedreht, bis sie in der gewünschten Winkelposition ist. Wird von der Antriebssteuerung 18, also beispielsweise vom Steuergerat erkannt, dass sich die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine kurz vor der gewünschten Position befindet, wird vor dem Verdichtungstakt eine geringe Kraftstoffmenge eingespritzt und vor dem Zundungs-OT gezündet. Der Zeitpunkt bzw. die Winkelposition der Zündung wird so ausgewählt, dass der sich aufwartsbewegende Kolben und damit die Brennkraftmaschine bzw. der Motor in seiner Bewegung gebremst wird. Nach einem möglichen Ruckdreher kommt die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. des Motors an der gewünschten Winkelposition zum Stehen. Diese Position wird dann beibehalten und dient als Ausgangspunkt für die Berechnung der Zund- und Einspritzsignale nach dem Wiedereinschalten der Brennkraftmaschine.This method works by means of ignition and injection in the internal combustion engine, for example in the gasoline engine. Whenever, afterwards, the observation of the angle signals, i.e. by evaluating the tooth periods on the crankshaft sensor wheel, indicates that the engine will come to a standstill after a defined angle and the then coming out position is not the desired one. This procedure is carried out in two ways. In order to bring the engine forward in the direction of the desired position, the injection is carried out slightly before the compression stroke and ignited in the vicinity of the ignition top dead center (ZOT). As a result, the shaft of the internal combustion engine rotates forward at a low speed. If necessary, this process is repeated if the control unit recognizes that the desired position has not yet been reached. This rotates the crankshaft until it is in the desired angular position. If the drive control 18, that is to say, for example, the control device, recognizes that the Crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is just before the desired position, a small amount of fuel is injected before the compression stroke and ignited before the ignition TDC. The point in time or the angular position of the ignition is selected such that the piston moving upward and thus the internal combustion engine or the motor is braked in its movement. After a possible jerk, the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine or the engine comes to a stop at the desired angular position. This position is then maintained and serves as the starting point for calculating the ignition and injection signals after the internal combustion engine is switched on again.
Verfahren D mittels passiver Abstelleirichtung :Method D by means of passive storage:
Dieses Verfahren arbeitet mit Hilfe einer passiven Absteileinrichtung. Die AbStelleinrichtung nutzt im Nachlauf der Brennkraftmaschine, nach dem Beenden der Einspritzung die restliche Drehbewegung der Wellen der Brennkraftmaschine aus und beeinflußt diese so, dass die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine in der vom Steuergerat vorgegebenen gewünschten Winkelposition zum Stillstand kommt.This process works with the help of a passive cutting device. In the wake of the internal combustion engine, after the end of the injection, the shutdown device uses the remaining rotary movement of the internal combustion engine shafts and influences them in such a way that the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine comes to a standstill in the desired angular position specified by the control unit.
Mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren sowie einer zugehörigen Vorrichtung zur Durchfuhrung der Verfahren kann die Brennkraftmaschine gezielt so abgestellt werden, dass im nächsten Startvorgang die Synchronisation der Brennkraftmaschine, also die Zuordnung von Kurbel zur Nockenwelle anhand der Bezugsmarke sofort erfolgen, sofern nachtraglich die Motorposition z.B. durch Anschiebung usw. nicht verändert wurde. Somit kann immer nach einer vorherbestimmbaren Zeit die schneller ist als bei bekannten Losungen mit den Einspritzungen und mit der korrekten Zündung begonnen werden, wodurch sich der Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine deutlich verkürzt. Wird bei diesen Verfahren auf ohnehin im System vorhandene Versteileinrichtungen zurückgegriffen, wird keine zusatzliche Hardware benotigt. Das Verfahren B hat weiterhin den Vorteil, dass die Position der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. des Motors sofern nachtraglich die Motorposition z.B. durch Anschieben usw. nicht verändert wurde, sofort nach Aktivieren von Klemme Kl. 15 (Betatigen des Zundschalters) bekannt ist.With the above-described methods and an associated device for carrying out the methods, the internal combustion engine can be specifically switched off so that in the next starting process the internal combustion engine is synchronized, i.e. the crank is assigned to the camshaft using the reference mark, provided that the engine position is subsequently adjusted, e.g. by pushing etc. was not changed. Thus, the injections and the correct ignition can always be started after a predeterminable time which is faster than in the case of known solutions, which significantly shortens the starting process of the internal combustion engine. Will with these If additional adjustment devices are used in the system, no additional hardware is required. Method B also has the advantage that the position of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine or of the engine is known immediately after activating terminal 15 (actuation of the ignition switch), provided the engine position has not been changed, for example by pushing, etc.
Denkbar wäre auch, vor jedem Start zu überprüfen, ob die Vorzugsposition noch vorhanden ist, wobei dies beispielsweise mit einem Endschalter erfolgen konnte, sofern immer in derselben Motorposition abgestellt wird. Auch beim Einsatz von Absolutwinkelsensoren kann eine solche Überprüfung stattfinden.It would also be conceivable to check whether the preferred position is still present before each start, whereby this could be done with a limit switch, for example, provided that the engine position is always the same. Such a check can also take place when using absolute angle sensors.
In einer Erweiterung der beschriebenen Verfahren kann bei einem Einsatz entsprechender Erkennungsmittel beim Einschalten der Brennkraftmaschine zunächst überprüft werden, ob die abgespeicherte Vorzugsposition tatsachlich noch vorliegt oder ob eine sich z.B. durch Verschieben des Fahrzeugs verursachte andere Position vorliegt. Abhangig von dieser Überprüfung können dann geeignete Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden und gegebenenfalls die Lage der Einspritzungen und Zündungen verändert werden. Auch ein aktives Anfahren der Vorzugsposition vor dem eigentlichen Startvorgang konnte in einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung durch Aufbringung eines Drehmoments auf die Kurbelwelle vorgesehen werden. In an extension of the methods described, when using appropriate detection means when the internal combustion engine is switched on, it can first be checked whether the stored preferred position is actually still present or whether a other position caused by moving the vehicle. Depending on this check, suitable measures can then be initiated and, if necessary, the position of the injections and ignitions can be changed. An active approach to the preferred position before the actual starting process could also be provided in a further embodiment of the invention by applying a torque to the crankshaft.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Versteileinrichtung aktivierbar ist, die nach Beendigung des regulären Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine angesteuert wird und die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder die Nockenwelle der1. Device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that at least one adjusting device can be activated, which is activated after the normal operation of the internal combustion engine has ended, and the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and / or the camshaft
Brennkraftmaschine in eine vorgebbare Winkelstellung bewegt .Internal combustion engine moved into a predetermined angular position.
2. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteileinrichtung eine aktive Versteileinrichtung ist, die ein vorgebbares Drehmoment auf die Kurbelwelle bringt und diese dadurch in die gewünschte Winkelstellung bewegt.2. Device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device is an active adjusting device which brings a predeterminable torque to the crankshaft and thereby moves it into the desired angular position.
3. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die VerStelleinrichtung eine passive Absteileinrichtung ist, die die im Nachlauf der Brennkraftmaschine noch vorhandene Drehbewegung ausnutzt und diese so beeinflußt, dass die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine in der von der Steuereinrichtung vorgegebenen gewünschten Winkelposition zum Stillstand kommt. 3. Device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device is a passive dividing device which takes advantage of the rotary motion still present in the wake of the internal combustion engine and influences it in such a way that the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine in the by the control device predetermined desired angular position comes to a standstill.
4. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aktive Versteileinrichtung wenigstens den Starter der Brennkraftmaschine oder den Starter/Generator oder einen zusatzlichen Elektromotor umfaßt.4. Device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active adjusting device comprises at least the starter of the internal combustion engine or the starter / generator or an additional electric motor.
5. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aktive5. The device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the active
Versteileinrichtung Mittel umfaßt, die die Einspritzung und die Zündung nach Beendigung des regulären Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine in vorgebbarer Weise aktivieren und Verbrennungsvorgange in den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine initiieren, die ein vorgebbaresAdjustment device comprises means which activate the injection and the ignition after the regular operation of the internal combustion engine has ended and initiate combustion processes in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine which have a predetermined one
Drehmoment auf die Kurbelwelle bewirken.Apply torque to the crankshaft.
6. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Verdichtungstakt geringfügig so eingespritzt und in der Nahe des Zundungs-OT gezündet wird, dass sich die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine mit einer geringen Geschwindigkeit vorwärts dreht, wobei dieser Vorgang so lange wiederholt wird, bis die Kurbelwelle in der gewünschten Winkellage ist.6. The device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that before the compression stroke is injected slightly and ignited in the vicinity of the ignition TDC so that the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine rotates forward at a low speed, this The process is repeated until the crankshaft is in the desired angular position.
7. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sofern sich die Kurbelwelle kurz vor der gewünschten Winkellage befindet vor dem7. The device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that if the crankshaft is just before the desired angular position before
Verdichtungstakt eine geringe Menge Kraftstoff eingespritzt wird und vor dem Zundungs-OT gezündet wird, wodurch sich die Kolbenbewegung und damit die Bewegung der Kurbelwelle verringert. Compression stroke a small amount of fuel is injected and ignited before the ignition TDC, which reduces the piston movement and thus the movement of the crankshaft.
8. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgebbare Winkelstellung für die Kurbelwelle so gewählt wird, dass die Bezugsmarke nach Wiedereinschalten möglichst bald am8. The device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predeterminable angular position for the crankshaft is selected such that the reference mark as soon as possible after being switched on again
Kurbelwellenaufnehmer vorbeilauft .Crankshaft sensor passed.
9. Vorrichtung oder Verfahren zum kontrollierten Abstellen einer Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgebbare9. The device or method for the controlled shutdown of an internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined
Winkelstellung für die Kurbelwelle so gewählt wird, dass die Bezugsmarke nach Wiedereinschalten gerade dann am Kurbelwellenaufnehmer vorbeilauft, wenn die Drehgeschwindugkeit der Kurbelwelle so hoch ist, dass der Kurbelwellenaufnehmer ein auswertbares Signal abgeben kann. Angular position for the crankshaft is selected so that the reference mark runs past the crankshaft pickup when it is switched on again when the rotational speed of the crankshaft is so high that the crankshaft pickup can emit an evaluable signal.
EP00989783A 1999-12-28 2000-11-22 Device and method for the controlled switching off of an internal combustion engine Withdrawn EP1159527A1 (en)

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DE19963356 1999-12-28
DE19963356 1999-12-28
PCT/DE2000/004118 WO2001048373A1 (en) 1999-12-28 2000-11-22 Device and method for the controlled switching off of an internal combustion engine

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EP1113169A1 (en) 2001-07-04
JP2001225674A (en) 2001-08-21
JP2003518585A (en) 2003-06-10
EP1113169B1 (en) 2005-11-16
JP4480886B2 (en) 2010-06-16
DE10030001A1 (en) 2001-07-12
DE50011629D1 (en) 2005-12-22
DE10030000A1 (en) 2001-07-05
WO2001048373A1 (en) 2001-07-05

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