EP1154882A1

EP1154882A1 - Interchangeable or fixed cutting insert system for clipping head in an electric clipper for trimming hairs or hair

Info

Publication number: EP1154882A1
Application number: EP00906405A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean Marc Brun
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Brun Jean-Marc
Priority date: 1999-02-19
Filing date: 2000-02-16
Publication date: 2001-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2020-02-16
Also published as: EP1154882B1; ATE258485T1; FR2789928A1; DE60007964D1; WO2000048795A1; FR2789928B1

Abstract

The invention concerns an interchangeable or fixed clipping insert (1 and 2) made of highly cutting steel avoiding the need for re-sharpening the clipping heads for trimming hairs or hair. Said inserts are positioned by centring members such as pins or studs (6) or centring housings (3) on the base comb (7) and the upper comb (8) of the clipping head made of stainless steel materials for promoting hygiene. Said clipping inserts are thus positioned instead of sharpening allowance traditionally provided by manufacturers and depending on particular embodiments the entire set of teeth of the clipping head is made up solely by the insert.

Description

INTERCHANGEABLE OR CUTTING INSERT SYSTEM

MOUNTED FOR ELECTRIC MOWER MOWER HEAD

FOR SHELLING HAIR OR HAIR

The invention relates to the technical sector of electric clippers, for shearing hair or the like, on human beings, including hairdressing or in hospitals, or animals, including in veterinary use, grooming, or similar.

Electric mowers of this type are provided with mowing heads generally comprising a fixed sole called a “comb” (7), and a moving part or counter comb (8), carrying cutting teeth, and mounted so as to oscillate. under the electric motor of the mower. As is known, the hair or the hair is caught between the two systems of teeth of the comb and the counter comb and is cut by this means.

Various systems are known in this field such as:

EP 0 707 926 hair cutter with disposable blade unit.

WO 94/27792 safety means for preventing the installation of cutting heads on unsuitable mower bodies.

WO 97/40967 mowing head with diverging rows of teeth.

WO 89/02351 trimmer comb coated with titanium nitride.

WO 95/28258 knife for mowing head.

EP 0 447 131 mowing head removable from the handle of the mower.

FR 2 398584 hair clipper, the teeth of which have a system of notches for cutting all the hair which has entered it. FR 2 620 643 Mower for animals, in particular sheep, whose teeth are of cross section of particular isosceles shape.

WO 95/01244 Rotary cutting device.

Numerous electric mowing devices are therefore known comprising a comb head and a comb comb with a relative reciprocating movement.

One of the major problems is the resharpening of teeth. The materials and techniques are still poorly adapted to date and only re-sharpeners who have developed specific know-how obtain good results. The apparatus conventionally used for resharpening consists of a flat disc under which the part to be sharpened is placed, held in place by a magnet or another device. Between the disc and the workpiece, a thin layer of abrasive paste is inserted. The rotation of the disc machines the part from below by the action of the abrasive and is supposed to sharpen. In the vast majority of cases there can be no reliable and precise control of the result, and the controls are therefore either non-existent or poorly performed. In both cases, the resharpened parts are of poor cutting quality. This problem is obviously extremely serious for professionals, who have an expensive fleet of mowers and naturally hesitate to change the head with each wear. They are therefore forced to work with poorly resharpened mowing heads, resulting in cutting difficulties, cuts in the subject treated, and similar problems.

Another serious problem is the oxidation of the head. A stainless metal does not cut or cuts badly. Only hard steels cut. One cannot therefore use stainless steel, nor even compromise of the type against stainless comb on hard steel comb. However, the heads must naturally be rinsed and washed, for obvious reasons of hygiene and cutting efficiency. So they oxidize strongly and quickly. What gives them a neglected aspect incompatible with hygiene required in professional environments, such as veterinarians or in hospitals.

Attempts have been made to coat the mowing heads with a film of anti-corrosion materials, but this coating can in no case be inside the teeth because the cut would be damaged. In addition, a local flaking of the coating is formed.

Another problem lies in the fact that thin teeth or "fine teeth" (clippers for veterinarians in particular) break at the slightest shock. The alternative is then either to replace the entire head, which is expensive, or to work with broken teeth, which is dangerous (cuts, etc.).

In all these cases, the professional has no choice but to keep defective, or oxidized, or worn material, or to return the head to a sharpener, which immobilizes the device for a certain time. We have seen that, moreover, resharpening, except for some professionals with personal expertise, is approximate.

Furthermore, the aforementioned reciprocating movement of the counter comb on the comb inevitably generates friction, therefore marked heating, in particular at the rear supports of the counter comb. The phenomenon is so marked that the head can burn the subject's skin. In addition, the resistance due to friction is very harmful to the mower's motors, which will tire and heat up.

We therefore understand that there is an impressive list of problems in direct connection with the mowing heads, and which concern very many professionals in sensitive activities such as the veterinary or hospital environment, hairdressing, animal breeding etc. .. where hygiene and the quality or precision of cutting, as well as its "smoothness", are imperatives.

However, these requirements cannot, in the vast majority of cases, be met, or only at the cost of a fleet of mowing heads exaggerated in relation to needs. it seems that the mower manufacturers have either accommodated the situation, or have not been able to respond to it correctly. The prior art is nevertheless abundant, as we have seen, but the techniques aim to improve the cut or to provide solutions of comfort for the user, and absolutely not to solve the above problems related in particular to resharpening or oxidation or breakage of fine teeth.

The invention poses the above problems in radically different terms.

The object of the invention is in fact to allow the elimination of the operation of resharpening the mowing heads by a simple replacement of an interchangeable cutting insert.

This invention also aims to make savings to users of mowing equipment and in particular, canine and feline groomers, veterinarians and hairdressers. Indeed, these are obliged to replace their fleet of mowing heads when they are worn out due to repeated regrinding inevitable after a certain mowing time.

Up to now, the removable clipping head heads, by slides or clipping and push button of electric mowers had to be re-sharpened by a professional sharpener after a certain time of use in cutting action of animal hair or human hair , and this resulted in wear of the cutting area at each visit to the sharpener.

The principle of resharpening and wear is the same with regard to the shearing heads for electric clippers for sheep, cattle and horses, even if they cannot be dismantled quickly. These mowing heads are also affected by the invention.

The advantage of the interchangeable cutting insert system presented below is that it allows all users of an electric mower to no longer have to separate from their mowing head while entrust to the sharpener. In the same way the know-how of the sharpeners is not always optimum, the cutting of the heads is not always satisfactory. The mechanically interchangeable insert system allows one hundred percent cutting reliability.

This simple system allows anyone to be able to put their mowing heads back in perfect cutting condition just by replacing the cutting head inserts in a few seconds with a simple manual operation.

The merit of the invention is therefore to have reversed the problem, by thinking of eliminating the resharpening rather than trying to deal with the drawbacks.

The invention, which has the additional merit of being simple, leads to the solution of all the aforementioned problems related to resharpening, but also solves problems not related to resharpening, which is surprising.

Indeed, it becomes possible to make the sole, the cutting body and the counter comb in stainless steels or alloys or in synthetic materials in whole or in part, washable with water and detergents, since these parts will never to be changed. The investment (additional cost of stainless steel for these massive parts) therefore becomes profitable. The invention therefore solves the serious problem of corrosion by means of a sharpening solution, which is surprising. The interchangeable part according to the invention will be made of high-speed steel or carbon steel (cutting power).

Furthermore, it will be seen that the mechanical modifications resulting from the incorporation of an interchangeable part according to the invention make it possible to mount the oscillating counter comb on a bearing at its rear support, which reduces almost all of the friction, the harmful side has been highlighted above. This was not foreseeable on the part of a technique whose object was to resolve the sharpening problems. It will be noted that a second merit of the invention is that it did not hesitate to add two moving parts, which is contrary to the basic principle according to which it is desirable, in a mechanical system, to have the least number of parts. mobile possible, for known reasons of reliability, assembly, disassembly, maintenance, etc ...; this prejudice is moreover perhaps at the origin of the fact that no prior art has envisaged a solution of this type (unless the prior art has completely disregarded it, or has deemed the problem insoluble by simple means, which would further strengthen the merit of the invention).

We will see below that moreover these moving parts cannot be forged, contrary to the prior art, but must be subject to precision machining. This was also likely to create an unfavorable prejudice against this solution because of the known additional cost of such machining.

Another related and unpredictable advantage of the invention lies in the fact that, by splitting the head, it becomes possible to mount self-sharpening plates (ceramic, composites, resin matrix comprising a hard abrasive such as tungsten carbide, synthetic diamond such as that obtained by CVD (chemical vapor deposition), lubricants, disinfectants or bactericides and the like.

It can therefore be seen that, surprisingly, the solution proposed for sharpening actually leads to a series of major advantages in cascade, which were unpredictable and, moreover, not sought at the outset.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawing, in which:

Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of the mowing head according to the invention;

2 shows a sectional view of the mowing head according to the invention; FIG. 3 represents an exploded perspective view of the comb 7 and of the interchangeable plate 2 of the clipping head according to the invention, where the entirety of the teeth is constituted by the plate;

- Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the mowing head according to the invention with rear bearings 4;

FIG. 5 represents a variant according to an exploded perspective view of sole 7 and of plate 2 of the mowing head according to the invention;

- Figure 6 shows the corresponding sectional view;

FIG. 7 shows an exploded perspective view of the mowing head according to the invention with common base 13 and interchangeable toothing nose 10;

8 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the mowing head according to the invention with rear bearings 4 and attached nose made of synthetic material, corresponding to the view of Figure 7;

FIG. 9 represents a sectional view of an embodiment of the mowing head according to the invention with rear supports at level 5;

FIG. 10, which is made up of FIGS. 10 a, 10 b and 10 c, represents:

10a interchangeable toothing nose

10b and 10c interchangeable toothing nose of different thicknesses and geometries;

Figure 11 shows in section the positioning of a self-sharpening plate 11; Figure 12 shows in section the positioning of a self-lubricating plate 12;

A person skilled in the art will understand that Figures & to 12 represent non-limiting embodiments of the invention, and that this covers all the variants and options which will be accessible to this person skilled in the art on reading this application. .

In the accompanying drawing, the same references have the same meanings, which are as follows:

(1) Interchangeable counter comb plate

(2) Interchangeable comb plate

(3) Placement holes

(4) Bearings

(5) Rear support

(6) Lugs or pins

(7) Comb

(8) Counter comb

(9) Positioning surface of interchangeable inserts

(10) Interchangeable toothing nose

(11) Self-sharpening insert

(12) Self-lubricating plate

(13) Common base

F Press force (spring) The invention therefore relates, in its various embodiments:

electric mowers of the type provided with mowing heads generally comprising a fixed sole or "comb" (7) and a moving part or against comb (8), carrying cutting teeth, the counter comb (8) being mounted so as to oscillate under the drive of the electric motor of the mower, characterized in that the mowing head comprises at least one cutting insert (1) or (2) carrying cutting teeth on its front face and which is interchangeable and is positioned in place of the extra thicknesses usually provided for manufacturing by forging or machining, respectively on the sole (7) or against the comb (8).

electric mowers of the type provided with mowing heads generally comprising a fixed sole or "comb" (7) and a moving part or counter comb (8), carrying cutting teeth, and mounted so as to oscillate under the drive of the electric motor of the mower, characterized in that the mowing head comprises two cutting inserts (1) and (2) carrying cutting teeth on their front face and which are interchangeable and are positioned in place of the -thicknesses usually provided for manufacturing by forging or machining, respectively on the sole (7) and against the comb (8).

electric mowers characterized in that the pads (1) and (2) are made of hard steel such as carbon steel or the like.

electric clippers characterized in that the comb (7) and the counter-comb (8) are made of steel or stainless alloy or synthetic material or other stainless material.

electric mowers characterized in that the comb (7) and the counter-comb (8) are made of steel or hard alloy such as carbon steel or the like.

- electric mowers characterized in that the mowing heads are made essentially of stainless steel, an alloy of non-ferrous metals not very sensitive to corrosion or made of synthetic material.

electric mowers characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute the entire thickness of the teeth of the cutting head.

electric clippers characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute the entire thickness of the teeth of the cutting head and are thin.

electric clippers characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute a "fine toothing".

The mechanical difficulties which will furthermore have been necessary to arrive at a technical solution which is achievable in industrial practice will be described below.

The invention has the advantage of retaining the general appearance of the original lines, shapes and dimensions of the heads currently on the market. However, for the implementation of the invention, technical modifications should nevertheless be made.

Part of the solution involves replacing the over-sharpening thicknesses cut in the mass - provided by the mowing head manufacturers - with interchangeable inserts. We therefore find ourselves according to the invention with interchangeable and disposable extra thicknesses with low production costs, since they are produced in series by automatic precision machines.

In the case of this invention, plates (1) and (2) are made mechanically from special steel which will be positioned by specific centering in place of the usual extra thicknesses of steel forming an integral part of the comb and against comb forming any mowing head. The invention relates above all to the cutting part of the clipping head at the level of the teeth, since all the clipping heads are formed of a fixed sole called a comb and has at one end fine teeth for guiding and channeling the hairs or the hair. towards the cutting surface at the end of the teeth of the movable part called the comb.

On a traditional head, the manufacturers have originally provided forging or metal machining for the additional thicknesses of sharpening on the fixed part and the mobile part of the head.

Likewise, so far these over-sharpening thicknesses are found at the level of the teeth and at the height of the rear of the counter-comb since the latter is shorter than the sole for reasons of functionality.

The invention will be more particularly interested in replacing the over-sharpening thickness at the teeth.

According to a preferred embodiment, the rear excess thickness will be replaced by a rolling member device in order to avoid wear due to friction, in the case of a technical improvement in the functionality of the mowing head. .

According to another nonlimiting embodiment of the invention, in the case where it is desired to simply keep the same functionality, the interchangeable cutting inserts will also have the front and rear supports which will be integrated into them.

There are therefore two main types of technicality for the same inventive concept.

1 - plate with rolling rear support

2- plate with standard rear support, with friction of the upper plate on the lower plate.

It should be noted that the invention will offer another advantage for the mowing heads. Thanks to this system of cutting inserts and removable the mowing heads will no longer have to be made from carbon steels which give maximum hardness to quenching in order to optimize cutting and longevity.

The major drawback being that these steels always oxidize quickly (or we know that the oxidized cutting heads form true cultures of bacteria) and that the hardness of the steel makes the teeth very brittle.

According to the invention, only the interchangeable cutting inserts will be made of ultra hard carbon steel.

All the other constituent parts of the entire head will now be made of stainless materials, stainless steel or non-ferrous alloy or synthetic materials not susceptible to corrosion.

These materials made possible by the invention will therefore be infinitely more hygienic by nature, especially as their nature will make it possible to wash the cutting heads under tap water or with a detergent or other antibacterial in order to eliminate bacteria.

This is of particular interest to the veterinary and medical professions daily confronted with this hygiene problem and represents considerable progress.

Installation and operating principle

As has already been specified, the invention has the advantage of not changing the general appearance of the mowing heads either in shape or in dimensions. The only imperative modification is to modify or remove during production the excess thickness of metal taken from the mass during forging or machining so as to have in appearance a new shearing head which is the appearance of a head. already worn. For reasons of precision due to the performance of the cut, the flat surfaces intended to receive the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) should be corrected with maximum precision.

The interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) relate more particularly to the surfaces at the level of the teeth, but in order for the mowing head to function perfectly it is imperative that the counter comb (8) rests on two surface points on the sole called comb (7).

There are therefore several options for the rear support (5):

1) over-thickness of the rear support taken from the mass of the steel of the counter comb (8) and of the comb (7) during manufacture and rectified during machining always during manufacture. But eventually, wear will appear due to friction, which is inevitable during use. So the rear fixed thickness will no longer ensure in the same height alignment over time that the serrated thicknesses changed regularly. To avoid this wear imbalance, interchangeable support plates (1) and (2) will also be used for the rear support of the counter comb (8) on the comb (7). However, this solution has the drawback of increasing the production costs of the invention. Because instead of changing two inserts on a mowing head, you will have to change four.

In order to optimize the functionality of the invention, it is preferable for the rear support of the counter comb (8) a rolling support, that is to say in place of the original sharpening over-thicknesses, or of pads reported and removable support; a system of cylindrical rollers (4) mounted on axes is preferred.

As micro-rollers, these permanent support rollers (4) will most often be made of very resistant hardened steel or of synthetic materials, as the case may be, depending on the requirements of use and manufacture. These rollers (4) will be positioned on an axis integral with the counter comb (8) and will roll on the smooth surface of the sole comb (7). Of even it is conceivable, although it is more complex, to position rollers (4) on the combs (7), and according to this particular embodiment, it is the rear flat surface of the counter comb (8) which will roll on the rollers which will be replaced by micro ball bearings as required.

More specifically concerning the removable cutting inserts (1) and (2) they will be made of ultra hard hardened steel or ceramic or another metallic alloy whose composition allows to obtain the maximum cutting hardness and longevity or a suitable composite material to obtain excellent cutting performance.

These plates (1) and (2) necessarily fit together

either in a specific hollow housing (9),

either on lugs or positioning pins (6) by holes of cylindrical shape (3) or any identical.

The interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) will be positioned in their proper place

either by centering on lug (6) or dowel of any shape

either by centering in a hollow housing (9) receiving part of the thickness of the wafer.

As on the current cutting heads not benefiting from the invention, the adjustment, fixing, and pressure (F) systems by spring remain unchanged. So all the satellite parts making up the entire mowing head remain the same as the original ones provided by the manufacturers; only the combs (7) and counter comb (8) are modified in order to receive the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2).

The parts according to the invention are therefore adaptable, either individually, or in replacement “kits”, on all existing heads. However to complete the technical improvement of the mowing head in order to further reduce the friction zones at the level of the guides in lateral translation, according to a preferred embodiment, the pressure points on the combs will be installed (8) , rolling rollers (4) or ball bearings centered on the pressure or guide elements according to the possible embodiments.

Similarly, it is conceivable according to another embodiment, and for technical reasons of functionality, or economic, to completely change the shapes and dimensions of the satellite pressure and guide pieces constituting the assembly of the cutting head.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate and consider these different modes and adapt them to known or future heads.

Similarly, according to the manufacturing methods and according to the shapes and thickness of the cutting heads, it is conceivable according to another embodiment that the interchangeable cutting insert (1) and (2) has exactly the integral shape and the thickness. total of the teeth of the head, that is to say that the wafer support sole has no teeth (7 ') and that once the wafer is removed there are no more visible teeth on the other parts of the head. chopped off.

For example, in the case of thin cutting heads, only the thickness of the insert will make the nominal cutting thickness of the cutting head. The advantage of having teeth only on the interchangeable cutting insert (2) allows in the event of breakage following a fall, to be able to recover new teeth at a lower cost rather than to change the entire mowing head as this is currently the case.

For the option according to which only the cutting insert (2) forms the integral thickness of the teeth of the mowing head, preference will be given to wider inserts on the comb (7) in order to have integrated into said inserts supports rear for reasons of pure functionality. The use of the interchangeable cutting insert system in the realization of a new concept of mowing head makes it possible to conceive an interchangeability of the thicknesses of teeth by retaining a common base (13) and common inserts.

The fact of having concentrated the functionality of the cut (main action of a mowing head) only in two small interchangeable inserts in ultra-sharp steel mechanically produced in large series by precision machining now opens the prospect of designing a versatility of variable thickness of the teeth which will be made of synthetic materials at extremely low cost prices, by plastic injection of any kind. These toothed noses (fig. 10) also interchangeable are positioned by housings with specific fitting and pinning according to the criteria of technical achievement within the reach of the skilled person.

In the case of a cutting head concept made up of several interchangeable parts, it is easy to understand the economic attractiveness of such a new generation of cutting heads for professionals confronted with breakage and wear and tear of their equipment.

According to a preferred embodiment, a cutting head sole (7) is provided, the most massive material part of which is made of synthetic material or plastic resin at very low cost by mass injection into molds. This option may be preferred to the option presented above, in steel or stainless alloy, for mass production aimed at low production costs.

An advantage of this plastic or resin (or similar material) option therefore lies in the low cost of mass production and in the initial cutting capacity of the teeth (cutting factor); with regard to this last point, those skilled in the art will understand that the teeth are produced directly by injection molding without the need for an initial size.

On the contrary, in the prior art, and in the stainless material option according to the invention, a size must be made before marketing. By using, according to this option, a suitable plastic or synthetic material, such as a resin or the like, or a metal for molding, with a low melting point, such as REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM), which man by trade will be able to select according to the criteria of molding and mechanical resistance of the finished molded product, all the mowing heads of the mowers sold can now be molded and are no longer required to be made of forged steel and machined as currently.

For mowing heads made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, such as a moldable resin, or moldable metal. According to this option, there are two solutions for manufacturing:

- 1 - injection of the head (comb and comb, with housing and lug or pin to subsequently receive interchangeable plates replaced at each sharpening) in a mold of suitable shape; a comb and counter-comb are then obtained on which the disposable plates are mounted and, after de-sharpening, the whole of the plastic or molded metal head is kept at a low melting point, such as, by way of nonlimiting examples, REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM).

- 2 - Injection of the head as according to 1. but in a special mold in which the cutting inserts are positioned beforehand; when the injection is carried out as above of synthetic material or of moldable metal, the plates are included directly in place on the comb and the molded counter comb. In this case, after de-sharpening the head-insert assembly will be discarded, which is without disadvantage given the very low cost of manufacturing these molded assemblies. In another embodiment of the invention, a hybrid cutting head solution is produced. Mowing heads are produced from any plastic or synthetic material, such as a resin or the like, or a moldable metal as indicated above, injection molded or cast and having metal plates added or removable or included, depending on the two. options above, but which could be resharpened as traditional heads currently. In this case, only a low cost price of the molding will be the criterion for selecting the method of manufacturing this type of text.

The criterion of cost price will be essential to make prefer solution or option 1 to solution or option 2.

The “hybrid” head, on the other hand, can meet the needs or specific working habits of each user or certain professions.

Similarly, some users may prefer a "heavy" head made of stainless material to a "light" head molded by injection.

The invention therefore also relates to:

mowers as described above, characterized in that the mowing head further comprises at least one additional functional insert, such as for example a self-sharpening insert.

mowers as described above, characterized in that the mowing head also comprises at least one lubricating plate.

- the mowers as described above, characterized in that the mowing head further comprises at least one disinfecting plate. mowers as described above, characterized in that said pads are mounted between or on or under the interchangeable pads (1) and / or (2).

the mowing heads comprising an interchangeability of the teeth thicknesses while retaining a common base (13) and common plates.

the mowing heads comprising a versatility of variable thickness of the teeth made of synthetic materials at extremely low production costs, by plastic injection of any kind.

the mowing heads having a versatility of variable thickness of the teeth made of synthetic materials in which the teeth of the teeth (fig. 10) also interchangeable are positioned by housings with specific fitting and pinning according to the technical performance criteria within the reach of the skilled person.

the mowing heads comprising a sole (7) of the cutting head, the most massive part of which is made of synthetic material or plastic resin at very low cost by mass injection into molds.

mowing heads of this type in which the teeth are produced directly by injection molding.

the mowing heads for mowers as described above.

mowing heads for mowers as described above, in which the comb and counter-comb sole is made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, for example a moldable resin, or moldable metal with a low melting point, such as REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM).

the mowing heads for mowers as described above, in which the comb and counter-comb sole are made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, such as, for example, a moldable resin, or moldable metal with a low melting point, such as REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM), the heads being molded or injection molded.

- the mowing heads for mowers as described above, in which the comb and counter-comb sole is made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, such as, for example, a moldable resin, or a moldable metal with a low melting point, like REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM), the heads being molded or injection molded in a normal mold.

mowing heads for mowers as described above, in which the comb and counter-comb sole is made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, for example a moldable resin, or moldable metal with a low melting point, such as REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM), the heads being molded or injection molded in a special mold in which the cutting inserts made of steel or ultra-hard hard alloy are pre-positioned before injection so that the part final mold directly includes said pads.

the disposable assembly formed from a) the mowing head with comb and counter comb sole in which the comb and counter comb sole is made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, for example a moldable resin, or metal moldable at low melting point, such as REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM), the heads being molded or injection molded, and b) cutting inserts made of steel or ultra-hard hard alloy.

interchangeable pads (1) and / or (2), or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting, bactericidal and similar pads, or replacement sets or kits of interchangeable pads and / or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting, bactericidal pads as defined above. the molds for molding or injection molding of the cutting heads which have just been described, in particular for molding or injection molding in which the cutting inserts made of steel or ultra-hard hard alloy are pre-positioned before injection in such a manner that the final molded part directly includes said plates.

a method for manufacturing mowing heads for mowers as described above, characterized in that the excess thickness of metal taken from the mass during forging or machining is modified or eliminated in order to look like a new mowing head that looks like an already worn head.

a method as described above, characterized in that the flat surfaces intended to receive the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) are rectified with maximum precision.

a method of manufacturing mowing heads made of moldable plastic, moldable synthetic material, such as a moldable resin, or moldable metal, characterized in that:

injection or casting of the head (comb and counter comb, with housing and lug or pin to subsequently receive interchangeable plates replaced at each sharpening) in a mold of suitable shape; a comb and counter-comb are then obtained on which the disposable plates are mounted and, after de-sharpening, the entire plastic or molded metal head with low melting point REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM) is kept.

-injection or casting of the head (comb and counter comb, with housing and lug or pin to subsequently receive interchangeable inserts replaced at each sharpening) in a special mold in which the cutting inserts made of steel or ultra hard alloy cutting are positioned beforehand; when the injection is carried out as above of synthetic material or of moldable metal, the plates are included directly in place on the comb and the molded counter comb.

- the use of clippers, mowing heads, interchangeable pads, sets of such pads, and / or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting pads and the manufacturing process, as described above, for or in the fields:

* medical and hospital

* veterinarian

* breeding animals such as horses

* shearing animals such as sheep and the like

* pet grooming

* hairstyle

* aesthetic treatments

* mowers or cutting or finishing tools for mowing or cutting for private use.

Claims

1 Electric mowers of the type equipped with mowing heads generally comprising a fixed sole or “comb” (7) and a movable part or counter-comb (8), carrying cutting teeth, the counter-comb (8) being mounted so as to oscillate under the drive of the electric motor of the mower, characterized in that the mowing head comprises at least one cutting insert (1) or (2) carrying cutting teeth on its front face and which is interchangeable and is positioned in place of the extra thicknesses usually provided for manufacturing by forging or machining, respectively on the sole (7) or the counter comb (8).

2 Electric mowers of the type provided with mowing heads generally comprising a fixed sole or "comb" (7) and a movable part or counter-comb (8), carrying cutting teeth, and mounted so as to oscillate under the drive of the electric motor of the mower, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mowing head comprises two cutting plates (1) and (2) carrying cutting teeth on their front face and which are interchangeable and are positioned in location of the extra thicknesses usually provided for in manufacturing by forging or machining, respectively on the sole (7) and the counter comb (8).

3 Mowers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plates (1) and (2) are made of hard steel such as carbon steel or the like.

4 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the comb (7) and the counter-comb (8) are made of steel or stainless alloy or synthetic material or other stainless material. 5 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the comb (7) and the counter-comb (8) are made of steel or hard alloy such as carbon steel or the like.

6 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the mowing heads are made essentially of stainless steel, an alloy of non-ferrous metals not very sensitive to corrosion or of synthetic material.

7 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute the entire thickness of the teeth of the cutting head.

8 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute the entire thickness of the teeth of the cutting head and are thin in thickness.

9 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the cutting inserts (1) and (2) constitute “fine teeth”.

10 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the extra sharpening thicknesses cut in the mass are replaced by interchangeable plates (1) and/or (2) and disposable.

11 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the plates (1) and (2) are positioned by specific centering in place of the usual extra thicknesses of steel making an integral part of the comb and the against comb forming any shearing head. 12 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1 characterized in that the extra sharpening thickness at the level of the teeth is replaced by the plates (1) and/or (2).

13 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the rear extra thickness of the pads (1) and/or

(2) is replaced by a rolling member device.

14 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the interchangeable cutting plates (1) and/or (2) will also have the front and rear supports which will be integrated into them, with friction of the upper plate on the lower plate.

15 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the rear support (5) is formed by:

1) extra thickness of rear support taken from the mass of the steel of the counter comb (8) and the comb (7) during manufacturing and rectified during machining still during manufacturing.

2) interchangeable support plates (1) and (2) for rear support of the counter comb (8) on the comb (7).

3) rolling support

16 Mowers according to claim 15 characterized in that we will prefer a rear support system using cylindrical rollers or microcasters (4) mounted on axes.

17 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 16 characterized in that the permanent support rollers or micro rollers (4) will be made of very resistant hardened steel or of synthetic materials.

18 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 17 characterized in that the rolling rollers or micro casters (4) will be positioned on an axis secured to the counter-comb (8) and will roll on the smooth surface of the comb (7) sole.

19 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 17 characterized in that the rollers or micro rollers (4) are positioned on the combs (7), the rear flat surface of the counter comb (8) then rolling on the rollers.

20 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the rolling elements are micro ball bearings.

21 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 20 characterized in that the removable cutting plates (1) and (2) will be made of ultra-hard hardened steel or ceramic or another metal alloy whose composition makes it possible to obtain maximum cutting hardness and longevity or a suitable composite material to obtain excellent cutting performance.

22 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 21 characterized in that the plates (1) and (2) fit together

either in a specific hollow housing (9),

either on lugs or positioning pins (6) by holes of cylindrical shape (3) or any identical ones.

23 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 22 characterized in that the positioning in their correct place of the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) will be done indifferently

either by centering on a lug (6) or stud of any shape

- either by centering in a hollow housing (9) receiving part of the thickness of the wafer.

24 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 23 characterized in that the adjustment, fixing, and pressure (F) systems by spring remain the same, and therefore all the satellite parts making up the entire shearing head remain the same as those original provided by the manufacturers, only the combs (7) and counter comb (8) being modified in order to receive the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and/or or (2).

25 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 24 characterized in that the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and/or (2) have exactly the integral shape and the total thickness of the teeth of the head, i.e. that the insert support sole does not have any teeth (7') and that once the insert has been removed there are no more teeth visible on the other parts of the cutting head.

26 Clippers according to any one of claims 1 to 25 characterized in that, in the case of thin cutting heads, only the thickness of the interchangeable insert will make the nominal cutting thickness of the cutting head.

27 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 26 characterized in that when only the cutting inserts (1) and/or (2) form the integral thickness of the teeth of the mowing head, more inserts are preferred. wide on the comb (7) and the counter comb (8).

28 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 27 characterized in that the mowing head also comprises at least one self-sharpening plate.

29 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 28 characterized in that the mowing head also comprises at least one lubricating plate.

30 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 29 characterized in that the mowing head also comprises at least one disinfectant plate. 31 Mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 30 characterized in that the mowing head also comprises at least one additional functional plate.

32 Clippers according to any one of claims 28 to 32 characterized in that said plates are mounted between or on or under the interchangeable plates (1) and: or (2).

33 Cutting heads for mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 32, as defined in said claims 1 to 32.

34 Interchangeable inserts (1) and/or (2), or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting inserts, or replacement sets or kits of interchangeable inserts and/or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting inserts, as defined in the claims 1 to 33.

35 Method of manufacturing shearing heads for mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 32 characterized in that the excess thickness of metal taken from the mass during forging or machining is modified or eliminated during manufacturing so as to have the appearance of a new mowing head which has the appearance of an already worn head.

36 Method according to claim 35 characterized in that the flat surfaces intended to receive the interchangeable cutting inserts (1) and (2) are ground with maximum precision.

37 Process for manufacturing shearing heads for mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 36 characterized in that we proceed by:

injection or casting of the head (comb and counter-comb, with housing and lug or pin to subsequently receive interchangeable plates replaced at each de-sharpening) in a mold of appropriate shape and we then obtain a comb and counter-comb on which the disposable pads and, after de-sharpening, we keep the entire head in plastic or molded metals with low melting point REGUL (TM) or ALPAX (TM).

38 Process for manufacturing shearing heads for mowers according to any one of claims 1 to 36 characterized in that we proceed by:

-injection or casting of the head (comb and counter-comb, with housing and lug or pin to subsequently receive interchangeable inserts replaced at each de-sharpening) in a special mold in which the ultra-sharp steel or hard alloy cutting inserts are positioned at the prior.

39 Mold for shearing heads characterized in that the cutting inserts made of ultra-sharp steel or hard alloy are positioned in advance in the mold before injection or casting of the head.

40 Mowing head according to claim 33 characterized in that it is made of plastic or any synthetic material, such as a resin or the like, or a moldable metal, molded by injection or casting and comprises attached or removable metal plates or included.

41 Use of clippers, mowing heads, interchangeable inserts, sets of such inserts, and/or self-sharpening, lubricating, disinfecting, bactericidal, mold and manufacturing process inserts, as described in any one of claims 1 to 40, for or in the areas:

* medical and hospital

* veterinarian

* breeding animals such as horses

* shearing of animals such as sheep and the like

* pet grooming * hairstyle

* aesthetic treatments

* mowers or cutting or mowing finishing tools for private use.