EP1150800A1

EP1150800A1 - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: EP1150800A1
Application number: EP00906266A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wolfgang Gloser; Matthias Kohlhase; Paul Dieter Scharpf; Wolf Dietrich Voss
Original assignee: Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH
Current assignee: MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Priority date: 1999-02-01
Filing date: 2000-02-01
Publication date: 2001-11-07
Also published as: DE19903906A1; JP2002536192A; DE29903339U1; WO2000045990A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool (1) comprising a foundation (2) and at least one control cabinet (3). The control cabinet is positioned so far behind the rear end of the machine tool that a service passage (5) for service personnel is formed between the machine tool (1) and control cabinet (3). The control cabinet can be immovably connected to the machine tool via a control cabinet frame (9). Said control cabinet frame presents means for fixing the control cabinet in at least two positions. In the first position a service passage (5) is provided for between the machine tool and the control cabinet (3), while in the second position the control cabinet (3) is situated as close as possibly to the machine tool. The second position can be used for transport and/or to obtain a machine tool having a small base.

Description

Machine tool

I. Field of application

The invention relates to a machine tool.

II. Technical background

Machine tools generally consist of a self-supporting and rigid bed on which the machine modules, in particular the tool assemblies and the workpiece carrier units, for example the headstock of a lathe etc., are arranged, and in particular in the longitudinal direction, the Z direction, of the machine tool can be moved along the bed.

Such a machine tool, for example a rotary-rotary broaching machine, comprises a large number of electrically operated motors, test and control sensors, loading and unloading devices, etc., which is why such a machine tool includes at least one, usually several electrical control cabinets, as well as further energy supply devices such as Hydraulic pumps etc.

In such machine tools, it is often important that the machine tool is as compact as possible, especially with regard to the required base area. For this reason, the control cabinet or cabinets are usually mounted directly on the back of the machine tool. Furthermore, the transport and installation as well as the commissioning of such a machine tool should be carried out as quickly and therefore as cost-effectively as possible. For this reason, it is known to design a machine tool as a so-called “hook machine”, which means that the machine is completely assembled with all modules at the place of its manufacture, and also the control cabinet or cabinets on the actual machine tool, mostly directly attached to the bed of the machine tool, and of course also electrically connected.

For transport to the customer, one or usually three attachment points are provided on the stable bed of the machine tool, at which the entire machine can be attached to a crane hook and loaded using special crockery made of steel cables or textile belts for transport and installation at Customers. This shortens the assembly times at the customer compared to a delivery in partial components to the customer and the final assembly and cabling there, especially the control cabinets, because even if the control cabinets are attached to the bed of the machine for transport to make them "container-compatible" , the lengthy electrical connection is then necessary later.

However, these two basic requirements mean that a machine tool is at the customer's, which is very difficult to access for service personnel in the event of maintenance or repair work at the repair points, since these repair points are generally not accessible from the front of the machine tool the separation between the front working area of the machine tool, which is contaminated by chips and coolant / lubricant, and the units behind the machine tool. Accessibility is then often only possible from the top, which can make work on the machine very difficult with the machine tools, which are more than 2.50 meters high and control cabinets are almost as high. In addition, observations on the running machine are hardly possible in this way.

This problem is also not alleviated by the fact that it also makes it more difficult that different types of machines can be built on one and the same type of bed of a machine tool by selecting different tool units, for example a milling machine with a disc-shaped, externally toothed tool as well as a rotary and rotary broaching machine. The different types of machine tools, however, not only require different types of energy to be supplied in terms of quantity and quality, but also different controls and, as a rule, therefore different control cabinets.

III. Presentation of the invention

a) Technical task

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a machine tool or a method for its manufacture which, despite simple and inexpensive manufacture of the machine tool and in particular despite the machine tool being designed as a so-called “hook machine”, provides good accessibility to the machine for service work allowed, and in particular optionally either such good accessibility for service work or a machine tool with a very small footprint.

Another object according to the invention is to provide a machine tool kit which makes it possible to create different types of machine tools from a few different individual parts, and these in turn differentiate according to a compact footprint or good accessibility for service work. b) solving the problem

This object is solved by the features of claims 1, 17 and 21.

Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

By arranging the control cabinet or cabinets not directly on the back of the machine tool, but at a distance from it, a service cycle can be achieved in between. Not only an electrical connection via cable, but also a fixed mechanical connection between the control cabinets and the machine tool, in particular the bed of the machine tool, in particular a self-supporting mechanically fixed connection between the control cabinets and the machine tool, maintains a closed unit, which is still allowed before delivery of the machine tool as a so-called "hook machine".

The mechanically fixed connection is a control cabinet frame, i.e. usually a welded construction made of metal profiles, which is screwed to the bed of the machine tool and projects with its vertical frame at the rear of the machine tool.

In addition, horizontal arms can also strive to the rear from the vertical frame, as seen from the machine tool, and in particular so low that the control cabinet or cabinets can be placed on these horizontal arms.

The control cabinet is thus optimally positioned again close to the machine tool, resulting in a machine tool with a very small footprint.

However, this arrangement can only be used for transport. In this case, the control cabinet is attached directly to the control cabinet frame, and already wired to the machine and in this state the machine is transported to the customer.

When setting up, you have the choice either to leave the control cabinet in this position so that there is no service aisle between the control cabinet and the machine, or to move the control cabinet away from the vertical frame of the control cabinet frame so far that the desired service aisle is achieved in between. This can be done by either completely removing the control cabinets from the horizontal struts, which can also be designed as a closed horizontal frame, that is to say sliding them down, and placing them behind on separate feet or a base. For this spacing, the cable harness that remains clamped between the control cabinet and the machine tool must of course be of sufficient length and, in the previous transport state, must have been accommodated in a loop in a cable harness cavity provided in the control cabinet frame or the machine tool .

A very simple spacing is possible in that the horizontal arms or the horizontal frame of the control cabinet frame can be brought together with the control cabinet at a distance from the vertical frame, for. B. by being telescopic.

The horizontal struts or the horizontal frame then serves as a spacer and a fixed connection between the control cabinet in the spaced-apart position and the machine tool, and among other things for laying on the cable harness. A walkway to walk on is usually not placed directly on the horizontal struts, which are located very deep above the floor, but about half a meter above it, in particular screwed between the vertical frame of the control cabinet frame and the control cabinets themselves. This catwalk extends over the entire length of the machine and can be reached via a few steps. Since this catwalk can be entered not only when the machine is at a standstill, but also when the machine is running, which is particularly necessary to detect malfunctions, leaks, etc. during operation of the machine, separating plates can be used in the free fields of the vertical frame, either as Doors are designed to be opened or are easy to assemble and disassemble by means of a bayonet lock etc. in order to prevent them from entering and thus injuring the service personnel or the operator when the machine is in operation. When observing the running machine, it makes sense to make these separating plates transparent.

With this concept, it is still possible to deliver the machine as a hook machine and - depending on the needs of the customer - either leave the control cabinet in the transport position, i.e. close to the machine and directly on the vertical frame of the control cabinet frame, or to put him at a distance while achieving the service corridor.

In addition, it must be noted that such a machine tool must be completely surrounded by a protective cover for soundproofing reasons, that is to say not just the work area. For this reason, appropriate soundproofing covers such. B. also on the top of the machine.

With regard to the rear of the machine, the control cabinets themselves serve as soundproofing on the rear in the previous design, that is to say installation of the control cabinets as close as possible to the rear of the machine. Since the control cabinets generally cover the entire longitudinal extent of the machine, no additional rear wall covers need to be provided here for noise protection reasons.

In order to ensure sound insulation even when the control cabinets are spaced apart with an intermediate service aisle, the upper noise protection cover is preferably pulled back so far that it reaches the control cabinets even when the control cabinets are spaced apart, so that there is a closed sound insulation on the top and rear. The open front sides of the service aisle are closed by doors which are also designed with regard to sound insulation, so that overall there is again a machine which is closed on all sides and thus meets the sound insulation regulations.

In the event that the machine is to be operated not only for transport, but also in the customer's company with control cabinets located close to the machine, the corresponding doors are omitted and the top cover can also be correspondingly shorter - in its overhang to the rear should be selected, since it only has to reach the rear wall of the control cabinets facing the machine for the purpose of soundproofing.

If one and the same machine bed is used to build up different machine types, for example a milling machine on the one hand and a rotary and rotary broaching machine on the other hand, different, different control cabinet frames can also be used for these machine types. The control cabinet frames differ, for example, by the available distance between the vertical frame of the control cabinet frame and the machine tool, or by the field division of the vertical frame, the height of the horizontal struts of the control cabinet frame or the like, depending on the requirements for the respective machine type, e.g. type and scope of the necessary power supply lines and their positioning.

In this way, with a few different components, namely different control cabinet frames on the one hand, different machine structures on the machine bed on the other, possibly also different, in particular upper, soundproofing covers, but at least the same bed and possibly also constant control cabinets, a machine family can be created that distinguishes not only according to the machine principle, but also according to the type of energy supply and the arrangement of the control cabinets. The energy supply to the individual function modules of the machine, for example electrical cables or hydraulic hoses, differ, for example, in that, in a first design, these lines are arranged in hanging loops at a distance between the vertical frame of the control cabinet frame and the rear of the machine. The loops serve as a length buffer when the position of those machine modules which are supplied with energy by these lines are changed. The disadvantage is that in the direction of sight and grip of the service personnel, which is located on the catwalk between the machine and the control cabinet, there are hanging cables in deep loops, which can reach a number of 20, and obstruct the view and intervention into the machine .

Another possibility is to accommodate these electrical cables and hydraulic hoses in the known, also horizontally arranged, cable towing systems, and to arrange this cable towing horizontally, in particular at the upper edge of the control cabinet frame. This does not hinder the observation of the machine and maintenance work, but requires much more work when replacing a line due to leakage etc. due to the removal and threading of the line or the complete disassembly of the cable towing.

c) working examples

An embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures.

Fig. 1: shows an external milling machine in side view with spaced control cabinet and

Fig. 2: the same machine tool in the transport state or without servicing.

The figures show the machine tool in a side view, that is, viewed in the longitudinal direction 10 (Z direction).

The right side of the machine tool in the figures is the front, where the operator stands and where the protective cover 16 of the machine can be opened for loading and unloading.

In the present case, the machine tool consists of the lower bed part 2a and the upper bed part 2b, which are usually made of plastic, and which together form a trough-shaped bed. Bed parts made of cast or concrete are also used.

The headstock 17, which carries the workpiece and can drive it in rotation, is guided over the tub of the bed. In the longitudinal direction 10, the tool slide system can be moved, which consists of upper and lower slide and z. B. carries an externally toothed side milling cutter 18.

The bed 2 is set up on individual feet 19 or alternatively by means of a base plate on the ground, which serve to maintain a suitable distance and an exact horizontal position of the machine. On the rear side 4 of the machine tool 1, the control cabinet frame 9 is screwed to the machine tool, for example by means of fastening arms 9c, 9d directed horizontally from behind against the bed 2 of the machine tool, in particular against the lower bed part 2a.

The control cabinet frame 9 can have a vertical frame 9b, which is used above all for the arrangement of separating plates 13 in the compartments of the vertical frame 9b, and for the formation of an intermediate space to the otherwise very rugged rear side 4 of the machine tool in order to accommodate energy supply lines therein.

Near the lower end of the control cabinet frame 9, in particular its vertical frame 9b, horizontal arms 9a protrude from the vertical frame 9b to the rear, that is to say opposite to the bed 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control cabinet 3 is located directly behind the free end of these horizontal arms 9a on a separate base 14, and is connected to the machine tool 1 via a cable harness 7, which is arranged in particular above the horizontal arms 9a and in particular rests thereon, the horizontal arms 9a can also be designed as a horizontal frame.

The width of the service aisle 5 is determined by the cantilever of these horizontal arms 9a in this design. However, the service personnel runs on a catwalk 12 which is mounted higher, approximately half a meter above the lower end of the control cabinet frame 9, between the control cabinet frame 9 and the control cabinet 3 and in particular with the vertical frame 9b of the control cabinet frame 9 and / or the closed rear wall of the control cabinet 3 is screwed. The front of the control cabinet that is to be opened is usually located on the side facing away from the machine tool.

The upper soundproof cover 20, which covers the top of the machine, extends so far to the rear that it ends at the control cabinets 3 and in particular is even connected to them. The front sides of the service aisle 5 are each closed with a door, which is also primarily used for sound insulation, so that again there is a machine that is soundproofed on all sides.

The cover of the work area, that is to say the upper, generally fixed, cover 15 and the front cover 16 to be opened fulfill a double function, namely on the one hand protection against objects thrown out of the work area and on the other hand soundproofing.

2 shows the machine tool 1 in the transport configuration, in which the fully wired control cabinet 3, which is connected to the machine tool 1 via the wire harness 7, is located on the horizontal arms 9a of the control cabinet frame 9 and the control cabinet 3 is in direct contact with the vertical frame 9b. In this position, the wire harness 7 is pushed together to form a loop in the wire harness cavity 8 provided for this purpose in an intermediate space in the lower region between the vertical frame 9b of the control cabinet frame 9 and the rear of the lower bed part 2a of the machine tool 1. The wire harness cavity 8 can also be located in a corresponding compartment between the horizontal arms 9a, that is to say the horizontal frame.

2, in which the machine at the fastening points 6a, which is located in the middle of the rear area of the rear bed section 2a, and the two further fastening points 6b, 6c, which are spaced apart in the front area of the bed section 2a, can be lifted completely together with the control cabinet 3 by means of a crane, the operating configuration can also be at the same time if the customer does not have a sufficiently large base area to remove the control cabinet 3 from the machine in order to provide a service aisle 5. If the position according to FIG. 2 is only the transport position, the doors 21, which serve to close the later service aisle 5, are either fixed outside on the front sides of the control cabinets or are transported separately.

In the event that the configuration according to FIG. 2 is the later operating configuration, these doors 21 are omitted. Then it is also possible to use a shorter, lower soundproof cover 20 which projects less far to the rear, provided that it still reaches the switch cabinets 3.

However, in order to minimize the number of parts, it is also possible to use the same upper noise protection cover 20 for the two configurations, which extends far enough for the spaced position of the switch cabinets.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Machine tool (1) with a bed (2) and at least one control cabinet (3), characterized in that the control cabinet (3) is so far behind the rear (4) of the machine tool (1) that a service gear (5) for service personnel between the machine tool (1) and the control cabinet (3).

2. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the control cabinet (3) with the machine tool (1) is fixedly connected.

3. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet (3) via a control cabinet frame (9) is fixedly connected to the machine tool (1).

4. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet frame (9) fastening options for the control cabinet (3) in at least two positions, namely a transport position as close as possible to the machine tool (1) and an operating position, spaced apart by the service gear ( 5) from the machine tool (1).

5. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet frame (9) with the bed (2) of the machine tool (1) is firmly connected, in particular screwed.

6. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet frame (9) has a vertical frame (9b) parallel to the rear of the machine tool (1), which extends in particular over its entire height and longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction (10) (Z- Direction) and separating plates (13), in particular transparent separating plates (13), can be fastened between the struts.

7. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet frame (9) from the vertical frame (9b) on the direction of the machine tool (1) pointing away from horizontal arms (9a), in particular a horizontal frame, has to put on Switch cabinet (3) during the transport of the machine tool.

8. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal arms (9a), in particular the horizontal frame of the control cabinet frame (9) in the cantilevered direction, in particular telescopic, is formed.

9. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control cabinet (3), in particular releasably fastened, feet or a base (14) which in particular has a height up to the upper edge of the horizontal arms (9a) of the control cabinet frame (9) .

10. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a catwalk (12) is fastened in the service aisle (5) between the control cabinet (3) and the vertical frame (9b) of the control cabinet frame (9), in particular in a higher position than the horizontal arms (9a) of the control cabinet frame (9), see above that a service person standing on the catwalk (12) can look diagonally from above into the working area of the machine tool (11).

11. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable harness (7) under the catwalk (12) and in particular above the horizontal arms (9a) of the control cabinet frame (9) from the control cabinet (3) to the machine tool.

12. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bed (2) has at least one, in particular three attachment points (6) for engaging a lifting device.

13. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening points are formed on the lower bed part (2a).

14. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool is a milling machine, in particular an external round milling machine, in particular with the possibility of moving the tool unit in the X and Y directions.

15. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool is a rotary broaching machine, in particular a rotary rotary broaching machine.

16. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (15) of the machine with the control cabinet frame (9), in particular with the upper end of the vertical frame (9b), is screwed.

17. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front ends of the service aisle (5) can be closed by doors (21) for soundproofing reasons.

18. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine has soundproof covers on all sides, and in particular serve as switchgear cabinets on the rear, also in the spaced-apart position.

19. Machine tool kit comprising at least one bed (2) - several different tool assemblies (11) several different control cabinet frames (9) at least one control cabinet (8), characterized in that the control cabinet frames (9, 9 ') different in the assembled state Clearances to the bed (2) of the machine tool, in particular between the bed (2) and the vertical frame (9b) of the control cabinet frame.

20. Machine tool kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the different control cabinet frames (9) have differently long fastening arms (9b, 9d), via which the control cabinet frame (9) is attached to the bed (2) of the machine tool.

21. Machine tool kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a wiring harness cavity (7) for accommodating the wiring harness (7), which connects the control cabinet (3) with the machine tool (1), in the switching cabinet frame (9) and / or in the machine tool (1), in particular at a height directly above the upper edge of the horizontal arms (9a) of the cabinet frame (9).

22. Machine tool kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, depending on the functional principle (eg milling machine, rotary broaching machine, rotary rotary broaching machine), different control cabinet frames (9, 9 ') are used for a machine tool to be produced from the kit.

23. A method for setting up a machine tool (1), in particular a machine tool according to one of the preceding claims or produced from the kit according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a bed (2) and at least one control cabinet (3), characterized in that For the transport of the machine tool (1), the machine tool (1) is completely assembled and electrically connected to the control cabinet (3), the control cabinet (3) being arranged as close as possible to the rear wall (4) of the machine tool (1) and fixed is connected to the bed (2) of the machine tool, the transport by gripping a lifting device at at least three fastening points (6a, b, c) of the bed (2) of the machine tool (1) and lifting the entire machine (1) together with the control cabinet (3 ) happens, and - after parking the machine tool (1) at the customer's control cabinet (3) from the rear (4) of the machine tool (1) is spaced so far that a Ser vicegang (5) between control cabinet (3) and machine tool (1) is created.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the control cabinet (3) with the machine tool (1) after the spacing fixed, in particular screwed.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the connection of the control cabinet (3) with the machine tool (1) by means of a control cabinet frame and / or a catwalk (12).

26. The method according to claim 25 or 24, characterized in that the spacing of the control cabinet (3) from the machine tool (1) without loosening the electrical connection between the control cabinet (3) and machine tool (1) is done by the cable harness (7) sufficient is long and is placed in a loop for transport in a cable harness cavity (9) provided for the machine tool (1).