EP1147806B1 - Apparatus to disperse a high consistency paper fibers slurry and linings for this apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly to disperse paper fiber material, with a high consistency, has a structured clothing tooth set (1, 2). At least a part of the minimum axial gaps (a, b) between the clothing sections at their radial inner zone is significantly larger than the minimum axial gaps (c, d) in the radial outer zone. The paper fiber dispersion clothing set has the feet of at least 80% of the radially outer teeth (3', 3, 4', 4) of a clothing set on a common plane (E1, E2). One clothing set is a component part of a stator (6) and the other clothing set is a part of a powered rotor (5). The minimum axial gap (a) at the tips of the teeth at the radial inner zone of the clothing sets is significantly larger than the minimum axial gap (c) at the teeth tips in the radial outer zone. At the clothing set for the rotor, in at least two of the rows of the radially inner teeth and a maximum of five rows, the minimum axial gaps (a) at the tips of the teeth are significantly larger than the minimum axial gaps (b) in the other rows of teeth in the clothing set. The minimum axial gaps (d) between the tooth flanks are equal in different rows of teeth, as long as their feet lie on the common planes. The minimum axial gaps (b) at the tooth flanks in the radial inner zones of the clothing sets are significantly larger than the minimum axial gaps (d) at the tooth flanks in the radial outer zone. At the clothing set for the rotor, in at least two of the rows of the radially inner teeth and a maximum of five rows, the minimum axial gaps (b) at the flanks of the teeth are significantly larger than the minimum axial gaps (d) in the other rows of teeth in the clothing set. At the clothing set for the stator and the rotor, in at least two of the rows of the radially inner teeth and a maximum of four rows, the height of the teeth are lower over the clothing laying surface than in the other rows. The difference of the minimum axial gaps is at least 2 mm or at least 5 mm and at least 10% of the axial tooth height.

Description

The invention relates to a device for dispersion according to the preamble of Claim 1.

A similar device for dispersing is for example from DE-PS 30 47 013 known. It serves to intensively mechanically and thermally recycle waste paper process, whereby the contaminants contained therein detached from the fibers, crushed and / or brought below the visibility limit. Different to for example in pulp refiners, the machine is used in such machines Fibrous material is not processed in a pumpable suspension, but in the form of a doughy or crumbly high consistency substance, preferably with a dry content between 20 and 35%. In this way, considerably higher shear forces can be applied transfer the pulp, whereby the stated goals can be achieved without doing so there is a significant change in fiber length. In many cases, the effect mechanical treatment by heat, e.g. by hiring one Fiber temperature of 90 ° Celsius or above.

Due to the high consistency that the fibrous material has during the treatment, it is intense mechanical machining possible, although the teeth are relative to each other do not touch movable treatment tools, the so-called sets, but rather at a distance of about 0.5 mm or more with a relatively high Move speed past each other. It is favorable that with sets of this type a very large number of teeth is involved, so the pulp by many Slots (tooth gaps) is divided into small substreams. Without further ado, e.g. twelve steps (rows of teeth) in a row possible. The arrangement of the rows of teeth in Dispersion area with tooth feet on one level has the particular advantage that the Radial flow of the substance in the dispersion area is optimal.

Sets of this type are compact and have an excellent dispersing action. As a rule, a stationary stator and a moving rotor set used. Trimmings can be made from circular ring segments into one Be a full circle.

In devices of the type discussed here, the distance between the sets can be changed, namely by moving the sets axially against each other. This adjustment process allows the effect of the device to be varied in such a way that it meets the requirements. It is obvious that in the case of tightening Intervals the transmitted mechanical power increases. The possibility of Axial adjustment is particularly advantageous if the Set has a certain wear, which leads to an increase in Distances leads. The width of the distances influences the power consumption and also the Volume flow of the high consistency substance through the disperser. The well-known re-enactment can remedy the situation, but it is still not possible with advanced Wear the dispersing machine as optimally as with new sets. As a result, the trimmings often need to be replaced, though not yet are worn out.

DE 29 31 375 A describes a grinding refiner equipped with rows of teeth for highly consistent paper stock and known for lumpy material like wood chips. For Fibers used, it serves the gentle grinding, in which without shortening the Water absorption and elasticity of the fibers should be increased. The "molars" are closed designed wedge-shaped for this purpose. The actual grinding is pre-treated with some more powerful teeth ahead, their gaps on the tooth flanks are considerably larger than the corresponding ones in the grinding zone. Such is a refiner not suitable for effective dispersion.

A disc homogenizer described in SU 1 238 782 A is also included equipped with a large number of axially interlocking teeth, but can only pasty, well sliding materials and not highly consistent paper fiber to process.

The invention is based on the object, the devices for dispersing high consistency paper pulp to improve so that a longer life of the Trimmings until replacement is achieved without undue deterioration of the dispersing effect has to be accepted.

This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

In the case of the dispersing device designed according to the invention, it is taken into account that less wear occurs in the radially inner area of the sets than in radially outer. The main reason for this effect is that the Circumferential speed increases steadily from the inside out, which then also leads to a greater relative speed of the interacting sets leads. The high relative speed, which is essential for the dispersing effect, is the reason a higher wear especially in the places where the largest part of the Dispersion work is done. Because of the features of the invention Possibility to compensate for this wear through axial adjustment.

Possibly due to the larger axial distances in the radial condition when new inner area of the sets a certain proportion of not or only weakly dispersed substance pass this area. Because of the following radially outer This can be tolerated in the dispersion zone. They disperse when new Parts of the set are particularly good anyway. Overall, the set is also in the New condition serve its purpose. Seen in this way by the invention Measures the sets optimally used and exploited over a long period of time so that a far better compromise was found here than has been the case up to now Case was.

Fig. 1

einen Teil einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in geschnittener Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

Aufsicht auf eine Garnitur;

Fig. 3 und 4

Teilansicht eines Garnitursatzes in zwei verschiedenen Positionen zueinander;

Fig. 5

eine Detailansicht zweier in Arbeitsstellung zueinander stehenden Garnituren.

The invention and its advantages are explained with reference to drawings. Show:

Fig. 1

a part of a device according to the invention in a sectional side view;

Fig. 2

Supervision of a set;

3 and 4

Partial view of a set in two different positions to each other;

Fig. 5

a detailed view of two sets standing in the working position to each other.

Fig. 1 shows part of a dispersing device with two relative to each other in Circumferential direction movable complementary sets 1, 2, so together in Intervention that they can work together. They are arranged in relation to each other that everywhere there is a minimal distance between relatively moving surfaces is observed; this can advantageously be larger than 1 mm. The chosen one Representation in the form of a section in side view shows that radial the teeth 3, 4, 3 ', 4' belonging to the different sets from the inside out alternate up to the outer teeth 3 ", 4". The tooth feet are too far predominantly in each case on a level E1 of a set 1 or E2 of second set 2. This allows the material flow in the radially outer part of the Develop sets particularly well and do not tend to get caught and / or Caking. Deviations from this flat arrangement can, however Immediate central inlet area may be useful (rows of teeth with teeth 3 or 4). The teeth row of a set extends into the space between complementary set, for the intended operation of the device Clearances between complementary sets of teeth are maintained have to.

The set 2 shown on the left belongs to the stator 6 and the one shown on the right Set 1 to the rotor 5. This is held by a shaft 10 and in rotation added. The highly consistent paper pulp passes through the feed pipe 9 with the help a screw conveyor 12 centrally in the disperser. Such a substance is relatively tough, different from e.g. a pumpable paper fiber suspension, as in Entstippem or Refiners is processed. It is first captured by the spinner cross 11 and then promoted in the trimmings. The radially innermost row of teeth belongs to the rotor assembly and the radially outermost to the stator set. The axis of rotation of the rotor 5 lies here horizontal, and the radial transport direction of the highly consistent paper pulp lies in vertical planes. The sets are housed in a housing 13.

The set 2 belonging to the stator 6 can be moved in with the aid of a displacement device 8 Axial direction can be adjusted by a few millimeters. As already stated, can thereby the distance between the complementary sets 1 and 2 den Can be set accordingly. According to the invention, the sets 1 and 2 designed so that they have larger axial distances radially inside than radially Outside. You can see here that e.g. on the inner tooth 3 between the tooth tip and axially opposite a clothing surface there is a distance a that is significantly larger than the distance c, which is on the radially last tooth 3 '' 'of the clothing 1 opposite set 2 forms. The axial distances b are also on the tooth flanks and d, which also change due to the adjustment process if they - as drawn here - are oblique to the axial direction. Therefore here are the Axial distances b radially inside larger than the axial distances d radially outside. The However, axial distances on the tooth flanks do not always have to meet these criteria be designed. As a result of the slope there is already one on the flanks There is a larger adjustment path up to the contact of the counter surface than on the Tooth tips.

Fig. 2 shows in supervision a Dispergergarnitursatz, ie a rotor and one Stator fitting. The annular spaces 14 can be seen. The teeth 3, 3 ', 3 ", 4, 4 ', 4" (drawn cut) are arranged in annular rows and extend into the corresponding spaces 14 of the counter set. Of the Many of the teeth are shown only a few. Remain between adjacent teeth Tooth gaps 7 free for the flow of the fibrous material. The shape of the teeth depends according to the intended use of the set. Advantageously, the cross section 21 is the Section is formed in the radial plane, a square, in particular a rectangle. The Cross sections 21 can be slightly rounded at the corners, e.g. for trimmings whose Tooth gaps 7 are already formed during casting. Teeth with such cross sections are generally ideal for dispersing highly consistent fiber.

The set of fittings shown in FIG. 3 also consists of two fittings 1 and 2, although are not engaged here, but are aligned with each other. That you can by Movement on the axially directed allocation lines 21 in engagement in the disperger to be brought. These sets show a concrete practical example of Realization of the invention. For example, the height H2 of the inner tooth 3 of the set 1 same as that of the three outer teeth 3 ', 3 ". The height is in each case above the measured back surface 20 of the set. In this example, the radially innermost tooth 3 of the set 1 as high as e.g. the teeth of the three outer ones Rows of teeth; nevertheless, the task can be solved because the base plate of the Counterpart 2 is thinner at this point. The set 2 belonging to the stator has two radially inner rows of teeth with a lower height H3 than the four further external rows of teeth, which have the smaller height H4. As before was carried out, this is an example which the inventive Design of the dispersing device clarifies. There is of course a larger one Number of different ways to disperger sets so on top of each other to coordinate that they set the required different distances as a set of fittings exhibit.

3 is shown in a position as it is by placing them directly on top of each other (without doing a meaningful work position to reach). You can see that the radially outer part touches at the tooth tips, while the radially inner part has g intervals at the tooth tips.

In Fig. 5 two interlocking sets are drawn in somewhat more detail, without but to reveal all constructive features. The radially inner one is shown Area 17, a middle area 18 and the radially outer area 19. As a rule have sets of this type between three and twelve rows of teeth. With teeth 3 'or 4 ', the middle 17, that is between the teeth 3 and 4 of the inner Rows of teeth and the teeth 3 "or 4" of the outermost rows of teeth can be "Intermediate solutions" can be selected when choosing the distances e or f. With that Values meant between those for the distances a, b, c and d already mentioned lie. The specifically determined wear behavior can be taken into account here.

A centering collar 16 is used for exact centering of the clothing 1 belonging to the rotor provided, but not on the outside diameter of this set, so that there forms a radial projection. This contains a number of axial projections 15, which accelerate and remove the fiber material emerging from the gauze set. Such axial projections can be made of the same material as the set, e.g. without great additional effort to be cast on.

Claims (17)

1. Apparatus for dispersing high-consistency paper pulp, which apparatus contains at least two sets of fittings (1, 2),

   1.1 which each have an essentially rotationally symmetrical shape, and are offset axially in relation to each other,

   1.2 which have teeth (3, 3', 3", 4, 4', 4") arranged in ring-shaped rows concentric with their centres, the cross-section (21) of which teeth in the radial plane has a quadrilateral shape,

   1.3 between which there are tooth spaces (7) that form open sections, through which can flow the pulp which is to be treated, the tooth bases of the radially outer teeth (3', 3", 4', 4") of one set of fittings (1, 2) lying predominantly in a single plane (E1, E2) in each case,

   1.4 which have ring-shaped spaces (14) between the rows of teeth,

   1.5 which are positioned in relation to each other in such a way that at least one row of teeth of one set of fittings (1, 2) extends into a ring-shaped space (14) of the other, complementary, set of fittings (2, 1),

   1.6 where at least one set of fittings (1) can be moved in a circumferential direction relative to the other,

   1.7 where the sets of fittings (1, 2) can be moved in an axial direction relative to each other for the purpose of adjustment,

   characterised in that
   the sets of fittings (1, 2) are shaped in such a way that at least part of the minimum axial distance (a, b) between the sets of fittings (1, 2) in the radially inner area of the fittings (1, 2) is significantly - at least 2 mm - greater than the minimum axial distances (c, d) in the radially outer area.
2. Apparatus as in Claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the tooth bases of at least 80 % of the radially outer teeth (3', 3", 4', 4") of one set of fittings (1, 2) lie in a single plane (E1, E2) in each case.
3. Apparatus as in Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   one set of fittings (2) belongs to a stationary stator (6) and the complementary set (1) belongs to a drivable rotor (5).
4. Apparatus as in Claim 1, 2 or 3,
   characterised in that
   the minimum axial distances (a) at the tooth tips in the radially inner area of the sets of fittings (1, 2) are significantly greater than the minimum axial distances (c) at the tooth tips in the radially outer area.
5. Apparatus as in Claim 2, 3 or 4,
   characterised in that
   at at least two, and at most five, of the radially inner rows of teeth of the set of fittings (1) that belongs to the rotor (5), the minimum axial distances (a) to the tooth tips are significantly greater than the minimum axial distances (b) to the other rows of teeth of this set of fittings (1 ).
6. Apparatus as in Claim 4 or 5,
   characterised in that
   the minimum axial distances at the tooth flanks (d, f) are essentially the same in different rows of teeth, provided that the teeth (3', 3", 4', 4") are based on a single plane (E1, E2).
7. Apparatus as in one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that
   the minimum axial distances (b) at the tooth flanks in the radially inner area of the sets of fittings (1, 2) are significantly greater than the minimum axial distances (d) at the tooth flanks in the radially outer area.
8. Apparatus as in Claim 3,
   characterised in that
   at at least two, and at most five, of the radially inner rows of teeth of the set of fittings (1) that belongs to the rotor (5), the minimum axial distances (b) to the tooth flanks are significantly greater than the minimum axial distances (d, f) to the other rows of teeth of this set of fittings (1).
9. Apparatus as in Claim 3,
   characterised in that
   at least two, and at most four, of the radially inner rows of teeth of the set of fittings (2) that belongs to the stator (6) have a smaller tooth height, measured over the supporting surface (20) of the set of fittings (2), than the other rows of teeth of this set of fittings (2).
10. Apparatus as in Claim 3,
    characterised in that
    at least two, and at most four, of the radially inner rows of teeth of the set of fittings (1) that belongs to the rotor (5) have a smaller tooth height, measured over the supporting surface (20) of the set of fittings (1), than the other rows of teeth of the rotor.
11. Apparatus as in one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that
    the difference between the designated minimum axial distances (a, b, c, d) is at least 2 mm.
12. Apparatus as in Claim 11,
    characterised in that
    the difference between the designated minimum axial distances (a, b, c, d) is at least 5 mm.
13. Apparatus as in one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that
    the difference between the designated minimum axial distances (a, b, c, d) is at least 10 % of the axial tooth height.
14. Apparatus as in Claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the cross-section (21) of the teeth (3, 3', 3", 4, 4', 4") that lies in the radial plane has a rectangular shape.
15. Apparatus as in Claim 13 or 14,
    characterised in that
    the cross-sections (21) are rounded off at the edges.
16. Apparatus as in one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that
    the minimum distance that the teeth (3, 3', 3", 4, 4', 4") of the sets of fittings which can be moved in relation to each other have from one another is at least 1 mm.
17. Disperger fittings set for use in a dispersing apparatus in accordance with one of the preceding Claims, which set consists of two sets of fittings (1, 2), one being a rotor set and one a stator set,
    characterised in that
    the sets of fittings (1, 2), when they are brought into the correct operating position in relation to each other, have, at the tooth tips in the radially inner area, axial distances (a) to the opposite set of fittings that are at least 2 mm greater than the axial distances (b) at the tooth tips in the radially outer area of the sets of fittings (1, 2).

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