EP1136248A1 - Press pad - Google Patents

Press pad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1136248A1
EP1136248A1 EP20010106786 EP01106786A EP1136248A1 EP 1136248 A1 EP1136248 A1 EP 1136248A1 EP 20010106786 EP20010106786 EP 20010106786 EP 01106786 A EP01106786 A EP 01106786A EP 1136248 A1 EP1136248 A1 EP 1136248A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press pad
fluoroelastomer
silicone
pad according
fluororubber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20010106786
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1136248B1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Espe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinische Filztuchfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinische Filztuchfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from DE20005255U external-priority patent/DE20005255U1/en
Priority claimed from DE20008249U external-priority patent/DE20008249U1/en
Application filed by Rheinische Filztuchfabrik GmbH filed Critical Rheinische Filztuchfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP1136248A1 publication Critical patent/EP1136248A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/061—Cushion plates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
    • D03D15/25—Metal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D10B2321/042—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polytetrafluoroethene [PTFE]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3024—Including elastic strand or strip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/3154—Sheath-core multicomponent strand material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/3171—Strand material is a blend of polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/339—Metal or metal-coated strand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/3463—Plural fabric layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a press pad for use in single or multi-day heating presses, consisting of a fabric.
  • Such press pads can be used in various types of high and Low pressure presses, e.g. Short cycle and stack presses for the lamination of chipboard with melamine etc., high pressure presses for the production of high pressure laminates or other presses can be used for many other areas of application.
  • Typical for such press pads is that they are constructed in the form of a fabric made of materials exists or contains materials that are suitable for use at high temperatures up to above 200 ° C are suitable and both the largest possible resilience at a intermittent pressure load and have the greatest possible thermal conductivity.
  • the press pads Since both the components of the aforementioned presses themselves and the material to be pressed more or have smaller tolerances, the press pads have the task of these tolerances balance and transfer the pressure evenly and over the entire surface of the material to be pressed and to ensure an even and full-surface heat transfer.
  • a press cushion of the type described in the introduction is, for example, from DE 90 17 587 U1 known.
  • This is a flexible press cushion fabric made from a yarn aromatic polyamide, which may be mixed with other yarn materials.
  • the Textile fabric should, based on the total weight of the press cushion, metal threads in one Contain between 0 and 70 wt .-% to reduce the thermal conductivity set the required value.
  • the prior art also includes the press pad known from EP 0 735 949 B1, in which the warp threads and / or the weft threads have a silicone elastomer which in the Fabrics, for example, in the form of solid threads or in the form of silicone-coated Metal wire can be included.
  • Hotplate temperatures in the press systems are those to be placed on the press pads Requirements have grown steadily in the recent past.
  • a disadvantage of previous press pad is i.a. to see that their chemical resistance, For example, compared to hydraulic oil, which in the event of oil leakage from the hydraulic presses Upholstery fabric can penetrate, is not sufficiently large. So is the chemical in particular Resistance of silicone elastomers or polyamides to hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins and chlorinated hydrocarbons as well as acids bad or not given at all.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a press pad with which the today's requirements for technically innovative applications can be met.
  • Fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat resistance, which is about 250 ° C and the press pad according to the invention therefore also for use shortest cycle times with correspondingly high heating plate temperatures are ideal.
  • the chemical resistance of fluoroelastomers is also very good. They are for example against hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins, Fluorocarbons and acids absolutely resistant.
  • Fluoroelastomers due to their high elasticity even at high continuous temperatures of over 250 ° C. With the press pad according to the invention can therefore also be the hardest Operating conditions achieve much longer service lives than with the known ones Upholstery types is the case.
  • the basic molecule of a (pure) silicone rubber has the following structure:
  • R stands for an organo group.
  • the above structural formula can be represented by the following empirical formula: - [R 2 SiO] n
  • silicone rubber From such a silicone rubber, the use of press pads to the state of the Technology counts, is created by crosslinking silicone elastomer. Instead of silicone elastomer the term (silicone) rubber or (silicone) vulcanizate is also common.
  • the silicone fluoroelastomer proposed according to the invention differs from the aforementioned silicone rubber or elastomer in that organo groups in the base molecule of the silicone rubber are partially replaced by tri-fluoroalkyl groups. If, for example, a tri-fluoromethyl group is present as the tri-fluoroalkyl group, the silicone fluoroelastomer has the following structural formula:
  • Silicone fluoroelastomers are not only different from conventional silicone elastomers by a completely different production method, but also by considerably Different chemical and physical properties:
  • Silicone fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat resistance, which goes beyond 250 ° C and the press pad according to the invention therefore also for use predestined for the shortest cycle times with correspondingly high heating plate temperatures.
  • the chemical resistance of silicone fluoroelastomers is very good. They are for example against hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins, Fluorocarbons and acids largely resistant.
  • Silicone fluoroelastomers due to their high elasticity even at high continuous temperatures of over 250 ° C.
  • the silicone fluoroelastomers used according to the invention are distinguished due to their higher elasticity and better recovery properties. With the press pad according to the invention can therefore also be the hardest Operating conditions achieve much longer service lives than with the known ones Upholstery types is the case.
  • Fluoroelastomer as well as a silicone fluoroelastomer to use with different proportions to each other.
  • the two types of elastomer mentioned above are well compatible with each other and can complement each other in their properties.
  • a substantial proportion in the sense of the invention is a content of Fluoroelastomer and / or silicone fluoroelastomer on the total weight of the press pad of at least 10%, preferably more than 20%.
  • a so-called blend elastomer before a mixture of a (conventional) silicone rubber and a fluororubber and / or a silicone fluororubber is produced.
  • the proportion of the fluororubber and / or the silicone fluororubber the "blend rubber” should preferably be more than 5% by weight, more preferably more than 10% by weight.
  • a substantial proportion of a blend elastomer is in the sense of the invention Proportion of at least 10% by weight, preferably more than 20% by weight, based on the Total weight of the press pad to understand.
  • warp and / or Weft threads have a substantial proportion of one of the aforementioned silicone elastomers. All warp and / or weft threads can be used with the respective elastomer be provided or only part of the warp and / or weft threads.
  • Elastomers are molded materials that are in the range of their Use temperature that is both below and above room temperature can behave rubber-elastic. Low stresses leave a relatively large deformation to, i.e. the elastic modulus of elastomers is relatively low. Will the tension canceled, the elastomers return to their original state. The Elongation at break in the tensile test is several 100%.
  • the molecules of elastomers are cross-linked.
  • This degree of crosslinking is both at temperatures below 0 ° C and at very high high temperatures, i.e. up to the decomposition temperature, which is above 250 ° C can exist.
  • the tensile set of elastomers is very small and lies typically around 2%.
  • Elastomers are made by cross-linking (vulcanization) rubber Crosslinking agents produced. You can neither by exposure to heat nor by moderate pressure can be permanently deformed. Either serves as the starting material Natural rubber, which is a pure hydrocarbon compound, or synthetic rubbers made by polymerization, polycondensation or polyaddition getting produced. The raw material is therefore called rubber, whereas the finished one cross-linked product called vulcanizate, rubber or elastomer.
  • thermoplastics are linear or more or less branched uncrosslinked polymers.
  • Thermoplastics are above the Service temperature can be repeatedly formed and processed in a molten state.
  • the Molecular chains are connected to each other by secondary valence forces that occur during heating or plastification and thus processing, for example in the form injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, thermoforming, etc.
  • Thermoplastics not during processing due to excessive thermal stress be chemically damaged, i.e. undergo strong molecular degradation, they can current knowledge can be reprocessed several times without an essential one Loss of material properties occurs.
  • thermoplastics The tensile set of thermoplastics is greater than 50% and above it Operating temperature range, they have a flow temperature range that is practical Use must be avoided if possible.
  • the possible elongations at break are essential less than with elastomers.
  • the elastic modulus is greater than that of elastomers, so that thermoplastics have hardly elastic properties such as elastomers exhibit.
  • thermoplastic polymers with a fluorine content Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETF), perfluoroalkoxy copolymer (PFA), polytrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) known.
  • PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
  • EDF ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA perfluoroalkoxy copolymer
  • PCTFE polytrifluoroethylene
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
  • FEP tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer
  • thermoplastic compounds differ fundamentally from those of elastomers (or rubbers).
  • warp and / or weft threads have a metal content.
  • This metal part can on the one hand in the form of metal powder in an elastomer material, for example in the Silicone fluoroelastomer or the blend elastomer can be introduced or in the form of Metal threads can be contained in the warp and / or weft threads.
  • the weaving processing is considerably simplified if the elastomer material containing thread also a thread core with a much larger Has modulus of elasticity.
  • the thread core consists of metal, in particular from a plurality of individual filaments, usually as strands be designated.
  • the thread core usefully consists of copper braid or Brass braid or (precious) steel braid.
  • the fluoroelastomer by means of co- or terpolymerization of vinyl chloride with hexafluoropropylene (HTP), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), 1-hydropentafluoropropylene (HTPE) or perfluoromethyl vinyl ether (FMVE) is.
  • HTP hexafluoropropylene
  • TFE tetrafluoroethylene
  • HTPE 1-hydropentafluoropropylene
  • FMVE perfluoromethyl vinyl ether
  • the invention is based on an embodiment shown in the drawing is illustrated, explained in more detail.
  • the drawing figure shows a cross section through a Weft thread of a press cushion fabric according to the invention.
  • a weft thread 1 is composed of a thread core 2 and a surrounding one Thread jacket 3 composed.
  • the thread core 2 consists of a copper strand, which consists of a Large number of individual thin copper wires 4, which can be twisted together, is composed.
  • the thread jacket 3 consists of a fluoroelastomer or silicone fluoroelastomer material.
  • a thread jacket 3 Blend elastomer to use which consists of cross-linking a mixture of one (conventional) silicone rubber and made of a fluororubber and / or a silicone fluororubber is made.
  • a press cushion fabric with excellent thermal resistance and resistance compared to almost all chemical compounds that occur in press use, as well as very warp threads made of brass or copper braid have good cushioning and elasticity properties and wefts 1 of the type described above. Depending on any special Use requirements can possibly be additional yarns in both thread systems to be added.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Abstract

The press padding is formed by a woven material with a significant content of a silicon fluoroelastomer. The woven material contains a significant content of a blended elastomer, through the crosslinking of a mixture of silicon rubber and a silicon fluororubber. The silicon fluororubber comprises at least 20 wt% of the mixture. The warp and/or weft yarns (1) contain a significant content of a silicon fluoroelastomer. They also contain metal elements as metal filaments. The warp and/or weft yarns (1) have a core (2) of a high tensile and temperature resistant filament material, and a mantle (3) of silicon fluoroelastomer. The yarn core (2) can be of metal, as a number of separate metal filaments (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Preßpolster für den Einsatz in Ein- oder Mehretagen-Heizpressen, bestehend aus einem Gewebe.The invention relates to a press pad for use in single or multi-day heating presses, consisting of a fabric.

Derartige Preßpolster können für den Einsatz in verschiedensten Arten von Hoch- und Niederdruckpressen, z.B. Kurztakt- und Etagenpressen für die Kaschierung von Spanplatten mit Melamin etc., Hochdruckpressen für die Herstellung von Hochdrucklaminaten oder sonstigen Pressen für viele andere Anwendungsbereiche verwendet werden. Typisch für derartige Preßpolster ist, daß sie in Form eines Gewebes aufgebaut sind, das aus Materialien besteht bzw. Materialien enthält, die für den Einsatz bei hohen Temperaturen bis oberhalb von 200°C geeignet sind und dabei sowohl ein möglichst großes Rückstellvermögen bei einer intermittierenden Druckbelastung als auch eine möglichst große Wärmeleitfähigkeit besitzen.Such press pads can be used in various types of high and Low pressure presses, e.g. Short cycle and stack presses for the lamination of chipboard with melamine etc., high pressure presses for the production of high pressure laminates or other presses can be used for many other areas of application. Typical for such press pads is that they are constructed in the form of a fabric made of materials exists or contains materials that are suitable for use at high temperatures up to above 200 ° C are suitable and both the largest possible resilience at a intermittent pressure load and have the greatest possible thermal conductivity.

Da sowohl die Bauteile der vorgenannten Pressen selbst als auch das Preßgut mehr oder weniger große Toleranzen aufweisen, haben die Preßpolster die Aufgabe, diese Toleranzen auszugleichen und den Preßdruck gleichmäßig und vollflächig auf das Preßgut zu übertragen und dabei für eine ebenfalls gleichmäßige und vollflächige Wärmeübertragung zu sorgen.Since both the components of the aforementioned presses themselves and the material to be pressed more or have smaller tolerances, the press pads have the task of these tolerances balance and transfer the pressure evenly and over the entire surface of the material to be pressed and to ensure an even and full-surface heat transfer.

Ein Preßpolster der eingangs beschriebenen Art ist beispielsweise aus der DE 90 17 587 U1 bekannt. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein flexibles Preßpolstergewebe aus einem Garn aus aromatischem Polyamid, das gegebenenfalls mit anderen Garnmaterialien gemischt ist. Das textile Gewebe soll, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Preßpolsters, Metallfäden in einem Anteil zwischen 0 und 70 Gew.-% enthalten, um die Wärmeleitfähigkeit auf den erforderlichen Wert einzustellen.A press cushion of the type described in the introduction is, for example, from DE 90 17 587 U1 known. This is a flexible press cushion fabric made from a yarn aromatic polyamide, which may be mixed with other yarn materials. The Textile fabric should, based on the total weight of the press cushion, metal threads in one Contain between 0 and 70 wt .-% to reduce the thermal conductivity set the required value.

Des weiteren ist aus der EP 0 713 762 A2 ein Preßpolster für Hoch- und Niederdruckpressen aus einem Material bekannt, das durch die folgenden Bestandteile gekennzeichnet ist:

  • Gruppe 1:
  • 1.1 Garn aus aromatischem Polyamid, das gegebenenfalls mit anderen Garnmaterialien gemischt ist und Metallfäden in beliebigen Anteilen enthält
  • 1.2 Metallgarn
  • Gruppe 2:
  • 2.1 Hitzebeständiges Filament aus Gummi oder Gummimischung
  • 2.2 Hitzebeständiges Filament aus Silikon oder Silikonmischung
  • 2.3 Hitzebeständiges elastisches Kunststoff-Filament
  • 2.4 Material der Gruppen 2.1, 2.2 und/oder 2.3 mit Metallseele, wobei diese nicht mit dem sie umgebenden Material fest verbunden sein muß
  • 2.5 Material wenigstens einer der Gruppen 2.1 bis 2.4, mit Metallfäden umlegt
  • 2.6 Garn der Gruppe 1.1, jedoch ohne Metallfäden.
    • Furthermore, EP 0 713 762 A2 discloses a press pad for high and low pressure presses made of a material which is characterized by the following components:
  • Group 1:
  • 1.1 Yarn made from aromatic polyamide, which may be mixed with other yarn materials and contains metal threads in any proportion
  • 1.2 metal thread
  • Group 2:
  • 2.1 Heat-resistant filament made of rubber or rubber compound
  • 2.2 Heat-resistant filament made of silicone or silicone mixture
  • 2.3 Heat-resistant elastic plastic filament
  • 2.4 Material of groups 2.1, 2.2 and / or 2.3 with metal core, whereby this does not have to be firmly connected to the material surrounding it
  • 2.5 Material of at least one of groups 2.1 to 2.4, covered with metal threads
  • 2.6 Group 1.1 yarn, but without metal threads.

    • Zum Stand der Technik zählt des weiteren das aus der EP 0 735 949 B1 bekannte Preßpolster, bei dem die Kettfäden und/oder die Schußfäden ein Silikonelastomer aufweisen, das in dem Gewebe beispielsweise in Form von Vollfäden oder in Form von mit Silikon ummanteltem Metalldraht enthalten sein kann.The prior art also includes the press pad known from EP 0 735 949 B1, in which the warp threads and / or the weft threads have a silicone elastomer which in the Fabrics, for example, in the form of solid threads or in the form of silicone-coated Metal wire can be included.

    Durch den Trend zu immer kürzeren Preßzeiten und den damit verbundenen höheren Heizplattentemperaturen bei den Pressenanlagen sind die an die Preßpolster zu stellenden Anforderungen in der jüngeren Vergangenheit stetig angewachsen. Ein Nachteil der bisherigen Preßpolster ist u.a. darin zu sehen, daß ihre chemische Beständigkeit, beispielsweise gegenüber Hydrauliköl, das bei Ölleckagen aus den Hydraulikpressen in das Polstergewebe eindringen kann, nicht ausreichend groß ist. So ist insbesondere die chemische Beständigkeit von Silikonelastomeren oder Polyamiden gegenüber heißen Ölen, Benzin, aliphatischen und aromatischen Olefinen und Chlorkohlenwasserstoffen sowie Säuren schlecht bzw. überhaupt nicht gegeben.Due to the trend towards ever shorter press times and the associated higher press times Hotplate temperatures in the press systems are those to be placed on the press pads Requirements have grown steadily in the recent past. A disadvantage of previous press pad is i.a. to see that their chemical resistance, For example, compared to hydraulic oil, which in the event of oil leakage from the hydraulic presses Upholstery fabric can penetrate, is not sufficiently large. So is the chemical in particular Resistance of silicone elastomers or polyamides to hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins and chlorinated hydrocarbons as well as acids bad or not given at all.

    Außerdem entstehen bei der Polykondensation von Aminoplastharzen in den Pressenanlagen chemische Spaltprodukte, die ebenfalls in die Polstergewebe eindringen und diese angreifen können.In addition, the polycondensation of aminoplast resins occurs in the press systems chemical fission products that also penetrate and attack the upholstery can.

    Des weiteren hat sich herausgestellt, daß die bisher eingesetzten Preßpolstertypen bei den relativ hohen Dauertemperaturen von 100°C bis 250°C vorzeitig verspröden oder hydrolisieren und somit über keine Polstereigenschaften mehr verfügen.Furthermore, it has been found that the press pad types used to date in the embrittles or relatively high permanent temperatures of 100 ° C to 250 ° C prematurely hydrolize and therefore no longer have upholstery properties.

    Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Preßpolster vorzuschlagen, mit dem die heutigen Anforderungen bei technisch innovativen Anwendungen erfüllt werden können. The invention has for its object to propose a press pad with which the today's requirements for technically innovative applications can be met.

    Insbesondere soll eine hohe Dauertemperaturbeständigkeit bei Temperaturen über 250°C und eine chemische Beständigkeit gegenüber heißen Ölen, Benzin, aliphatischen und aromatischen Olefinen, Chlorkohlenwasserstoffen sowie Säuren gegeben sein. Außerdem soll auch eine hohe Flexibilität sowie gute Rückstelleigenschaft des Gewebematerials gewährleistet sein.In particular, a high permanent temperature resistance at temperatures above 250 ° C and chemical resistance to hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins, chlorinated hydrocarbons and acids. In addition, should also high flexibility and good resilience of the fabric material to be guaranteed.

    Ausgehend von einem Preßpolster der eingangs beschriebenen Art, wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß zum einen dadurch gelöst, daß das Gewebe einen wesentlichen Anteil eines Fluorelastomers und/oder eines Silikon-Fluorelastomers aufweist.Starting from a press pad of the type described above, this task solved according to the invention on the one hand in that the tissue has a substantial proportion of a Has fluoroelastomer and / or a silicone fluoroelastomer.

    Fluorelastomere zeichnen sich durch eine hervorragende Wärmebeständigkeit aus, die über 250°C hinausgeht und das erfindungsgemäße Preßpolster daher für einen Einsatz auch bei kürzesten Taktzeiten mit entsprechend hohen Heizplattentemperaturen prädestiniert. Außerdem ist die chemische Beständigkeit von Fluorelastomeren sehr gut. Sie sind beispielsweise gegenüber heißen Ölen, Benzin, aliphatischen und aromatischen Olefinen, Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen und Säuren absolut resistent. Des weiteren zeichnen sich Fluorelastomere durch ihre hohe Elastizität auch bei hohen Dauertemperaturen von über 250°C aus. Mit dem Preßpolster gemäß der Erfindung lassen sich daher auch unter härtesten Einsatzbedingungen wesentlich längere Standzeiten erzielen, als dies bei den bekannten Polstertypen der Fall ist.Fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat resistance, which is about 250 ° C and the press pad according to the invention therefore also for use shortest cycle times with correspondingly high heating plate temperatures are ideal. The chemical resistance of fluoroelastomers is also very good. they are for example against hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins, Fluorocarbons and acids absolutely resistant. Furthermore stand out Fluoroelastomers due to their high elasticity even at high continuous temperatures of over 250 ° C. With the press pad according to the invention can therefore also be the hardest Operating conditions achieve much longer service lives than with the known ones Upholstery types is the case.

    Das Grundmolekül eines (reinen) Silikonkautschuks hat die folgende Struktur:

    Figure 00030001
    The basic molecule of a (pure) silicone rubber has the following structure:
    Figure 00030001

    R steht dabei für eine Organo-Gruppe. Die vorstehende Strukturformel läßt sich durch folgende Summenformel wiedergeben: ― [R2SiO]n R stands for an organo group. The above structural formula can be represented by the following empirical formula: - [R 2 SiO] n

    Aus einem derartigen Silikonkautschuk, dessen Einsatz bei Preßpolstern zum Stand der Technik zählt, entsteht durch Vernetzung Silikonelastomer. Anstelle von Silikonelastomer ist auch die Bezeichnung (Silikon-)Gummi oder (Silikon-)Vulkanisat gebräuchlich.From such a silicone rubber, the use of press pads to the state of the Technology counts, is created by crosslinking silicone elastomer. Instead of silicone elastomer the term (silicone) rubber or (silicone) vulcanizate is also common.

    Von dem vorgenannten Silikonkautschuk bzw. -elastomer unterscheidet sich das erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Silikon-Fluorelastomer dadurch, daß partiell Organo-Gruppen in dem Grundmolekül des Silikonkautschuks durch Tri-Fluoralkylgruppen ersetzt werden. Ist als Tri-Fluoralkylgruppe beispielsweise eine Tri-Fluormethylgruppe vorhanden, so besitzt das Silikon-Fluorelastomer folgende Strukturformel:

    Figure 00040001
    The silicone fluoroelastomer proposed according to the invention differs from the aforementioned silicone rubber or elastomer in that organo groups in the base molecule of the silicone rubber are partially replaced by tri-fluoroalkyl groups. If, for example, a tri-fluoromethyl group is present as the tri-fluoroalkyl group, the silicone fluoroelastomer has the following structural formula:
    Figure 00040001

    Silikon-Fluorelastomere unterscheiden sich von herkömmlichen Silikonelastomeren nicht nur durch eine gänzlich unterschiedliche Herstellungsweise, sondern auch durch erheblich voneinander abweichende chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften:Silicone fluoroelastomers are not only different from conventional silicone elastomers by a completely different production method, but also by considerably Different chemical and physical properties:

    Silikon-Fluorelastomere zeichnen sich durch eine hervorragende Wärmebeständigkeit aus, die über 250°C hinausgeht und das erfindungsgemäße Preßpolster daher für einen Einsatz auch bei kürzesten Taktzeiten mit entsprechend hohen Heizplattentemperaturen prädestiniert. Außerdem ist die chemische Beständigkeit von Silikon-Fluorelastomeren sehr gut. Sie sind beispielsweise gegenüber heißen Ölen, Benzin, aliphatischen und aromatischen Olefinen, Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen und Säuren weitestgehend resistent. Des weiteren zeichnen sich Silikon-Fluorelastomere durch ihre hohe Elastizität auch bei hohen Dauertemperaturen von über 250°C aus. Gegenüber reinen Fluorelastomeren bzw. Fluorkautschuken, die keinerlei Siliziumatome aufweisen, zeichnen sich die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Silikon-Fluorelastomere durch ihre höhere Elastizität und ihre besseren Rückstelleigenschaften aus. Mit dem Preßpolster gemäß der Erfindung lassen sich daher auch unter härtesten Einsatzbedingungen wesentlich längere Standzeiten erzielen, als dies bei den bekannten Polstertypen der Fall ist.Silicone fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat resistance, which goes beyond 250 ° C and the press pad according to the invention therefore also for use predestined for the shortest cycle times with correspondingly high heating plate temperatures. In addition, the chemical resistance of silicone fluoroelastomers is very good. they are for example against hot oils, petrol, aliphatic and aromatic olefins, Fluorocarbons and acids largely resistant. Furthermore stand out Silicone fluoroelastomers due to their high elasticity even at high continuous temperatures of over 250 ° C. Compared to pure fluoroelastomers or fluororubbers that have no Having silicon atoms, the silicone fluoroelastomers used according to the invention are distinguished due to their higher elasticity and better recovery properties. With the press pad according to the invention can therefore also be the hardest Operating conditions achieve much longer service lives than with the known ones Upholstery types is the case.

    Nach der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, in dem Preßpolster zugleich sowohl ein Fluorelastomer als auch ein Silikon-Fluorelastomer zu verwenden, und zwar mit verschiedenen Anteilen zueinander. Die beiden vorgenannten Elastomerarten sind miteinander gut verträglich und können sich in ihren Eigenschaften ergänzen.According to the invention, it is also possible in the press pad at the same time both Fluoroelastomer as well as a silicone fluoroelastomer to use with different proportions to each other. The two types of elastomer mentioned above are well compatible with each other and can complement each other in their properties.

    Unter einem wesentlichen Anteil im Sinne der Erfindung ist dabei ein Gehalt an Fluorelastomer und/oder Silikon-Fluorelastomer an dem Gesamtgewicht des Preßpolsters von wenigstens 10 %, vorzugweise von mehr als 20 %, zu verstehen.A substantial proportion in the sense of the invention is a content of Fluoroelastomer and / or silicone fluoroelastomer on the total weight of the press pad of at least 10%, preferably more than 20%.

    Nach der Erfindung kann entweder Fluorelastomer und/oder Silikon-Fluorelastomer in reiner Form, d.h. ohne weitere Beimischungen, in dem Gewebe vorhanden sein oder aber es liegt nach einer alternativen erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ein sogenanntes Blend-Elastomer vor, bei dem vor der Vernetzung eine Mischung aus einem (herkömmlichen) Silikonkautschuk und einem Fluorkautschuk und/oder einem Silikon-Fluorkautschuk hergestellt wird. Durch Variation der Anteile von Silikonkautschuk einerseits und Fluorkautschuk und/oder Silikon-Flourkautschuk andererseits lassen sich die Polstereigenschaften je nach Anwendungsfall individuell einstellen. Der Anteil des Fluorkautschuks und/oder des Silikon-Fluorkautschuks an dem "Blend-Kautschuk" sollte dabei vorzugsweise mehr als 5 Gew.%, besser mehr als 10 Gew.-%, betragen. Durch die Verwendung von Blend-Elastomeren können die Materialkosten bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Preßpolsters bedarfsweise deutlich gesenkt werden, wobei gegenüber reinen Silikonelastomeren dennoch auch bei relativ geringen Anteilen von Fluorkautschuk und/oder Silikon-Fluorkautschuk eine drastische Verbesserung der beim Preßpolstereinsatz relevanten chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften erzielt wird.According to the invention, either fluoroelastomer and / or silicone fluoroelastomer in pure Shape, i.e. without further admixtures, be present in the tissue or else it is lying according to an alternative solution according to the invention, a so-called blend elastomer before a mixture of a (conventional) silicone rubber and a fluororubber and / or a silicone fluororubber is produced. By Varying the proportions of silicone rubber on the one hand and fluororubber and / or silicone fluororubber on the other hand, the upholstery properties can be adjusted depending on the application set individually. The proportion of the fluororubber and / or the silicone fluororubber the "blend rubber" should preferably be more than 5% by weight, more preferably more than 10% by weight. By using blend elastomers, the Material costs in the manufacture of the press pad according to the invention clearly when necessary can be reduced, compared to pure silicone elastomers still with relative low proportions of fluororubber and / or silicone fluororubber a drastic Improvement of the chemical and physical relevant for press pad use Properties is achieved.

    Unter einem wesentlichen Anteil eines Blend-Elastomers ist im Sinne der Erfindung ein Anteil von wenigstens 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mehr als 20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Preßpolsters, zu verstehen.A substantial proportion of a blend elastomer is in the sense of the invention Proportion of at least 10% by weight, preferably more than 20% by weight, based on the Total weight of the press pad to understand.

    Neben der Möglichkeit, Fluorkautschuk, Silikon-Fluorkautschuk und/oder einen vorstehend beschriebenen Blendkautschuk beispielsweise auf ein Metallsiebgewebe aufzutragen und dann zu vulkanisieren, ist es als besonders vorteilhaft anzusehen, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden einen wesentlichen Anteil eines der vorgenannten Silikon-Elastomere aufweisen. Hierbei können jeweils sämtliche Kett- und/oder Schußfäden mit dem jeweiligen Elastomer versehen sein oder aber jeweils nur ein Teil der Kett- und/oder Schußfäden.In addition to the possibility of fluororubber, silicone-fluororubber and / or one above described blend rubber to apply, for example, to a metal mesh and then to vulcanize, it is considered particularly advantageous that warp and / or Weft threads have a substantial proportion of one of the aforementioned silicone elastomers. All warp and / or weft threads can be used with the respective elastomer be provided or only part of the warp and / or weft threads.

    Bei Elastomeren handelt es sich um Formstoffe, die sich im Bereich ihrer Gebrauchstemperatur, die sowohl unterhalb als auch oberhalb der Raumtemperatur liegen kann, gummielastisch verhalten. Geringe Spannungen lassen eine relativ große Verformung zu, d.h. der Elastizitätsmodul von Elastomeren ist relativ gering. Wird die Spannung aufgehoben, gehen die Elastomere wieder in ihren ursprünglichen Zustand zurück. Die Bruchdehnung im Zugversuch liegt bei mehreren 100 %.Elastomers are molded materials that are in the range of their Use temperature that is both below and above room temperature can behave rubber-elastic. Low stresses leave a relatively large deformation to, i.e. the elastic modulus of elastomers is relatively low. Will the tension canceled, the elastomers return to their original state. The Elongation at break in the tensile test is several 100%.

    Die Moleküle von Elastomeren sind weitmaschig vernetzt. Nach Produkt und Vernetzungsgrad ist dieser Zustand sowohl bei Temperaturen unter 0°C als auch bei sehr hohen Temperaturen, d.h. bis nahe an die Zersetzungstemperatur, die bei über 250°C liegen kann, vorhanden. Der Zugverformungsrest von Elastomeren ist sehr klein und liegt typischerweise etwa bei 2 %.The molecules of elastomers are cross-linked. By product and This degree of crosslinking is both at temperatures below 0 ° C and at very high high temperatures, i.e. up to the decomposition temperature, which is above 250 ° C can exist. The tensile set of elastomers is very small and lies typically around 2%.

    Elastomere werden durch Vernetzung (Vulkanisation) von Kautschuk unter Verwendung von Vernetzungsmitteln hergestellt. Sie können weder durch Hitzeeinwirkung noch durch mäßigen Druck wesentlich bleibend verformt werden. Als Ausgangsstoff dient entweder Naturkautschuk, bei dem es sich um eine reine Kohlenwasserstoffverbindung handelt, oder synthetische Kautschuke, die durch Polymerisation, Polykondensation oder Polyaddition hergestellt werden. Der Ausgangsstoff wird daher als Kautschuk, hingegen das fertige vernetzte Produkt als Vulkanisat, Gummi oder Elastomer bezeichnet.Elastomers are made by cross-linking (vulcanization) rubber Crosslinking agents produced. You can neither by exposure to heat nor by moderate pressure can be permanently deformed. Either serves as the starting material Natural rubber, which is a pure hydrocarbon compound, or synthetic rubbers made by polymerization, polycondensation or polyaddition getting produced. The raw material is therefore called rubber, whereas the finished one cross-linked product called vulcanizate, rubber or elastomer.

    Im Gegensatz zu Elastomeren handelt es sich bei Thermoplasten um lineare bzw. mehr oder weniger verzweigte unvernetzte Polymere. Thermoplaste sind oberhalb der Gebrauchstemperatur wiederholt umformbar und schmelzflüssig verarbeitbar. Die Molekülketten sind durch Nebenvalenzkräfte miteinander verbunden, die bei der Erwärmung bzw. Plastifizierung aufgehoben werden und somit eine Verarbeitung, beispielsweise in Form von Spritzgießen, Extrudieren, Blasformen, Thermoformen usw., ermöglichen. Sofern Thermoplaste nicht bei der Verarbeitung durch übermäßige thermische Beanspruchung chemisch geschädigt werden, d.h. einen starken molekularen Abbau erleiden, können sie nach heutigen Erkenntnissen mehrfach wiederverarbeitet werden, ohne daß eine wesentliche Einbuße bei den Materialeigenschaften eintritt. In contrast to elastomers, thermoplastics are linear or more or less branched uncrosslinked polymers. Thermoplastics are above the Service temperature can be repeatedly formed and processed in a molten state. The Molecular chains are connected to each other by secondary valence forces that occur during heating or plastification and thus processing, for example in the form injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, thermoforming, etc. Provided Thermoplastics not during processing due to excessive thermal stress be chemically damaged, i.e. undergo strong molecular degradation, they can current knowledge can be reprocessed several times without an essential one Loss of material properties occurs.

    Der Zugverformungsrest von Thermoplasten ist größer als 50 %, und oberhalb ihres Gebrauchstemperaturbereichs weisen sie einen Fließtemperaturbereich auf, der im praktischen Einsatz möglichst vermieden werden muß. Die möglichen Bruchdehnungen sind wesentlich geringer als bei Elastomeren. Hingegen ist der Elastizitätsmodul größer als bei Elastomeren, so daß Thermoplaste kaum Elastizitätseigenschaften wie beispielsweise Elastomere aufweisen. Als thermoplastische Polymere mit einem Fluoranteil sind beispielsweise Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), Ethylentetrafluorethylen (ETF), Perfluoralkoxy-Copolymer (PFA), Polytrifluorethylen (PCTFE), Ethylenchlortrifluorethylen (ECTFE), Polyvinylfluorid (PVF), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF), Tetrafluorethylen/Hexafluorpropylen-Copolymer (FEP) bekannt.The tensile set of thermoplastics is greater than 50% and above it Operating temperature range, they have a flow temperature range that is practical Use must be avoided if possible. The possible elongations at break are essential less than with elastomers. In contrast, the elastic modulus is greater than that of elastomers, so that thermoplastics have hardly elastic properties such as elastomers exhibit. Examples include thermoplastic polymers with a fluorine content Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETF), perfluoroalkoxy copolymer (PFA), polytrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) known.

    Die physikalischen Eigenschaften der vorgenannten thermoplastischen Verbindungen unterscheiden sich von denen der Elastomere (bzw. Kautschuke) grundsätzlich.The physical properties of the aforementioned thermoplastic compounds differ fundamentally from those of elastomers (or rubbers).

    Zur Verbesserung der Wärmeleitfähigkeitseigenschaften des Preßpolsters wird vorgeschlagen, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden einen Metallanteil aufweisen. Dieser Metallanteil kann einerseits in Form von Metallpulver in einen Elastomerwerkstoff, beispielsweise in das Silikon-Fluorelastomer oder das Blend-Elastomer eingebracht werden oder aber in Form von Metallfäden in den Kett- und/oder Schußfäden enthalten sein.To improve the thermal conductivity properties of the press cushion, it is proposed that that warp and / or weft threads have a metal content. This metal part can on the one hand in the form of metal powder in an elastomer material, for example in the Silicone fluoroelastomer or the blend elastomer can be introduced or in the form of Metal threads can be contained in the warp and / or weft threads.

    Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Preßpolsters sind die Kett- und/oder Schußfäden aus einem Fadenkern aus einem hochfesten und temperaturbeständigen Garnmaterial und einem Fadenmantel aus Fluorelastomer, Silikon-Fluorelastomer und/oder einem wie vorstehend beschriebenen Blend-Elastomer zusammengesetzt. Im Vergleich zu der Verarbeitung von Vollfäden aus Elastomer wird die webtechnische Verarbeitung wesentlich vereinfacht, wenn ein das Elastomermaterial enthaltender Faden zugleich auch einen Fadenkern mit einem wesentlich größeren Elastizitätsmodul aufweist.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the press pad according to the invention, the Warp and / or weft threads from a thread core from a high-strength and temperature-resistant yarn material and a thread jacket made of fluoroelastomer, silicone fluoroelastomer and / or a blend elastomer as described above composed. In comparison to the processing of solid threads made of elastomer, the weaving processing is considerably simplified if the elastomer material containing thread also a thread core with a much larger Has modulus of elasticity.

    Die Erfindung weiter ausgestaltend, ist vorgesehen, daß der Fadenkern aus Metall besteht, insbesondere aus einer Mehrzahl von Einzelfilamenten, die üblicherweise als Litzen bezeichnet werden. Developing the invention further, it is provided that the thread core consists of metal, in particular from a plurality of individual filaments, usually as strands be designated.

    Aufgrund der guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Kupfer und seinen Legierungen bzw. aufgrund der hohen Resistenz von Edelstahl besteht der Fadenkern sinnvollerweise aus Kupferlitze oder Messinglitze oder (Edel)Stahllitze.Because of the good thermal conductivity of copper and its alloys or due to Due to the high resistance of stainless steel, the thread core usefully consists of copper braid or Brass braid or (precious) steel braid.

    Schließlich wird erfindungsgemäß noch vorgeschlagen, daß das Fluorelastomer mittels Co- oder Terpolymerisation von Vinylchlorid mit Hexafluorpropylen (HTP), Tetrafluorethylen (TFE), 1-Hydropentafluorpropylen (HTPE) oder Perfluormethylvinylether (FMVE) erzeugt ist.Finally, it is proposed according to the invention that the fluoroelastomer by means of co- or terpolymerization of vinyl chloride with hexafluoropropylene (HTP), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), 1-hydropentafluoropropylene (HTPE) or perfluoromethyl vinyl ether (FMVE) is.

    Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels, das in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungsfigur zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen Schußfaden eines erfindungsgemäßen Preßpolstergewebes.The invention is based on an embodiment shown in the drawing is illustrated, explained in more detail. The drawing figure shows a cross section through a Weft thread of a press cushion fabric according to the invention.

    Ein Schußfaden 1 ist aus einem Fadenkern 2 und einem diesen allseits umgebenden Fadenmantel 3 zusammengesetzt. Der Fadenkern 2 besteht aus einer Kupferlitze, die aus einer Vielzahl von einzelnen dünnen Kupferdrähten 4, die miteinander verdrillt sein können, zusammengesetzt ist. Der Fadenmantel 3 besteht aus einem Fluorelastomer- oder Silikon-Fluorelastomermaterial. Alternativ hierzu ist es auch möglich, für den Fadenmantel 3 ein Blend-Elastomer zu verwenden, das aus Vernetzung einer Mischung aus einem (herkömmlichen) Silikonkautschuk und aus einem Fluorkautschuk und/oder einem Silikon-Fluorkautschuk hergestellt ist.A weft thread 1 is composed of a thread core 2 and a surrounding one Thread jacket 3 composed. The thread core 2 consists of a copper strand, which consists of a Large number of individual thin copper wires 4, which can be twisted together, is composed. The thread jacket 3 consists of a fluoroelastomer or silicone fluoroelastomer material. As an alternative to this, it is also possible to use a thread jacket 3 Blend elastomer to use, which consists of cross-linking a mixture of one (conventional) silicone rubber and made of a fluororubber and / or a silicone fluororubber is made.

    Ein Preßpolstergewebe mit ausgezeichneter thermischer Beständigkeit und Resistenz gegenüber fast allen im Presseneinsatz auftretenden chemischen Verbindungen sowie mit sehr guten Polster- bzw. Elastizitätseigenschaften besitzt Kettfäden aus Messing- oder Kupferlitze und Schußfäden 1 der zuvor beschriebenen Art. In Abhängigkeit von eventuell besonderen Einsatzanforderungen können eventuell in beiden Fadensystemen noch weitere Garne hinzugefügt werden.A press cushion fabric with excellent thermal resistance and resistance compared to almost all chemical compounds that occur in press use, as well as very warp threads made of brass or copper braid have good cushioning and elasticity properties and wefts 1 of the type described above. Depending on any special Use requirements can possibly be additional yarns in both thread systems to be added.

    Claims (11)

    Preßpolster für den Einsatz in Ein- oder Mehretagen-Heizpressen, bestehend aus einem Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gewebe einen wesentlichen Anteil eines Fluorelastomers und/oder eines Silikon-Fluorelastomers aufweist.Press pad for use in single or multi-day heating presses, consisting of a fabric, characterized in that the fabric has a substantial proportion of a fluoroelastomer and / or a silicone fluoroelastomer. Preßpolster nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gewebe einen wesentlichen Anteil eines Blend-Elastomers aufweist, das durch Vernetzung einer Mischung aus einem Silikonkautschuk und einem Fluorkautschuk oder einem Silikon-Fluorkautschuk hergestellt ist.Press pad according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the fabric has a substantial proportion of a blend elastomer, which is produced by crosslinking a mixture of a silicone rubber and a fluororubber or a silicone-fluororubber. Preßpolster nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil des Fluorkautschuks und/oder des Silikon-Fluorkautschuks an der Mischung mindestens 5 Gew.%, vorzugsweise mindestens 10 Gew.-%, beträgt.Press pad according to claim 2, characterized in that the proportion of the fluororubber and / or the silicone-fluororubber in the mixture is at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight. Preßpolster nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden (1) einen wesentlichen Anteil eines Fluorelastomers, eines Silikon-Fluorelastomers und/oder eines Blend-Elastomers gemäß Anspruch 2 aufweisen.Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that warp and / or weft threads (1) have a substantial proportion of a fluoroelastomer, a silicone fluoroelastomer and / or a blend elastomer according to claim 2. Preßpolster nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden (1) einen Metallanteil aufweisen.Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that warp and / or weft threads (1) have a metal content. Preßpolster nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden (1) Metallfäden enthalten.Press pad according to claim 5, characterized in that warp and / or weft threads (1) contain metal threads. Preßpolster nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kett- und/oder Schußfäden (1) aus einem Fadenkern (2) aus einem hochfesten und temperaturbeständigen Garnmaterial und einem Fadenmantel (3) aus Fluorelastomer, Silikon-Fluorelastomer und/oder einem Blend-Elastomer gemäß Anspruch 2 zusammengesetzt sind.Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that warp and / or weft threads (1) made of a thread core (2) made of a high-strength and temperature-resistant yarn material and a thread jacket (3) made of fluoroelastomer, silicone-fluoroelastomer and / or one Blend elastomer are composed according to claim 2. Preßpolster nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fadenkern (2) aus Metall besteht. Press pad according to claim 7, characterized in that the thread core (2) consists of metal. Preßpolster nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fadenkern (2) aus einer Mehrzahl von Einzelfilamenten (4) besteht.Press pad according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the thread core (2) consists of a plurality of individual filaments (4). Preßpolster nach den Ansprüchen 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fadenkern (2) aus Kupferlitze oder Messinglitze oder (Edel)Stahllitze besteht.Press pad according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the thread core (2) consists of copper braid or brass braid or (noble) steel braid. Preßpolster nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fluorelastomer mittels Co- oder Terpolymerisation von Vinylchlorid mit Hexafluorpropylen (HTP), Tetrafluorethylen (TFE), 1-Hydropentafluorpropylen (HTPE) oder Perfluormethylvinylether (FMVE) erzeugt ist.Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the fluoroelastomer is produced by copolymerizing or terpolymerizing vinyl chloride with hexafluoropropylene (HTP), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), 1-hydropentafluoropropylene (HTPE) or perfluoromethyl vinyl ether (FMVE).
    EP20010106786 2000-03-21 2001-03-19 Press pad Expired - Lifetime EP1136248B1 (en)

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    DE20005255U 2000-03-21
    DE20005255U DE20005255U1 (en) 2000-03-21 2000-03-21 Press pad
    DE20008249U DE20008249U1 (en) 2000-05-11 2000-05-11 Press pad
    DE20008249U 2000-05-12

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    EP1136248A1 true EP1136248A1 (en) 2001-09-26
    EP1136248B1 EP1136248B1 (en) 2002-10-23

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    EP2409829A2 (en) 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Pressure pad for a hydraulic press
    DE202012004628U1 (en) 2012-05-04 2012-06-15 Rolf Espe High temperature resistant pressure compensating fabric for use in hydraulic single or multi-floor heating presses, endless double-belt heating presses and shaped heating presses.
    DE202012005265U1 (en) 2012-05-26 2012-06-27 Rolf Espe Press pad for single and multi-day heating presses with heat-conducting contact closing threads in warp and / or weft direction
    DE202012004859U1 (en) 2012-05-16 2012-06-27 Rolf Espe Press pads for use in hydraulic single or multi-floor heating presses with fiber materials that have a negative linear thermal expansion coefficient
    EP2756947A1 (en) 2013-01-16 2014-07-23 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Pressure pads for a single or multi-platen press
    DE202015006923U1 (en) 2015-10-02 2015-10-16 Rolf Espe Press pad for use in hydraulic single or multi-floor heating presses
    DE202016000367U1 (en) 2016-01-20 2016-02-05 Rolf Espe Press pad for single and multi-day presses whose silicone elastomer padding layer is applied in a 3D printing process.
    DE202017003635U1 (en) 2017-07-11 2017-08-22 Rolf Espe Press pads with higher thermal conductivity and improved recovery properties for the coating of wood-based panels in hydraulic single and multi-floor heating presses
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    EP1779999A1 (en) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-02 Rheinische PRESS PAD GmbH Pressure equalizing fabric for hydraulic hot pressing installation
    CN1966794B (en) * 2005-10-28 2012-02-15 莱茵里希毛毡工厂有限责任公司 Pressure equalizing fabric for hydraulic hot pressing installation
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    EP2409829A2 (en) 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Pressure pad for a hydraulic press
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    EP2664450A2 (en) 2012-05-16 2013-11-20 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Pressure pad and high-temperature resistant elastomer thread
    DE202012004859U1 (en) 2012-05-16 2012-06-27 Rolf Espe Press pads for use in hydraulic single or multi-floor heating presses with fiber materials that have a negative linear thermal expansion coefficient
    EP2666623A2 (en) 2012-05-26 2013-11-27 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Method for producing a pressure cushion and corresponding elastomer thread and associated pressure pad
    DE202012005265U1 (en) 2012-05-26 2012-06-27 Rolf Espe Press pad for single and multi-day heating presses with heat-conducting contact closing threads in warp and / or weft direction
    EP2756947A1 (en) 2013-01-16 2014-07-23 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Pressure pads for a single or multi-platen press
    DE102013100433A1 (en) 2013-01-16 2014-07-31 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Press pad for a single or multi-floor heating press
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    US12005667B2 (en) 2016-01-20 2024-06-11 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Press pad for a hydraulic heat press, and method for producing it
    DE202016000367U1 (en) 2016-01-20 2016-02-05 Rolf Espe Press pad for single and multi-day presses whose silicone elastomer padding layer is applied in a 3D printing process.
    DE202017003635U1 (en) 2017-07-11 2017-08-22 Rolf Espe Press pads with higher thermal conductivity and improved recovery properties for the coating of wood-based panels in hydraulic single and multi-floor heating presses
    US11628642B2 (en) 2017-07-11 2023-04-18 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Method for producing a press pad
    WO2019011902A1 (en) 2017-07-11 2019-01-17 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Methods for producing a press pad
    WO2020169556A2 (en) 2019-02-20 2020-08-27 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Press pad for use in a hydraulic single- or multi-level heat press and press-pad/press-sheet unit and press-sheet/heat-plate unit
    EP4032694A1 (en) 2019-02-20 2022-07-27 Hueck Rheinische GmbH Press pad for use in a hydraulic single- or multi-platen heat press, as well as press pad-press plate unit and press pad-heating plate unit
    US12076955B2 (en) 2019-02-20 2024-09-03 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Press pad

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE226510T1 (en) 2002-11-15
    US6737370B2 (en) 2004-05-18
    US20010029139A1 (en) 2001-10-11
    DE50100044D1 (en) 2002-11-28
    EP1136248B1 (en) 2002-10-23
    ES2184720T3 (en) 2003-04-16

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