EP1135595B1 - Valve for controlling liquids - Google Patents

Valve for controlling liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1135595B1
EP1135595B1 EP00975772A EP00975772A EP1135595B1 EP 1135595 B1 EP1135595 B1 EP 1135595B1 EP 00975772 A EP00975772 A EP 00975772A EP 00975772 A EP00975772 A EP 00975772A EP 1135595 B1 EP1135595 B1 EP 1135595B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
piezoelectric unit
valve according
tolerance
compensating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00975772A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1135595A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a valve is known from EP 0 477 400 A1 can be actuated via a piezoelectric actuator, already known.
  • This known valve has an arrangement for an adaptive, mechanical acting in the stroke direction Tolerance compensation for a path transformer of the piezoelectric Actuator on which the deflection of the piezoelectric Actuator is transmitted via a hydraulic chamber.
  • the hydraulic chamber which is called a hydraulic Translation works, closes them between two delimiting pistons, one of which has a piston is formed smaller and with a is to be controlled valve member and the other Piston is formed with a larger diameter and is connected to the piezoelectric actuator, a common Compensation volume.
  • the hydraulic chamber is between the two pistons clamped that the actuating piston of the valve member, in its rest position using one or more springs is held relative to a predetermined position, a around the ratio of the piston diameter makes increased stroke when the larger piston through the piezoelectric actuator moved by a certain distance becomes.
  • the valve member, the pistons and the piezoelectric Actuators lie one behind the other on a common axis.
  • the invention has for its object a valve for Control of liquids with a piezoelectric To create unit in which a tolerance compensation element to compensate for elongation tolerances of the piezoelectric unit and / or other valve components with little space requirement with a simple construction is realized.
  • valve according to the invention for controlling liquids with the characterizing features of claim 1 the advantage that it works with a high natural frequency, because a direct power transmission via the deflection element without a translation with which the natural frequency is quadratic decreases, is provided.
  • valve with the arrangement according to the invention of piezoelectric unit, deflection element and tolerance compensation element has a compact structure.
  • the tolerance compensation element for in particular Elongation tolerances due to temperature changes are included inexpensive according to the invention with simple mechanical means realized.
  • the embodiment shown in the figure shows a preferred use of the valve according to the invention in a fuel injection valve 1 for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.
  • the fuel injector 1 is present as a common rail injector Injection of diesel fuel trained.
  • an injection duration and an injection quantity over force relationships in the Fuel injection valve 1 becomes a valve member 2 a piezoelectric unit 3 with a piezoelectric Actuator 4, which is on a remote from the combustion chamber Side of the valve member 2 arranged in a piezo chamber 5 which is in turn in a valve body or valve housing 6 is formed.
  • the piston-shaped valve member 2 is axially displaceable in a bore 7 of the valve body designed as a longitudinal bore 6 arranged and has on its combustion chamber side End of a valve head 8 forming a valve closing member on.
  • the valve member 2 is in the present case as a 2/2 valve formed, the valve head 8 with one on the Valve body 6 formed first seat 9 and second seat 10 cooperates. Doing so will take off State of the valve head 8 connects to a Spring chamber 11 with a restoring force on the externally opening valve head 8 exerting spring device 12 manufactured.
  • valve member as a 2/3 valve works with a middle position.
  • the spring chamber 11 is connected to the combustion chamber Flow restrictor 13, which leads to a valve control chamber 14 leads in which one only symbolically indicated in the figure Injection line 15 opens, which in turn from one common high pressure storage space for all fuel injection valves (Common Rail) 16 leads away.
  • the high pressure storage room 16 is in a known manner from one High pressure fuel delivery pump with high pressure fuel filled from a storage tank.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 4 for actuating the valve member 2 is made up of several thin layers and has a piezo head on the side facing the combustion chamber 17 and one on its side facing away from the combustion chamber Piezo foot with an electrical contact 19.
  • the Piezo head 17 is provided with a deflection element 20, by means of which a deflection of the piezoelectric actuator 4 on the Valve member 2 is transferable, connected, the piezoelectric unit 3 in the direction of movement Valve member 2 with its piezo head 17 facing it within a longitudinal extent of the deflecting element 20 is arranged.
  • the deflecting element 20 represents a essentially closed and an interior 21 delimiting Deflection sleeve.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 4 is with the deflection sleeve 20 via a tolerance compensation element 22 to compensate for Elongation tolerances of the piezoelectric unit 3 or other valve components such as of the valve member 2 or of the valve body 6 connected.
  • the tolerance compensation element 22 is parallel to the piezoelectric unit 3 arranged, on the one hand with the piezo head 17 and on the other hand with a support 23 on the deflection sleeve 20 in an area connected to the piezo foot 18 is.
  • the tolerance compensation element with a different number of compensating bolts or is designed, for example, like a sleeve.
  • the tolerance compensation element 22 has one in comparison the piezoelectric unit 3 similar tolerance-related Elongation behavior on without one on the Position of the valve member 2 acting movement of the To cause deflecting elements 20.
  • the tolerance compensation element 20 approximately a length and one Coefficient of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric Actuator 4 on.
  • the piezoelectric unit 3 is opposite to that Valve member 2 receiving bore 7 and located therein Fuel sealed, for which a sealing element 25 is provided is, which is designed here as a sealing plate, which in the two-part valve body at this point 6 is stored.
  • the sealing plate 25 has for contacting of the deflecting element 20 with the valve member 2 in each case with a sealing device 26, which is an O-ring or Membrane is provided through openings 27. By the passage openings 27 extend on the deflection element 20 provided through bolts 28 into the bore 7.
  • valve member 2 For contacting the passage bolts 28 of the deflecting element 20 is the valve member 2 with a plate 29 formed, the diameter of which is essentially that of Deflection elements 20 corresponds.
  • the valve member 2 or its plate 29 is not in the activated state of the piezoelectric actuator 4 by an air gap 30 separated from the deflecting element 20.
  • This air gap 30 is dimensioned such that at one possible temperature compensation movements of the deflecting element can be compensated by a few micrometers.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 according to the figure operates in described below.
  • the balance bolts 24 of the Tolerance compensation element 22 in the same way as that piezoelectric actuator 4 so that the deflecting element 20 is not is moved or experiences only a minimal deflection, which is less than the width of the air gap 30. In in any case, this has no effect on the closing and Open position of the valve member 2 and the fuel valve 1 in total.
  • valve member 2 has in the force balanced designed fuel injector 1 result in that a valve control piston 33 in the valve control chamber 14 after is moved up and fuel is released by a now Injection nozzle in the combustion chamber, not shown is injected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

A valve for controlling fluids, having a valve member (2), which is axially displaceable in a bore (7) of a valve body (6) and on one end has a valve closing member (8) that cooperates with a seat (9, 10), provided on the valve body (6), for opening and closing the valve (1); having a piezoelectric unit (3) for actuating the valve member (2); and having a tolerance compensating element (22) for compensating for elongation tolerances of the piezoelectric unit (3). The deflection of the piezoelectric unit (3) can be transmitted to the valve member (2) via a deflection element (20), and the piezoelectric unit (3) is disposed with its piezoelectric head (17) toward the valve member in the direction of motion of the valve member (2) essentially inside a length of the deflection element (20) and is connected to the deflection element via the tolerance compensating element (22). The latter is disposed parallel to the piezoelectric unit (3) and has virtually the same tolerance-dictated length-changing behavior as the piezoelectric unit (Drawing).

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten gemäß der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1 aus. Aus der EP 0 477 400 A1 ist ein derartiges Ventil, welches über einen piezoelektrischen Aktor betätigbar ist, bereits bekannt. Dieses bekannte Ventil weist eine Anordnung für einen in Hubrichtung wirkenden adaptiven, mechanischen Toleranzausgleich für einen Wegtransformator des piezoelektrischen Aktors auf, bei der die Auslenkung des piezoelektrischen Aktors über eine Hydraulikkammer übertragen wird.The invention relates to a valve for controlling Liquids according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a valve is known from EP 0 477 400 A1 can be actuated via a piezoelectric actuator, already known. This known valve has an arrangement for an adaptive, mechanical acting in the stroke direction Tolerance compensation for a path transformer of the piezoelectric Actuator on which the deflection of the piezoelectric Actuator is transmitted via a hydraulic chamber.

Die Hydraulikkammer, welche als eine sogenannte hydraulische Übersetzung arbeitet, schließt zwischen zwei sie begrenzenden Kolben, von denen ein Kolben mit einem kleineren Durchmesser ausgebildet ist und mit einem anzusteuernden Ventilglied verbunden ist und der andere Kolben mit einem größeren Durchmesser ausgebildet ist und mit dem piezoelektrischen Aktor verbunden ist, ein gemeinsames Ausgleichsvolumen ein. The hydraulic chamber, which is called a hydraulic Translation works, closes them between two delimiting pistons, one of which has a piston is formed smaller and with a is to be controlled valve member and the other Piston is formed with a larger diameter and is connected to the piezoelectric actuator, a common Compensation volume.

Die Hydraulikkammer ist derart zwischen den beiden Kolben eingespannt, daß der Betätigungskolben des Ventilgliedes, das in seiner Ruhelage mittels einer oder mehrerer Federn relativ zu einer vorgegebenen Position gehalten ist, einen um das Übersetzungsverhältnis des Kolbendurchmessers vergrößerten Hub macht, wenn der größere Kolben durch den piezoelektrischen Aktor um eine bestimmte Wegstrecke bewegt wird. Das Ventilglied, die Kolben und der piezoelektrische Aktor liegen dabei auf einer gemeinsamen Achse hintereinander.The hydraulic chamber is between the two pistons clamped that the actuating piston of the valve member, in its rest position using one or more springs is held relative to a predetermined position, a around the ratio of the piston diameter makes increased stroke when the larger piston through the piezoelectric actuator moved by a certain distance becomes. The valve member, the pistons and the piezoelectric Actuators lie one behind the other on a common axis.

Über das Ausgleichsvolumen der Hydraulikkammer können Toleranzen aufgrund von Temperaturgradienten im Bauteil oder unterschiedlichen Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten der verwendeten Materialien sowie eventuelle Setzeffekte ausgeglichen werden, ohne daß dadurch eine Änderung der Position des anzusteuernden Ventilgliedes auftritt.About the compensation volume of the hydraulic chamber can Tolerances due to temperature gradients in the component or different coefficients of thermal expansion the materials used and any setting effects be compensated for without changing the Position of the valve member to be controlled occurs.

Ein Ausgleich von Längenänderungen des piezoelektrischen Aktors, des Ventilgliedes oder des Ventilgehäuses durch die zwischen zwei Kolben angeordnete Hydraulikkammer erf ordert jedoch eine aufwendige Konstruktion und ist hinsichtlich der auftretenden Leckageverluste und der Wiederbefüllung der Hydraulikkammer problematisch.Compensating for changes in length of the piezoelectric Actuator, the valve member or the valve housing through the hydraulic chamber arranged between two pistons required however, an elaborate construction and is regarding leakage losses and refilling the hydraulic chamber problematic.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Ventil zur Steuerung von Flüssigkeiten mit einer piezoelektrischen Einheit zu schaffen, bei dem ein Toleranzausgleichselement zum Ausgleich von Längungstoleranzen der piezoelektrischen Einheit und/oder weiterer Ventilbauteile mit geringem Bauraumbedarf bei einem einfachen Aufbau realisiert ist.The invention has for its object a valve for Control of liquids with a piezoelectric To create unit in which a tolerance compensation element to compensate for elongation tolerances of the piezoelectric unit and / or other valve components with little space requirement with a simple construction is realized.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil zur Steuerung von Flüssigkeiten mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, daß es mit einer hohen Eigenfrequenz arbeitet, da eine direkte Kraftübertragung über das Umlenkelement ohne eine Übersetzung, mit der die Eigenfrequenz quadratisch abnimmt, vorgesehen ist.The valve according to the invention for controlling liquids with the characterizing features of claim 1 the advantage that it works with a high natural frequency, because a direct power transmission via the deflection element without a translation with which the natural frequency is quadratic decreases, is provided.

Ein bedeutender Vorteil der Erfindung besteht des weiteren darin, daß das Ventil mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung von piezoelektrischer Einheit, Umlenkelement und Toleranzausgleichselement einen kompakten Aufbau aufweist.An important advantage of the invention is furthermore in that the valve with the arrangement according to the invention of piezoelectric unit, deflection element and tolerance compensation element has a compact structure.

Das Toleranzausgleichselement für insbesondere durch Temperaturänderungen bedingte Längungstoleranzen ist dabei erfindungsgemäß mit einfachen mechanischen Mitteln kostengünstig realisiert.The tolerance compensation element for in particular Elongation tolerances due to temperature changes are included inexpensive according to the invention with simple mechanical means realized.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind der Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Patentansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous configurations of the The invention relates to the description of Drawing and the claims can be found.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils zur Steuerung von Flüssigkeiten ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der folgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the valve according to the invention Control of liquids is shown in the drawing and is described in the following description explained.

Die einzige Figur der Zeichnung zeigt eine schematische, ausschnittsweise Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen im Längsschnitt.The only figure in the drawing shows a schematic, detail of an embodiment of the Invention in a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines in longitudinal section.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Das in der Figur dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt eine bevorzugte Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 für Brennkraftmaschinen von Kraftfahrzeugen. Das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist dabei vorliegend als ein Common-Rail-Injektor zur Einspritzung von Dieselkraftstoff ausgebildet.The embodiment shown in the figure shows a preferred use of the valve according to the invention in a fuel injection valve 1 for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles. The fuel injector 1 is present as a common rail injector Injection of diesel fuel trained.

Zur Einstellung eines Einspritzbeginns, einer Einspritzdauer und einer Einspritzmenge über Kräfteverhältnisse in dem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird ein Ventilglied 2 über eine piezoelektrische Einheit 3 mit einem piezoelektrischen Aktor 4 angesteuert, welcher auf einer brennraumabgewandten Seite des Ventilgliedes 2 in einer Piezokammer 5 angeordnet ist, die wiederum in einem Ventilkörper bzw. Ventilgehäuse 6 ausgebildet ist.For setting an injection start, an injection duration and an injection quantity over force relationships in the Fuel injection valve 1 becomes a valve member 2 a piezoelectric unit 3 with a piezoelectric Actuator 4, which is on a remote from the combustion chamber Side of the valve member 2 arranged in a piezo chamber 5 which is in turn in a valve body or valve housing 6 is formed.

Das kolbenförmige Ventilglied 2 ist axial verschiebbar in einer als Längsbohrung ausgeführten Bohrung 7 des Ventilkörpers 6 angeordnet und weist an seinem brennraumseitigen Ende einen ein Ventilschließglied bildenden Ventilkopf 8 auf. Das Ventilglied 2 ist vorliegend als 2/2-Ventil ausgebildet, wobei der Ventilkopf 8 mit einem an dem Ventilkörper 6 ausgebildeten ersten Sitz 9 und einem zweiten Sitz 10 zusammenwirkt. Dabei wird in abgehobenem Zustand des Ventilkopfes 8 eine Verbindung zu einem Federraum 11 mit einer eine Rückstellkraft auf den nach außen öffnenden Ventilkopf 8 ausübenden Federeinrichtung 12 hergestellt.The piston-shaped valve member 2 is axially displaceable in a bore 7 of the valve body designed as a longitudinal bore 6 arranged and has on its combustion chamber side End of a valve head 8 forming a valve closing member on. The valve member 2 is in the present case as a 2/2 valve formed, the valve head 8 with one on the Valve body 6 formed first seat 9 and second seat 10 cooperates. Doing so will take off State of the valve head 8 connects to a Spring chamber 11 with a restoring force on the externally opening valve head 8 exerting spring device 12 manufactured.

Selbstverständlich kann in einer alternativen Ausführung auch vorgesehen sein, daß das Ventilglied als 2/3-Ventil mit einer Mittelstellung arbeitet.Of course, in an alternative version also be provided that the valve member as a 2/3 valve works with a middle position.

An den Federraum 11 schließt sich brennraumseitig eine Ablaufdrossel 13 an, die zu einem Ventilsteuerraum 14 führt, in welchen eine in der Figur nur symbolisch angedeutete Einspritzleitung 15 mündet, die ihrerseits von einem für alle Kraftstoffeinspritzventile gemeinsamen Hochdruckspeicherraum (Common-Rail) 16 abführt. Der Hochdruckspeicherraum 16 wird dabei in bekannter Weise von einer Kraftstoffhochdruckförderpumpe mit Kraftstoff hohen Druckes aus einem Vorratstank befüllt.The spring chamber 11 is connected to the combustion chamber Flow restrictor 13, which leads to a valve control chamber 14 leads in which one only symbolically indicated in the figure Injection line 15 opens, which in turn from one common high pressure storage space for all fuel injection valves (Common Rail) 16 leads away. The high pressure storage room 16 is in a known manner from one High pressure fuel delivery pump with high pressure fuel filled from a storage tank.

Der piezoelektrische Aktor 4 zur Betätigung des Ventilglieds 2 ist aus mehreren dünnen Schichten aufgebaut und weist auf seiner brennraumzugewandten Seite einen Piezokopf 17 sowie auf seiner brennraumabgewandten Seite einen Piezofuß mit einer elektrischen Kontaktierung 19 auf. Der Piezokopf 17 ist mit einem Umlenkelement 20, mittels dem eine Auslenkung des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 auf das Ventilglied 2 übertragbar ist, verbunden, wobei die piezoelektrische Einheit 3 in Bewegungsrichtung des Ventilglieds 2 mit ihrem Piezokopf 17 diesem zugewandt innerhalb einer Längserstreckung des Umlenkelements 20 angeordnet ist. Das Umlenkelement 20 stellt dabei eine im wesentlichen geschlossene und einen Innenraum 21 begrenzende Umlenkhülse dar.The piezoelectric actuator 4 for actuating the valve member 2 is made up of several thin layers and has a piezo head on the side facing the combustion chamber 17 and one on its side facing away from the combustion chamber Piezo foot with an electrical contact 19. The Piezo head 17 is provided with a deflection element 20, by means of which a deflection of the piezoelectric actuator 4 on the Valve member 2 is transferable, connected, the piezoelectric unit 3 in the direction of movement Valve member 2 with its piezo head 17 facing it within a longitudinal extent of the deflecting element 20 is arranged. The deflecting element 20 represents a essentially closed and an interior 21 delimiting Deflection sleeve.

Der piezoelektrische Aktor 4 ist mit der Umlenkhülse 20 über ein Toleranzausgleichselement 22 zum Ausgleich von Längungstoleranzen der piezoelektrischen Einheit 3 oder weiterer Ventilbauteile wie z.B. des Ventilglieds 2 oder des Ventilkörpers 6 verbunden. Das Toleranzausgleichselement 22 ist dabei parallel zu der piezoelektrischen Einheit 3 angeordnet, wobei es einerseits mit dem Piezokopf 17 und andererseits mit einem Auflager 23 an der Umlenkhülse 20 in einem an den Piezofuß 18 angrenzenden Bereich verbunden ist.The piezoelectric actuator 4 is with the deflection sleeve 20 via a tolerance compensation element 22 to compensate for Elongation tolerances of the piezoelectric unit 3 or other valve components such as of the valve member 2 or of the valve body 6 connected. The tolerance compensation element 22 is parallel to the piezoelectric unit 3 arranged, on the one hand with the piezo head 17 and on the other hand with a support 23 on the deflection sleeve 20 in an area connected to the piezo foot 18 is.

Wie der Figur zu entnehmen ist, ist das Toleranzausgleichselement 22 mit zwei sich parallel zu der piezoelektrischen Einheit 3 erstreckenden Ausgleichsbolzen 24 ausgebildet, welche an dem auflagerartig über den Durchmesser des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 überkragenden Piezokopf 17 befestigt sind.As can be seen from the figure, the tolerance compensation element 22 with two parallel to the piezoelectric unit 3 extending compensating bolt 24 formed, which on the support-like over the Diameter of the piezoelectric actuator 4 projecting Piezo head 17 are attached.

Selbstverständlich kann in einer alternativen Ausführung auch vorgesehen sein, daß das Toleranzausgleichselement mit einer hiervon abweichenden Anzahl an Ausgleichsbolzen oder beispielsweise hülsenartig ausgebildet ist.Of course, in an alternative version also be provided that the tolerance compensation element with a different number of compensating bolts or is designed, for example, like a sleeve.

Das Toleranzausgleichselement 22 weist ein im Vergleich zu der piezoelektrischen Einheit 3 gleichartiges toleranzbedingtes Längenänderungsverhalten auf, ohne eine auf die Stellung des Ventilglieds 2 einwirkende Bewegung des Umlenkelements 20 zu verursachen. Hierzu weist das Toleranzausgleichselement 20 annähernd eine Länge und einen Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 auf.The tolerance compensation element 22 has one in comparison the piezoelectric unit 3 similar tolerance-related Elongation behavior on without one on the Position of the valve member 2 acting movement of the To cause deflecting elements 20. For this purpose, the tolerance compensation element 20 approximately a length and one Coefficient of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric Actuator 4 on.

Da zum Temperaturausgleich eine gut leitende Wärmebrücke zwischen dem piezoelektrischen Aktor und dem Toleranzausgleichselement 20 nötig ist, ist der diese umgebende Innenraum 21 des Umlenkelements 20 mit einem Wärmeleitmedium 32 befüllt, welches eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist. Dabei dient das Umlenkelement 20 gleichsam als Behälter für das Wärmeleitmedium 32.Since a well-conductive thermal bridge for temperature compensation between the piezoelectric actuator and the tolerance compensation element 20 is necessary is the one surrounding it Interior 21 of the deflecting element 20 with a heat conducting medium 32 filled, which has a high thermal conductivity having. The deflection element 20 serves as it were Container for the heat conducting medium 32.

In der vorliegenden Ausführung ist als Wärmeleitmedium eine Wärmeleitpaste aus Silikonöl gewählt, jedoch bieten sich hierfür auch andere Medien, insbesondere aus synthetischem Öl an.In the present embodiment there is a Thermal paste made of silicone oil selected, but offer other media, especially synthetic ones Oil on.

Die piezoelektrische Einheit 3 ist gegenüber der das Ventilglied 2 aufnehmenden Bohrung 7 und darin befindlichem Kraftstoff abgedichtet, wozu ein Dichtelement 25 vorgesehen ist, das hier als eine Dichtplatte ausgebildet ist, welche in dem an dieser Stelle zweiteilig ausgeführten Ventilkörper 6 gelagert ist. Die Dichtplatte 25 weist zur Kontaktierung des Umlenkelements 20 mit dem Ventilglied 2 jeweils mit einer Dichteinrichtung 26, welche ein O-Ring oder eine Membran ist, versehene Durchtrittsöffnungen 27 auf. Durch die Durchtrittsöffnungen 27 reichen an dem Umlenkelement 20 vorgesehene Durchtrittsbolzen 28 in die Bohrung 7 hinein. The piezoelectric unit 3 is opposite to that Valve member 2 receiving bore 7 and located therein Fuel sealed, for which a sealing element 25 is provided is, which is designed here as a sealing plate, which in the two-part valve body at this point 6 is stored. The sealing plate 25 has for contacting of the deflecting element 20 with the valve member 2 in each case with a sealing device 26, which is an O-ring or Membrane is provided through openings 27. By the passage openings 27 extend on the deflection element 20 provided through bolts 28 into the bore 7.

Zur Kontaktierung mit den Durchtrittsbolzen 28 des Umlenkelements 20 ist das Ventilglied 2 mit einem Teller 29 ausgebildet, dessen Durchmesser im wesentlichen dem des Umlenkelements 20 entspricht.For contacting the passage bolts 28 of the deflecting element 20 is the valve member 2 with a plate 29 formed, the diameter of which is essentially that of Deflection elements 20 corresponds.

Das Ventilglied 2 bzw. dessen Teller 29 ist im nicht aktivierten Zustand des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 durch einen Lüftspalt 30 von dem Umlenkelement 20 getrennt. Dieser Luftspalt 30 ist derart dimensioniert, daß bei einem möglichen Temperaturausgleich Bewegungen des Umlenkelements von einigen wenigen Mikrometern ausgeglichen werden können.The valve member 2 or its plate 29 is not in the activated state of the piezoelectric actuator 4 by an air gap 30 separated from the deflecting element 20. This air gap 30 is dimensioned such that at one possible temperature compensation movements of the deflecting element can be compensated by a few micrometers.

Zwischen der Dichtplatte 25 und dem Piezokopf 17 ist eine Federeinrichtung 31 vorgespannt eingebaut, welche als Vorspannelement für den aus mehreren Schichten in "Multilayer"-Bauart aufgebauten piezoelektrischen Aktor 4 vorgesehen ist und verhindert, daß sich dessen Schichten bei einer Bestromung voneinander lösen.Between the sealing plate 25 and the piezo head 17 is one Spring device 31 installed preloaded, which as Preload element for the multi-layer "multilayer" design assembled piezoelectric actuator 4 is provided and prevents its layers disconnect from each other when energized.

Das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 gemäß der Figur arbeitet in nachfolgend beschriebener Weise.The fuel injection valve 1 according to the figure operates in described below.

In geschlossenem Zustand des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils 1, d.h. bei unbestromtem piezoelektrischen Aktor 4, wird der Ventilkopf 8 des Ventilglieds 2 in Anlage an den ihm zugeordneten ersten Sitz 9 gehalten, so daß kein Kraftstoff aus dem mit dem Hochdruckspeicherraum 16 verbundenen Ventilsteuerraum 14 in den Bereich der Längsbohrung 7 gelangen kann. Der piezoelektrische Aktor 4 ist dabei durch die Federeinrichtung 31 zwischen dem Piezokopf 17 und dem Piezofuß 18 eingespannt, und das mit dem Piezokopf 17 über das Toleranzausgleichselement 22 verbundene Umlenkelement 20 ist durch den Lüftspalt 30 auf Distanz zu dem Ventilglied 2 gehalten.When the fuel injection valve 1 is closed, i.e. when the piezoelectric actuator 4 is not energized, the valve head 8 of the valve member 2 in contact with the assigned to him first seat 9 held so that no Fuel from the high-pressure storage space 16 connected valve control chamber 14 in the region of the longitudinal bore 7 can reach. The piezoelectric actuator 4 is thereby by the spring device 31 between the piezo head 17 and the piezo foot 18 clamped, and that with the Piezo head 17 connected via the tolerance compensation element 22 Deflection element 20 is open through the air gap 30 Distance to the valve member 2 kept.

Im Falle einer langsamen Betätigung, wie sie bei einer temperaturbedingten Längenänderung des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 auftritt, längen sich die Ausgleichsbolzen 24 des Toleranzausgleichelements 22 in gleicher Weise wie der piezoelektrische Aktor 4, so daß das Umlenkelement 20 nicht bewegt wird oder nur eine minimale Auslenkung erfährt, welche geringer ist als die Breite des Lüftspalts 30. In jedem Fall hat dies keine Auswirkung auf die Schließ- und Öffnungsstellung des Ventilglieds 2 und des Kraftstoffventils 1 insgesamt.In the case of a slow actuation, as in a temperature-related change in length of the piezoelectric Actuator 4 occurs, the balance bolts 24 of the Tolerance compensation element 22 in the same way as that piezoelectric actuator 4 so that the deflecting element 20 is not is moved or experiences only a minimal deflection, which is less than the width of the air gap 30. In in any case, this has no effect on the closing and Open position of the valve member 2 and the fuel valve 1 in total.

Wenn eine Einspritzung durch das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 erfolgen soll, wird der piezoelektrische Aktor 4 bestromt, wodurch dieser seine axiale Ausdehnung schlagartig vergrößert. Bei einer derartigen schnellen Betätigung des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 wird das mit dem Piezokopf 17 verbundene Umlenkelement 20 ebenso stark in Richtung des Ventilgliedes 2 verschoben, so daß das Umlenkelement: 20 auf den Teller 29 des Ventilgliedes 2 auftrifft und das Ventilglied 2 von seinem ersten Sitz 9 abhebt und in eine geöffnete Stellung an dessen zweitem Sitz 10 bringt. Somit kann aus dem Ventilsteuerraum 14 Kraftstoff in die Längsbohrung 7 des Ventilkörpers 6 eintreten, wobei der eingetretene Kraftstoff durch eine Leckageablaufleitung 34 wieder entweichen kann. When an injection through the fuel injector 1, the piezoelectric actuator 4 is energized, causing this its axial expansion suddenly increased. With such a rapid actuation of the piezoelectric actuator 4 with the piezo head 17th connected deflection element 20 just as strongly in the direction of Valve member 2 moved so that the deflecting element: 20 on hits the plate 29 of the valve member 2 and that Valve member 2 lifts from its first seat 9 and into one brings open position at the second seat 10. Consequently can fuel from the valve control chamber 14 in the longitudinal bore 7 of the valve body 6 enter, the entered Fuel through a leak drain line 34 can escape again.

Die Öffnung des Ventilglieds 2 hat in dem kraftausgeglichen ausgestalteten Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 1 zur Folge, daß ein Ventilsteuerkolben 33 in dem Ventilsteuerraum 14 nach oben bewegt wird und Kraftstoff durch eine nun freigebende Einspritzdüse in den nicht weiter dargestellten Brennraum eingespritzt wird.The opening of the valve member 2 has in the force balanced designed fuel injector 1 result in that a valve control piston 33 in the valve control chamber 14 after is moved up and fuel is released by a now Injection nozzle in the combustion chamber, not shown is injected.

Bei Deaktivierung des piezoelektrischen Aktors 4 schrumpft dessen Länge wieder auf seine Ausgangslänge zurück, und das 'Ventilglied 2 wird durch die Rückstellkraft der Federeinrichtung 12 an den ersten Sitz 9 an dem Ventilkörper 6 gedrückt.When the piezoelectric actuator 4 is deactivated, it shrinks its length back to its original length, and that 'Valve member 2 is by the restoring force of the spring device 12 to the first seat 9 on the valve body 6 pressed.

Claims (13)

  1. Valve for controlling liquids, having a valve element (2), which can be displaced axially in a bore (7) in a valve body (6) and at one end has a valve-closing element (8) which interacts with a seat (9, 10), which is provided on the valve body (6), in order to open and close the valve (1), and having a piezoelectric unit (3) for actuation of the valve element (2), and having a tolerance-compensating element (22) for compensating for length tolerances of the piezoelectric unit (3) and/or of further valve components (6), characterized in that the deflection of the piezoelectric unit (3) can be transmitted via a deflecting element (20) to the valve element (2), the piezoelectric unit (3) being arranged in the direction of movement of the valve element (2), with its piezohead (17) facing the latter, essentially within a longitudinal extent of the deflecting element (20) and being connected to the latter via the tolerance-compensating element (22), which is arranged parallel to the piezoelectric unit (3) and has a tolerance-induced length-changing behaviour identical to the said unit without a movement of the deflecting element (20) acting on the position of the valve element (2).
  2. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tolerance-compensating element (22) is at least approximately the length of and has a coefficient of temperature expansion of the piezoelectric unit (3), which comprises at least one piezoelectric actuator (4).
  3. Valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tolerance-compensating element (22) is connected, on the one hand, to the piezohead (17) and, on the other hand, to a support (23) on the deflecting element (20) in a region adjacent to a piezofoot (18).
  4. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the region (21) which surrounds the piezoelectric unit (3) and the tolerance-compensating element (22) is filled with a heat-conducting medium (32) which has high heat conductivity.
  5. Valve according to Claim 4, characterized in that the heat-conducting medium (32) constitutes a heat-conducting paste, in particular of synthetic oil.
  6. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tolerance-compensating element (22) is designed with compensating bolts (24) which extend parallel to the piezoelectric unit (3) and are fastened on one side to the piezohead (17) which protrudes in the manner of a support over the diameter of the piezoelectric unit (3).
  7. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the deflecting element (20) is designed as an at least partially closed deflecting sleeve which bounds an interior space (21).
  8. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the piezoelectric unit (3) is sealed off from the bore (7) receiving the valve element (2).
  9. Valve according to Claim 8, characterized in that the piezoelectric unit (3) is sealed off from the bore (7) receiving the valve element (2), by means of a sealing element (25) which has at least one sealed passage opening (27) for the deflecting element (20) to make contact with the valve element (2).
  10. Valve according to Claim 9, characterized in that the deflecting element (20) reaches through the sealing element (25), which is designed as a sealing plate, into the bore (7) receiving the valve element (2), the deflecting element (20) having passage bolts (28) in the region of the at least one passage opening (27) through the sealing plate (25).
  11. Valve according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a spring device (31) which is supported on the sealing element (25) is provided as a prestressing element for the piezoelectric unit (3).
  12. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the valve element (2), in order to make contact with the deflecting element (20), is designed with a plate (29), the diameter of which corresponds essentially to that of the deflecting element (20).
  13. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized by its use as a component of a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, in particular of a common rail injector (1).
EP00975772A 1999-09-30 2000-09-16 Valve for controlling liquids Expired - Lifetime EP1135595B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19946841A DE19946841A1 (en) 1999-09-30 1999-09-30 Valve for controlling liquids
DE19946841 1999-09-30
PCT/DE2000/003226 WO2001023745A1 (en) 1999-09-30 2000-09-16 Valve for controlling liquids

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1135595A1 EP1135595A1 (en) 2001-09-26
EP1135595B1 true EP1135595B1 (en) 2004-12-15

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EP00975772A Expired - Lifetime EP1135595B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2000-09-16 Valve for controlling liquids

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US6454239B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1135595B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003510508A (en)
KR (1) KR100806058B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE285034T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ295448B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19946841A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001023745A1 (en)

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CN102979941B (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-04 浙江师范大学 High-capacity piezoelectric stack valve provided with sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50008956D1 (en) 2005-01-20
CZ295448B6 (en) 2005-08-17
EP1135595A1 (en) 2001-09-26
KR20010101058A (en) 2001-11-14
DE19946841A1 (en) 2001-05-03
ATE285034T1 (en) 2005-01-15
WO2001023745A1 (en) 2001-04-05
CZ20011878A3 (en) 2002-03-13
JP2003510508A (en) 2003-03-18
US6454239B1 (en) 2002-09-24
KR100806058B1 (en) 2008-02-21

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