EP1134389B1 - Method for avoiding an inadvertent start of an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for avoiding an inadvertent start of an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1134389B1
EP1134389B1 EP01101386A EP01101386A EP1134389B1 EP 1134389 B1 EP1134389 B1 EP 1134389B1 EP 01101386 A EP01101386 A EP 01101386A EP 01101386 A EP01101386 A EP 01101386A EP 1134389 B1 EP1134389 B1 EP 1134389B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
speed
vehicle
battery voltage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP01101386A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1134389A3 (en
EP1134389A2 (en
Inventor
Udo Philippi
Achim Przymusinski
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP1134389A3 publication Critical patent/EP1134389A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
    • F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for avoiding an unwanted Starts an internal combustion engine, where operating parameters the internal combustion engine are evaluated.
  • the parking one serving to drive a motor vehicle Internal combustion engine is usually done by turning the Ignition start switch toward “off", leaving the connection between the supply voltage of the motor vehicle and the ignition device is interrupted. In critical driving situations It can happen that the driver of the motor vehicle the internal combustion engine stops without the ignition start switch is pressed.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with the an unwanted startup of an internal combustion engine can be easily prevented.
  • FIG 1 is an internal combustion engine in the form of a block diagram (BKM) 10, in which the inventive Procedure apply.
  • an internal combustion engine can be a mixture sucking or one with a Fuel direct injection system equipped Otto internal combustion engine or a diesel internal combustion engine provided be. Only those parts and components are shown which are necessary for the understanding of the invention. Especially are the fuel cycle and the exhaust aftertreatment system omitted.
  • the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled by a controller 11 controlled or regulated.
  • a fuel delivery system 12, which is e.g. designed as an injection system is via unspecified lines of the control device 10 is controlled and ensures the Fuel allocation of the internal combustion engine 10, which is an intake 13 and an exhaust tract 14.
  • control devices 11 which usually include a microprocessor and in addition to the fuel injection still take a variety of other control and regulating tasks are known per se, so that will be discussed below only relevant to the structure of the invention and its operation .
  • the control device 11 has a memory device 15 in which, inter alia, various characteristic curves or characteristic diagrams , as well as threshold values N SWU , N SWO , UB SW and V SW are stored, whose meaning will be explained in more detail.
  • crankshaft sensor 16 On the internal combustion engine 10 is a crankshaft sensor 16 provided corresponding to the rotational speed N of the crankshaft Signal to the controller 11 for further Processing issues.
  • the speed V of the internal combustion engine 10 equipped vehicle is using a Sensor 17 detected, the output signal also the control device 11 is supplied.
  • the controller 11 are further a variety means corresponding input signals, in 1 generally indicated by the reference ES, fed.
  • About output signals AS are the individual Controlled actuators and components used to operate the Internal combustion engine 10 are necessary.
  • the reference numeral 18 is a Starter battery (accumulator) of the vehicle called, the delivers an on-board voltage UB and its plus pole with a terminal KL30 is connected to an ignition start switch 19 while the negative terminal is connected to the vehicle body.
  • the Output of the ignition start switch designated with terminal KL15 19 is an unspecified line with the Control device 11 connected.
  • terminal KL15 switched Plus after starter battery
  • the one with clamp KL50 designated output of the ignition start switch 19 is over a unspecified line with a starter 20th (Starter) of the internal combustion engine 10 connected.
  • the Positive pole of the starter battery 18 is guided to the starter 30.
  • the ignition start switch 19 brought in the position marked 2.
  • the starting process of the internal combustion engine 10 initiated by the driver of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first flow chart as verified can be, whether a driver wanted startup the internal combustion engine or a caused by external influences, unwanted start of the internal combustion engine is present.
  • a flag is set in the controller 11 and then checks to see if the driver has the ignition start switch 19 turned to the neutral position (position 0) and so that the ignition has switched off. This is the case, though no battery voltage UB is applied to terminal K115 anymore. Does the driver after the stalling of the internal combustion engine 10th the ignition is switched off, (process step S3), so is in the Method step S4 found that the internal combustion engine 10 is out of order and also the ignition start switch 19th is in the neutral position. At a restart of the Internal combustion engine 10 (query in step S5) by Turning the ignition start switch 19, the flag is cleared again and the normal starting operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is initiated in a known manner.
  • step S6 the battery voltage UB and by means of the crankshaft sensor 16, the rotational speed N of the internal combustion engine 10 in a fixed Time grid, for example, measured every 10 ms.
  • step S8 Only when the rotational speed N of the crankshaft is within a range bounded by a lower threshold N SWU and an upper threshold N SWO and at the same time the change in the battery voltage ⁇ UB is greater than a predetermined threshold UB SW , then in step S8 the fuel injection is released and a normal starting process of the internal combustion engine is initiated (step S9).
  • a normal starting process is a procedure referred to, as it runs when the driver has set the engine properly by turning the ignition-start switch 19 out of operation and then now by turning the same wants to start the engine again.
  • the requests for the release of the fuel injection in method step S7 are based on the finding that after detecting a renewed rotation of the crankshaft after stalling of the internal combustion engine 10, ie at a rotational speed of the crankshaft at a rotational speed which lies within the predetermined rotational speed range, a renewed, intended start of the engine should be made if at the same time the battery voltage UB has collapsed by a certain value. Due to the high current consumption of the starter 20, a significantly high drop in the battery voltage UB is measurable at the time when the driver turns the start-ignition switch 19 to the position indicated by 2.
  • a measured value of the battery voltage is significantly lower (eg 20%) than the previous measured value, then a desired starting process of the internal combustion engine is concluded.
  • the evaluation of successive measured values at the times n, n-1 takes place in an advantageous manner by subtraction of the two measured values and comparison of the difference ⁇ UB with the threshold value UB SW .
  • This threshold value UB SW is experimentally determined by tests on the test stand for a given internal combustion engine 10 together with the starter 20 and is stored in the memory 15 of the control device 11.
  • the battery voltage UB below a predetermined absolute Limit value falls. Again, this limit can be experimental determined and stored in the memory 15.
  • the speed value required for starting the internal combustion engine can be used, which is approximately 60-100 l / min in the case of Otto internal combustion engines and approximately 80-200 l / min in the case of diesel internal combustion engines, and is thus substantially smaller than the starter speeds.
  • the upper threshold N SWO can be, for example, the maximum speed that can be output by the starter (depending on the type, up to 300 1 / min).
  • the thresholds N SWU and N SWO are also determined experimentally and are stored in the memory 15.
  • step S7 The queries in method step S7 are repeated as long as until it is ensured that the rotation of the crankshaft originated from the starter 20. This query takes place in a holding pattern (step S10).
  • FIG. 3 shows a second flowchart, such as one of FIG Driver desired start of the engine of an unwanted Start can be distinguished.
  • step S6 therefore, the rotational speed N of the Internal combustion engine 10 by means of the crankshaft sensor 16 and the driving speed V by means of the speed sensor 17 in a fixed time frame, for example, measured every 10 ms.
  • step S7 After detecting a rotation of the crankshaft (N SWU ⁇ N ⁇ N SWO ), it is checked in method step S7 whether the speed V of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 10 is below a predetermined threshold value V SW .
  • the value zero must be taken as the threshold value V SW , ie the fuel injection is released only when the vehicle is completely stationary after detection of a speed lying above the speed threshold value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Vermeiden eines ungewollten Starts einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei denen Betriebsparameter der Brennkraftmaschine ausgewertet werden.The invention relates to a method for avoiding an unwanted Starts an internal combustion engine, where operating parameters the internal combustion engine are evaluated.

Das Abstellen einer zum Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges dienenden Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt in der Regel durch Drehen des Zünd-Start-Schalters in Richtung "AUS", so dass die Verbindung zwischen der Versorgungsspannung des Kraftfahrzeuges und der Zündeinrichtung unterbrochen wird. In kritischen Fahrsituationen kann es dazu kommen, dass der Fahrer des Kraftfahrzeuges die Brennkraftmaschine stoppt, ohne dass der Zünd-Start-Schalter betätigt wird.The parking one serving to drive a motor vehicle Internal combustion engine is usually done by turning the Ignition start switch toward "off", leaving the connection between the supply voltage of the motor vehicle and the ignition device is interrupted. In critical driving situations It can happen that the driver of the motor vehicle the internal combustion engine stops without the ignition start switch is pressed.

Dies kann beispielsweise geschehen, wenn der Fahrer eine Bremsung des Kraftfahrzeuges, sei es mit der Betriebsbremse oder mit der Handbremse, durchführt und dabei die Kupplung nicht tritt. Auch beim Anfahren des Kraftfahrzeuges kann z.B. aufgrund mangelnder Fahrpraxis beim Einlegen eines Ganges und zu plötzlichem Loslassen des Kupplungspedals die Brennkraftmaschine mechanisch gestoppt werden. Bei solchen Vorgängen spricht man auch von Abwürgen der Brennkraftmaschine.This can happen, for example, if the driver has a Braking the motor vehicle, be it with the service brake or with the handbrake, while doing the clutch does not occur. Also when starting the motor vehicle, e.g. due to lack of driving experience when engaging a gear and to sudden release of the clutch pedal the internal combustion engine be stopped mechanically. In such operations One speaks also of stalling the internal combustion engine.

Anschließend können bei einem Fahrzeug mit auf dieser Weise gestoppten Brennkraftmaschine Fahrsituationen eintreten, bei denen die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine durch äußere Krafteinwirkung, wie beispielsweise bei einer Bergabfahrt oder durch einen Anstoß oder Aufprall eines weiteren Fahrzeuges auf das Heck mit einer zum Starten der Brennkraftmaschine ausreichenden Drehzahl gedreht wird. In der Steuerungseinrichtung der Brennkraftmaschine würde nach Erkennung der Startdrehzahl die Synchronisierung erfolgen, die Brennkraftmaschine in den Normalbetrieb übergehen, d.h. insbesondere die Kraftstoffeinspritzung freigegeben werden. Es wird nicht unterschieden, ob der Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine vom Fahrer durch Drehen des Zünd-Start-Schalters gewollt oder durch äußere Einflüsse ungewünscht eingeleitet wurde. Dieses Verhalten kann zu unsicheren Betriebszuständen des Kraftfahrzeuges führen.You can then use this vehicle in a way stopped internal combustion engine driving situations occur at which the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine by external Force, such as in a downhill or by an impact or impact of another vehicle on the stern with one to start the internal combustion engine sufficient speed is rotated. In the control device the internal combustion engine would after detection of the Start speed the synchronization done, the internal combustion engine go into normal operation, i. especially the fuel injection will be released. It will not distinguished whether the starting process of the internal combustion engine from Driver wanted by turning the ignition start switch or was initiated undesirably by external influences. This Behavior can lead to unsafe operating conditions of the motor vehicle to lead.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem ein ungewollter Startvorgang einer Brennkraftmaschine auf einfache Weise verhindert werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method with the an unwanted startup of an internal combustion engine can be easily prevented.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in dem Patentanspruch 1 definierte Erfindung gelöst.This object is defined by the in claim 1 Invention solved.

Durch Auswerten der Betriebsgrößen Batteriespannung, Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine kann die Steuerungseinrichtung erkennen, ob der Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine vom Fahrer gewünscht oder ob äußere Krafteinwirkungen eine Drehung der Kurbelwelle bedingen. In dem letzt genannten Fall kann dann ein ungewollter Start der Brennkraftmaschine zuverlässig verhindert werden.By evaluating the operating variables battery voltage, vehicle speed, Speed of the internal combustion engine can be Control device detect whether the starting process of the Internal combustion engine desired by the driver or whether external forces condition a rotation of the crankshaft. By doing The latter case can then be an unwanted start of the Internal combustion engine can be reliably prevented.

Erkennt die Steuerungseinrichtung nach einem Stoppen der Brennkraftmaschine, ohne dass dabei die Zündung ausgeschaltet wurde, eine erneute Drehung der Kurbelwelle, so wird die Kraftstoffeinspritzung freigegeben, wenn zugleich die Batteriespannung um einen bestimmten Wert eingebrochen ist oder die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit Null ist. Ist keine der beiden Bedingungen erfüllt, so wird die Kraftstoffeinspritzung solange verboten, bis z.B. mit Hilfe einer Drehzahlüberwachung sichergestellt ist, dass die Drehung der Kurbelwelle vom Starter bedingt ist.Detects the controller after stopping the Internal combustion engine, without causing the ignition off was, a renewed rotation of the crankshaft, so will the Fuel injection released when at the same time the battery voltage has slumped to a certain value or the vehicle speed is zero. Is not one of the two Conditions fulfilled, the fuel injection will be as long prohibited, until e.g. with the help of a speed monitor it is ensured that the rotation of the crankshaft from Starter is conditional.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are given in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zugehöriger Steuerungseinrichtung,
Figur 2
ein erstes Ablaufdiagramm zum Ermitteln der Startfreigabe und
Figur 3
ein zweites Ablaufdiagramm zum Ermitteln der Startfreigabe
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with associated control device,
FIG. 2
a first flow chart for determining the start release and
FIG. 3
a second flow chart for determining the start release

In Figur 1 ist in Form eines Blockschaltbildes eine Brennkraftmaschine (BKM) 10 dargestellt, bei der die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Anwendung gelangen. Als Brennkraftmaschine kann dabei eine gemischansaugende oder eine mit einem Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzsystem ausgestattete Otto-Brennkraftmaschine oder eine Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen sein. Dabei sind nur diejenigen Teile und Komponenten gezeigt, die für das Verständnis der Erfindung nötig sind. Insbesondere sind der Kraftstoffkreislauf und die Abgasnachbehandlungsanlage weggelassen.In Figure 1 is an internal combustion engine in the form of a block diagram (BKM) 10, in which the inventive Procedure apply. As an internal combustion engine can be a mixture sucking or one with a Fuel direct injection system equipped Otto internal combustion engine or a diesel internal combustion engine provided be. Only those parts and components are shown which are necessary for the understanding of the invention. Especially are the fuel cycle and the exhaust aftertreatment system omitted.

Der Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 10 wird von einer Steuerungseinrichtung 11 gesteuert bzw. geregelt. Ein Kraftstoffzufuhrsystem 12, das z.B. als Einspritzanlage ausgebildet sein kann, wird über nicht näher bezeichnete Leitungen von der Steuerungseinrichtung 10 angesteuert und sorgt für die Kraftstoffzuteilung der Brennkraftmaschine 10, die einen Ansaugtrakt 13 und einen Abgastrakt 14 aufweist.The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled by a controller 11 controlled or regulated. A fuel delivery system 12, which is e.g. designed as an injection system is via unspecified lines of the control device 10 is controlled and ensures the Fuel allocation of the internal combustion engine 10, which is an intake 13 and an exhaust tract 14.

Solche Steuerungseinrichtungen 11, die in der Regel einen Mikroprozessor beinhalten und die neben der Kraftstoffeinspritzung noch eine Vielzahl weiterer Steuer- und Regelaufgaben übernehmen, sind an sich bekannt, so dass im folgenden nur auf den im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung relevanten Aufbau und dessen Funktionsweise eingegangen wird. Insbesondere weist die Steuerungseinrichtung 11 eine Speichereinrichtung 15 auf, in der u.a. verschiedene Kennlinien bzw. Kennfelder, sowie Schwellenwerte NSWU, NSWO, UBSW und VSW gespeichert sind, deren Bedeutung noch näher erläutert wird.Such control devices 11, which usually include a microprocessor and in addition to the fuel injection still take a variety of other control and regulating tasks are known per se, so that will be discussed below only relevant to the structure of the invention and its operation , In particular, the control device 11 has a memory device 15 in which, inter alia, various characteristic curves or characteristic diagrams , as well as threshold values N SWU , N SWO , UB SW and V SW are stored, whose meaning will be explained in more detail.

An der Brennkraftmaschine 10 ist ein Kurbelwellensensor 16 vorgesehen, der ein der Drehzahl N der Kurbelwelle entsprechendes Signal an die Steuerungseinrichtung 11 zur weiteren Verarbeitung abgibt. Die Geschwindigkeit V des mit der Brennkraftmaschine 10 ausgestatteten Fahrzeuges wird mittels eines Sensors 17 erfasst, dessen Ausgangssignal ebenso der Steuerungseinrichtung 11 zugeführt wird.On the internal combustion engine 10 is a crankshaft sensor 16 provided corresponding to the rotational speed N of the crankshaft Signal to the controller 11 for further Processing issues. The speed V of the internal combustion engine 10 equipped vehicle is using a Sensor 17 detected, the output signal also the control device 11 is supplied.

Der Steuerungseinrichtung 11 werden ferner eine Vielzahl mittels entsprechender Sensorik aufgenommene Eingangssignale, in der Figur 1 allgemein mit dem Bezugszeichen ES gekennzeichnet, zugeführt. Über Ausgangssignale AS werden die einzelnen Aktoren und Komponenten angesteuert, die zum Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 10 notwendig sind.The controller 11 are further a variety means corresponding input signals, in 1 generally indicated by the reference ES, fed. About output signals AS are the individual Controlled actuators and components used to operate the Internal combustion engine 10 are necessary.

Weiterhin ist in der Figur 1 mit dem Bezugszeichen 18 eine Starterbatterie (Akkumulator) des Fahrzeuges bezeichnet, die eine Bordspannung UB abgibt und deren Pluspol mit einer Klemme KL30 eines Zünd-Start-Schalters 19 verbunden ist, während der Minuspol mit der Fahrzeugkarosserie verbunden ist. Der mit Klemme KL15 bezeichnete Ausgang des Zünd-Start-Schalters 19 ist über eine nicht näher bezeichnete Leitung mit der Steuerungseinrichtung 11 verbunden. An der Klemme KL15 (geschaltetes Plus nach Starterbatterie) liegt Spannung, wenn die Zündung eingeschaltet ist, d.h. der Zünd-Start-Schalter 19 in der mit 1 bezeichneten Stellung ist. Der mit Klemme KL50 bezeichnete Ausgang des Zünd-Start-Schalters 19 ist über eine nicht näher bezeichnete Leitung mit einem Anlasser 20 (Starter) der Brennkraftmaschine 10 verbunden. Ebenso ist der Pluspol der Starterbatterie 18 an den Anlasser 30 geführt. Zum Starten der Brennkraftmaschine 10 wird der Zünd-Start-Schalter 19 in die mit 2 gekennzeichnete Stellung gebracht. Dadurch wird im Regelfall der Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine 10 vom Fahrer des Fahrzeuges eingeleitet.Furthermore, in the figure 1 by the reference numeral 18 is a Starter battery (accumulator) of the vehicle called, the delivers an on-board voltage UB and its plus pole with a terminal KL30 is connected to an ignition start switch 19 while the negative terminal is connected to the vehicle body. Of the Output of the ignition start switch designated with terminal KL15 19 is an unspecified line with the Control device 11 connected. At terminal KL15 (switched Plus after starter battery) is voltage, though the ignition is switched on, i. the ignition start switch 19 is in the designated 1 position. The one with clamp KL50 designated output of the ignition start switch 19 is over a unspecified line with a starter 20th (Starter) of the internal combustion engine 10 connected. Likewise is the Positive pole of the starter battery 18 is guided to the starter 30. To start the internal combustion engine 10, the ignition start switch 19 brought in the position marked 2. As a result, as a rule, the starting process of the internal combustion engine 10 initiated by the driver of the vehicle.

Wie eingangs bereits erwähnt, kann es aber auch unter bestimmten Bedingungen zu einem Start der Brennkraftmaschine kommen, ohne dass der Fahrer den Zünd-Start-Schalter in die mit 2 bezeichnete Stellung bringt.As already mentioned, but it can also under certain Conditions for a start of the internal combustion engine come without the driver's ignition-start switch in the with 2 designated position brings.

In Figur 2 ist ein erstes Ablaufdiagramm gezeigt, wie überprüft werden kann, ob ein vom Fahrer gewollter Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine oder ein durch äußere Einflüsse hervorgerufener, ungewollter Start der Brennkraftmaschine vorliegt.FIG. 2 shows a first flow chart as verified can be, whether a driver wanted startup the internal combustion engine or a caused by external influences, unwanted start of the internal combustion engine is present.

Wird die Brennkraftmaschine 10 nicht mit dem Zünd-Start-Schalter 19 ausgeschaltet, sondern mechanisch gestoppt, z.B. vom Fahrer des Fahrzeuges abgewürgt, (Verfahrensschritt S1) , so wird in der Steuerungseinrichtung 11 ein Merker gesetzt und anschließend überprüft, ob der Fahrer den Zünd-Start-Schalter 19 in die neutrale Position (Stellung 0) gedreht und damit die Zündung abgeschaltet hat. Dies ist der Fall, wenn an der Klemme K115 keine Batteriespannung UB mehr anliegt. Hat der Fahrer nach dem Abwürgen der Brennkraftmaschine 10 die Zündung ausgeschaltet, (Verfahrensschritt S3), so wird im Verfahrensschritt S4 festgestellt, dass die Brennkraftmaschine 10 außer Betrieb ist und auch der Zünd-Start-Schalter 19 in der neutralen Position steht. Bei einem erneuten Start der Brennkraftmaschine 10 (Abfrage in Verfahrensschritt S5) durch Drehen des Zünd-Start-Schalters 19 wird der Merker wieder gelöscht und der normale Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine 10 wird in bekannter Weise eingeleitet.If the internal combustion engine 10 is not with the ignition start switch 19 turned off, but mechanically stopped, e.g. strangled by the driver of the vehicle (method step S1), thus, a flag is set in the controller 11 and then checks to see if the driver has the ignition start switch 19 turned to the neutral position (position 0) and so that the ignition has switched off. This is the case, though no battery voltage UB is applied to terminal K115 anymore. Does the driver after the stalling of the internal combustion engine 10th the ignition is switched off, (process step S3), so is in the Method step S4 found that the internal combustion engine 10 is out of order and also the ignition start switch 19th is in the neutral position. At a restart of the Internal combustion engine 10 (query in step S5) by Turning the ignition start switch 19, the flag is cleared again and the normal starting operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is initiated in a known manner.

Wird nach Abwürgen der Brennkraftmaschine 10 die Zündung nicht ausgeschaltet, d.h. die Abfrage in Verfahrensschritt S3 ist negativ und an der Klemme KL 15 liegt noch die Batteriespannung UB an, so wird anschließend im Verfahrensschritt S6 die Batteriespannung UB und mittels des Kurbelwellensensors 16 die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine 10 in einem festen Zeitraster, beispielsweise alle 10 ms gemessen. Diese Messwerte werden im Verfahrensschritt S7 jeweils mit vorgegebenen Schwellenwerten verglichen.Will after stalling the engine 10, the ignition not switched off, i. the query in step S3 is negative and at the terminal KL 15 is still the battery voltage UB, then in method step S6 the battery voltage UB and by means of the crankshaft sensor 16, the rotational speed N of the internal combustion engine 10 in a fixed Time grid, for example, measured every 10 ms. These readings are each given in step S7 with Thresholds compared.

Nur wenn die Drehzahl N der Kurbelwelle innerhalb eines, von einem unteren Schwellenwert NSWU und einem oberen Schwellenwert NSWO begrenzten Bereiches liegt und zugleich die Änderung der Batteriespannung ΔUB größer als ein vorgegebener Schwellenwert UBSW ist, so wird im Verfahrensschritt S8 die Kraftstoffeinspritzung freigegeben und ein Normal-Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine wird eingeleitet (Verfahrensschritt S9). Unter Normal-Startvorgang ist dabei ein Vorgehen bezeichnet, wie es abläuft, wenn der Fahrer die Brennkraftmaschine durch Drehen des Zünd-Start-Schalters 19 ordnungsgemäß außer Betrieb gesetzt hat und anschließend nun durch Drehen desselben die Brennkraftmaschine wieder starten will.Only when the rotational speed N of the crankshaft is within a range bounded by a lower threshold N SWU and an upper threshold N SWO and at the same time the change in the battery voltage ΔUB is greater than a predetermined threshold UB SW , then in step S8 the fuel injection is released and a normal starting process of the internal combustion engine is initiated (step S9). Under normal starting process is a procedure referred to, as it runs when the driver has set the engine properly by turning the ignition-start switch 19 out of operation and then now by turning the same wants to start the engine again.

Die Abfragen für die Freigabe der Kraftstoffeinspritzung im Verfahrensschritt S7 beruhen auf der Erkenntnis, dass nach dem Detektieren einer erneuten Drehung der Kurbelwelle nach dem Abwürgen der Brennkraftmaschine 10, d.h. bei einer Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle mit einer Drehzahl, die innerhalb des vorgegebenen Drehzahlbereiches liegt ein erneuter, gewollter Start der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgen soll, wenn gleichzeitig die Batteriespannung UB um einen bestimmten Wert eingebrochen ist.
Aufgrund der hohen Stromaufnahme des Starters 20 ist ein signifikant hoher Einbruch der Batteriespannung UB zu dem Zeitpunkt messbar, wenn der Fahrer den Start-Zünd-Schalter 19 in die mit 2 bezeichnete Stellung dreht.The requests for the release of the fuel injection in method step S7 are based on the finding that after detecting a renewed rotation of the crankshaft after stalling of the internal combustion engine 10, ie at a rotational speed of the crankshaft at a rotational speed which lies within the predetermined rotational speed range, a renewed, intended start of the engine should be made if at the same time the battery voltage UB has collapsed by a certain value.
Due to the high current consumption of the starter 20, a significantly high drop in the battery voltage UB is measurable at the time when the driver turns the start-ignition switch 19 to the position indicated by 2.

Ist also ein Messwert der Batteriespannung signifikant (z.B. 20%) kleiner als der vorhergehende Messwert, so wird auf einen gewünschten Startvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine geschlossen.
Die Auswertung aufeinanderfolgender Messwerte zu den Zeitpunkten n,n-1 erfolgt in vorteilhafter Weise durch Differenzbildung der beiden Messwerte und Vergleich der Differenz ΔUB mit dem Schwellenwert UBSW. Dieser Schwellenwert UBSW wird durch Versuche auf dem Prüfstand für eine gegebene Brennkraftmaschine 10 zusammen mit dem Starter 20 experimentell ermittelt und ist in dem Speicher 15 der Steuerungseinrichtung 11 abgelegt.Thus, if a measured value of the battery voltage is significantly lower (eg 20%) than the previous measured value, then a desired starting process of the internal combustion engine is concluded.
The evaluation of successive measured values at the times n, n-1 takes place in an advantageous manner by subtraction of the two measured values and comparison of the difference ΔUB with the threshold value UB SW . This threshold value UB SW is experimentally determined by tests on the test stand for a given internal combustion engine 10 together with the starter 20 and is stored in the memory 15 of the control device 11.

Alternativ hierzu kann auch abgefragt werden, ob der Messwert der Batteriespannung UB unterhalb eines vorgegebenen absoluten Grenzwertes fällt. Auch dieser Grenzwert kann experimentell ermittelt und im Speicher 15 abgelegt werden.Alternatively, it can also be queried whether the measured value the battery voltage UB below a predetermined absolute Limit value falls. Again, this limit can be experimental determined and stored in the memory 15.

Als unterer Schwellenwert NSWU zum Erkennen der Kurbelwellendrehung kann dabei der zum Anspringen der Brennkraftmaschine benötigte Drehzahlwert verwendet werden, der bei Otto-Brennkraftmaschinen etwa 60-100 l/min und bei DieselBrennkraftmaschinen etwa 80-200 l/min beträgt und damit wesentlich kleiner ist als die Starterdrehzahlen. Als oberer Schwellenwert NSWO kann beispielsweise die vom Starter maximal abgebbare Drehzahl (je nach Typ bis zu 300 1/min) herangezogen werden. Die Schwellenwerte NSWU und NSWO werden ebenfalls experimentell ermittelt und sind in dem Speicher 15 abgelegt.As the lower threshold value N SWU for detecting the crankshaft rotation, the speed value required for starting the internal combustion engine can be used, which is approximately 60-100 l / min in the case of Otto internal combustion engines and approximately 80-200 l / min in the case of diesel internal combustion engines, and is thus substantially smaller than the starter speeds. The upper threshold N SWO can be, for example, the maximum speed that can be output by the starter (depending on the type, up to 300 1 / min). The thresholds N SWU and N SWO are also determined experimentally and are stored in the memory 15.

Alternativ zu dem Vergleich der Drehzahl N mit den Schwellenwerten NSWU und NSWO im Verfahrensschritt S7 kann auch eine Auswertung des Drehzahlgradienten erfolgen. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzung wird in diesem Falle erst freigegeben, wenn der Drehzahlgradient unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Wertes liegt.As an alternative to the comparison of the rotational speed N with the threshold values N SWU and N SWO in method step S7, it is also possible to evaluate the rotational speed gradient . The fuel injection is released in this case only when the speed gradient is below a predetermined value.

Die Abfragen im Verfahrensschritt S7 werden solange wiederholt, bis sichergestellt ist, dass die Drehung der Kurbelwelle vom Starter 20 herrührt. Diese Abfrage vollzieht sich in einer Warteschleife (Verfahrensschritt S10). The queries in method step S7 are repeated as long as until it is ensured that the rotation of the crankshaft originated from the starter 20. This query takes place in a holding pattern (step S10).

Die Figur 3 zeigt ein zweites Ablaufdiagramm, wie ein von dem Fahrer gewünschter Start der Brennkraftmaschine von einem ungewollten Start unterschieden werden kann.FIG. 3 shows a second flowchart, such as one of FIG Driver desired start of the engine of an unwanted Start can be distinguished.

Das anhand dieses Ablaufdiagramms beschriebene Verfahren ist bis auf die Verfahrensschritte S6 und S7 identisch mit dem Verfahren, wie es anhand des Ablaufdiagramms nach Figur 2 erläutert wurde. Während gemäß dem bereits beschriebenen Verfahren neben der Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine die Systemgröße Batteriespannung UB ausgewertet wird, wird nun zusätzlich zur Drehzahl N die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit V ausgewertet, um zu entscheiden, ob der Start der Brennkraftmaschine vom Fahrer gewollt ist oder durch äußere Einflüsse eingeleitet wird.The method described with reference to this flowchart is except for the method steps S6 and S7 identical to the Method, as explained with reference to the flowchart of Figure 2 has been. While according to the method already described in addition to the speed N of the internal combustion engine, the system size Battery voltage UB is evaluated, is now additional to the speed N, the vehicle speed V evaluated, to decide if the start of the internal combustion engine wanted by the driver or initiated by external influences becomes.

Im Verfahrensschritt S6 werden deshalb die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine 10 mittels des Kurbelwellensensors 16 und die Fahrgeschwindigkeit V mittels des Geschwindigkeitssensors 17 in einem festen Zeitraster, beispielsweise alle 10 ms gemessen.In method step S6, therefore, the rotational speed N of the Internal combustion engine 10 by means of the crankshaft sensor 16 and the driving speed V by means of the speed sensor 17 in a fixed time frame, for example, measured every 10 ms.

Nach Erkennung einer Drehung der Kurbelwelle (NSWU <N<NSWO) wird im Verfahrensschritt S7 überprüft, ob die Geschwindigkeit V des mit der Brennkraftmaschine 10 angetriebenen Fahrzeuges unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Schwellenwertes VSW liegt. Als Schwellenwert VSW ist im Idealfall der Wert Null zu nehmen, d.h. nur bei völlig stillstehendem Fahrzeug wird nach Erkennung einer oberhalb des Drehzahlschwellenwertes liegenden Drehzahl die Kraftstoffeinspritzung freigegeben. Da aber Geschwindigkeiten V=0 nur mit relativ großem Aufwand erfasst werden können, werden Fahrgeschwindigkeiten, die zwar größer als Null sind, aber noch unterhalb eines bestimmten Schwellenwertes liegen (z.B. 1,8 km/h), als Indiz für ein stehendes Fahrzeug gewertet.After detecting a rotation of the crankshaft (N SWU <N <N SWO ), it is checked in method step S7 whether the speed V of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 10 is below a predetermined threshold value V SW . In the ideal case, the value zero must be taken as the threshold value V SW , ie the fuel injection is released only when the vehicle is completely stationary after detection of a speed lying above the speed threshold value. However, since speeds V = 0 can only be detected with relatively great effort, speeds which are greater than zero but are still below a certain threshold value (eg 1.8 km / h) are regarded as an indication of a stationary vehicle.

Liegt die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit V unterhalb des Grenzwertes VSW, und zugleich die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine 10 innerhalb des Bereiches, so kann diese erneute Drehung der Kurbelwelle nach dem mechanischen Stopp der Brennkraftmaschine nicht von einer äußeren Krafteinwirkung stammen, sondern durch Aktivieren des Starters 20.If the vehicle speed V is below the limit value V SW , and at the same time the rotational speed N of the internal combustion engine 10 is within the range, then this renewed rotation of the crankshaft after the mechanical stop of the internal combustion engine can not originate from an external force, but by activating the starter 20.

Claims (6)

  1. Method for avoiding an unwanted startup of an internal combustion engine used to drive a vehicle, where said internal combustion engine was stopped mechanically by the effect of external force and in which the ignition system of the internal combustion engine carries on being provided with energy, with the following steps:
    a) Recording the speed (N) of the internal combustion engine (10),
    b) Checking whether the speed (N) is within a range (NSWU < N <NSWO) sufficient for the startup procedure of the internal combustion engine (1),
    c) Checking whether the change in speed (N) is caused by activation of an electric starter (20) of the internal combustion engine,
    d) Enabling the fuel injection for the internal combustion engine (10) if conditions b) and c) are met.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the activation of the starter (20) is detected by evaluating the battery voltage (UB) of the vehicle.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that
    the battery voltage (UB) is measured over a fixed period,
    the difference between two successive measured values is formed and
    the difference is compared to a preset threshold value (UBSW).
  4. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that a check is made to see whether the battery voltage (UB) falls below a preset threshold value.
  5. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that a check is made to see whether the vehicle speed (V) lies below a preset threshold value (VSW).
  6. Method according to one of Claims 3-5, characterized in that the threshold values are experimentally determined and are stored in a storage device (15) of the control device (10).
EP01101386A 2000-01-28 2001-01-22 Method for avoiding an inadvertent start of an internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1134389B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007009872A1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for identifying tow start operation of internal combustion engine in motor vehicle, involves detecting signal which represents activity or inactivity of starter unit of internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4430980A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-02-14 Chrysler Corporation Fuel pump cut-off circuit
JPS61135948A (en) * 1984-12-05 1986-06-23 Toyota Motor Corp Method of controlling injection quantity of fuel in internal combustion engine
DE19801187B4 (en) * 1998-01-15 2007-07-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007009872A1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for identifying tow start operation of internal combustion engine in motor vehicle, involves detecting signal which represents activity or inactivity of starter unit of internal combustion engine
US8584642B2 (en) 2007-02-28 2013-11-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for detecting a tow start operation of an internal combustion engine

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DE50102702D1 (en) 2004-08-05
EP1134389A2 (en) 2001-09-19

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