EP1133282A1 - Geschmacksmaskierendes überzugssystem mit schneller freisetzung - Google Patents

Geschmacksmaskierendes überzugssystem mit schneller freisetzung

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Publication number
EP1133282A1
EP1133282A1 EP99962868A EP99962868A EP1133282A1 EP 1133282 A1 EP1133282 A1 EP 1133282A1 EP 99962868 A EP99962868 A EP 99962868A EP 99962868 A EP99962868 A EP 99962868A EP 1133282 A1 EP1133282 A1 EP 1133282A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
taste masking
core
formulation
spacing layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99962868A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1133282A4 (de
Inventor
Kris E. Holt
Rajendra K. Khankari
John Hontz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cima Labs Inc
Original Assignee
Cima Labs Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cima Labs Inc filed Critical Cima Labs Inc
Priority to EP10010237.5A priority Critical patent/EP2260836B1/de
Publication of EP1133282A1 publication Critical patent/EP1133282A1/de
Publication of EP1133282A4 publication Critical patent/EP1133282A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/485—Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
    • A61K9/2077—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets
    • A61K9/2081—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets with microcapsules or coated microparticles according to A61K9/50
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the fields of medicine and pharmacy and particularly to providing effective taste masked dosage forms which facilitate compliance by patients.
  • Transdermal patches can be inconvenient or uncomfortable. They can also be quite expensive to produce. The flux of drug through the skin can also raise very complex dosing issues. Liquids are particularly useful for children. However, liquids can be inconvenient for adults and can be relatively expensive to formulate, package and transport. Tablets which can be dissolved in a liquid before ingestion can also be useful . However, they can also be quite inconvenient in that they require that a liquid and drinking container be provided. Time is required for disintegration or dissolution even when effervescent tablets are used. Finally, these materials can be quite a mess as they can leave a particulate and/or scum in the glass. In-mouth disintegrable dosage forms such as chewables and self disintegrating tablets offer great convenience.
  • Modified celluloses such as hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose (HPMC) , ethylcelluloses and mixtures of such celluloses have been used to produce enteric coatings as well as coatings which can provide a controlled drug release.
  • Controlled release means either an extended release or a rapid release in the small intestine.
  • Such coatings have also be used in taste masking. For many drugs they are acceptable not only for taste masking but also for providing a desired release. However, such coatings were found to be ineffective when it came to orally disintegrating tablets containing gatifloxacin .
  • Eudragit E100 which is a mixture of methylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid ester has also been known for use in taste masking, particularly in combination with celluloses such as a cellulose esters.
  • the present invention relates to the discovery of a coating system useful for completely taste masking objectionable tasting drugs.
  • the taste masking is accomplished without significantly altering the release and availability of the drug.
  • a taste masked formulation which includes a taste masked formulation which rapidly releases in the stomach of a patient comprising:
  • a drug containing core A drug containing core
  • a taste masking layer composed of a material which is generally insoluble in saliva at a neutral to basic pH and completely soluble in saliva at a pH of less than about 6.5 ;
  • the taste masking layer must be capable of rapidly exposing the spacing layer when the formulation reaches the patient's stomach.
  • the taste masked formulation is a rapid release formulation capable of rapidly exposing the contents of the core when introduced to the patient's stomach.
  • Thick coatings can cause problems both in terms of size and cost. They can also raise problems in that they may interfere with the desired release profile of the drug. It has been found, however, that by coordinating the right types of coating materials, it is possible to completely mask the taste of particularly objectionable drugs while, at the same time, not adversely affecting the intended drug release profile. This is particularly critical in the context of rapid release dosage forms. By “rapid release,” it is understood that the taste masking system should provide little or no interference with the solubility and bioavailability of the drug when compared to the same drug administered in, for example, elixir or solution form.
  • a spacing layer in combination with a taste masking layer has been found to be particularly effective. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is believed that drugs, even granulated formulations, can interfere with taste masking coatings. Fines, abrasions, variable coating thickness and the like can all lead to situations where the taste mask coating is compromised. With certain aggressively bad tasting drugs, even a little exposure is too much. This is particularly problematic where the taste mask coating used is one which is designed to dissolve rapidly at acidic pHs . When such coatings are held in the mouth of a patient during the tablet's disintegration, a neutral to slightly acidic pH can sufficiently undermine taste masking so as to expose the patient to objectionable tasting drugs.
  • a dosage form which includes a dosage form intended for direct oral administration, comprising: an effective amount of at least one drug, said drug present in the cores of coated particles, said cores including a taste masking layer composed of a material which is generally insoluble in saliva at a neutral to basic pH and completely soluble in saliva at a pH of less than about 6.5 and a spacing layer surrounding said core and substantially completely sequestering said core from said taste masking layer; said taste masking layer preventing exposure of said spacing layer in the mouth of a patient for a period of at least about 20 seconds after being placed into the mouth; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient provided in an amount of between greater than zero and about 100%, based on the weight of the finished dosage form.
  • Figure 1 is an illustration of a coated particle in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention can be used for any material whether objectionable tasting or not. However, where the underlying material is not objectionable tasting, there may be no need to resort to the added steps of applying the compound coatings of the present invention.
  • obnoxious drugs such as, for example, gatifloxacin, dextromethorphan, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, aspirin and pseudoephedrine, however, where any risk of exposure of the drug within the patient's mouth is unacceptable, the present invention is indispensable.
  • a drug in powder, granulate, matrix, adsorbate, or liquid form is provided as the core 11 of the taste masked formulation 10.
  • the core 11 is surrounded by a spacing layer 12.
  • the spacing layer itself is surrounded by a taste masking layer 13 such that the spacing layer 12 physically separates, preferably completely, the core 11 from the taste masking layer 13.
  • other layers located between the core 11 and the spacing layer 12, between the spacing layer 12 and the taste masking layer 13, or surrounding the taste masking layer 13 are also possible so long as they do not change the basic and novel characteristics of the invention.
  • Drug(s) in accordance with the present invention can be any pharmaceutically active material and can also include vitamins, minerals, nutritional supplements and the like. These can include, without limitation systematically distributable pharmaceutically active materials, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplements, as well as non-systematically distributable pharmaceutically active materials.
  • Drugs or pharmaceutically active materials may include, without limitation, antacids, analgesics, anti-inflammatories , antipyretics antibiotics, antimicrobials, laxatives, anorexics, antihistamines, antiasthmatics , antidiuretics, antiflatuents , antimigraine agents, antispasmodics , sedatives, antihyperactives, antihypertensives , tranquilizers , decongestants, beta blockers and combinations thereof.
  • drug(s) are the pharmaceutically active materials described in Mantelle, U.S. Patent No. 5,234,957, in columns 18 through 21. The text of Mantelle is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • vitamin refers to trace substances that are required in the diet.
  • vitamin (s) include, without limitation, thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, vitamin B12, lipoic acid, ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K.
  • coenzymes are specific chemical forms of vitamins.
  • Coenzymes include thiamine pyrophosphates (TPP) , flavin mononucleotide (FMN) , flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) , Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) , Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) Coenzyme A (CoA) pyridoxal phosphate, biocytin, tetrahydrofolic acid, coenzyme B12, lipoyllysine, 11-cis-retinal , and 1, 2-S-dihydroxy- cholecalciferol .
  • the term "vitamin(s)” also includes choline, carnitine, and alpha, beta, and gamma carotenes.
  • the term “mineral” refers to inorganic substances, metals, and the like required in the human diet.
  • the term “mineral” as used herein includes, without limitation, calcium, (calcium carbonate) , iron, zinc, selenium, copper, iodine, magnesium, phosphorus, chromium and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • dietary supplement means a substance which has an appreciable nutritional effect when administered in small amounts.
  • Dietary supplements include, without limitation, such ingredients as bee pollen, bran, wheat germ, kelp, cod liver oil, ginseng, and fish oils, amino-acids, proteins and mixtures thereof.
  • dietary supplements may incorporate vitamins and minerals.
  • the amount of drug incorporated in each dosage form may be selected according to known principles of pharmacy.
  • Dosage form means a tablet or capsule, soft gel capsule, caplet and the like. Slugged capsules are also contemplated.
  • An effective amount of drug is specifically contemplated.
  • effective amount it is understood that, with respect to for example pharmaceuticals, a pharmaceutically effective amount is contemplated.
  • a pharmaceutically effective amount is the amount or quantity of a drug or pharmaceutically active substance which is sufficient to elicit the required or desired therapeutic response, or in other words, the amount which is sufficient to elicit an appreciable biological response when administered to a patient.
  • the term "effective amount” means an amount at least about 10% of the United States Recommended Daily Allowance ("RDA") of that particular ingredient for a patient.
  • RDA United States Recommended Daily Allowance
  • an effective amount of vitamin C would include an amount of vitamin C sufficient to provide 10% or more of the RDA.
  • the tablet includes a mineral or vitamin, it will incorporate higher amounts, preferably about 100% or more of the applicable RDA.
  • the amount of drug used can vary greatly.
  • the size of the dosage form, the requirements of other ingredients, the size, age, weight, sex, condition of the patient, their medical condition and the number of, for example, tablets which constitute a single dose can all impact the upper limit of the amount of pharmactive ingredient which can be used.
  • the active ingredient is provided in an amount of between greater than zero and about 60% by weight of the finished tablet and, more preferably, in a range of between greater than zero and about 40% by weight thereof.
  • the active ingredient can be included in an amount of between about 1 microgram to about 2 grams and more preferably between about 0.01 and about 1000 milligrams per dosage form.
  • the amount of drug refers only to the actual amount of drug in dosage forms containing cores of the taste-masked formulations, i.e. the core of the coated particles, as well as any other drug present. It does not include the weight of any coating. For example, if a dosage form in accordance with the present invention includes coated particles in accordance with the present invention as well as some uncoated drug, the weight of drug includes the weight of the core and the weight of uncoated drug, but not the weight of the coating. It also does not include the weight of any excipients which may be used in producing the core.
  • excipients may include binders, fillers, lubricants, disintegrants, bulking agents, colors, solvents, flavors adsorbates (such as sugar spheres) or absorbates, and the like. These excipients, if present at all, can be used in convential amounts, and typically range from about .5% to about 95% percent by weight, based on the weight of the formulation
  • the spacing layer can be provided in an amount of between about 5 and about 100, and preferably 20 to about 50 percent weight gain, based on the weight of cores.
  • the taste-masking layer can be provided in an amount of between about 5 and about 100, and preferably between 20 and about 70 percent weight gain, based on the weight of the core and the spacing layer.
  • the spacing layer has a thickness of between about 5 microns and about 75 microns and more preferably between about 5 microns and about 30 microns.
  • the core can be formed by conventional methods such as, for example, granulation, spray-layering, spheronization, microencapsulation or densification (roller compaction or slugging) .
  • the core may then be coated by conventional methods with the spacing layer.
  • the spacing layer can be composed of any material, or combination of materials, which can completely coat the drug core and prevent it from migrating, piercing or otherwise interfering with the taste masking layer.
  • the spacing layer can be a controlled release coating. Such coating include, without limitation, an enteric coating , an extended release coating (one providing release of drugs over 12 to 24 hours or longer) or, a coating providing a pulsed (pulsitile) or targeted delivery.
  • the spacing layer surrounding the core will be made of a material which allows for rapid release. Rapid release means that the coating material will pose little or no impediment to the otherwise normal dissolution and bioavailability of the drug if given in bulk form. In general, a rapid release coating will not delay dissolution by more than one half hour. More preferably, the delay caused will be less than about ten minutes.
  • the spacing layer can be made of any material that can sequester the core from the taste masking layer. Preferably, the material will rapidly expose the core when in a patient's stomach.
  • These materials include without limitation, modified celluloses such as ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycols, polyalkylene oxides, sugars and sugar alcohols, waxes, shellacs, acrylics, etc., and mixtures thereof.
  • modified celluloses such as ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycols, polyalkylene oxides, sugars and sugar alcohols, waxes, shellacs, acrylics, etc., and mixtures thereof.
  • these materials can provide some measure of taste masking as well.
  • Many of these materials, alone or in combination can provide controlled release. But, when used for rapid release, these same coatings may need to be applied in a thin layer or in combination with swelling agents, soluble materials allowing for pore formation and the like.
  • the taste masking layer which may be coated over the spacing layer by conventional methods as previously discussed, must meet several criteria. First, it should be capable of rapidly dissolving in the stomach of a patient so as to rapidly expose the spacing layer. This is particularly critical when rapid release dosage forms are intended as both coatings must act in concert so as to prevent unwanted delay in the drug delivery. At the same time, the taste masking layer must, when properly sequestered from the core, prevent or delay exposure of the core, and preferably the spacing layer also, for a period of time which is sufficient to allow the dosage form to disintegrate in a patient's mouth and be swallowed. Generally, the taste masking coating must taste mask (i.e.
  • the coating should be generally insoluble in saliva, i.e. in materials having a neutral to slightly basic pH of greater than about 6.5. Generally insoluble does not require complete insolubility, however, the material needs to be insoluble enough to provide effective taste masking. However, the coating is preferably completely and generally rapidly soluble at pHs of less than about 6.5. Of course, the rate of solubility may increase with the decrease in pH .
  • Eudragit E-100 aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer E
  • Rohm GmbH Darmstadt, Germany. This material is generally insoluble at basic pHs . However, at neutral to slightly acidic pHs , in the range of between about 6.5 and 7.0, Eudragit E-100 can swell sufficiently to cause problems.
  • the combination of the slightly acidic pH in some patients' saliva and the coating imperfections caused by directly coating the core with the taste masking layer result in either a high immediate risk of exposure or a greatly reduced duration of taste masking. That time period can also be extended by increasing the thickness of the taste masking layer.
  • other taste masking materials can be used which are more insensitive to saliva having a slightly acidic pH yet are sufficiently sensitive to pH below 6.5 to be of value. Anything that is base insoluble, but acid soluble and meets the other criteria set forth herein would be acceptable.
  • the taste masking layer has a thickness of between about 5 and about 75 microns and more preferably about 5 and about 30 microns.
  • excipients such as colorants, anti-tack agents, fillers, plasticizers, pore forming agents, glossing agents, etc. can be added to the material which forms any coating layer, or such materials can be added over and/or under any such layer.
  • the amount of such materials will be between about 0-300% of the weight of the polymer, and preferably 0-100% by weight.
  • the spacing layer can provide some additional taste masking in the eventuality that the taste masking layer is compromised by, for example, chewing, extended exposure to saliva in the mouth, excessively acidic saliva, or coating imperfections. For some particularly obnoxious drugs, seconds can count and the taste masking ability of the spacing layer can play an integral part in preventing the exposure of a patient to a particularly objectionable medication.
  • Particles formed from the coated drug in accordance with the present invention may range in size from a few microns to as much as 1,500 microns. The lower limit of the size is not important, provided integrity is not compromised. Particles should generally not be larger than 1,200 microns and preferably no larger than 850 microns.
  • Rapid release dosage forms in accordance with the present invention are those in which the drug is rapidly released from the coatings in the stomach. To the extent possible, the effect of the spacing and taste masking layers under such circumstances will be minimal in terms of reducing the normal bioavailability of the same drug if uncoated. It is important that that coating be intact, to the extent necessary to serve its taste-masking function, while the dosage form is in the mouth of the patient. However, once the patient has swallowed and there is no longer a need to protect the tastebuds from the drug, it may be desirable that the drug be immediately bioavailable .
  • a rapid release dosage form in accordance with the present invention is one which disintegrates rapidly in the mouth to form a suspension of particles which will, once they clear the mouth, release their contents so as not to significantly interfere with the normal bioavailability of the active ingredient as described.
  • the coated particles of drug in accordance with the present invention are provided in an amount of between greater than zero to about 75% by weight based on the weight of the finished tablet. More preferably, the particles provided in an amount of between greater than zero and about 60% by weight .
  • the balance of the dosage form will be either an alternative drug, either uncoated or coated by some other technology, disintegrants and/or excipient (s) .
  • the present invention requires the formation of a rapidly disintegratable tablet. That means that the tablet will disintegrate in the mouth of the patient in less than 90 seconds and, more preferably, in less than 45 seconds. It is therefore very important to have, contained within the formulation, a suitable disintegration agent.
  • These disintegration agents can include, for example, microcrystalline cellulose such as: AVICEL PH 200, PH 101, Ac- di-Sol-croscarmelose sodium, PVP-X , starches and modified starches, polymers and gums such as: Hydroxymethylcellulose , Hydroxypropylcellulose, Arabic, Xanthan, Hydroxypropyl - methylcellulose, and Carbopols.
  • microcrystalline cellulose such as: AVICEL PH 200, PH 101, Ac- di-Sol-croscarmelose sodium, PVP-X , starches and modified starches
  • polymers and gums such as: Hydroxymethylcellulose , Hydroxypropylcellulose, Arabic, Xanthan, Hydroxypropyl - methylcellulose, and Carbopols.
  • the non-effervescent disintegration agent or combination of agents is generally present in an amount of between greater than zero and about 20% by weight based on the weight of the tablet. However, preferably, it is provided in an amount of between about 2 and about 12% by weight based on the weight of the finished tablet.
  • the effervescent couple may be desirable to use an effervescent couple alone or in combination with the other recited ingredients to improve the disintegration profile, the organoleptic properties of the material and the like.
  • the effervescent couple is provided in an amount of between about 2 and about 50%, and more preferably, between about 3 and about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the finished tablet. It is particularly preferred that sufficient effervescent material be provided such that the evolved gas is less than about 30 cm3 , upon exposure to an aqueous environment .
  • effervescent disintegration agent includes compounds which evolve gas.
  • the preferred effervescent agents evolve gas by means of a chemical reaction which takes place upon exposure of the effervescent disintegration agent (an effervescent couple) to water and/or to saliva in the mouth. This reaction is most often the result of the reaction of a soluble acid source and an alkali monohydrogencarbonate or carbonate source. The reaction of these two general compounds produces carbon dioxide gas upon contact with water or saliva.
  • water-activated materials must be kept in a generally anhydrous state and with little or no absorbed moisture or in a stable hydrated form, since exposure to water will prematurely disintegrate the tablet.
  • the acid sources may be any which are safe for human consumption and may generally include food acids, acid and hydrite antacids such as, for example: citric, tartaric, amalic, fumeric, adipic, and succinics .
  • Carbonate sources include dry solid carbonate and bicarbonate salt such as, preferably, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like. Reactants which evolve oxygen or other gasses and which are safe for human consumption are also included.
  • the amount of disintegration agent, either effervescent or noneffervescent or the combination thereof provided be sufficient such that the tablet provides a pleasant organoleptic sensation in the mouth of the patient. In some instances, the patient should be able to perceive a distinct sensation of fizzing or bubbling as the tablet disintegrates in the mouth. In general, the amount of either effervescence disintegration agent, noneffervescent disintegration agent or both in accordance with the present invention should be sufficient to allow for the rapid and complete disintegration of the tablet when orally administered. Disintegration time in the mouth can be measured by observing the disintegration time of the tablet in water at about 37°C.
  • the tablet is immersed in the water without forcible agitation or with minimal agitation.
  • the disintegration time is the time from immersion for substantially complete dispersion of the tablet as determined by visual observation. Complete disintegration of the tablet does not require dissolution or disintegration of the microparticles or other discrete materials included.
  • the dosage forms in accordance with the present invention may include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients flavors, diluents, colors, binders, fillers, compaction vehicles, and lubricants.
  • the total of solid excipients will generally range from greater than zero to near 100% by weight based on the weight of the finished dosage form.
  • the excipients and/or the combination of excipients and disintegrants are present in an amount of greater than zero to about 95% and more preferably, about 75% by weight of the finished dosage form.
  • the filler in accordance with the present invention will preferably assist in preventing the rupture of the particles during compression.
  • the filler will also assist in the rapid disintegration of the dosage form in the mouth.
  • Such fillers include sugars and sugar alcohols. Non-limiting examples include dextrose, mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, sucrose.
  • the filler is, however, generally a non-direct compression filler. Dextrose, for example, can exist as either a direct compression sugar, i.e. a sugar which has been modified to increase its compressibility, or a non-direct compression sugar.
  • Tablet binders may be used in an amount of about 60 weight percent and preferably about 10 percent to 40 percent based on the weight of the total composition.
  • Noneffervescent disintegrants such as, for example, starches, PVP-X , microcrystalline cellulose and the like may also be used and may comprise up to about 20 weight percent, preferably between about two percent and about 6 percent of the total weight composition.
  • Coloring agents used may range from between about 0.1 to 3.5 weight percent of the total composition.
  • Flavors incorporated into the composition may be chosen from synthetic flavor oils and flavoring aromatics and/or natural oils, extracts from plants, leaves, flowers, fruits and so forth, and combinations thereof.
  • Flavors may be present in the amount of ranging from about 0.1 to 3.0 percent.
  • Lubricants according to the present invention may be used in the amount of up to 10 weight percent, and preferably between 0.1 and about 6 weight percent based on the total composition. Tablet hardness is generally not important, except in the context of rapid disintegration in a patient's mouth. Therefore, traditional tableting, slugging, etc. can be used along with sufficient compression forces to produce tablets with hardness values of generally between about 10 and about 100 Newtons . Tablets, slugs for capsules and cores for solid caplets are preferred dosage forms .
  • Gatifloxacin was granulated with an ethanolic solution of PVP for a final binder content of 2%. After drying, the granulate was screened to eliminate particles larger than 40 mesh and smaller than 80 mesh. 1.0kg screened granules was weighed into the processor bowl of a fluid bed coating apparatus fitted with a Wurster insert. The granulate powder was spray-coated to a 50% weight gain with an 80:20 mixture of ethylcellulose :HPMC film solids to provide a spacing layer. A taste-masking layer was applied by application of a 67:33 mixture of Eudragit ElOO and magnesium stearate to a weight gain of 70%. Resulting beads are 400-900 ⁇ m in diameter, tasteless for approximately 60 seconds and approximately 40% potent. Dissolution was about 97% in 7 54 minutes and 100% in 15 minutes by USP Paddle Method 2. Dissolution of the uncoated material is 100% at 7 minutes.
  • Gatifloxacin granules prepared as describe in Example 2, are coated with three successive coatings of 80:20 ethylcellulose :HPMC to 25% weight gains (95% total weight gain) . Resulting beads are tasteless for more than 30 seconds. However, drug release from the coated material is 1% at 7 minutes and 26% at 90 minutes.
  • Gatifloxacin granules prepared as described in Example 2, are coated with Eudragit E-100 to a 50% weight gain. Resulting beads are tasteless for about 5 seconds and have an extremely objectionable taste within 16 seconds.
  • the invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry in that it provides for formulation and dosage forms for effective drug delivery.

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EP99962868A 1998-11-25 1999-11-24 Geschmacksmaskierendes überzugssystem mit schneller freisetzung Withdrawn EP1133282A4 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10010237.5A EP2260836B1 (de) 1998-11-25 1999-11-24 Schnellfreisetzende Tablette mit beschichtetem, wirkstoffhaltigem Kern und umgebender Schicht als Geschmacksbarriere

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11003298P 1998-11-25 1998-11-25
US110032P 1998-11-25
PCT/US1999/027981 WO2000030617A1 (en) 1998-11-25 1999-11-24 Taste masking rapid release coating system

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EP99962868A Withdrawn EP1133282A4 (de) 1998-11-25 1999-11-24 Geschmacksmaskierendes überzugssystem mit schneller freisetzung

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JP (1) JP2002530322A (de)
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Publication number Publication date
CA2351720C (en) 2006-11-21
AU1922000A (en) 2000-06-13
AU753476B2 (en) 2002-10-17
EP2260836B1 (de) 2016-08-10
WO2000030617A9 (en) 2000-11-23
HK1146901A1 (zh) 2011-07-22
CA2351720A1 (en) 2000-06-02
WO2000030617A1 (en) 2000-06-02
EP2260836A2 (de) 2010-12-15
ES2601855T3 (es) 2017-02-16
EP2260836A3 (de) 2012-02-01
JP2002530322A (ja) 2002-09-17
EP1133282A4 (de) 2006-03-29

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