EP1131499A1 - Wheeled shovel loader - Google Patents

Wheeled shovel loader

Info

Publication number
EP1131499A1
EP1131499A1 EP99950603A EP99950603A EP1131499A1 EP 1131499 A1 EP1131499 A1 EP 1131499A1 EP 99950603 A EP99950603 A EP 99950603A EP 99950603 A EP99950603 A EP 99950603A EP 1131499 A1 EP1131499 A1 EP 1131499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boom
shovel
arm
shovel loader
additional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99950603A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1131499B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Schaeff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeff Terex GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Publication of EP1131499A1 publication Critical patent/EP1131499A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1131499B1 publication Critical patent/EP1131499B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0841—Articulated frame, i.e. having at least one pivot point between two travelling gear units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/065—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • E02F3/3408—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism of the parallelogram-type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
    • Y10S414/13—Handlers utilizing parallel links

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile shovel loader with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • shovel loaders for example mobile on caterpillars or tires, are known and have a wide range of uses. In particular, these shovel loaders are used to load trucks with soil and building materials. When loading high trucks or large dump trucks, especially with light bulk goods such as coal, coke, wood chips, garbage, etc., shovel loaders with a very large loading height are required. Such shovel loaders have, for example, a shovel pivot point of at least five meters above the level. In order to achieve this loading height, on the one hand there are very large shovel loaders with correspondingly articulated long booms with a corresponding dead weight and high engine output (for example 30 tons dead weight at 300 hp) for loading heavy goods. However, these shovel loaders are too large and too expensive to load light goods.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the loading height of a relatively small mobile shovel loader from large series production in such a way that it can be used without compromising the stability for loading high trucks with light bulk goods.
  • the shovel loader has an additional boom which is articulated in the manner of a parallel link by means of first links and second links on the extension arm and connects the extension arm and the tool.
  • the shovel loader also has means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom depending on the angular position of the boom arm with respect to the boom pivot axis.
  • the additional boom is adjusted from a position folded in on the boom arm at the earliest after the boom arm has passed through its horizontal position with an upward pivoting movement. This ensures that an extension of the overall only occurs above the horizontal position of the cantilever arm. Conversely, it is of course also ensured that when the cantilever arm is pivoted downward, the additional cantilever arm is completely folded in again at the latest before the cantilever arm passes through its horizontal position.
  • the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom include at least one angle sensor.
  • the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom include at least one displacement sensor.
  • the additional boom for extending the loading shovel can also be adjusted in a substantially horizontal direction below the horizontal position of the extension arm, the extension arm being switchable to a so-called floating position to compensate for the circular path of the loading shovel caused by the adjustment of the additional boom.
  • This measure allows, for example, the special boom to be moved forward in special steering situations in which the shovel loader cannot be moved closer to the location of the pick-up or delivery of goods to be moved.
  • the additional cantilever Before the cantilever arm can be raised from this position, the additional cantilever must be fully retracted to ensure that it does not tip over.
  • an electrical angle or displacement sensor is advantageously provided for releasing the lifting movement by the cantilever arm.
  • the length of the first link and the second link is essentially the same.
  • the length of the first link is less than or greater than the length of the second link.
  • This unequal configuration of the lengths of the first link and second link allows the end position of the additional boom to be influenced in the fully unfolded position.
  • the first drivers i.e. the chassis remote from the boom arm
  • the additional boom has a relatively flat positioning in relation to the fully raised boom.
  • Figure 1 shows a shovel loader according to the invention in a side view with the boom fully retracted and fully extended.
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the front section of the shovel loader of Figure 1 with the boom in an approximately horizontal position.
  • FIG. 3 shows in an enlarged detail from FIG. 1 the front section of the shovel loader according to the invention with the boom fully folded in and fully extended.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c show the horizontal adjustment of the arm of the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a successive sequence, in which the loading shovel is moved forward along the floor.
  • FIG. 5 shows the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 with a stacking fork as a working tool replacing the loading shovel in a horizontal adjustment of the boom along an elevated horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 1 shows a shovel loader 1 according to the invention with articulated steering that can be driven on tires.
  • the invention can also be implemented with other conventional shovel loaders with steering knuckle steering, crawler tracks and the like.
  • a cantilever arm 3 is pivoted about a cantilever pivot axis 4 (cf. also FIG. 3).
  • a first lifting cylinder 5, which serves to pivot the boom arm 3, engages at one end on the loader frame and at the other end approximately centrally on the boom arm 3.
  • the components of the boom arm 3, boom pivot axis 4 and lifting cylinder 5 largely correspond to the standard parts of a standard shovel loader.
  • the shovel loader 1 comprises an additional boom 7, the length of which in the exemplary embodiment shown and described is essentially somewhat shorter than the length of the boom arm 3.
  • the additional boom 7 is articulated by means of a first link 8 and a second link 9 to the extension arm in the manner of a parallel link such that it comes to rest directly on the extension arm 3 in its folded position (see also FIG. 2).
  • the links 8, 9 can each be individual links or, in particular, symmetrically arranged pairs of links.
  • the first link 8 is articulated on an end of the boom arm 3 remote from the boom pivot axis 4 about an axis of rotation 6, which is the blade tilt axis of the series boom 3, while the link 9 engages approximately in the region of the center of the boom arm 3.
  • the articulation axis 18 of the second link 9 on the extension arm 3 coincides with the articulation axis of the first lifting cylinder 5, which can of course be configured differently in other embodiments.
  • the links 8, 9 are arranged on the additional boom 7, specifically in the area approximately in the middle of the additional boom 7 (link 8) and at an end 19 pointing towards the shovel loader 1 (link 9).
  • a second lifting cylinder 15 is provided for moving the additional boom 7 out of and into its folded position on the boom arm 3, which is articulated at one end approximately centrally on the link 9 and at the other end on the boom arm 3 or on the boom pivot axis 4.
  • other articulations of the second lifting cylinder 15 are also also the other actuating cylinders necessary to operate the entire boom and the loading shovel are possible.
  • Both the first and the second lifting cylinder can be paired arrangements of hydraulic cylinders, if the size or the load to be handled by the loader so requires.
  • the loading shovel 13 is actuated by means of a tilting linkage 11, 12 which has a rocker arm articulated (approximately in the middle) on the additional boom 7
  • the tilt linkage 11, 12 is actuated by means of a tilt cylinder 14, which engages on one end on a central section of the rocker arm 12 and on the other end on the end 19 of the additional boom 7 facing the shovel loader 1.
  • Loading shovel 13, tipping rods 11, 12 and tipping cylinder 14 can correspond to the normal series device and differ from the example shown.
  • An angle sensor 16 or 17 is respectively arranged on the boom pivot axis 4 and on the bucket pivot axis 10.
  • the angle sensors 16, 17 are used to determine the relative angle between the boom arm 3 and the vehicle body 2 or the position of the loading shovel 13 with respect to the additional boom 7.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 14 are controlled electronically on the basis of the angle or position values determined by the angle sensors 16, 17 , 15.
  • the angle sensor 16 is part of means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom 7, as will be described below.
  • other suitable sensors can of course also be used are used, for example displacement sensors, which are preferably arranged on the extension arm 3 or on the first lifting cylinder 5.
  • the loading shovel 13 is lifted by pivoting the boom arm 3 about the boom pivot axis 4 by means of the first lifting cylinder 5.
  • the axis of rotation 6 (bucket pivot point of the series device) describes a circular path Kl ( up to the highest position A) and the blade articulation axis 10 describes a circular path K2 which leads through a horizontal position D.
  • the bucket pivot axis 10 is at the same height as the boom pivot axis 4 and the maximum radius corresponding to the minimum tipping load has been reached.
  • the additional boom 7 initially remains unpowered in its retracted position on the boom arm 3, while the tilting cylinder 14 already actuates the loading shovel 13 in a controlled manner by the angle sensor 17 and associated control means, which are not shown in detail that the loading bucket 13 always points upwards with its opening (parallel holding function - cf. FIG. 2, in which the overall boom is shown in the position indicated by D in FIG. 3).
  • an adjustment of the additional cantilever 7 begins by means of the second lifting cylinder 15, which is controlled by electronic control means connected to the angle sensor 16.
  • the embodiment of the additional boom 7 is adjusted from a position Bl of the axis of rotation 6 of the boom 3, which is approximately 10 ° above the horizontal.
  • an adjustment of the additional boom 7 can also begin in other positions, which, however, are preferably all above the maximum radius, in order to prevent the maximum radius from being exceeded even during loading work on slightly sloping terrain, or to ensure that it cannot tip over.
  • the position B1 of the axis of rotation 6 corresponds to a position B2 of the bucket linkage axis 10, which represents the end point of the previous circular path K2 of the bucket linkage axis 10, since the bucket linkage axis 10 at the end of the additional boom 7 now moves more upward by actuation and the associated folding out of the additional boom 7 is considered on the circular path K2.
  • the parallel holding function by hydraulically electronic adjustment of the angular position between the loading shovel and the additional boom 7 is thus superimposed on a folding-out movement of the additional boom 7, so that after reaching position A through the axis of rotation 6 of the extension arm 3, the bucket linkage axis 10 of the additional boom 7 has reached the highest position C.
  • FIGS 4c The horizontal adjustment of the loading shovel below the horizontal position of the extension arm 3 is shown in FIGS 4c illustrates.
  • FIG. 4 a shows the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 in the basic position with the boom lowered and the loading shovel 13 tilted out 13 is located. If, for example, this is not possible due to the unsuitable nature of the subsoil, the boom can now be moved forward according to the invention by actuating the additional boom 7, as shown in FIGS. 4b and 4c. For this purpose, the second lifting cylinder 15 is actuated and the links 8, 9 are adjusted.
  • the cantilever arm 3 is switched to a so-called floating position, in which it is actuated by means of the first lifting cylinder 5 in such a way that the circular path of the loading shovel 13 caused by the adjustment of the additional boom 7 takes place, so that the loading shovel 13 essentially runs along a path horizontal plane, given by the ground.
  • the loading shovel 13 is moved so far forward that it is sufficiently filled with the load L (FIG. 4c), the filled loading shovel is tipped over.
  • the additional boom 7 must be completely retracted. This position corresponds to the position shown in Figure 4a, with the difference that the loading shovel 13 is tilted upwards. Only then can the cantilever arm 3 be raised, as explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • An electric angle or displacement sensor is preferably provided on the handlebar 9 or on the second lifting cylinder 15, which registers the position of the additional boom 7 and only when the additional extension is completely retracted. ger 7 releases the lifting movement for the cantilever arm 3. This ensures adequate tipping safety.
  • FIG. 5 A corresponding application of the horizontal adjustment along a horizontal plane spaced from the floor is illustrated in FIG. 5 using the example of a stacker insert.
  • the loading shovel 13 is replaced by a stacking fork 13 'as a working tool.
  • the horizontal movement of the additional boom 7 according to the invention explained above with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c can be used, as illustrated by the dash-dotted line, without the shovel loader having to be moved forwards or backwards.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is based on the fact that the shovel loader according to the invention can be obtained with relatively simple means by exchanging the cantilever arm from a series shovel loader without the stability being significantly changed by an overly long cantilever arm and all the working tools of the series device can be used further.
  • a small series shovel loader can be used for the upload work, the additional weight of the additional boom being compensated for by an additional counterweight (reference number 20 in FIG. 1).
  • the circular paths Kl and K2 can coincide in the most favorable case. If, however, as in the exemplary embodiment shown, they are spaced apart from one another, this shift in the center of gravity must also be compensated by the additional counterweight 20.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, but also includes further structural modifications.
  • the handlebar pairs 8 and 9 do not have to be of essentially the same length, as in the illustrated embodiment, but can also be of different lengths.
  • the number of handlebars and their articulation points can be freely selected without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the cantilever arm 3 and / or the additional frame 7 can be equipped as desired, for example as a so-called mono-boom cantilever, as a hollow body box construction or as a frame formed from two side parts, as shown by way of example.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wheeled shovel loader that comprises a boom (3) capable of pivoting about an axis (4) as well as a loading shovel (13) that can be actuated by a tilting structure (11, 12). According to this invention, at least one additional arm (7) connecting the boom (3) and the loading shovel (13) is hinged so as to be capable of displacement in the same way as a parallelogram on said arm (3) under the action of at least a first connecting rod (8) and at least a second connecting rod (9). The shovel loader of the present invention comprises means for controlling the displacement of the additional arm (7) according to the angular position of the boom (3) relative to its pivot axis (4), as well as means for maintaining the loading shovel (13) in a horizontal position.

Description

Fahrbarer Schaufe11ader Mobile shovel 11 vein
Die Erfindung betrifft einen fahrbaren Schaufellader mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a mobile shovel loader with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige, beispielsweise auf Raupen oder Reifen fahrbare Schaufellader sind bekannt und haben ein breites Einsatzfeld. Insbesondere werden diese Schaufellader zum Beladen von Lastautos mit Erde und Baumaterial verwendet. Beim Beladen von hohen Lastautos oder großen Dumperfahrzeugen insbesondere mit LeichtSchüttgütern wie Kohle, Koks, Holz- schnitzel, Müll usw. werden Schaufellader mit einer sehr großen Ladehöhe benötigt. Derartige Schaufellader verfügen beispielsweise über einen Schaufeldrehpunkt von mindestens fünf Metern über Planum. Um diese Ladehöhe zu erreichen, gibt es einerseits sehr große Schaufellader mit entsprechend hoch angelenkten langen Auslegern mit einem entsprechenden Eigengewicht und großer Motorleistung (beispielsweise 30 Tonnen Eigengewicht bei 300 PS) zum Verladen von Schwergütern. Zum Verladen von Leichtgütern sind diese Schaufellader jedoch zu groß und zu teuer. Andererseits gibt es sogenannte Teleskopstapler mit Leichtgutschaufeln, die in der Praxis jedoch nicht sehr beliebt sind, da sie relativ langsam und sehr verschleißanfällig sind. Die bei Teleskopstaplern verwendeten Teleskope laufen in Gleitführungen, die bei Staub- und Schmutzbelastung und schneller Gleitgeschwindigkeit verschleißen und zu Ausfällen führen. Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Ladehöhe eines relativ kleinen fahrbaren Schaufelladers aus der Großserienproduktion derart zu erhöhen, daß dieser ohne Abstriche bei der Standsicherheit zum Beladen hoher Lastautos mit Leichtschüttgütern verwendbar ist.Such shovel loaders, for example mobile on caterpillars or tires, are known and have a wide range of uses. In particular, these shovel loaders are used to load trucks with soil and building materials. When loading high trucks or large dump trucks, especially with light bulk goods such as coal, coke, wood chips, garbage, etc., shovel loaders with a very large loading height are required. Such shovel loaders have, for example, a shovel pivot point of at least five meters above the level. In order to achieve this loading height, on the one hand there are very large shovel loaders with correspondingly articulated long booms with a corresponding dead weight and high engine output (for example 30 tons dead weight at 300 hp) for loading heavy goods. However, these shovel loaders are too large and too expensive to load light goods. On the other hand, there are so-called telescopic handlers with light-weight buckets, which are not very popular in practice, however, because they are relatively slow and very susceptible to wear. The telescopes used in telescopic forklifts run in sliding guides, which wear out when exposed to dust and dirt and have a fast sliding speed and lead to failures. Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to increase the loading height of a relatively small mobile shovel loader from large series production in such a way that it can be used without compromising the stability for loading high trucks with light bulk goods.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Schaufellader mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 vorgeschlagen. Demnach weist der Schaufellader einen Zusatzausleger auf, der in Art eines Parallellenkers mittels erster Lenker und zweiter Lenker an dem Auslegerarm verstellbar angelenkt ist und den Auslegerarm und das Werkzeug verbindet. Beim Nachobenverschwenken des Auslegerarms wird durch Betätigen des an den Auslegerarm angelenkten Zusatzauslegers eine Verlängerung des Gesamtauslegers erreicht. Erfindungsgemäß verfügt der Schaufellader des weiteren über Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers in Abhängigkeit von der Winkelstellung des Auslegerarms bezüglich der Auslegerschwenkachse. Durch diese Mittel wird gewährleistet, daß ein Ausklappen des Zusatzauslegers aus seiner am Auslegerarm eingeklappten Position erst ab einer vorgegebenen Winkelstellung des Auslegerarms erfolgt, wodurch eine die Standsicherheit des Schaufelladers beeinträchtigende Verlängerung des Auslegerarms ausgeschlossen ist. Durch die weiterhin erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Mittel zur Parallel- haltung der Ladeschaufel wird vermieden, daß beim Anheben der Ladeschaufel in der Ladeschaufel befindliches Ladegut herausfällt .To solve this problem, a shovel loader with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Accordingly, the shovel loader has an additional boom which is articulated in the manner of a parallel link by means of first links and second links on the extension arm and connects the extension arm and the tool. When the boom arm is swiveled upwards, an extension of the overall boom is achieved by actuating the additional boom which is articulated on the boom arm. According to the invention, the shovel loader also has means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom depending on the angular position of the boom arm with respect to the boom pivot axis. These means ensure that the additional boom is folded out of its folded-in position on the extension arm only from a predetermined angular position of the extension arm, so that an extension of the extension arm which impairs the stability of the shovel loader is excluded. The means according to the invention for keeping the loading shovel parallel also prevent the load located in the loading shovel from falling out when the loading shovel is raised.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erfolgt eine Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers aus einer am Auslegerarm eingeklappten Position frühestens nach Durchtritt des Auslegerarms durch seine Horizontallage bei Aufwärtsschwenkbewegung . Dadurch wird gewährleistet, daß eine Verlängerung des Gesamtausle- gers erst oberhalb der Horizontallage des Auslegerarms eintritt. Umgekehrt wird selbstverständlich auch sichergestellt, daß bei einer AbwärtsSchwenkbewegung des Auslegerarms der Zusatzausleger spätestens vor Durchtritt des Auslegerarms durch seine Horizontallage wieder vollständig eingeklappt ist.In an embodiment of the invention, the additional boom is adjusted from a position folded in on the boom arm at the earliest after the boom arm has passed through its horizontal position with an upward pivoting movement. This ensures that an extension of the overall only occurs above the horizontal position of the cantilever arm. Conversely, it is of course also ensured that when the cantilever arm is pivoted downward, the additional cantilever arm is completely folded in again at the latest before the cantilever arm passes through its horizontal position.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfassen die Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers mindestens einen Winkelsensor.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom include at least one angle sensor.
In anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfassen die Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers mindestens einen Wegsensor.In another embodiment of the invention, the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom include at least one displacement sensor.
In besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Zusatzausleger zum Ausfahren der Ladeschaufel in im wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung auch unterhalb der Horizontallage des Auslegerarms verstellbar, wobei der Auslegerarm zum Ausgleich der durch die Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers verursachten Kreisbahn der Ladeschaufel in eine sogenannte Schwimmstellung schaltbar ist. Durch diese Maßnahme kann beispielsweise in besonderen Lenksituationen, in denen der Schaufellader nicht näher an den Ort der Aufnahme bzw. Abgabe von zu bewegendem Gut fahrbar ist, der Zusatzausleger nach vorne verstellt werden. Bevor aus dieser Stellung der Auslegerarm angehoben werden kann, muß zur Einhaltung der Kippsicherheit der Zusatzausleger wieder vollständig eingefahren sein. Dazu ist vorteilhafterweise zur Freigabe der Hubbewegung durch den Auslegerarm ein elektrischer Winkel- oder Weggeber vorgesehen. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Länge der ersten Lenker und der zweiten Lenker im wesentlichen gleich.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the additional boom for extending the loading shovel can also be adjusted in a substantially horizontal direction below the horizontal position of the extension arm, the extension arm being switchable to a so-called floating position to compensate for the circular path of the loading shovel caused by the adjustment of the additional boom. This measure allows, for example, the special boom to be moved forward in special steering situations in which the shovel loader cannot be moved closer to the location of the pick-up or delivery of goods to be moved. Before the cantilever arm can be raised from this position, the additional cantilever must be fully retracted to ensure that it does not tip over. For this purpose, an electrical angle or displacement sensor is advantageously provided for releasing the lifting movement by the cantilever arm. In a further embodiment of the invention, the length of the first link and the second link is essentially the same.
In anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Länge der ersten Lenker kleiner oder größer als die Länge der zweiten Lenker. Durch diese ungleiche Ausgestaltung der Längen der ersten Lenker und zweiten Lenker kann die Endlage des Zusatzauslegers in vollständig ausgeklappter Position beeinflußt werden. Sind beispielsweise die ersten Lenker, d.h. die Fahrgestell fern am Auslegerarm angelenkten Lenker, kürzer als die Länge der zweiten Lenker, die näher zum Fahrgestell hin am Auslegerarm angelenkt sind, so weist der Zusatzausleger im Verhältnis zum vollständig angehobenen Auslegerarm eine relativ flache Positionierung auf.In another embodiment of the invention, the length of the first link is less than or greater than the length of the second link. This unequal configuration of the lengths of the first link and second link allows the end position of the additional boom to be influenced in the fully unfolded position. For example, are the first drivers, i.e. the chassis remote from the boom arm, shorter than the length of the second link, which is closer to the chassis on the boom arm, the additional boom has a relatively flat positioning in relation to the fully raised boom.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Further advantageous configurations are described in the subclaims.
Es versteht sich, daß die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the combination indicated in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben.The invention is illustrated in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment and is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
Figur 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Schaufellader in seitlicher Ansicht mit vollständig eingefahrenem und vollständig ausgefahrenem Ausleger. Figur 2 zeigt in vergrößerter Darstellung den Frontabschnitt des Schaufelladers der Figur 1 mit dem Ausleger in ungefähr horizontaler Lage.Figure 1 shows a shovel loader according to the invention in a side view with the boom fully retracted and fully extended. Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the front section of the shovel loader of Figure 1 with the boom in an approximately horizontal position.
Figur 3 zeigt im vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus der Figur 1 den Frontabschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Schaufelladers mit vollständig eingeklappten und vollständig ausgef hrenem Ausleger.FIG. 3 shows in an enlarged detail from FIG. 1 the front section of the shovel loader according to the invention with the boom fully folded in and fully extended.
Figuren 4a bis 4c zeigen in aufeinanderfolgender Abfolge die horizontale Verstellung des Auslegers des erfindungsgemäßen Schaufelladers der Figur 1, bei der die Ladeschaufel entlang des Bodens nach vorn verfahren wird.FIGS. 4a to 4c show the horizontal adjustment of the arm of the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a successive sequence, in which the loading shovel is moved forward along the floor.
Figur 5 zeigt den erfindungsgemäßen Schaufellader der Figur 1 mit einer Stapelgabel als die Ladeschaufel ersetzendes Arbeitswerkzeug in horizontaler Verstellung des Auslegers entlang einer erhöhten horizontalen Ebene.FIG. 5 shows the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 with a stacking fork as a working tool replacing the loading shovel in a horizontal adjustment of the boom along an elevated horizontal plane.
Figur 1 zeigt einen auf Reifen fahrbaren erfindungsgemäßen Schaufellader 1 mit Knicklenkung. Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung auch mit anderen konventionellen Schaufelladern mit Achsschenkellenkung, Raupenfahrwerk und dergleichen realisierbar. An einem den Frontabschnitt des Schaufelladers 1 bildenden Fahrzeugaufbau 2 (Ladergestell) ist ein Auslegerarm 3 um eine Auslegerschwenkachse 4 verschwenkbar angelenkt (vgl. auch Figur 3) . Ein zur Ver- schwenkung des Auslegerarms 3 dienender erster Hubzylinder 5 greift einenends an dem Ladergestell und anderenends etwa mittig an dem Auslegerarm 3 an. Die Bauteile Auslegerarm 3, Auslegerschwenkachse 4 und Hubzylinder 5 entsprechen weit- gehendst den Serienteilen eines handelsüblichen Schaufelladers .FIG. 1 shows a shovel loader 1 according to the invention with articulated steering that can be driven on tires. Of course, the invention can also be implemented with other conventional shovel loaders with steering knuckle steering, crawler tracks and the like. On a vehicle body 2 (loader frame) forming the front section of the shovel loader 1, a cantilever arm 3 is pivoted about a cantilever pivot axis 4 (cf. also FIG. 3). A first lifting cylinder 5, which serves to pivot the boom arm 3, engages at one end on the loader frame and at the other end approximately centrally on the boom arm 3. The components of the boom arm 3, boom pivot axis 4 and lifting cylinder 5 largely correspond to the standard parts of a standard shovel loader.
Erfindungsgemäß umfaßt der Schaufellader 1 einen Zusatzausleger 7, dessen Länge in dem dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel im wesentlichen etwas kürzer als die Länge des Auslegerarms 3 ist. Der Zusatzausleger 7 ist mittels eines ersten Lenkers 8 und eines zweiten Lenkers 9 an dem Auslegerarm in Art eines Parallellenkers derart angelenkt, daß er in seiner eingeklappten Position (vgl. auch Figur 2) direkt auf dem Auslegerarm 3 zu liegen kommt. Bei den Lenkern 8, 9 kann es sich jeweils um einzelne Lenker oder auch um insbesondere symmetrisch angeordnete Paare von Lenkern handeln. Der erste Lenker 8 ist dabei an einem der Auslegerschwenkachse 4 fernen Ende des Auslegerarms 3 um eine Drehachse 6 angelenkt, bei der es sich um die Schaufelkippachse des Serienauslegers 3 handelt , während der Lenker 9 etwa im Bereich der Mitte des Auslegerarms 3 angreift. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel fällt die Anlenkachse 18 des zweiten Lenker 9 an dem Auslegerarm 3 mit der Anlenkachse des ersten Hubzylinders 5 zusammen, was selbstverständlich bei anderen Ausführungsformen unterschiedlich ausgestaltet sein kann.According to the invention, the shovel loader 1 comprises an additional boom 7, the length of which in the exemplary embodiment shown and described is essentially somewhat shorter than the length of the boom arm 3. The additional boom 7 is articulated by means of a first link 8 and a second link 9 to the extension arm in the manner of a parallel link such that it comes to rest directly on the extension arm 3 in its folded position (see also FIG. 2). The links 8, 9 can each be individual links or, in particular, symmetrically arranged pairs of links. The first link 8 is articulated on an end of the boom arm 3 remote from the boom pivot axis 4 about an axis of rotation 6, which is the blade tilt axis of the series boom 3, while the link 9 engages approximately in the region of the center of the boom arm 3. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the articulation axis 18 of the second link 9 on the extension arm 3 coincides with the articulation axis of the first lifting cylinder 5, which can of course be configured differently in other embodiments.
Mit ihrem jeweils anderen Ende sind die Lenker 8, 9 an dem Zusatzausleger 7 angeordnet, und zwar im Bereich etwa der Mitte des Zusatzauslegers 7 (Lenker 8) und an einem zum Schaufellader 1 hin weisenden Ende 19 (Lenker 9) . Zur Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 aus seiner und in seine eingeklappte Position an dem Auslegerarm 3 ist ein zweiter Hubzylinder 15 vorgesehen, der einenends etwa mittig an dem Lenker 9 und anderenends am Auslegerarm 3 bzw. an der Auslegerschwenkachse 4 angelenkt ist. Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Anlenkungen des zweiten Hubzylinders 15 als auch der weiteren zur Betätigung des Gesamtauslegers und der Ladeschaufel notwendigen Stellzylinder möglich. Sowohl bei dem ersten als auch dem zweiten Hubzylinder kann es sich jeweils um paarweise Anordnungen von Hydraulikzylindern handeln, sofern die Größe bzw. die zu bewältigende Last des Laders dies erfordert .With their respective other ends, the links 8, 9 are arranged on the additional boom 7, specifically in the area approximately in the middle of the additional boom 7 (link 8) and at an end 19 pointing towards the shovel loader 1 (link 9). A second lifting cylinder 15 is provided for moving the additional boom 7 out of and into its folded position on the boom arm 3, which is articulated at one end approximately centrally on the link 9 and at the other end on the boom arm 3 or on the boom pivot axis 4. Of course, other articulations of the second lifting cylinder 15 are also also the other actuating cylinders necessary to operate the entire boom and the loading shovel are possible. Both the first and the second lifting cylinder can be paired arrangements of hydraulic cylinders, if the size or the load to be handled by the loader so requires.
An dem dem Ende 19 gegenüberliegenden Ende des Zusatzauslegers 7 ist eine Ladeschaufel 13 um eine SchaufelanlenkachseAt the end of the additional boom 7 opposite the end 19 there is a loading shovel 13 about a shovel articulation axis
10 verschwenkbar angelenkt. Die Betätigung der Ladeschaufel 13 erfolgt mittels eines Kippgestänges 11, 12, das einen (etwa mittig) an den Zusatzausleger 7 angelenkten Kipphebel10 pivoted. The loading shovel 13 is actuated by means of a tilting linkage 11, 12 which has a rocker arm articulated (approximately in the middle) on the additional boom 7
11 und eine den Kipphebel 12 mit der Ladeschaufel 13 verbindende Kippstange 11 umfaßt. Die Betätigung des Kippgestänges 11, 12 erfolgt dabei mittels eines Kippzylinders 14, der einenends an einem mittleren Abschnitt des Kipphebels 12 und anderenends an dem zum Schaufellader 1 weisenden Ende 19 des Zusatzauslegers 7 angreift. Ladeschaufel 13, Kippgestänge 11, 12 sowie Kippzylinder 14 können dem normalen Seriengerät entsprechen und vom abgebildeten Beispiel abweichen.11 and a rocker arm 11 connecting the rocker arm 12 to the loading shovel 13. The tilt linkage 11, 12 is actuated by means of a tilt cylinder 14, which engages on one end on a central section of the rocker arm 12 and on the other end on the end 19 of the additional boom 7 facing the shovel loader 1. Loading shovel 13, tipping rods 11, 12 and tipping cylinder 14 can correspond to the normal series device and differ from the example shown.
An der Auslegerschwenkachse 4 sowie an der Schaufelanlen- kachse 10 ist jeweils ein Winkelsensor 16 bzw. 17 angeordnet. Die WinkelSensoren 16, 17 dienen zur Feststellung des relativen Winkels zwischen Auslegerarm 3 und Fahrzeugaufbau 2 bzw. der Stellung der Ladeschaufel 13 zu dem Zusatzausleger 7. Anhand der mittels der Winkelsensoren 16, 17 festgestellten Winkel- bzw. Positionswerte erfolgt eine elektronische Ansteuerung der Hydraulikzylinder 14, 15. Der Winkelsensor 16 ist Bestandteil von Mitteln zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7, wie sie nachfolgend beschrieben wird. Anstelle der beschriebenen Winkelsensoren können selbstverständlich auch andere geeignete Sensoren verwendet werden, beispielsweise Wegsensoren, die vorzugsweise am Auslegerarm 3 oder an dem ersten Hubzylinder 5 angeordnet sind.An angle sensor 16 or 17 is respectively arranged on the boom pivot axis 4 and on the bucket pivot axis 10. The angle sensors 16, 17 are used to determine the relative angle between the boom arm 3 and the vehicle body 2 or the position of the loading shovel 13 with respect to the additional boom 7. The hydraulic cylinders 14 are controlled electronically on the basis of the angle or position values determined by the angle sensors 16, 17 , 15. The angle sensor 16 is part of means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom 7, as will be described below. Instead of the angle sensors described, other suitable sensors can of course also be used are used, for example displacement sensors, which are preferably arranged on the extension arm 3 or on the first lifting cylinder 5.
Im Betrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Schaufelladers 1 erfolgt nach Füllen und Einkippen der Ladeschaufel 13 ein Anheben der Ladeschaufel 13 durch Verschwenken des Auslegerarms 3 um die Auslegerschwenkachse 4 mittels des ersten Hubzylinders 5. Bei dieser Aufwartsschwenkbewegung beschreibt die Drehachse 6 (Schaufeldrehpunkt des Seriengeräts) eine Kreisbahn Kl (bis zur höchsten Lage A) und die Schaufelan- lenkachse 10 beschreibt eine Kreisbahn K2 , die durch eine Horizontallage D führt. In der Lage D liegt die Schaufelan- lenkachse 10 auf gleicher Höhe mit der AuslegerSchwenkachse 4 und die maximale Ausladung entsprechend der minimalen Kipplast ist erreicht.In operation of the shovel loader 1 according to the invention, after the loading shovel 13 has been filled and tipped in, the loading shovel 13 is lifted by pivoting the boom arm 3 about the boom pivot axis 4 by means of the first lifting cylinder 5. In this upward pivoting movement, the axis of rotation 6 (bucket pivot point of the series device) describes a circular path Kl ( up to the highest position A) and the blade articulation axis 10 describes a circular path K2 which leads through a horizontal position D. In position D, the bucket pivot axis 10 is at the same height as the boom pivot axis 4 and the maximum radius corresponding to the minimum tipping load has been reached.
Während der Aufwartsschwenkbewegung des Auslegerarms 3 bleibt der Zusatzausleger 7 zunächst unbetatigt in seiner eingeklappten Position an dem Auslegerarm 3, während mittels des Kippzylinders 14 bereits eine durch den Winkelsensor 17 und damit verbundenen Steuermitteln, die nicht näher dargestellt sind, gesteuerte Betätigung der Ladeschaufel 13 derart erfolgt, daß die Ladeschaufel 13 mit ihrer Öffnung stets nach oben weist (Parallelhaltefunktion - vgl. Figur 2, in der der Gesamtausleger in der in Figur 3 mit D bezeichneten Lage dargestellt ist) .During the upward pivoting movement of the boom arm 3, the additional boom 7 initially remains unpowered in its retracted position on the boom arm 3, while the tilting cylinder 14 already actuates the loading shovel 13 in a controlled manner by the angle sensor 17 and associated control means, which are not shown in detail that the loading bucket 13 always points upwards with its opening (parallel holding function - cf. FIG. 2, in which the overall boom is shown in the position indicated by D in FIG. 3).
Nach dem Durchtritt durch die Lage D, d.h. nach dem Erreichen der maximalen Ausladung, beginnt ab einer vorbestimmten Winkellage des Auslegerarms 3 eine Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 mittels des zweiten Hubzylinders 15, der über mit dem Winkelsensor 16 verbundene elektronische Steuermittel angesteuert wird. In dem in der Figur dargestell- ten Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt die Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 ab einer Lage Bl der Drehachse 6 des Auslegerarms 3, die zirka 10° oberhalb der Horizontalen liegt. Natürlich kann eine Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 auch in anderen Lagen beginnen, die vorzugsweise jedoch alle oberhalb der maximalen Ausladung liegen, um auch bei Ladearbeiten auf leicht abfallendem Gelände ein Überschreiten der maximalen Ausladung zu vermeiden bzw. die Kippsicherheit zu gewährleisten.After passing through position D, that is to say after reaching the maximum radius, starting from a predetermined angular position of the cantilever arm 3, an adjustment of the additional cantilever 7 begins by means of the second lifting cylinder 15, which is controlled by electronic control means connected to the angle sensor 16. In the shown in the figure The embodiment of the additional boom 7 is adjusted from a position Bl of the axis of rotation 6 of the boom 3, which is approximately 10 ° above the horizontal. Of course, an adjustment of the additional boom 7 can also begin in other positions, which, however, are preferably all above the maximum radius, in order to prevent the maximum radius from being exceeded even during loading work on slightly sloping terrain, or to ensure that it cannot tip over.
Der Lage Bl der Drehachse 6 entspricht eine Lage B2 der Schaufelanlenkachse 10, die den Endpunkt der bisherigen Kreisbahn K2 der Schaufelanlenkachse 10 darstellt, da nun durch eine Betätigung und das damit verbundene Ausklappen des Zusatzauslegers 7 die Schaufelanlenkachse 10 am Ende des Zusatzauslegers 7 stärker aufwärts bewegt wird als auf der Kreisbahn K2. Der Parallelhaltefunktion durch hydraulisch elektronische Abgleichung der Winkelstellung zwischen Ladeschaufel und Zusatzausleger 7 ist somit eine Ausklappbewegung des Zusatzauslegers 7 überlagert, so daß nach Erreichen der Lage A durch die Drehachse 6 des Auslegerarms 3 die Schaufelanlenkachse 10 des Zusatzauslegers 7 die Hδchstlage C erreicht hat.The position B1 of the axis of rotation 6 corresponds to a position B2 of the bucket linkage axis 10, which represents the end point of the previous circular path K2 of the bucket linkage axis 10, since the bucket linkage axis 10 at the end of the additional boom 7 now moves more upward by actuation and the associated folding out of the additional boom 7 is considered on the circular path K2. The parallel holding function by hydraulically electronic adjustment of the angular position between the loading shovel and the additional boom 7 is thus superimposed on a folding-out movement of the additional boom 7, so that after reaching position A through the axis of rotation 6 of the extension arm 3, the bucket linkage axis 10 of the additional boom 7 has reached the highest position C.
Wie bereits vorstehend erwähnt, erfolgt umgekehrt bei der Abwärtsbewegung des Auslegers 3 eine Steuerung des Einklappvorgangs des Zusatzauslegers 7 derart, daß spätestens mit Erreichen der Lage Bl der Zusatzausleger 7 wieder vollständig eingeklappt ist. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme ist sichergestellt, daß die in der Lage D erreichte maximale Ausladung nie überschritten wird.As already mentioned above, conversely, when the boom 3 moves downward, the folding of the additional boom 7 is controlled in such a way that the additional boom 7 is completely folded again at the latest when the position B1 is reached. This measure according to the invention ensures that the maximum throat reached in position D is never exceeded.
Die horizontale Verstellung der Ladeschaufel unterhalb der Horizontallage des Auslegerarms 3 ist in den Figuren 4a bis 4c veranschaulicht. Figur 4a zeigt den erfindungsgemäße Schaufellader der Figur 1 in Grundstellung mit abgesenktem Ausleger und ausgekippter Ladeschaufel 13. Zur Aufnahme von Ladegut L in die Ladeschaufel 13 wird üblicherweise der Schaufellader in die Richtung des Ladeguts L verfahren, bis sich eine ausreichende Menge von Ladegut in der Ladeschaufel 13 befindet. Sollte dies beispielsweise aufgrund ungeeigneter Beschaffenheit des Untergrundes nicht möglich sein, so kann nun erfindungsgemäß der Ausleger durch Betätigen des Zusatzauslegers 7 nach vorn verfahren werden, wie dies in den Figuren 4b und 4c dargestellt ist. Dazu wird der zweite Hubzylinder 15 betätigt und die Lenker 8, 9 verstellt. Gleichzeitig wird der Auslegerarm 3 auf eine sogenannte Schwimmstellung geschaltet, in der er mittels des ersten Hubzylinders 5 derart betätigt wird, daß ein Ausgleich der durch die Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 verursachten Kreisbahn der Ladeschaufel 13 stattfindet, so daß sich die Ladeschaufel 13 entlang einer im wesentlichen horizontalen Ebene, vorgegeben durch den Boden, bewegt.The horizontal adjustment of the loading shovel below the horizontal position of the extension arm 3 is shown in FIGS 4c illustrates. FIG. 4 a shows the shovel loader according to the invention from FIG. 1 in the basic position with the boom lowered and the loading shovel 13 tilted out 13 is located. If, for example, this is not possible due to the unsuitable nature of the subsoil, the boom can now be moved forward according to the invention by actuating the additional boom 7, as shown in FIGS. 4b and 4c. For this purpose, the second lifting cylinder 15 is actuated and the links 8, 9 are adjusted. At the same time, the cantilever arm 3 is switched to a so-called floating position, in which it is actuated by means of the first lifting cylinder 5 in such a way that the circular path of the loading shovel 13 caused by the adjustment of the additional boom 7 takes place, so that the loading shovel 13 essentially runs along a path horizontal plane, given by the ground.
Ist die Ladeschaufel 13 derart weit nach vorn bewegt, daß sie ausreichend mit Ladegut L befüllt ist (Figur 4c) , wird die gefüllte Ladeschaufel eingekippt. Bevor der Auslegerarm 3 durch Betätigen des ersten Hubzylinders 5 angehoben werden kann, muß der Zusatzausleger 7 wieder vollständig eingefahren sein. Diese Stellung entspricht der in Figur 4a dargestellten Stellung, mit dem Unterschied, daß die Ladeschaufel 13 nach oben eingekippt ist . Erst dann kann mit der Anhebung des Auslegerarms 3, wie vorstehend in Zusammenhang mit den Figuren 1 bis 3 erläutert, fortgefahren werden. Vorzugsweise ist an dem Lenker 9 oder an dem zweiten Hubzylinder 15 ein elektrischer Winkel- oder Weggeber vorgesehen, der die Stellung des Zusatzauslegers 7 registriert und erst bei vollständig eingefahrenem Zusatzausle- ger 7 die Hubbewegung für den Auslegerarm 3 freigibt . Dadurch ist eine ausreichende Kippsicherheit gewährleistet.If the loading shovel 13 is moved so far forward that it is sufficiently filled with the load L (FIG. 4c), the filled loading shovel is tipped over. Before the boom 3 can be raised by actuating the first lifting cylinder 5, the additional boom 7 must be completely retracted. This position corresponds to the position shown in Figure 4a, with the difference that the loading shovel 13 is tilted upwards. Only then can the cantilever arm 3 be raised, as explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. An electric angle or displacement sensor is preferably provided on the handlebar 9 or on the second lifting cylinder 15, which registers the position of the additional boom 7 and only when the additional extension is completely retracted. ger 7 releases the lifting movement for the cantilever arm 3. This ensures adequate tipping safety.
In Figur 5 ist eine entsprechende Anwendung der horizontalen Verstellung entlang einer beabstandet zum Boden befindlichen horizontalen Ebene am Beispiel eines Staplereinsatzes veranschaulicht. Hierzu ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schaufellader der Figuren 1 bis 4 die Ladeschaufel 13 durch eine Stapelgabel 13' als Arbeitswerkzeug ersetzt. Auch in dieser angehobenen Stellung kann die vorstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 4a bis 4c erläuterte Horizontalbewegung des erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzauslegers 7 ausgenutzt werden, wie durch die strichpunktierte Darstellung veranschaulicht, ohne daß der Schaufellader vorwärts oder rückwärts verfahren werden muß.A corresponding application of the horizontal adjustment along a horizontal plane spaced from the floor is illustrated in FIG. 5 using the example of a stacker insert. For this purpose, in the shovel loader according to the invention from FIGS. 1 to 4, the loading shovel 13 is replaced by a stacking fork 13 'as a working tool. Even in this raised position, the horizontal movement of the additional boom 7 according to the invention explained above with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c can be used, as illustrated by the dash-dotted line, without the shovel loader having to be moved forwards or backwards.
Der besondere Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin begründet, daß der erfindungsgemäße Schaufellader mit relativ einfachen Mitteln durch Tausch des Auslegerarmes aus einem Serienschaufellader erhalten werden kann, ohne daß die Standsicherheit durch einen überlangen Auslegerarm wesentlich verändert wird und wobei sämtliche Arbeitswerkzeuge des Seriengerätes weiter verwendet werden können. Somit kann erfindungsgemäß ein kleiner Serienschaufellader für die Hochladearbeit verwendet werden, wobei das Mehrgewicht des Zusatzauslegers durch ein zusätzliches Gegengewicht (Bezugszeichen 20 in Figur 1) ausgeglichen wird.The particular advantage of the invention is based on the fact that the shovel loader according to the invention can be obtained with relatively simple means by exchanging the cantilever arm from a series shovel loader without the stability being significantly changed by an overly long cantilever arm and all the working tools of the series device can be used further. Thus, according to the invention, a small series shovel loader can be used for the upload work, the additional weight of the additional boom being compensated for by an additional counterweight (reference number 20 in FIG. 1).
Die Kreisbahnen Kl und K2 können im günstigten Fall zusammenfallen. Wenn sie jedoch wie im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel voneinander beabstandet verlaufen, so muß auch diese Schwerpunktverlagerung durch das Zusastzgegenge- wicht 20 ausgeglichen werden. Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das in den Figuren dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern umfaßt auch noch weitere bauliche Abwandlungen. Insbesondere müssen die Lenkerpaare 8 und 9 nicht, wie in der dargestellten Ausfuhrungsform, im wesentlichen gleich lang sein, sondern können auch unterschiedlich lang ausgeführt sein. Außerdem können auch die Anzahl der Lenker und deren Anlenkpunkte frei gewählt werden, ohne daß der Rahmen der Erfindung verlassen wird. Des weiteren können der Auslegerarm 3 und/oder der Zusatzrahmen 7 beliebig ausgestattet sein, beispielsweise als sogenannter Mono-Boom-Ausleger, als Hohlkörper-Kastenkonstruktion oder als - wie beispielhaft gezeigt - aus zwei Seitenteilen gebildeter Rahmen. The circular paths Kl and K2 can coincide in the most favorable case. If, however, as in the exemplary embodiment shown, they are spaced apart from one another, this shift in the center of gravity must also be compensated by the additional counterweight 20. Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, but also includes further structural modifications. In particular, the handlebar pairs 8 and 9 do not have to be of essentially the same length, as in the illustrated embodiment, but can also be of different lengths. In addition, the number of handlebars and their articulation points can be freely selected without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the cantilever arm 3 and / or the additional frame 7 can be equipped as desired, for example as a so-called mono-boom cantilever, as a hollow body box construction or as a frame formed from two side parts, as shown by way of example.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Fahrbarer Schaufellader, mit einem um eine Auslegerschwenkachse (4) verschwenkbaren Auslegerarm (3) und einer mittels eines Kippgestänges (11, 12) betätigbaren Ladeschaufel (13) , gekennzeichnet durch mindestens einen den Auslegerarm (3) und die Ladeschaufel (13) verbindenden Zusatzausleger (7) , der in Art eines Parallellenkers mittels mindestens eines ersten Lenkers (8) und eines zweiten Lenkers (9) an dem Auslegerarm (3) verstellbar angelenkt ist, wobei Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers (7) in Abhängigkeit von der Winkelstellung des Auslegerarms (3) bezüglich der Auslegerschwenkachse (4) sowie Mittel zur Parallelhaltung der Ladeschaufel (13) vorgesehen sind.1. Mobile shovel loader, with a boom arm (3) pivotable about a boom pivot axis (4) and a loading shovel (13) which can be actuated by means of a tilting linkage (11, 12), characterized by at least one connecting the boom arm (3) and the loading bucket (13) Additional boom (7) which is articulated in the manner of a parallel link by means of at least a first link (8) and a second link (9) on the extension arm (3), means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom (7) depending on the Angular position of the boom arm (3) with respect to the boom pivot axis (4) and means for keeping the loading shovel (13) parallel are provided.
2. Schaufellader nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers (7) aus einer am Auslegerarm (3) eingeklappten Position frühestens nach Durchtritt des Auslegerarms (3) durch seine Horizontallage bei Aufwartsschwenkbewegung erfolgt.2. A shovel loader according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjustment of the additional boom (7) from a position on the boom arm (3) folded at the earliest after passage of the boom arm (3) through its horizontal position during upward pivoting movement.
3. Schaufellader nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers mindestens einen Winkelsensor (16) umfassen.3. shovel loader according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom comprise at least one angle sensor (16).
4. Schaufellader nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Steuerung der Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers mindestens einen Wegsensor umfassen. 4. A shovel loader according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means for controlling the adjustment of the additional boom include at least one displacement sensor.
5. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zusatzausleger (7) zum Ausfahren der Ladeschaufel (13) in im wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung auch unterhalb der Horizontallage des Auslegerarms (3) verstellbar ist, wobei der Auslegerarm (3) zum Ausgleich der durch die Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers (7) verursachten Kreisbahn der Ladeschaufel (13) in eine sogenannte Schwimmstellung schaltbar ist.5. shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the additional boom (7) for extending the loading shovel (13) is adjustable in a substantially horizontal direction below the horizontal position of the boom arm (3), the boom arm (3) to compensate for the circular path of the loading shovel (13) caused by the adjustment of the additional boom (7), it can be switched into a so-called floating position.
6. Schaufellader nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Freigabe der Hubbewegung durch den Auslegerarm (3) ein elektrischer Winkel- oder Weggeber vorgesehen ist.6. A shovel loader according to claim 5, characterized in that an electrical angle or displacement sensor is provided for releasing the lifting movement by the cantilever arm (3).
7. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge des mindestens einen ersten Lenkers (8) und des mindestens einen zweiten Lenkers (9) im wesentlichen gleich ist.7. shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length of the at least one first link (8) and the at least one second link (9) is substantially the same.
8. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge des mindestens einen ersten Lenkers (8) kleiner oder größer ist als die Länge des mindestens einen zweiten Lenkers (9) .8. shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length of the at least one first link (8) is smaller or greater than the length of the at least one second link (9).
9. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslegerarm (3) und/oder der Zusatzausleger (7) als Hohlkasten oder als Hubrahmen mit zwei Seitenteilen und Querverbindungen ausgestaltet sind.9. shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cantilever arm (3) and / or the additional boom (7) are designed as a hollow box or as a lifting frame with two side parts and cross connections.
10. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Verschwenkung des Auslegerarms (3) ein einenends an einem Fahrzeugaufbau (2) des Schaufelladers (1) und anderenends an dem Auslegerarm (3) angreifender erster Hydraulikzylinder (5) vorgesehen ist. 10. shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that for pivoting the cantilever arm (3) on one end of a vehicle body (2) of the shovel loader (1) and the other end on the cantilever arm (3) engaging first hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided is.
11. Schaufellader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Verstellung des Zusatzauslegers (7) ein einenends am Auslegerarm (3) und anderenends an einem der Lenker (8, 9) angreifender zweiter Hydraulikzylinder (15) vorgesehen ist.11. A shovel loader according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that one end of the extension arm (3) and the other end to one of the links (8, 9) engaging second hydraulic cylinder (15) is provided for adjusting the additional boom (7).
12. Schaufellader nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Hydraulikzylinder (15) einenends an der Auslegerschwenkachse (4) angreift. 12. A shovel loader according to claim 11, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder (15) engages at one end on the boom pivot axis (4).
EP99950603A 1998-11-20 1999-10-02 Wheeled shovel loader Expired - Lifetime EP1131499B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853523 1998-11-20
DE19853523A DE19853523C1 (en) 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 Shovel loader vehicle e.g. for loading high-sided truck, has intermediate arm between load shovel and pivoted arm adjusted in dependence on position of latter for holding load shovel in parallel position
PCT/EP1999/007319 WO2000031351A1 (en) 1998-11-20 1999-10-02 Wheeled shovel loader

Publications (2)

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EP1131499A1 true EP1131499A1 (en) 2001-09-12
EP1131499B1 EP1131499B1 (en) 2003-05-07

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EP99950603A Expired - Lifetime EP1131499B1 (en) 1998-11-20 1999-10-02 Wheeled shovel loader

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US (1) US6755604B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1131499B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19853523C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000031351A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19853523C1 (en) 2000-03-09
DE59905503D1 (en) 2003-06-12
EP1131499B1 (en) 2003-05-07
US6755604B1 (en) 2004-06-29
WO2000031351A1 (en) 2000-06-02

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