EP1124629A1 - Dispositif pour appareil a lit fluidise - Google Patents

Dispositif pour appareil a lit fluidise

Info

Publication number
EP1124629A1
EP1124629A1 EP99955860A EP99955860A EP1124629A1 EP 1124629 A1 EP1124629 A1 EP 1124629A1 EP 99955860 A EP99955860 A EP 99955860A EP 99955860 A EP99955860 A EP 99955860A EP 1124629 A1 EP1124629 A1 EP 1124629A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
air
vertical axis
round
air outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP99955860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilfried Rähse
Georg Assmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP1124629A1 publication Critical patent/EP1124629A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device which leads to a homogeneous temperature distribution in a round fluidized bed apparatus with increasing external flow, and a method for producing spherical, soluble granules in a fluidized bed apparatus modified in this way.
  • German laid-open specification DE-A-36 09 133 describes a fluidized bed apparatus which is used for pelletizing and compacting particles and for this purpose contains a rotating disk.
  • the particle flow rises, starting from a nozzle attached at the bottom, in the middle, upwards through a riser pipe and is deflected outwards by the rotating disc, where the particles fall down and are returned to the ascending vortex flow.
  • This process leads to a compression and pelleting of the particles, the particles being additionally rounded on the rotor disk.
  • the fluidized bed apparatus according to the published patent application DE-A-28 05 397 has a horizontal rotor disk in the lower region of the fluidized bed. This rotor disk is adjustable in height in the tapered fluidized bed chamber. This allows the gap between the rotor disk and the outer wall to be varied and the flow rate to be adapted to the granules. Basically, the rotor disc causes the upward flow to take place in the outer region of the fluidized bed.
  • a problem in such fluidized bed apparatuses in particular in those in which nozzles are used in the central area for spraying liquids, therefore still represents the temperature distribution. Because of a heterogeneous temperature distribution, drying takes place at different speeds in different regions of the apparatus. Since the stickiness of the germs is retained longer in some zones, larger grains form here than in the zones in which the drying takes place quickly. This effect leads to an undesirably wide grain spectrum.
  • a first object of the invention is accordingly a device for round fluidized bed apparatus for generating an air rotation around the vertical axis of the apparatus, which is characterized in that an air supply is attached above the horizontally extending vertebral floor, which has at least two injection channels, which are evenly spaced from each other and at the same height above the vortex floor at an angle of attack of at least 30 ° and maximum 90 °.
  • the apparatus is a device for a round fluidized bed chamber, the apparatus being able to be cylindrical, i.e. can have a constant diameter in height.
  • Such fluidized bed apparatuses which have a rectangular fluidized bed are not suitable for the purposes of the invention, since the apparatus according to the invention does not lead to the desired effect of a uniform temperature distribution in these apparatuses.
  • the vortex flow can be achieved in that injection channels are arranged above the vortex floor at a uniform distance from one another and at the same height above the vortex floor.
  • the height at which the injection channels are attached is dependent on the resting height of the layer mass.
  • the injection channels are below the Upper limit of the resting height of the layer mass is applied, preferably in a maximum of 50% of the resting height and very particularly preferably in 10 to 30% of the resting height of the layer mass.
  • the additional air supply takes place via at least 2 such injection channels, preferably via 3 and in particular 4 injection channels. Regardless of the number, the channels are all installed at the same height and at an equal distance from each other.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ of these injection ducts is also essential for the swirl effect generated by the supply air.
  • angles of incidence of at least 30 ° and a maximum of 90 ° are preferred, since at angles of incidence ⁇ ⁇ 30 ° primarily turbulence is generated, but no annular vortex flow is formed.
  • Angle of attack of 30 to 75 ° are particularly preferred, the best flow conditions being achieved at 45 to 70 ° and very particularly at 60 °. At angles of attack above 75 °, a strong edge flow is generated, which leads to sticky particles sticking to the wall via the centrifugal effect.
  • the air in the blowing channels is preferably conveyed at 20 to 30 m / s and can optionally be used for the pneumatic transport of solids or germ material into the fluidized bed.
  • the proportion of this additional air supply in the total drying air is between 3 and 30%, preferably between 5 and 15%, the air supplied via the blowing channels in a preferred embodiment having the same temperature as the air supplied via the fluidized bed. If the injection ducts are used for the pneumatic conveying of solids, it may also be preferred that cold air is supplied here.
  • Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates with dimensions of at least 0.4 m.
  • fluidized bed apparatuses are preferred which have a base plate with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1, 2 m or 2.5 m.
  • fluidized bed apparatuses are also suitable which have a base plate with a diameter greater than 5 m.
  • a perforated base plate or a Conidur plate (commercial product from Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany), a wire mesh or a combination base made of a perforated base plate with a grid, as described in the earlier German patent application with file number 197 50 424.8.
  • a Conidur floor can support the swirl effect of the additional air supply.
  • the vortex floor has a vertical component in addition to the horizontal one, which provides an additional free air outlet surface.
  • the vertical component of the fluidized bed is preferably designed such that the additional air outlet area is 5 to 30% of the air outlet area of the horizontal fluidized bed.
  • Such an additional vertical component of the base plate creates a stronger flow on the outer wall of the fluidized bed, which can prevent caking and, in addition, in combination with the vortex flow generated by the injection nozzles, leads to a spiral flow which transports the granules away from the outer wall , so that the descending flow of the granules takes place predominantly in the central region of the fluidized bed, where in a preferred embodiment the discharge from the fluidized bed is also appropriate.
  • This spiral flow leads to an optimal utilization of the fluidized bed; Drying takes place in the entire area of the fluidized bed, and in particular when using several spray nozzles, the exchange between the spray zones and the other areas of the fluidized bed can be improved by this vortex flow, so that even drying with the result of a narrow particle size range is achieved via the homogeneous temperature distribution becomes.
  • the spiral flow thus accelerates the granulation and drying process and can thus lead to higher material throughput or energy savings in fluidized bed drying.
  • a perforated plate can be used as the vertical component of the base plate. But depending on the desired air outlet area, a Conidur plate (commercial product from Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany), a wire mesh or a combination floor made of a perforated plate with a grid, as described in the older German patent application with file number 197 50 424.8, can also be used.
  • the texture of the vertical Floor component can be selected independently of the horizontal floor slab, but it can be advantageous if the entire floor slab has the same nature.
  • a second object of the invention is accordingly a process for the production of spherical granules by simultaneous granulation and drying of the starting material, characterized in that it takes place in a round fluidized bed, the vertical flow in the outer region of the fluidized bed apparatus having a higher speed than in the central region of the Apparatus and an air supply above the vortex floor generates a vortex flow about the vertical axis of the apparatus.
  • the amplified external flow can be generated via the vertical component of the base plate described above, and the vortex flow can be generated by injection nozzles, as also described above.
  • Such substances can preferably be detergent ingredients.
  • polymers that can be used in detergents tend to stick during drying, and can preferably be processed by the process presented here.
  • the polymers are used in the form of aqueous solutions, preferably with a polymer content of 30 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 45% by weight.
  • polymeric polycarboxylates are homo- or copolymers of acrylic, methacrylic or maleic acid, and also copolymers of these acids with vinyl ethers, such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, acrylamide, methacrylamide and ethylene, propylene or styrene , as well as the water-soluble salts of these polymers.
  • vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl ethyl ether
  • vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate
  • acrylamide, methacrylamide and ethylene, propylene or styrene as well as the water-soluble salts of these polymers.
  • the sodium salts of such homo- or copolymeric polycarboxylic acids are particularly preferred.
  • one of the components of a copolymer has no acid function, its proportion in the polymer in the interest of good water solubility is not more than 50 mol%, preferably less than 30 mol%.
  • Homo- and copolymers of acrylic, methacrylic and maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable; copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid are very particularly suitable.
  • polycarboxylate polymers with a molecular weight between 500 and 150,000 g / mol, particularly preferably between 500 and 100,000 g / mol.
  • the polymers used are polyvinylpyrrolidones with a molecular weight between 1000 and 200,000 g / mol, preferably between 1000 and 100,000 g / mol.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidones
  • these can be both homopolymers and copolymers in which at least one of the monomers is a vinylpyrrolidone and the vinylpyrrolidone content in the copolymer is at least 50 mol%.
  • Suitable further comonomers are, for example, acrylonitrile or maleic anhydride.
  • the resulting granules are suitable as additives in detergents and / or cleaning agents, are spherical and contain 50 to 95% by weight of polymer and generally at least one admixture component.
  • the granules are produced by the process according to the invention in a batch or continuous fluidized bed. It is particularly preferred to carry out the process continuously in the fluidized bed.
  • the solution, the substances to be granulated is introduced into the fluidized bed via a single or reusable nozzle or via several nozzles.
  • the carrier component, as well as any other solids present, are either dusted pneumatically via blowing lines, the addition either taking place before the atomization of the solution or simultaneously with it, or added as a solution or suspension in a mixture with the substance solution, the mixture of these liquid components either before spraying or directly in the nozzle.
  • Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates with dimensions of at least 0.4 m.
  • fluidized bed apparatuses are preferred which have a base plate with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1, 2 m or 2.5 m.
  • fluidized bed apparatuses are also suitable which have a base plate with a diameter greater than 5 m. Bottom plates are used, as described above.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at fluidized air speeds between 1 and 8 m / s and in particular between 1.5 and 5.5 m / s.
  • the granules are discharged from the fluidized bed advantageously by means of a size classification of the granules.
  • This classification can take place, for example, with a screening device or by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air), which is regulated in such a way that only particles above a certain one Particle size is removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
  • the inflowing air is composed of the heated or unheated classifier air and the heated soil air.
  • the soil air temperature is preferably between 80 and 400 ° C, in particular between 90 and 350 ° C.
  • the fluidized air cools down due to heat losses and the heat of vaporization of the constituents of the solvent.
  • the temperature of the vortex air is about 5 cm above the base plate 60 to 120 ° C, preferably 70 to 100 ° C.
  • the air outlet temperature is preferably between 60 and 120 ° C, in particular below 100 ° C.
  • the carrier is mixed with the solution prior to atomization and the solution or the slurry is blown into the fluidized bed through a nozzle.
  • drying takes place simultaneously with the granulation in the fluidized bed.
  • the drying means that the active substance content of the granules, based on their total weight, is higher than the active substance content of the solution used.
  • granules are obtained whose water content is at least 1% by weight.
  • a powdering agent preferably zeolite, particularly preferably zeolite A or P
  • zeolite A or P can be introduced continuously into the fluidized bed in order to maintain the vortex granulation process.
  • These powdering agents additionally reduce the stickiness of the moist granules during the granulation and thus promote the swirling and drying to the desired product.
  • the particle size of the powdering agent is less than 100 ⁇ m and the granules thus obtained then contain between 1 and 4% by weight of the powdering agent. This variant can be advantageous for the production of granules by the process according to the invention, but it is not absolutely necessary for carrying out the invention.
  • the granules according to the invention preferably further contain an admixture component.
  • substances are used as admixing components that are are suitable as a carrier material.
  • the carrier materials used can be inorganic and / or organic in nature, with inorganic carrier materials being preferred.
  • Such an inorganic carrier is finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite, preferably zeolite A, X, Y and / or P. However, mixtures of A, X, Y and / or P are also suitable.
  • Zeolite P is, for example, Zeolite MAP® (Commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred. Of particular interest is also a cocrystallized sodium / kaiium aluminum silicate ⁇ us zeolite A and zeolite X, which is commercially available as VEGOBOND AX ® (hand ice cream product from Condea Augusta SpA).
  • the zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or as an undried stabilized suspension that is still moist from its manufacture.
  • the zeolite may contain minor additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C 2 -C 18 fatty alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups , C 12 -C 14 fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols.
  • Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 10 to 22% by weight, in particular 15 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
  • Suitable carriers are, for example, amorphous alkali silicates (so-called water glasses) or crystalline layered silicates, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate and trisodium citrate. Possible carriers are also mixtures of the above. Carrier substances. Preferred carrier substances are inorganic carriers, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate or zeolites.
  • the granules based on the finished granules, have a carrier material content below 50% by weight. Since highly concentrated granules according to the invention are preferably produced, carrier material contents of below 40% by weight, in particular below 25% by weight, are particularly preferred.
  • Spherical in the sense of the invention are those granules which, when the product is viewed only, show a surface without significant elevation and, when viewed in all spatial directions, have the same dimensions. This is confirmed by microscopic examination of the granules according to the invention Impression.
  • the three mutually perpendicular diameters of the granulate particles differ from one another by less than 30% of the extent of the largest diameter; spherical granules in which the deviation of the three mutually perpendicular diameters is less than 20% are particularly preferred.
  • the spherical shape of the granules is particularly evident in their trickle behavior.
  • the granules prove to be particularly free-flowing in conventional tests for examining the flow behavior, in particular their flowability is higher than that of granules with the same composition, which were produced by other processes.
  • Such granules are suitable for incorporation into detergents or cleaning agents.
  • the detergents and cleaning agents which can be in the form of granules, powdered or tablet-shaped solids or other shaped bodies, can, in addition to the compounds mentioned, in principle contain all known ingredients which are customary in such agents.
  • Preferred agents for the purposes of the invention are granular agents, in particular those which are formed by mixing different granules of washing and / or cleaning agent components.
  • Anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactants can be mentioned as further ingredients of the washing and cleaning agents.
  • washing and cleaning agents contain other typical ingredients of such agents, as are known from the prior art.
  • these include builder substances, which can be inorganic and organic in nature, as well as bleaching agents and optionally enzymes and other typical components. Examples
  • Figures 1 (top view) and 2 (side view) show a fluidized bed apparatus modified in accordance with the present invention. It is a modified fluid bed dryer AGT 1800 (from Glatt) with a bottom diameter of 1.8 m.
  • the fluidized bed shown in the two figures has a cylindrical fluidized bed space 1, from which a conical widening leads to a calming space 8 into which the exhaust air duct 9 opens.
  • the air supply takes place primarily via the supply air duct 6, which opens into the supply air distribution space 5, from which the supply air reaches the fluidized bed 1 via the fluidized bed 7.
  • the usual resting height of the layer mass is 0.8 m, and the blowing channels 3 are at 30% of this height.
  • the fluidized bed 7 is modified so that it has a vertical component that provides an additional free air outlet surface 10.
  • a Conidur plate was used both for the fluidized bed 7 and for the additional inflow surface 10. The discharge from the fluidized bed to be operated continuously takes place via the classifier tube 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour produire une rotation d'air autour de l'axe vertical d'un appareil à lit fluidisé. Ce dispositif comporte une amenée d'air au-dessus du fond à tourbillon horizontal, qui est pourvue de deux canaux d'insufflation, ou plus, qui sont espacés régulièrement et sont disposés à la même hauteur au-dessus du fond à tourbillon selon un angle minimum de 30 DEG et maximum de 90 DEG . Ce dispositif facilite une répartition homogène de la température dans un appareil à lit fluidisé circulaire à courant extérieur montant. Dans un tel appareil, un procédé pour produire des granulés sphériques est mis en oeuvre. Le courant vertical dans la région extérieure de l'appareil à lit fluidisé présente une vitesse plus élevée qu'au centre de l'appareil, et une amenée d'air située au-dessus du fond à tourbillon produit un courant tourbillonnaire autour de l'axe vertical de l'appareil.
EP99955860A 1998-10-29 1999-10-20 Dispositif pour appareil a lit fluidise Ceased EP1124629A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19850099 1998-10-29
DE1998150099 DE19850099A1 (de) 1998-10-29 1998-10-29 Vorrichtung für Wirbelschichtapparatur
PCT/EP1999/007944 WO2000025907A1 (fr) 1998-10-29 1999-10-20 Dispositif pour appareil a lit fluidise

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1124629A1 true EP1124629A1 (fr) 2001-08-22

Family

ID=7886183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99955860A Ceased EP1124629A1 (fr) 1998-10-29 1999-10-20 Dispositif pour appareil a lit fluidise

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1124629A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19850099A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000025907A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100385151B1 (ko) * 2000-12-26 2003-05-22 주식회사 엘지생활건강 비중 조절이 용이한 분말세제의 제조방법
JP2008523975A (ja) 2004-12-15 2008-07-10 ブロクヴィル， アクセル ドゥ 回転流動床装置と、この装置の使用方法
BE1016382A3 (fr) * 2004-12-15 2006-10-03 Broqueville Axel De Dispositif d'injection de fluides a l'interieur d'un lit fluidifie rotatif.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1542307C3 (de) * 1965-10-05 1974-03-14 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung und Steigerung der Durchsatzleistung endothermer Prozesse in einer Wirbelschicht
WO1981002057A1 (fr) * 1980-01-16 1981-07-23 Pyrecon Pty Ltd Chambres de combustion a lit gicle et fluidise
FR2654435B1 (fr) * 1989-11-10 1992-03-13 Total France Procede et dispositif de mise en contact d'une charge d'hydrocarbures avec des particules solides chaudes, dans un reacteur tubulaire a lit fluidise ascendant.
DE4422607A1 (de) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-04 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zum Herstellen von Granulaten in einer Wirbelschicht und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0025907A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19850099A1 (de) 2000-05-04
WO2000025907A1 (fr) 2000-05-11

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